EP1916495A1 - Durchsichtige Panzerung - Google Patents

Durchsichtige Panzerung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1916495A1
EP1916495A1 EP06076944A EP06076944A EP1916495A1 EP 1916495 A1 EP1916495 A1 EP 1916495A1 EP 06076944 A EP06076944 A EP 06076944A EP 06076944 A EP06076944 A EP 06076944A EP 1916495 A1 EP1916495 A1 EP 1916495A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transparent
pellets
armour
matrix
armour according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06076944A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1916495B1 (de
Inventor
Johannes Pieter Frans Broos
Erik Peter Carton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Original Assignee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO filed Critical Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Priority to EP06076944.5A priority Critical patent/EP1916495B1/de
Priority to DK06076944.5T priority patent/DK1916495T3/en
Priority to PL06076944T priority patent/PL1916495T3/pl
Priority to ES06076944.5T priority patent/ES2446922T3/es
Publication of EP1916495A1 publication Critical patent/EP1916495A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1916495B1 publication Critical patent/EP1916495B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transparent glass suitable as an armour material.
  • Transparent armour with antiballistic properties are usually made of multiple layers of transparent material having a hard frangible face plate backed by one or more transparent tough resilient plates, bonded together by a suitable transparent adhesive layer. Such armour is for instance described in United States Statutory Invention Registration H1567 (application number 667,624 ). Another laminated transparent armour is described in United States Statutory Invention Registration H1519 (application number 522,788 ).
  • Laminated transparent armour has a high tendency of lateral tearing or bursting upon impact of a bullet or other projectile. Accordingly, it offers limited "multi-hit" protection (protection against impact of a plurality of projectiles).
  • laminated armour generally needs to be very thick, and therefore rather heavy, to provide a given level of antiballistic protection.
  • the freedom in shaping the laminated armour materials is limited, usually to flat plates. This can make application in transports, for instance military vehicles or armoured cars, problematic.
  • a laminated design may be detrimental to the transparency of the armour. In order to maintain good transparency special precautions may have to be taken during the manufacture of the armour.
  • the present invention relates to a transparent armour suitable for providing ballistic protection from an impacting projectile, the armour comprising a plurality of transparent pellets arranged in a layer and embedded in a transparent matrix material, wherein the ratio of the refractive index of the pellets to the refractive index of the polymeric material is in the range of 0.9:1 to 1.1:1. In view of better transparency, the ratio is preferably in the range of 0.95:1 to 1.05:1, more preferably in the range of 0.99:1 to 1.01:1.
  • Figures 1A, 1B and 1C schematically shows a top view of an armour of the invention.
  • FIGS 1D, 1E and 1F schematically show cross-sections of armour plates of the invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates how non-matching refractive indices for the pellets and the material surrounding the pellets results in insufficient transparency.
  • Figure 3 shows a picture of an armour material of the invention.
  • transparent is generally understood in the art. It will be understood that transparency is to some extent dependent upon the thickness of the armour. In particular a material, such as the armour/pellet/matrix/backing material, is considered transparent if the luminous transmission is 85 % or more and/or the haze is 5 % or less.
  • Figure 2 illustrates that a composite material is not transparent, if the refractive indices of the embedded phase (pellets) and the surrounding phase, do not match.
  • Figure 2 shows a number of transparent pellets surrounded by air (also transparent, but having a different refractive index). It is shown that a large part of the characters opposite to the viewing side of the pellets are distorted such that they cannot be read.
  • Figure 3 shows an armour according to the invention. This armour is transparent as the characters are not visually distorted and are clearly readable through the armour.
  • the matrix material usually a polymer or composition comprising a polymer
  • the material is generally chosen such that it is sufficiently strong (after curing) that it is dimensionally stable during normal use.
  • the matrix preferably meets one or more of the following criteria:
  • Tear strength may be determined according to ISO 34, Hardness according to ISO 868, parameters obtainable by a tensile test according to ISO 35.
  • the material is relatively elastic (compared to the pellets), to prevent the material from excessive cracking.
  • the skilled person is aware of desirable values for such properties. Further, it is desirable that the matrix adheres well to the pellets, for improved multi-hit capability and thus improved armour performance of the product.
  • the inventors have found that it is particularly advantageous with respect to improving the multi-hit capacity of the armour by providing the armour with a visco-elastic material.
  • the visco-elastic relaxation time preferably should be in the range of 10 -9 - 10 -1 [s].
  • the matrix material may in particular comprise one or more transparent polymers selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene; acetal resins; cellulose derivatives, in particular such cellulose esters, such as cellulose acetate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose propionate, cellulose triacetate and alkyl celluloses, such as ethyl cellulose; acrylics, allyl resins; polyethers, in particular such chlorinated polyethers; fluoroplastics; transparent melamines; polyamides (nylon); parylene polymers; phenolics; phenoxy resins; polybutylene, polycarbonates; polyesters; polyethylenes; polypropylenes; polyphenylenes; polystyrenes, transparent polyurethanes; polysulphones; polyvinyl alcohols; polyvinyl fluorides; polyvinyl butyrals; polyvinylidene chlorides, silicones; styrene acrylonitride
  • the matrix comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of transparent polyurethanes, transparent silicones and transparent polycarbonates.
  • a transparent polyurethane in particular with respect to transparency, (visco)-elastic properties and/or adherence to the pellets, in particular with glass pellets.
  • Suitable resins for providing a matrix in an armour of the invention are commercially available. Examples thereof include: Castable transparant Polyurethane resin (PUR, such as ClearFlex hardness Shore A between 50 and 90, manufacturer Smooth-On, 2000 Saint John Street, Easton, PA 18042); MB International 438 PU; MB International Poly A80; Permapur RD 3505; Simula: SIM 2025, SIM 2003. Such resins form a suitable matrix upon curing.
  • PUR Castable transparant Polyurethane resin
  • MB International 438 PU such as ClearFlex hardness Shore A between 50 and 90, manufacturer Smooth-On, 2000 Saint John Street, Easton, PA 18042
  • MB International 438 PU such as ClearFlex hardness Shore A between 50 and 90, manufacturer Smooth-On, 2000 Saint John Street, Easton, PA 18042
  • MB International 438 PU such as ClearFlex hardness Shore A between 50 and 90, manufacturer Smooth-On, 2000 Saint John Street, Easton, PA 18042
  • the hardness of the matrix, after curing, such as a cured polyurethene resin is preferably relatively high.
  • the hardness is at least 50 Shore A, in particular at least 60 Shore A, preferably at least 70 Shore A.
  • the hardness of the matrix (after curing) is chosen such that the risk of cracking of the matrix during impact of a projectile is sufficiently low.
  • the hardness is 25 Shore D or less, preferably .20 Shore D, in particular 95 Shore A or less.
  • the matrix comprises one or more additives in order to alter a mechanical property, adherence to the pellets, transparency and/or the refractive index.
  • a refractive index modifier may be included to match the refractive index more closely with the refractive index of the pellets.
  • examples of such modifier include organic or inorganic nano-particles, such as ceramic, metallic or polymeric nanoparticles.
  • a suitable inorganic nanoparticulate material is e.g. described in WO 01/04050 .
  • inorganic fillers are described that have been subjected to an ion exchange with a modifier, which modifier comprises at least two ionic groups, which groups are separated from each other by at least four atoms.
  • the pellets may be made of any transparent material, in particular any transparent glass or ceramic, suitable for use in anti-ballistic armour.
  • the vickers hardness of the material is at least 400 kg/mm 2 .
  • the glass/ceramic has a Vickers hardness of at least 500 kg/mm 2 .
  • the glass may be selected from the group consisting of transparent silicates, such as transparent fused quartz, transparent borosilicate glass, transparent aluminium oxide, transparent magnesium aluminium oxide (spinel), transparent sapphire, transparent aluminium oxynitride (ALON) glass
  • Preferred pellets include pellets made of glass or fused quartz up to level B6 EN 1063 (7.62x51 mm Ball), spinel (up to level B7 EN 1063 (7.62x51 AP)), sapphire (up to level B7 EN 1063 (7.62x51 AP)) and aluminumoxynitride (from level B7 EN 1063 (7.62x51 AP) and higher).
  • spinel and sapphire have particularly good properties, but these materials are still very expensive.
  • the glass up to level B6 on the other hand is relatively cheap, yet provides sufficient hardness for adequate antiballistic properties, especially for use in relatively low thread applications.
  • Fused SiO 2 is on the one hand relatively cheap compared to spinel and sapphire, yet generally provide improved protection against the impact of projectiles compared to regular glasses.
  • Suitable glass/ceramic material for providing the pellets are commercially available or can be made by glass manufactures upon request by specifying the desired refractive index and mechanical properties. If desired the refractive index can be altered by adding a refractive index altering additive, such as a specific metal oxides (for instance PbO, BaO, Li 2 O, B 2 O 3 , ZnO).
  • a refractive index altering additive such as a specific metal oxides (for instance PbO, BaO, Li 2 O, B 2 O 3 , ZnO).
  • Figures 1D-1F schematically show cross-sections of an armour of the invention
  • the geometry of the pellets is preferably substantially cylindrical, in particular substantially round cylindrical, more in particular substantially round circular cylindrical (Figure 1D), substantially oval (Figure 1E or substantially spherical ( Figure 1F).
  • Such a geometry is considered advantageous because of the presence of relatively large space for the matrix between the pellets, also if the pellets are arranged relatively close to each other, even if they are arranged that they even touch adjacent pellets.
  • Such pellet geometry allows a high degree of freedom with respect to the shape of the armour. Accordingly, such geometry of the pellets is in particular preferred for three-dimensionally shaped armour, such as an armour with a curved surface.
  • Substantially oval or substantially spherical pellets are highly preferred in view of one or both of these advantages.
  • Cylindrical pellets are preferably arranged such that an end of the cylinder is substantially parallel to the surface plane of the armour and the curved surface of the cylinder is substantially perpendicular to the surface plane of the armour. This is considered advantageous for improved transparency, a favourable distribution of matrix material between the pellets and/or the design of a three-dimensionally shaped armour.
  • the dimensions of the pellets are generally chosen based on the desired weight and thickness of the armour on one hand and the desired anti-ballistic properties on the other.
  • the dimensions of the pellets are usually in the range of 1-50 mm.
  • a relatively large height i.e. the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the surface plane of the armour
  • the dimensions in the plane of the surface is preferably relatively low for an improved multi-hit capacity.
  • the height of the pellets is at least 1 mm, preferably at least 3 mm. Usually the height is up to 50 mm.
  • the diameter of the pellets (the largest dimension in parallel to the plane of the layer in which the pellets are positioned) is at least 10 mm. Usually the diameter is up to 50 mm.
  • pellets in a single layer of pellets which are directly bound and retained in the desired form by the matrix such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of adjacent rows.
  • a majority of said pellets is in direct contact with at least four adjacent pellets in the same layer to provide mutual lateral confinement there between, said pellets each have a substantially regular geometric form.
  • Figures 1A and 1B Such design is in generally also described for non-transparent armour in WO99/60327 , the contents of which with respect to the design of the pellets and the arranging of the pellets in the armour is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present inventors have realised that it may be advantageous to arrange the pellets such that the majority of the pellets do not touch most of the surrounding pellets.
  • This is schematically shown in Figure 1C.
  • the general arrangement of the pellets relatively to each other may be different, for instance as shown in Figure 1A, but with the difference that in this embodiment the majority of the pellets not touching the surrounding pellets.
  • at least the majority of the pellets is in direct contact with less than four adjacent pellets, preferably at least the majority is in direct contact with less than three adjacent pellets, more preferably at least the majority is in direct contact with one or zero adjacent pellets.
  • An armour of the invention may be provided with a backing layer 3, at the rear side of the armour (taken from the side from which the thread by impacting projectiles is expected).
  • the backing layer may be a separate transparent plate bonded to the layer comprising the pellets, e.g. ad described in the above identified prior art.
  • the backing layer 3 and matrix 2 form a visually homogenous (monolithic) structure, rather than a laminate.
  • Such structure has improved integrity of the armour (as opposed to a laminated structure wherein the backing layer may delaminate relatively easily from the remainder of the armour and/or a pellet may relatively easily be partially or fully forced out of the matrix, especially upon impact by a projectile). Further, it is considered that a monolithic structure allows or facilitates repair of an armour of the invention after an impact by a projectile.
  • the backing layer usually has a thickness of at least 5 mm, preferably at least 10 mm.
  • the upper limit is chosen depending upon the maximum desired thickness of the armour and/or the desired antiballistic properties. Usually a thickness of 60 mm or less is sufficient.
  • the matrix and backing layer are usually formed of the same class of materials (such as both polyurethanes, both silicones or both polycarbonates).
  • the mechanical properties need not be the same.
  • An armour of the invention may in particular be a substantially flat or curved.
  • it may be a (flat) window, a (curved) windshield, a visor, a screen, a canopy or a dome.
  • the armour is in particular suitable for use (as a window/screen) in a vehicle, visor or counter. Accordingly the invention also relates to a transport or counter of the invention.
  • Preferred transports included, military vehicles, in particular logistic military vehicles, and cars in general.
  • the invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an armour according to the invention, comprising
  • Suitable reaction mixtures for providing the transparent matrix are known in the art (see e.g. above). They typically comprise a castable polymer and/or liquid polymerisable compound and - if desired - one or more additives for initiating the curing and/or providing cross-links (such as a multifunctional polymerisable compound).
  • Preferred examples include polyurethane resins, such as Clearflex 50, Clearflex 75, Clearflex 90 and combinations thereof. In particular, good results have been achieved with Clearflex 75.
  • a backing layer is provided together with the matrix.
  • a reaction mixture for providing the backing layer comprise a curable polymer and/or polymerisable compound and - if desired - one or more additives for initiating the curing and/or providing cross-links (such as a multifunctional polymerisable compound, which may also be referred to as a curing agent).
  • the reaction mixture for the backing layer is cured simultaneously with the reaction mixture for the matrix.
  • a single structure (a monolith) is obtained of the backing layer and the matrix, which may be directly chemically bound together, especially in case the same class of curable polymer and/or polymerisable compound are used for the backing layer and the matrix (such as both reaction mixtures for providing a polyurethane).
  • no adhesive is required to bind matrix and backing layer and an improved integrity of the matrix and backing layer, or even the armour in general, may be accomplished.
  • Curing may be accomplished in any manner suitable for curing the reaction mixture. Suitable curing techniques are known in polymer technology, with preferably Room Temperature-curing, low shrinkage, low exothermic and/or long potlife. Desired mechanical properties, such as (visco-)elasticity, stiffness, strength, hardness and/or toughness may be imparted to the matrix/backing layer by selecting a specific ratio for the ingredients of the reaction mixtures, in particular the ratio of curable polymer to curing agent.
  • gas bubbles such as air bubbles
  • a reaction mixture is used with a relatively low viscosity, in order to facilitate such removal and/or to facilitate adequate filling of the spaces between the pellets.
  • the pellets (10 mm diameter and 18 mm high borosilicate glass pellets were placed as a layer into a flat mould.
  • the material of the invention shows very good transparency.
  • the armour was shot at twice with 7,62x51 mm Ball projectiles.
  • the shots impact velocities of 827 en 829 m/s) were at a distance of 47 mm from each other. Both impacts did not perforate the transparent armour.
  • the damaged area of each shot had a diameter of approx. 60 mm and the total damaged area was approx. 50 cm 2 .
  • a comparable laminated transparent armour was subjected to the same test.
  • the damaged area was approx. 500 cm 2 per impact with a comparable type of glass with a comparable thickness and mass.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP06076944.5A 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Durchsichtige Panzerung Active EP1916495B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06076944.5A EP1916495B1 (de) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Durchsichtige Panzerung
DK06076944.5T DK1916495T3 (en) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 transparent armor
PL06076944T PL1916495T3 (pl) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Przezroczysty pancerz
ES06076944.5T ES2446922T3 (es) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Blindaje transparente

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06076944.5A EP1916495B1 (de) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Durchsichtige Panzerung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1916495A1 true EP1916495A1 (de) 2008-04-30
EP1916495B1 EP1916495B1 (de) 2013-12-04

Family

ID=37907115

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06076944.5A Active EP1916495B1 (de) 2006-10-27 2006-10-27 Durchsichtige Panzerung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1916495B1 (de)
DK (1) DK1916495T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2446922T3 (de)
PL (1) PL1916495T3 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8893606B2 (en) 2011-06-06 2014-11-25 Plasan Sasa Ltd. Armor element and an armor module comprising the same
EP2500683A3 (de) * 2011-03-16 2015-04-29 CeramTec-Etec GmbH Transparentes Ballistik-Schutzsystem
US20150377593A1 (en) * 2013-04-24 2015-12-31 Lester Frank WALTERS Armour
CN111620685A (zh) * 2020-05-09 2020-09-04 上海伟星光学有限公司 一种利用镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷的防弹聚氨酯复合镜片

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3380406A (en) * 1965-04-28 1968-04-30 Whittaker Corp Composite design for transparent armour
US3573150A (en) * 1968-07-24 1971-03-30 Us Army Transparent armor
US3684631A (en) * 1969-12-12 1972-08-15 Textron Inc Glass armor fabrication
DE2815582A1 (de) * 1977-12-31 1980-03-06 Harry Apprich Mehrschicht-panzerung, insbesondere aus kleinkoerpern bestehend
WO1999060327A1 (en) 1998-05-19 1999-11-25 Michael Cohen Composite armor plate
WO2000047944A1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2000-08-17 Rafael Armament Development Authority Ltd. Ballistic armor panel
WO2006068721A2 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-06-29 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Hierarchical material assemblies and articles for use in projectile impact protection

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3380406A (en) * 1965-04-28 1968-04-30 Whittaker Corp Composite design for transparent armour
US3573150A (en) * 1968-07-24 1971-03-30 Us Army Transparent armor
US3684631A (en) * 1969-12-12 1972-08-15 Textron Inc Glass armor fabrication
DE2815582A1 (de) * 1977-12-31 1980-03-06 Harry Apprich Mehrschicht-panzerung, insbesondere aus kleinkoerpern bestehend
WO1999060327A1 (en) 1998-05-19 1999-11-25 Michael Cohen Composite armor plate
WO2000047944A1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2000-08-17 Rafael Armament Development Authority Ltd. Ballistic armor panel
WO2006068721A2 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-06-29 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Hierarchical material assemblies and articles for use in projectile impact protection

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2500683A3 (de) * 2011-03-16 2015-04-29 CeramTec-Etec GmbH Transparentes Ballistik-Schutzsystem
US8893606B2 (en) 2011-06-06 2014-11-25 Plasan Sasa Ltd. Armor element and an armor module comprising the same
US20150377593A1 (en) * 2013-04-24 2015-12-31 Lester Frank WALTERS Armour
CN111620685A (zh) * 2020-05-09 2020-09-04 上海伟星光学有限公司 一种利用镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷的防弹聚氨酯复合镜片
CN111620685B (zh) * 2020-05-09 2023-01-03 上海伟星光学有限公司 一种利用镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷的防弹聚氨酯复合镜片

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1916495B1 (de) 2013-12-04
DK1916495T3 (en) 2014-02-24
PL1916495T3 (pl) 2014-05-30
ES2446922T3 (es) 2014-03-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7793580B2 (en) Transparent ceramic composite
US10030941B2 (en) Multilayer armor
US9188410B2 (en) Armor having prismatic, tesselated core
US20090263651A1 (en) Optically transparent resilient laminate materials and methods of manufacture
US20080092729A1 (en) Optically transmissive armor composite
CN101815688A (zh) 轻质透明装甲窗
JP2011504992A (ja) マルチヒット対応透明積層装甲システム
EP1916495B1 (de) Durchsichtige Panzerung
US8850946B2 (en) Armor having prismatic, tesselated core
WO2008140480A1 (en) Crack-arresting transparent armor
RU2462682C2 (ru) Высокоплотные керамические блоки и включающая их композитная броня
EP1918502A1 (de) Verfahren zum Panzern eines Fensters
AU2012244085B2 (en) Transparent ceramic composite

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20081030

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20081201

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20130528

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 643697

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20140115

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602006039477

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20140217

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2446922

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20140310

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20131204

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PL

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140404

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140404

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602006039477

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20140905

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: RD1H

Effective date: 20141128

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602006039477

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140905

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: RD2H

Effective date: 20150105

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141027

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141027

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140305

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20061027

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20131204

PGRI Patent reinstated in contracting state [announced from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 20150114

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230522

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231019

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231020

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231222

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20231026

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20231019

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20231026

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231023

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20231019

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20231024

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231020

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20231020

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20231020

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20231019

Year of fee payment: 18