EP1906427A1 - Elektromagnetische Antriebseinheit und elektromagnetische Schaltvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektromagnetische Antriebseinheit und elektromagnetische Schaltvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1906427A1
EP1906427A1 EP06020548A EP06020548A EP1906427A1 EP 1906427 A1 EP1906427 A1 EP 1906427A1 EP 06020548 A EP06020548 A EP 06020548A EP 06020548 A EP06020548 A EP 06020548A EP 1906427 A1 EP1906427 A1 EP 1906427A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
current
electromechanical switching
drive unit
electromagnetic drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06020548A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Dr. Krätzschmar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP06020548A priority Critical patent/EP1906427A1/de
Publication of EP1906427A1 publication Critical patent/EP1906427A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/10—Electromagnetic or electrostatic shielding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the art of design of electromagnetic drive units, and further also to electromechanical switching devices
  • Circuit breakers and current limiters are devices that are used to break a current circuit or limit current in a current circuit in the low voltage range which usually is understood to cover voltages from 100 V up to 1000 V.
  • circuit breakers and current limiters are adapted to break a current circuit or limit current therein for a three-phase current, but it is also possible that the current circuit is a one-phase current circuit only. Breaking a current circuit may be necessary in the case of short-circuit, phase fault or an overload condition. Limiting a current in a current circuit can be used to avoid adverse effects of an overload condition, for example.
  • Circuit breakers and current limiters are electromechanical switching devices that comprise at least one electromagnetic drive unit, typically one for each phase.
  • Such an electromagnetic drive unit follows the current in the at least one current phase and is adapted to break the current phase or phases upon detecting an excessive current by releasing the lock of the circuit breaker or current limiter or by displacing the contact pieces of such devices.
  • a coil is used for monitoring the current.
  • the electromagnetic drive units In order to reduce the manufacturing costs and to make the electromagnetic drive unit smaller, the electromagnetic drive units typically comprises a yoke and an armature that are relatively simple and cheap parts and thus tend to generate a magnetic field very inefficiently. This magnetic field must at least partly be compensated by increasing the number of windings in the coil, which tends to lead to increased electrical losses and to excessive heat dissipation, thus increasing the complexity of design of electromechanical switching devices in which electromagnetic drive units are used.
  • a first object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of an electromagnetic drive unit that is preferably suitable for use in a short-circuit release. This object can be achieved with an electromagnetic drive unit as set out in claim 1.
  • a second object of the invention is to reduce the sensitivity of a short-circuit release of an electromechanical switching device against cross-phase interference. This object can be achieved with an electromechanical switching device as set out in claim 6.
  • the magnetic field lines caused by a current flow through the coil may penetrate into the magnetic layer that can thus form an outer boundary for the magnetic field lines. This is suspected to improve the magnetic coupling between the yoke and the armature and thus also to improve the efficiency of the electromagnetic drive unit.
  • the electromagnetic drive unit can be manufactured in a particularly easy manner.
  • the synthetic material further comprises ferromagnetic powder or ferromagnetic fibers, the magnetic properties of the magnetic layer may be improved.
  • the magnetic layer has a relative magnetic permeability ⁇ r ⁇ [30, 100].
  • the magnetic layer can also be a partial magnetic coating of a housing of the electromagnetic drive unit. In this manner, the cost of material may be reduced, since the magnetic layer does not need to be strong enough to form a supporting wall.
  • the electromechanical switching device comprises at least two input terminals and responsive output terminals for connecting the electromechanical switching device to at least two current phases, and a coil for each of the responsive current phases, and if the magnetic layer is located between said coils, cross-phase interference to the coil can be reduced and the accuracy of the electromechanical switching device for excess currents may be improved.
  • Figure 1 is a section of a current limiter 10 known from prior art.
  • the current limiter 10 comprises a housing 18, three input terminals 11 and responsive output terminals 12 for connecting the current limiter 10 to three phases of a current circuit.
  • the current limiter 10 comprises three electromagnetic drive units 15.
  • coil 152 is adapted to receive a current responsive to the current of the responsive current phase ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and the movable armature 151 is adapted to break at least the responsive current phase ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 if the responsive current phase ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 carries an excessive current.
  • the striker armature 151 In the case of short circuit, the striker armature 151 will be attracted to the yoke 153 due to a rapidly increasing magnetic field caused by the excessive short circuit current.
  • the plunger 155 that is connected with the striker armature 151 transfers the motion of the striker armature 151 to the contact bridge 16 carrying the movable contact pieces 14, displacing the movable contacts pieces 14 from the respective stationary contact pieces 13 and thus disconnecting the current path.
  • a mechanical spring 180 located between the yoke 153 and the striker armature 151.
  • the operating point and thus also the current threshold required to open the contact pieces 13, 14 can be adjusted.
  • the spring 180 resets the position of the striker armature 151 by returning it back to its initial position after the current flow has been disrupted.
  • a contact spring 17 can be used to adjust the limit current which causes the current circuit to be limited.
  • a contact breaker of the prior art is in principle very similar to the current limiter 10, except that a contact breaker further comprises a locking mechanism that, after being activated, is adapted to keep the broken current phase or phases ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 broken until the locking mechanism being manually deactivated.
  • the simplest way to achieve this is to supply the contact breaker with a latching mechanism L which can latch a plunger 154 down to a displaced position so that it prevents with its shoulders 182 the contact bridge 16 from returning to make contact between the movable contact pieces 14 and the stationary contact pieces 13.
  • Figure 2 is a section of the current limiter of Figure 1 in direction III-III illustrating magnetic field lines for phase ⁇ 3.
  • the magnetic field lines of the coil 152 used to measure the current in phase ⁇ 3 penetrate into the next block where a similar coil 152 is used to measure the current in phase ⁇ 2.
  • the magnetic field lines that would be caused by the coil 152 used to measure the current in phase ⁇ 2 would, similarly, penetrate into the blocks for measuring currents in phases ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3, and the magnetic field lines that would be caused by the coil 152 used to measure the current in phase ⁇ 1 would penetrate into the block for measuring currents in phases ⁇ 2.
  • Cross-phase interference of the above kind may make the short-circuit release of a current limiter or of a circuit breaker to function improperly, or at least reduce the operational accuracy of the circuit breaker.
  • a possible consequence is that a current circuit will be not limited or broken despite it carrying an excessive current, or that a current circuit is limited or broken too early, i.e. despite it is not carrying an excessive current.
  • Figure 3 is a section of a current limiter 40 according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • the operating principle of the current limiter 40 is the same as that of the current limiter 10 shown in Figure 1.
  • the electromagnetic drive unit 15 has been replaced with an improved electromagnetic drive unit 415 that comprises in addition to the components shown in Figure 1 also a magnetic layer 400 that at least partly surrounds the coil 152 and the yoke 153.
  • the magnetic layer 400 may also at least partly cover the striker armature 151.
  • the magnetic layer 400 may show at least one opening O for the conductor wire W that is used to feed the coil 152.
  • the opening is matched to the size of the conductor wire W to reduce magnetic losses.
  • the magnetic layer 400 may comprise a synthetic material, especially a polymer.
  • the synthetic material may further comprise ferromagnetic powder or ferromagnetic fibers.
  • the magnetic layer 400 has a relative magnetic permeability ⁇ r ⁇ [30, 100].
  • the magnetic layer 400 can be a partial magnetic coating of a housing of the electromagnetic drive unit 415. If the electromagnetic drive unit 415 is comprised in the housing 18 of a current limiter 40, the housing of the electromagnetic drive unit 415 can be the housing of the current limiter 40.
  • Figure 4 shows sections of the current limiter of Figure 3 in direction III-III illustrating magnetic field lines.
  • An effect of the magnetic layer 400 is that the magnetic field lines penetrate into the magnetic layer which then forms an outer boundary for the magnetic field lines. This is suspected to improve the magnetic coupling between the yoke 153 and the striker armature 151.
  • the magnetic layer 400 may be located between the coils 152 that are used to measure the currents carried by different phases ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3.
  • the magnetic layers 400 are located only between the coils 152 for different ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP06020548A 2006-09-29 2006-09-29 Elektromagnetische Antriebseinheit und elektromagnetische Schaltvorrichtung Withdrawn EP1906427A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06020548A EP1906427A1 (de) 2006-09-29 2006-09-29 Elektromagnetische Antriebseinheit und elektromagnetische Schaltvorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06020548A EP1906427A1 (de) 2006-09-29 2006-09-29 Elektromagnetische Antriebseinheit und elektromagnetische Schaltvorrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1906427A1 true EP1906427A1 (de) 2008-04-02

Family

ID=37686084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06020548A Withdrawn EP1906427A1 (de) 2006-09-29 2006-09-29 Elektromagnetische Antriebseinheit und elektromagnetische Schaltvorrichtung

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP1906427A1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE626424C (de) * 1935-02-25 1936-02-26 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh Mehrpoliger elektromagnetischer Installationsselbstschalter
EP0515292A1 (de) * 1991-05-21 1992-11-25 Schneider Electric Sa Elektromagnetischer Auslöser für einen Schwachstromschalter
JPH05314883A (ja) * 1992-04-02 1993-11-26 Nec Corp 電磁継電器
JPH06103873A (ja) * 1992-09-22 1994-04-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 樹脂封止リレー
EP1083585A2 (de) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-14 ABBPATENT GmbH Elektromagnetischer Auslöser

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE626424C (de) * 1935-02-25 1936-02-26 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh Mehrpoliger elektromagnetischer Installationsselbstschalter
EP0515292A1 (de) * 1991-05-21 1992-11-25 Schneider Electric Sa Elektromagnetischer Auslöser für einen Schwachstromschalter
JPH05314883A (ja) * 1992-04-02 1993-11-26 Nec Corp 電磁継電器
JPH06103873A (ja) * 1992-09-22 1994-04-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 樹脂封止リレー
EP1083585A2 (de) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-14 ABBPATENT GmbH Elektromagnetischer Auslöser

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