EP1935183A1 - Procede et appareil de codage de contenus multimedia et procede et systeme d'application des contenus multimedia codes - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de codage de contenus multimedia et procede et systeme d'application des contenus multimedia codes

Info

Publication number
EP1935183A1
EP1935183A1 EP06823605A EP06823605A EP1935183A1 EP 1935183 A1 EP1935183 A1 EP 1935183A1 EP 06823605 A EP06823605 A EP 06823605A EP 06823605 A EP06823605 A EP 06823605A EP 1935183 A1 EP1935183 A1 EP 1935183A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metadata
photo
maf
information
media
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP06823605A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1935183A4 (fr
Inventor
Sang-Kyun Kim
Ji-Yeun Kim
Young-Su Moon
Yong-Man Ro
Seung-Ji Yang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST
Original Assignee
Res & Ind Cooperation Group
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Research and Industrial Cooperation Group
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Res & Ind Cooperation Group, Samsung Electronics Co Ltd, Research and Industrial Cooperation Group filed Critical Res & Ind Cooperation Group
Priority to EP12004742A priority Critical patent/EP2533536A3/fr
Publication of EP1935183A1 publication Critical patent/EP1935183A1/fr
Publication of EP1935183A4 publication Critical patent/EP1935183A4/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/40—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of multimedia data, e.g. slideshows comprising image and additional audio data
    • G06F16/48—Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/50—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data
    • G06F16/58—Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/70—Media network packetisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to processing of multimedia contents, and more particularly, to a method of and apparatus for encoding multimedia contents and a method of and system for applying encoded multimedia contents.
  • MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group
  • ISO/ICE 230000 MPEG Application: ISO/ICE 230000
  • MAF multimedia application format
  • a music MAF is in a final draft international standard (FDIS) state and the standardization is in an almost final stage. Accordingly, the function of an MP3 player which previously performed only a playback function can be expanded and thus the MP3 player can automatically classify music files by genre and reproduce music files, or show the lyrics or browse album jacket photos related to music while the music is reproduced. This means that a file format in which users can receive more improved music services has been prepared.
  • the MP3 player has been mounted on a mobile phone, a game console (e.g., Sony's PSP), or a portable multimedia player (PMP) and has gained popularities among consumers. Therefore, a music player with enhanced functions using the MAF is expected to be commercialized soon.
  • a game console e.g., Sony's PSP
  • PMP portable multimedia player
  • the MPEG has standardized element technologies required for content-based retrieval and/or indexing as descriptors and description schemes under the name of MPEG-7.
  • a descriptor defines a method of extracting and expressing content-based feature values, such as texture, shape, and motions of an image
  • a description scheme defines the relations between two or more descriptors and a description scheme in order to model digital contents, and defines how to express data.
  • the MPEG is standardizing a multimedia integration framework under the name of MPEG-21. That is, in order to solve potential problems, including compatibility among content expression methods, methods of network transmission, and compatibility among terminals, caused by individual fundamental structures for transmission and use of multimedia contents and individual management systems, the MPEG is suggesting a new standard enabling transparent access, use, process, and reuse of multimedia contents through a variety of networks and devices.
  • the MPEG-21 includes declaration, adaptation, and processing of digital items (multimedia contents + metadata).
  • the problem of how to interoperate the technologies of the MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 with the MAF has yet to be solved.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for encoding multimedia contents in which in order to allow a user to effectively browse or share photos, photo data, visual feature information obtained from the contents of photo images, and a variety of hint feature information for effective indexing of photos are used as metadata and encoded into a multimedia application format (MAF) file.
  • MAF multimedia application format
  • the present invention also provides a method and system for applying encoded multimedia contents, in which an MAF file is processed in order to allow a user to browse or share the MAF file.
  • a method of encoding multimedia contents comprising: separating media data and metadata from multimedia contents; creating metadata complying with a predetermined standard format by using the separated metadata; and encoding the media data and the metadata complying with the standard format, and thus creating a multimedia application format (MAF) file including a header containing information indicating a location of the media data, the metadata and the media data, wherein the metadata complying with the standard format includes media player metadata.
  • MAF multimedia application format
  • an apparatus for encoding multimedia contents comprising: a pre-processing unit separating media data and metadata from multimedia contents; a metadata creation unit creating metadata complying with a predetermined standard format by using the separated metadata; and an encoding unit encoding the media data and the metadata complying with the standard format, and thus creating an MAF file including a header containing information indicating a location of the media data, the metadata and the media data, wherein the metadata complying with the standard format includes media player metadata.
  • a method of applying multimedia contents comprising: storing in a database, an MAF file, including at least one single track which includes a header containing information indicating a location of media data, media data complying with a predetermined standard format, and media metadata, and application data indicating information on an application method of the media; and browsing or sharing the MAF file stored in the database, wherein the media data complying with a predetermined standard format is at least one of media player metadata or media album metadata.
  • a system for applying multimedia contents comprising: a database storing an MAF file, including at least one single track which includes a header containing information indicating a location of media data, media data, and media metadata, and application data indicating information on an application method of the media; and an application unit browsing or sharing the MAF file stored in the database, wherein media data complying with the standard format is at lease one of media player metadata and media album metadata.
  • a computer readable recording medium having embodied thereon a computer program for executing the methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an apparatus for encoding multimedia contents according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates elements of media metadata created in a metadata creation unit of in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a detailed structure of the media album metadata of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a description structure of photo perception hint information of media album metadata illustrated in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a description structure of photo acquisition hint information of the media album metadata illustrated in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FlG. 6 illustrates a description structure of photo view hint information of the media album metadata illustrated in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a description structure of subject hint information of the media album metadata illustrated in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a detailed structure of the media player metadata of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 illustrates elements of photo collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a structure of a photo collection identifier of FIG. 8 on the basis of MPEG-7 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a structure of essential elements of a photo collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a structure of the event collection metadata of FIG. 8 in an MPEG-7 schema form according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a structure of the category collection metadata of FIG. 8 in an MPEG-7 schema form according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a structure of the person collection metadata of FIG. 8 in an MPEG-7 schema form according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 15 illustrates elements of the event collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 16 illustrates elements of the category collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 illustrates elements of the person collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 18A and 18B illustrate a detailed structure of an MAF file created in an encoding unit illustrated in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a detailed structure of media application method data created in an application method data creation unit illustrated in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2OA and 2OB illustrate examples of MAF files according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 21 illustrates an example of an MAF file including thumbnail images according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 22 is a block diagram of a structure of a system for applying multimedia contents according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 23 illustrates a process of interoperating browsing and sharing functions of a photo album MAF file with a database according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 24 illustrates a process of browsing a photo album MAF file through different album apparatuses according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 25 illustrates browsing a photo on a mobile album apparatus using a photo album MAF file according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 26 illustrates browsing a photo on a web album apparatus using a photo album MAF file according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 27 illustrates a procedure of applying a photo album MAF file on a web album apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 28A and 28B illustrate elements of collection level description metadata and item level description metadata according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 29 illustrates elements of the event collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 30 illustrates elements of the category collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 31 illustrates elements of the person collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an apparatus for encoding multimedia contents according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for encoding multimedia contents is composed of a pre-processing unit 130, a metadata creation unit 150 and an encoding unit 170.
  • an apparatus for encoding multimedia contents may further include a media acquisition unit 110.
  • an apparatus for encoding multimedia contents may further include an application method data creation unit 180.
  • the media acquisition unit 110 obtains one or more media contents, such as photos, music, and video, by using a digital photographing apparatus or recording apparatus.
  • the obtained media content is provided to the pre-processing unit 130.
  • the pre-processing unit 130 creates media data and basic metadata of the media content from the input media content.
  • media content may be provided from the media acquisition unit 110 or may be input from the outside other than the media acquisition unit 110.
  • exchangeable image file format Exif
  • the pre-processing unit 130 extracts information required to generate basic metadata of the media content, and by using the extracted information, the pre-processing unit 130 creates the basic metadata of the media content.
  • the basic metadata includes metadata which is described when each media content is obtained or created.
  • Examples of the basic metadata may include Exif metadata for a JPEG photo file, ID3 metadata of an MP3 music file, and compression related metadata of an MPEG video file, but the basic metadata is not limited to these examples.
  • the media data and basic metadata created in the pre-processing unit 130 are provided to the media metadata creation unit 150.
  • the metadata creation unit 150 creates media metadata required for forming a single integrated MAF file from a large amount of media data.
  • the media metadata creation unit 150 creates media metadata complying with a predetermined standard, by using basic metadata provided from the pre-processing unit 130.
  • the media metadata creation unit 150 extracts and creates basic metadata directly from the input media content, by using an MPEG-based standardized description tool, and by using the created basic metadata, creates media metadata complying with a standard.
  • MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 may be used, but the embodiment is not limited to these.
  • the encoding unit 170 encodes media metadata provided from the metadata creation unit 150 together with media data, and creates a single integrated MAF file 190 as the result of the encoding.
  • the application method data creation unit 180 creates data on an application method of an MAF file, and provides the created application method data to the encoding unit 170.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates elements of media metadata created in a metadata creation unit 150 of in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the media metadata includes at least one of media album metadata 210 with detailed metadata information and media player metadata 230 with simple metadata information.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a detailed structure of the media album metadata 210 of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the media metadata includes an item (content-based features) 3100 indicating content-based feature values of media content, an item (photo collection information) 3200 indicating group information of photos collected together after dividing a large amount of photos into meaningful groups, an item (processing information) 3300 indicating information required for browsing or sharing photos based on media metadata, an item (right information) 3400 indicating use (consumption) right for a created photo album, and an item (albuming hint) 3500 indicating information used as a hint for effectively forming a photo album.
  • an item (content-based features) 3100 indicating content-based feature values of media content
  • an item (photo collection information) 3200 indicating group information of photos collected together after dividing a large amount of photos into meaningful groups
  • an item (processing information) 3300 indicating information required for browsing or sharing photos based on media metadata
  • an item (right information) 3400 indicating use (
  • the content-based features item 3100 includes an MPEG-7 visual descriptor 3110 that is metadata for visual feature information, such as the color, texture, and shape of photo content, and an MPEG-7 audio descriptor 3120 that is metadata for audio feature information, such as voice or music related to a photo.
  • the photo collection information item 3200 is an item describing information on photos belonging to an identical event, an identical person, or an identical category.
  • photo collection information may be expressed using MPEG-7 multimedia description scheme (MDS) 3210 or MPEG-21 digital item declaration (DID) 3220.
  • MDS MPEG-7 multimedia description scheme
  • DID MPEG-21 digital item declaration
  • the method of expressing the photo collection information of a photo album is not limited to the MPEG-7 MDS 3210 and the MPEG-21 DID 3220.
  • the MPEG-7 MDS 3210 includes metadata of creation information 3211 , metadata of semantic information 3212, and metadata of content organization information 3213 of media content.
  • MDS 3210 applied to the present invention is not limited to those metadata, and can include other metadata included in the suggested MPEG-7 MDS.
  • the photo processing information item 3300 is an item describing information required in the process of browsing or sharing photos based on media metadata. For this, a procedure to display a plurality of photos on a screen based on metadata is described using an MPEG-4 scene description 3310, a procedure to display a plurality of photos on a screen based on media metadata is described using an MPEG-21 digital item processing (DIP) 3320, or information to adaptively transform a multimedia application format file for a photo album with respect to the performance of a terminal or a network, is described by using an MPEG-21 digital item adaptation (DIA) 3330.
  • DIP MPEG-21 digital item processing
  • DIA MPEG-21 digital item adaptation
  • the item 3400 indicating a user right over a photo album is an item by which an owner of an MAF file for a photo album encrypts the MAF file for the photo album and controls access by others to the photo album.
  • the item 3400 includes MPEG-21 intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) 3410, an item (view permission) 3420 to control browsing of the MAF file for the photo album by using other right expression methods, an item (print permission) 3430 to control printing of the MAF file for the photo album, and an item (editing permission) 3440 to control editing of the MAF file for the photo album.
  • IPMP MPEG-21 intellectual property management and protection
  • IPMP MPEG-21 intellectual property management and protection
  • view permission to control browsing of the MAF file for the photo album by using other right expression methods
  • an item (print permission) 3430 to control printing of the MAF file for the photo album
  • an item (editing permission) 3440 to control editing of the MAF file for the photo album.
  • the item 3400 indicating a user right is not limited
  • the albuming hint item 3500 includes a hint item (perception hints) 3510 to express perceptional characteristics of a human being in relation to the contents of a photo, a hint item (acquisition hints) 3520 to express camera information and photographing information when a photo is taken, a hint item (view hints) 3540 to express view information of a photo, a hint item (subject hints) 3550 to express information on persons included in a photo, and a hint item (popularity) 3560 to express popularity information of a photo.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a description structure of the perception hint item 3510 illustrated in FIG. 3 in detail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the description structure of the perception hint item 3510 includes information on the characteristic that a person intuitively perceives the contents of a photo.
  • the description structure of the perception hint item 3510 includes an item (avgColorfulness) 3511 indicating the colorfulness of the color tone expression of a photo, an item (avgColorCoherence) 3512 indicating the color coherence of the entire color tone appearing in a photo, an item (avgLevelOfDetail) 3513 indicating the detailedness of the contents of a photo, an item (avgHomogenity) 3514 indicating the homogeneity of texture information of the contents of a photo, an item (avgPowerOfEdge) 3515 indicating the robustness of edge information of the contents of a photo, an item (avgDepthOfField) 3516 indicating the depth of the focus of a camera in relation to the contents of a photo, an item (avgColorfulness) 3511 indicating the colorfulness of the color tone expression of a photo
  • the item (avgColorfulness) 3511 indicating the colorfulness of the color tone expression of a photo can be measured after normalizing the histogram heights of each RGB color value and the distribution value the entire color values from a color histogram, or by using the distribution value of a color measured using a CIE L*u*v color space.
  • the method of measuring the item 3511 indicating the colorfulness is not limited to these methods.
  • the item (avgColorCoherence) 3512 indicating the color coherence of the entire color tone appearing in a photo can be measured by using a dominant color descriptor among the MPEG-7 visual descriptors, and can be measured by normalizing the histogram heights of each color value and the distribution value the entire color values from a color histogram.
  • the method of measuring the item 3512 indicating the color coherence of the entire color tone appearing in a photo is not limited to these methods.
  • the item (avgLevelOfDetail) 3513 indicating the detailedness of the contents of a photo can be measured by using an entropy measured from the pixel information of the photo, or by using an isopreference curve that is an element for determining the actual complexity of a photo, or by using a relative measurement method in which compression ratios are compared when compressions are performed under identical conditions, including the same image sizes, and quantization steps.
  • the method of measuring the item 3513 indicating the detailedness of contents of a photo is not limited to these methods.
  • the item (avgHomogenity) 3514 indicating the homogeneity of texture information of the contents of a photo can be measured by using the regularity, direction and scale of texture from feature values of a texture browsing descriptor among the MPEG-7 visual descriptors.
  • the method of measuring the item 3514 indicating the homogeneity of texture information of the contents of a photo is not limited to this method.
  • the item (avgPowerOfEdge) 3515 indicating the robustness of edge information of the contents of a photo can be measured by extracting edge information from a photo and normalizing the extracted edge power.
  • the method of measuring the item 3515 indicating the robustness of edge information of the contents of a photo is not limited to this method.
  • the item (avgDepthOfField) 3516 indicating the depth of the focus of a camera in relation to the contents of a photo can be measured generally by using the focal length and diameter of a camera lens, and an iris number.
  • the method of measuring the item 3516 indicating the depth of the focus of a camera in relation to the contents of a photo is not limited to this method.
  • the item (avgBlurrness) 3517 indicating the blurriness of a photo caused by shaking of a camera generally due to a slow shutter speed can be measured by using the edge power of the contents of the photo.
  • the method of measuring the item 3517 indicating the blurriness of a photo caused by shaking of a camera due to a slow shutter speed is not limited to this method.
  • the item (avgGlareness) 3518 indicating the degree that the contents of a photo are affected by a very bright external light source is a value indicating a case where a light source having a greater amount of light than a threshold value is photographed in a part of a photo or in the entire photo, that is, a case of excessive exposure, and can be measured by using the brightness of the pixel value of the photo.
  • the method of measuring the item 3518 indicating the degree that the contents of a photo are affected by a very bright external light source is not limited to this method.
  • the item (avgBrightness) 3519 indicating information on the brightness of an entire photo can be measured by using the brightness of the pixel value of the photo.
  • the method of measuring the item 3519 indicating information on the brightness of an entire photo is not limited to this method.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a description structure of the photo acquisition hint item 3520 illustrated in FIG. 3 in detail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photo acquisition hints 3520 includes basic photographing information and camera information, which can be used in photo albuming.
  • the description structure of the photo acquisition hint item 3520 includes information (EXIFAvailable) 3521 indicating whether or not photo data includes Exif information as metadata, information (artist) 3522 on the name and ID of a photographer who takes a photo, time information (takenDateTime) 3523 on the time when a photo is taken, information (manufacturer) 3524 on the manufacturer of the camera with which a photo is taken, camera model information (CameraModel) 3525 of a camera with which a photo is taken, shutter speed information
  • EXIFAvailable information indicating whether or not photo data includes Exif information as metadata, information (artist) 3522 on the name and ID of a photographer who takes a photo, time information (takenDateTime) 3523 on the time when a photo is taken, information (manufacturer) 3524 on the manufacturer of the camera with which a photo is taken, camera model information (CameraModel) 3525 of a camera with which a photo is taken, shutter speed information
  • photo acquisition hint item 3520 includes the information items described above, but is not limited to these items.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a description structure of the photo view hint item 3540 illustrated in FIG. 3 in detail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photo view hint item 3540 includes an item
  • (centricView) 3541 indicating whether the major part expressed in a photo is a background or a foreground
  • an item (foregroundRegion) 3544 indicating the position of a part corresponding to the foreground of a photo in the contents expressed in the photo
  • an item (backgroundRegion) 3545 indicating the position of a part corresponding to the background of a photo
  • an item 3546 (focused region) 3546 indicating a focused region in a photo.
  • the item 3541 indicating whether the major part expressed in a photo is a background or a foreground includes an item (foregroundCentric) 3542 expressing a case where the foreground is the major part and an item (backgroundCentric) 3543 expressing a case where the background is the major part.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a description structure of the subject hint item 3550 illustrated in FIG. 3 in detail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the subject hint item 3550 includes an item
  • (numOfPersons) 3551 indicating the number of persons included in a photo
  • an item (PersonldentityHints) 3552 indicating the position information of each person included in a photo with the position of the face of the person and the position of clothes worn by the person
  • an item (InterPersonRelationshipHints) 3556 indicating the relationship between persons included in a photo.
  • the item 3552 indicating the position information of the face and clothes of each person included in a photo includes an ID (PersonlD) 3553, the face position (facePosition) 3554, and the position of clothes (clothPosition) 3555 of the person.
  • the item 3556 indicating the relationship between persons included in a photo includes IDs (PersonlDI , PersonlD2) 3557 and 3558 indicating two persons, and an item (relation) 3559 describing the relationship between the two person in an arbitrary format.
  • the following table 1 shows description structures, which express hint items required for photo albuming among hint items required for effective multimedia albuming, expressed in an extensible markup language (XML) format.
  • XML extensible markup language
  • the following table 2 shows the description structure of the perceptional hint item 3510 indicating the perceptional characteristics of a human being in relation to the contents of a photo, among hint items required for photo albuming illustrated in table 1 , expressed in an XML format.
  • the following table 3 shows the description structure of the photo acquisition hint item 3520 indicating camera information and photographing information when a photo is taken, among hint items required for photo albuming illustrated in table 1 , expressed in an XML format.
  • the following table 4 shows the description structure of the photo view hint item 3540 indicating view information of a photo, among hint items required for photo albuming illustrated in table 1 , expressed in an XML format.
  • the following table 5 shows the description structure of the subject hint item 3550 to indicate information on persons included in a photo, among hint items required for photo albuming illustrated in table 1 , expressed in an XML format.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a detailed structure of the media player metadata 230 of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the media player metadata 230 includes collection-level description metadata 18100 for grouping of a plurality of photos and item-level description metadata 18200 for each photo.
  • the collection-level description metadata 18100 includes description metadata 18110 describing creation information of a corresponding metadata, creation information metadata 18120 describing creation information for a photo collection that is defined by metadata, content references metadata 18130 describing identification information about each photo in a photo collection that is defined by metadata, and a content collection metadata 18140 for a sub-level photo collection in a photo collection that is defined by metadata.
  • the item-level description metadata 18200 includes description metadata 18210 describing creation information of corresponding metadata, creation information metadata 18220 describing creation information for photos that are defined by metadata, content references metadata 18230 describing identification information about each photo that is defined by metadata, and visual features metadata 18240 for content-based visual features in photos that are defined by metadata. Meanwhile, the collection-level description metadata is expressed by an ID of Creationlnformation DS, or is expressed using
  • classification scheme with a classification scheme which is newly defined.
  • the classification scheme may be expressed as defined in table 6.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of elements in the content collection metadata
  • each piece of content collection metadata 18140 includes a unique collection ID 18141.
  • the content collection metadata 18140 includes Event collection metadata 18300 for a photo collection of the same event, a Category collection metadata 18400 for a photo collection of the same category, and a Person collection metadata 18500 for a photo collection of the same person, according to a collection ID.
  • FIG. 10 is a chart of a structure of the collection ID 18141 of FIG. 8 on the basis of MPEG-7. Referring to FIG. 10, the content collection metadata 18140 is expressed by a
  • the collection ID 18141 is defined by "Event” representing a photo collection of the same event, "Category” representing a photo collection of the same category, and "Person” representing a photo collection of the same person.
  • the collection ID 18141 is not limited to this. That is, the collection ID can be expressed by other original characters or numbers besides the above identifiers.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a structure of essential elements of the content collection metadata 18140 of FIG. 9.
  • the event collection metadata 18300 includes Title metadata for providing information on a title of a corresponding event collection and Date/time metadata for providing information on a photographing time of photos in a corresponding event collection.
  • the Title metadata for providing information on a title can be expressed using 7/CreationlnformationDS/Creation/Title" of MPEG-7 MDS.
  • the Date/time metadata for providing information on a photographing time can be expressed using
  • the following table 7 shows an example of mapping albuming semantics to MPEG-7 MDS.
  • FlG. 12 illustrates a structure of the event collection metadata 18300 of FIG. 8 in an MPEG-7 schema form according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the event collection 18300 metadata includes Title metadata for providing information on a title of a corresponding category collection.
  • the Title metadata for providing information on a title may be expressed using "//CreationlnformationDS/Clasification/Subject/KeywordAnnotation/Keyword//" of MPEG-7 MDS.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a structure of the category collection metadata 18400 of FIG. 8 in an MPEG-7 schema form according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Category collection 18400 metadata includes a person name in a person collection, which is
  • 7/CreatinolnformationDS/Creation/Creator/Role of MPEG-7 MDS, is represented in "Actor".
  • a name of a corresponding person may be expressed using 7/CreationlnformationDS/Creation/Creator/Agent.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a structure of the person collection metadata 18500 of FIG. 8 in an MPEG-7 schema form according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the following tables 8-1 and 8-2 represent the Event collection metadata in an XML format
  • FIG. 15 illustrates elements of the event collection metadata.
  • the schema for the Event collection metadata may be represented without any change in the original Photo Player MAF schema.
  • the following table 9 represents another example of the Event collection metadata in an XML format, based on the classification scheme defined in table 6, and FIG. 29 illustrates elements of the event collection metadata.
  • the schema for the Event collection metadata may be represented without any change in the original Photo Player MAF schema.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates elements of the Category collection metadata.
  • the following table 11 represents another example of the Category collection metadata in an XML format, based on the classification scheme defined in table 6, and FIG. 30 illustrates elements of the category collection metadata.
  • the schema for the Category collection metadata may be represented by adding
  • FIG. 17 illustrates elements of the Person collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the following table 13 represents another example of the Person-identity collection metadata in an XML format, based on the classification scheme defined in table 6, and FIG. 31 illustrates elements of the person-identity collection metadata.
  • the schema for the person-identity collection metadata may be represented by adding 7/CreationlnformationDS//Creation//Creator//" to the original Photo Player MAF schema.
  • FIGS. 18A and 18B illustrate a detailed structure of an MAF file 190 created in the encoding unit 170 illustrated in FlG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MAF file includes, as a basic element, a single track MAF 6300 which is composed of one media content and final metadata corresponding to the media content.
  • the single track MAF 6300 includes a header (MAF header) 6310 of the track, MPEG metadata 6200, and media data 6400.
  • the MAF header 6310 is data indicating media data, and may comply with ISO basic media file format.
  • an MAF file can be formed with one multiple track MAF 6100 which is composed of a plurality of single track MAFs 6300.
  • the multiple track MAF 6100 includes one or more single track MAFs 6300, an MAF header 6110 of the multiple tracks, MPEG metadata 6600 in relation to the multiple tracks, and application method data 6500 of the MAF file.
  • the application method data 6500 is included in the multiple tracks 6100.
  • the application method data 6500 may be input independently to an MAF file.
  • FIG. 18B illustrates a detailed structure of an MAF file 190 created in the encoding unit 170 illustrated in FIG. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MAF file 1500 illustrated in FIG. 18B uses an MPEG-4 file format in order to include a JPEG resource and related metadata as in FIG. 18A.
  • Most of the elements illustrated in FIG. 18B are similar to those illustrated in FIG. 18A.
  • a part (File Type box) 1510 indicating the type of a file corresponds to the MAF header 1420 illustrated in FIG. 4
  • a part (Meta box) 1530 indicating metadata in relation to a collection level corresponds to MPEG metadata 1430 illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the MAF file 1500 is broadly composed of the part (File Type box) 1510 indicating the type of a file, a part (Movie box) 1520 indicating the metadata of an entire file, i.e., the multiple tracks, and a part (Media Data box) 1560 including internal JPEG resources as a JPEG code stream 1561 in each track.
  • the part (Movie box) 1520 indicating the metadata of the entire file includes, as basic elements, the part (Meta box) 1530 indicating the metadata in relation to a collection level and a single track MAF (Track box) 1540 formed with one media content and metadata corresponding to the media content.
  • the single track MAF 1540 includes a header (Track Header box) 1541 of the track, media data (Media box) 1542, and MPEG metadata (Meta box) 1543.
  • MAF header information is data indicating media data, and may comply with an ISO basic media file format.
  • the link between metadata and each corresponding internal resource can be specified using the media data 1542. If an external resource 1550 is used instead of the MAF file itself, link information to this external resource may be included in a position specified in each single track MAF 1540, for example, may be included in the media data 1542 or MPEG metadata 1543.
  • a plurality of signal track MAFs 1540 may be included in the part (Movie box) 1520 indicating the metadata of the entire file.
  • the MAF file 1500 may further include data on the application method of an MAF file as illustrated in FIG. 4. At this time, the application method data may be included in multiple tracks or may be input independently into an MAF file.
  • descriptive metadata may be stored using metadata 1530 and 1543 included in Movie box 1520 or Track box 1540.
  • the metadata 1530 of Movie box 1520 can be used to define collection level information and the metadata 1543 of Track box 1540 can be used to define item level information. All descriptive metadata can be used using an MPEG-7 binary format for metadata (BiM) and the metadata 1530 and 1543 can have an mp7b handler type.
  • the number of Meta box for collection level descriptive metadata is 1
  • the number of Meta boxes for item level description metadata is the same as the number of resources in the MAF file 1500.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a detailed structure of application method data 6500 created in the application method data creation unit 180 illustrated in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the media application method data 6500 is a major element of a media application method, and includes an MPEG-4 scene descriptor (scene description) 6521 to describe an albuming method defined by a description tool for media albuming and a procedure and method for media reproduction, and an MPEG-21 digital item processing descriptor (MPEG-21 DIP description) 6522 in relation to digital item processing (DIP) complying with a format and procedure intended for a digital item.
  • the digital item processing descriptor includes a descriptor (MPEG-21 digital item method) 6523 for a method of basically applying a digital item.
  • the present invention is characterized in that it includes the data as the media application method data 6500, but elements included in the media application method data 6500 are not limited to the data.
  • Metadata and application method data related to media data are transferred to the encoding unit 170 and created as one independent MAF file 190.
  • FIGS. 2OA and 2OB illustrate examples of MAF files 190 created in the encoding unit 170 illustrated in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2OA illustrates a case where media data, that is, photo data, physically exists in an MAF file
  • FIG. 2OB illustrates a case where photo data does not exists in an MAF file and instead, the photo data is replaced by a locator indicating the position of another physical or logical storage apparatus in which the photo data exists.
  • FIG. 21 illustrates an MAF file created in the encoding unit 170 illustrated in FIG. 1 , the MAF file further including thumbnail images according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • thumbnail images are further included in the MAF file and thus, even though a user does not read the original image, high speed browsing is enabled using the small-sized thumbnail images.
  • FIG. 22 is a block diagram of a structure of a system for applying multimedia contents according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system for applying multimedia contents includes an
  • the system for applying encoded multimedia contents includes an MAF file creation unit 2210, a media album database 2220 and a browsing unit 2240.
  • the system for applying encoded multimedia contents includes an MAF file creation unit 2210, a media album database 2220, and a sharing unit 2250.
  • the system for applying encoded multimedia contents includes an MAF file creation unit 2210, a media album database 2220, a browsing unit 2240, and a sharing unit 2250.
  • Each embodiment of the system for applying encoded multimedia contents can further include a query processing unit 2230.
  • the MAF file creation unit 2210 creates an MAF file which includes at least one single track including a header containing information indicating media data, media data and media metadata, and application data indicating information on the application method of the media data.
  • the media album database 2220 stores the MAF file created in the MAF file creation unit 2210.
  • the MAF file stored in the media album database 2220 is provided to the browsing unit 2240 and the sharing unit 2250 according to a request from the user.
  • the query processing unit 2230 retrieves an MAF file which the user desires to browse or share. At this time, metadata of each MAF file stored in the media album database 2220 is parsed so that MAF files matching with the user's query are found.
  • the created photo album MAF file is transmitted to other devices through a communication channel 2260.
  • the communication channel 2260 includes wired and/or wireless Internet, a mobile communication network, and a Bluetooth channel, and also includes a physical connection, such as a universal serial bus (USB) apparatus.
  • USB universal serial bus
  • An example of the device to which the MAF file is transmitted may include any one of a legacy device 2271 which can recognize the MAF but does not provide full compatibility, an MAF-aware terminal device 2273 which fully recognizes the MAF, an MAF-aware mobile device 2275 which fully recognizes the MAF, and an
  • MAF-aware web album 2277 which fully recognizes the MAF.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates a process of interoperating browsing and sharing functions of an MAF file with a database in the structure illustrated in FIG. 22 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MAF file creation unit 2210 illustrated in FIG. 22 creates first through third MAF files of types different from each other, and stores the files in an MAF database 2330.
  • the first MAF file is an event MAF file in which photos are grouped in units of events and photos of an identical event are stored as an integrated MAF file.
  • the second MAF file is a person MAF file in which photos are grouped based on persons and photos including an identical person are stored as an integrated MAF file.
  • the third MAF file is a category MAF file in which photos are grouped based on categories and photos belonging to an identical category are stored as an integrated MAF file.
  • the MAF file creation unit 2210 creates the first through third MAF files described above, but files created by the MAF file creation unit 2210 are not limited to these files.
  • MAF files of two or more types may be integrated into one MAF file or an
  • MAF file of a new type may also be included.
  • photo data is stored in each MAF file of the MAF database 2330, redundancy of photo data occurs. Accordingly, photo data is stored in a separate photo database (Photo DB) 2340 and in each MAF file of the MAF database 2330, metadata and locators indicating the photos of the photo database 2340 are included. Then, an input query of the user is processed in operation 2350, a new MAF file including a photo matching with the user's query is created and shared in operation 2360 or a photo collection matching with the user's query is browsed in operation 2370.
  • FIG. 24 illustrates a process of browsing a photo album MAF file through different album apparatuses 2431 , 2433, 2435, 2437, 2439, and 2470 from the browsing unit 2240 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MAF file 2410 of the current embodiment may include a presentation tool, which expresses photos systematically based on metadata, in the MAF file 2410.
  • Leading presentation tools applied may include an MPEG-4 scene descriptor and a presentation tool using the MPEG-21 DIP, but the presentation tools are not limited to these. Meanwhile, if a presentation tool does not exist in the MAF file 2450, a presentation tool of an application that the user has is used in order to enable photo browsing.
  • FIG. 25 illustrates browsing a photo on a mobile album apparatus using a photo album MAF file according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 illustrates browsing a photo on a web album apparatus using a photo album MAF file according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • files are obtained from a variety of image pickup apparatuses and encoded as photo album MAF files. Then, the photo album MAF files are transmitted to the web album apparatus through the Internet. Examples of the web album apparatus includes a personal homepage, a blog, an Internet cafe, but are not limited to these.
  • FIG. 27 illustrates a procedure of applying a photo album MAF file on an application processing unit 12100 of a web album apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 if an MAF file is input into the application processing unit 12100, the MAF file is decoded in operation 12130 and by using the decoded metadata, user authentication is performed in operation 12130. If the user is authenticated, user's right over a photo album (view, print, copy) is read in operation 12140. Metadata is extracted according to the read right in operation 12150, and by using the extracted metadata, photos are extracted in operation 12160, and photos are uploaded on a website in operation 12170.
  • FIGS. 28A and 28B illustrate elements of collection level description metadata and item level description metadata according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the following table 9 expresses the collection level description metadata in an XML format
  • the following tables 10-1 and 10-2 express the item level description metadata in an XML format.
  • the following table 11 shows semantic tools of collection level description metadata of FIG.28A.
  • the following table 12 shows semantic tools of item level description metadata of FIG. 28B.
  • FIG. 29 illustrates elements of the event collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 illustrates elements of the category collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 illustrates elements of the person collection metadata of FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention can also be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable recording medium.
  • the computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data which can be thereafter read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable recording medium include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves (such as data transmission through the Internet).
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random-access memory
  • CD-ROMs compact discs
  • magnetic tapes magnetic tapes
  • floppy disks optical data storage devices
  • carrier waves such as data transmission through the Internet
  • carrier waves such as data transmission through the Internet
  • the computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. Also, functional programs, codes, and code segments for accomplishing the present invention can be easily construed by programmers skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Library & Information Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de codage de contenus multimédia, et un procédé et un système d'application des contenus multimédia. Le procédé d'application des contenus multimédia consiste à stocker un fichier MAF dans une base de données, le fichier MAF comprenant un en-tête avec des informations d'emplacement indiquant l'emplacement des données multimédia, au moins une piste avec des données multimédia et des métadonnées compatibles avec une norme prédéterminée, des données d'utilisation représentant des informations associées à un procédé d'application multimédia; et à consulter ou partager le fichier MAF stocké dans la base de données. Les métadonnées multimédia compatibles avec la norme prédéterminée comprennent au moins des métadonnées de lecteur multimédia ou des métadonnées d'album. En conséquence, y compris lorsque l'utilisateur ne possède pas d'application spécifique ou de fonction d'application de métadonnées, des fichiers au contenu multimédia à usage général peuvent être efficacement utilisés par consultation ou partage des fichiers à contenu multimédia.
EP06823605A 2005-10-11 2006-07-21 Procede et appareil de codage de contenus multimedia et procede et systeme d'application des contenus multimedia codes Ceased EP1935183A4 (fr)

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US78306706P 2006-03-17 2006-03-17
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WO2007043746A1 (fr) 2007-04-19
EP1935183A4 (fr) 2010-04-14
EP2533536A3 (fr) 2013-01-16

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