EP1905245A1 - Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding video signal by extending application of directional intra-prediction - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding video signal by extending application of directional intra-predictionInfo
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- EP1905245A1 EP1905245A1 EP06835204A EP06835204A EP1905245A1 EP 1905245 A1 EP1905245 A1 EP 1905245A1 EP 06835204 A EP06835204 A EP 06835204A EP 06835204 A EP06835204 A EP 06835204A EP 1905245 A1 EP1905245 A1 EP 1905245A1
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- European Patent Office
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- blocks
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- prediction
- data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/30—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
Definitions
- Methods and apparatuses consistent with the present invention relate to video encoding and decoding, and more particularly to encoding and decoding a video signal by extending an application of directional intra-prediction.
- multimedia data which includes text, moving pictures (hereinafter referred to as 'video') and audio is typically large, mass storage media and wide bandwidths are required for storing and transmitting the data. Accordingly, compression coding techniques are required to transmit multimedia data.
- video compression methods can be classified into lossy/lossless compression, intraframe/interframe compression, and symmetric/asymmetric compression, depending on whether source data is lost, whether compression is independently performed for respective frames, and whether the same time is required for compression and reconstruction, respectively. In the case where frames have diverse resolutions, the corresponding compression is called scalable compression.
- Scalability is the ability of a decoder to selectively decode a base layer and an enhancement layer according to processing conditions and network conditions.
- fine granularity scalable (FGS) methods encode the base layer and the enhancement layer, and the enhancement layer may not be transmitted or decoded depending on the network transmission efficiency or the state of a decoder side. Accordingly, data can be properly transmitted according to the network transmission rate.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a scalable video codec using a multilayer structure.
- the base layer is in the Quarter Common Intermediate Format (QCIF) at 15 Hz (frame rate)
- the first enhancement layer is in the Common Intermediate Format (CIF) at 30 Hz
- the second enhancement layer is in the SD (Standard Definition) format at 60 Hz. If CIF 0.5 Mbps stream is required, the bit stream is truncated to obtain a bit rate of 0.5 Mbps based on a first enhancement layer having a CIF, a frame rate of 30 Hz and a bit rate of 0.7 Mbps.
- QCIF Quarter Common Intermediate Format
- CIF Common Intermediate Format
- SD Standard Definition
- FlG. 2 is a view schematically explaining the above-described three prediction methods.
- First ( ® ) intra-prediction is performed with respect to a certain macroblock 14 of the current frame 11
- second ( D ) inter-prediction is performed using a frame 12 that is at a temporal position different from that of the current frame 11
- third ( ® ) intra-BL prediction is performed using texture data for an area 16 of a base-layer frame 13 that corresponds to the macroblock 14. Disclosure of Invention
- the intra-BL prediction may be efficient in obtaining a reasonable performance according to the conventional intra-prediction technology.
- the unit of quantization for each layer in a multilayer structure may differ, and this may cause the type of data required for each layer to differ. In this case, a better performance can be obtained through the directional intra-prediction.
- an encoding and decoding method and an apparatus that performs an intra-prediction to match the characteristics of the multilayer are required.
- Exemplary embodiments of the present invention overcome the above disadvantages and other disadvantages not described above. Also, the present invention is not required to overcome the disadvantages described above, and an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may not overcome any of the problems described above.
- the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for encoding and decoding of an enhancement layer by directional intra-prediction using texture and symbol information of a base layer.
- the present invention also provides a method and an apparatus for extending directionality of directional intra-prediction using bits reduced according to the use of the information of the base layer.
- a method of performing directional intra-prediction when encoding video data which includes searching for a second block in a frame in order to predict information of a first block included in the video data from the second block existing in the same frame as the first block; calculating a residual between information of the second block and the information of the first block; and encoding the calculated residual, wherein the second block exists in a position adjacent to the first block, and the first block refers to the second block in a third direction existing between a first direction and a second direction which are adjacent to each other for use in the directional intra-prediction according to H.264 intra-prediction direction structure .
- a method of decoding video data encoded according to directional intra-prediction which includes decoding residual data of a first block included in the video data; predicting video information of the first block by referring to a second block included in the same frame as the first block; and restoring video information of the first block by adding the residual data and the predicted video information, wherein the second block exists in a position adjacent to the first block, and the first block refers to the second block in a third direction existing between a first direction and a second direction which are adjacent to each other for use in the directional intra-prediction.
- each of the first and second directions may correspond to one of eight H.264 intra-prediction directions
- a method of hierarchically encoding video data which includes quantizing data of a lower layer; calculating a first error range produced in the quantization process of the lower layer; and quantizing data of an enhancement layer.
- the quantization of the data of an enhancement layer is not performed with respect to a quantization area corresponding to the first error range, and the quantized data of the enhancement layer is disposed in an area having a second error range which does not overlap the first error range.
- a method of hierarchically decoding video data which includes dequantizing data of a lower layer; and dequantizing an upper layer which refers to the lower layer; wherein a second error range of the upper layer succeeds a first error range of the lower layer without overlapping the first error range.
- a video encoder for performing directional intra-prediction when encoding video data which includes a reference block prediction unit searching for a second block in a frame in order to predict information of a first block included in the video data from the second block existing in the same frame as the first block; and a residual encoding unit calculating a residual between information of the second block and the information of the first block, and encoding the residual, wherein the second block exists in a position adjacent to the first block, and the reference block prediction unit searches for the second block in a third direction existing between a first direction and a second direction which are adjacent to each other for use in the directional intra-prediction when searching for the second block which the first block refers to.
- a video decoder for decoding video data encoded according to directional intra-prediction which includes a residual decoding unit decoding residual data of a first block included in the video data; a directional intra-prediction unit predicting video information of the first block by referring to a second block included in a same frame as the first block; and a restoration unit restoring video information of the first block by adding the residual data and the predicted video information, wherein the second block is adjacent to the first block, and the first block refers to the second block in a third direction existing between a first direction and a second direction which are adjacent to each other for use in the directional intra-prediction.
- FlG. 1 is a view illustrating an example of a scalable video codec using a multilayer structure
- FlG. 2 is a view schematically explaining three prediction methods
- FIGS. 3 A and 3B are views explaining existing intraprediction directions and extended intra-prediction directions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FlG. 4 is a view explaining relations among blocks which are referred to based on an extended intra-prediction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FlG. 5 is a view explaining an example of prediction by giving weightings to blocks according to the extended intra-prediction as illustrated in FlG. 4;
- FlG. 6 is a view explaining the calculation of the most probable mode from plural adjacent blocks according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FlG. 7 is a view explaining the calculation of the most probable mode based on angles according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FlG. 8 is a view explaining an example of coding directional symbols based on in- formation re-evaluated using a texture of a base layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FlG. 9 is a view explaining an example of adjusting an error range that may be produced between layers according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FlG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FlG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a decoding process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FlG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a video encoder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FlG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a video decoder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer usable or computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer usable or computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the function specified in the flowchart block or blocks.
- FIGS. 3 A and 3B are views explaining existing intraprediction directions and extended intra-prediction directions according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- directions for the directional intra-prediction are extended as shown in FlG. 3B. In other words, directions for the extended intra- prediction shown as dashed lines in FlG. 3B are added among directions for the existing intra-prediction shown as solid lines in FlG. 3A.
- the directional intra-prediction proposed in the H.264 specifications has 9 directions including 8 directions as illustrated in the drawing and DC.
- the extended directional intra-prediction proposed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention adds 7 more directions, and thus the entire number of intra-prediction directions is 16. By adding information on intra-BL4 ' 4 to the 16 directions, the number of intra-prediction directions becomes 17 in total.
- the extended intra-prediction in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention information, which cannot be accurately indicated by the existing directionality, is indicated through the extended directionality, and thus the performance of the intra-prediction is improved.
- the intra-prediction can be applied in the case where the intra- BL for the base layer fails to have a high compression rate due to the difference in resolution or quantization size between the base layer and the enhancement layer.
- FlG. 4 is a view explaining relations among blocks that are referred to based on the extended intra-prediction as described above according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- Reference numeral 26 in FlG. 4 shows blocks that are referred to for the intra-prediction in the conventional H.264.
- adjacent blocks indicated as a reference numeral 28 in FlG. 4 are referred to according to the extended intra-prediction directions as shown in FlG. 3B. In this case, weightings must be given to adjacent pixels.
- Blocks 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, and 37 in FlG. 4, which include subblocks, show the relations among the adjacent pixels that are referred to during the extended intra-prediction.
- FlG. 4 which include subblocks
- the current pixel can be calculated by calculating the results from applying weight values to the adjacent pixels.
- the levels of weight values given to the adjacent pixels can be judged by areas occupied by the corresponding pixels, respectively, as shown in FlG. 5.
- pixels C and D affect a pixel 40.
- the reference numerals 41 and 42 indicate parts of the pixel 40 affected by the pixels C and D
- the reference numeral 43 indicates an overlapping part between the parts 41 and 42. Accordingly, the pixel 40 can be predicted by determining the contribution rate of the pixel parts 41 and 42 as 7:3, determining the contribution degree of the overlapping part 43 as 5, and then calculating (7 x C + 3 xD + 5) / 10.
- FlG. 6 is a view explaining the calculation of the most probable mode from plural adjacent blocks according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the value of the most probable mode is obtained as the minimum value of upper and left intra-prediction modes.
- diverse methods for obtaining the most probable mode value have been proposed.
- the most probable mode may have a median of A, B, and C, or a median of A, B, and D.
- the most probable mode may have a minimum value of A and B, or a value of A or B.
- the blocks to be referred to during the prediction are A, B, and C, or A, B, and D, a median thereof can be used, while if the blocks to be referred to are A and B, the H.264 prediction method can be used. If one block is to be used, the block can be the most probable mode.
- FlG. 7 is a view explaining the calculation of the most probable mode based on angles according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the most probable mode is calculated using three blocks.
- the most probable mode can be calculated based on the directions of the extended directional intra-prediction as described above.
- adjacent blocks may have the same or similar values.
- a left block A, upper block B, and upper right block C may be similar or be related to one another such as they corresponds to a mode 4, mode 5, and mode 6, respectively, in the intra-prediction.
- the encoding may be performed with respect to the difference between blocks A and B, instead of performing the encoding with respect to the modes 4, 5, and 6. Since the value of block B is larger than that of block A by 1 and the value of block C is larger than that of block B by 1, the size of data to be processed can be reduced by encoding such information regarding the adjacent blocks.
- FlG. 8 is a view explaining an example of coding directional symbols based on information revaluated using a texture of a base layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- bit costs for the search correspond to the differences between the neighboring textures of the current layer and the reconstructed textures of the base layer. If the directions that use the neighboring textures of the current layer are searched for, bit costs for all 17 directions (101 in FlG. 7) are compared with one another. For example, if the left block A corresponds to the mode 4 in the intra-prediction, the upper block B corresponds to the mode 5, and the upper right block C corresponds to the mode 6, '5' may be selected as the median of them. [50] The most probable mode is evaluated using the neighboring (e.g., upper, left, and upper right) textures of the current layer and texture information of the base layer that corresponds to the current layer.
- neighboring e.g., upper, left, and upper right
- the directions of the minimum bit cost are searched for using the neighboring textures of the current layer on the assumption that the reconstructed base-layer textures are the original textures.
- the bit costs for the search come from the differences between the neighboring textures of the current layer and the reconstructed base-layer textures. If the directions using the neighboring textures of the current layer are searched for, all 17 directions (including DC component and intraBL4 ' 4) are compared with one another using Equation (1).
- O B denotes the reconstructed base-layer textures
- P C denotes 17 di- rectional intra-predictions using the neighboring textures of the current layer.
- R is evaluated using a variable length coding (VLC) technique, and 1 is a constant. This construction can be seen in FIG. 8.
- VLC variable length coding
- each of the left block A, the upper block B, and the upper right block C provides four pixels, and the upper left block D provides one pixel, so that the total number of pixels becomes 13.
- FIG. 9 is a view explaining an example of adjusting an error range that may be produced between layers according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- multi-quantization is necessary for SNR, resolution, and temporal scalability.
- the quantization of the enhancement layer is performed in consideration of an error range of the quantization of the base layer.
- the quantization of the enhancement layer is subject to the error range of the base layer.
- the error range at the quantization step of the enhancement layer can succeed the error range of the base layer without overlapping it.
- the entire bit size to be encoded can be reduced by making the error range of the base layer be allocated with no bit.
- bits may be allocated to '+1' and
- the bit size to be encoded is reduced from two bits to one bit.
- the quantization of the enhancement layer in an area included in the error range of the base layer, the quantization of the enhancement layer is not performed. As a result, the quantization is performed through '-1', 1 O', and '+1On the base layer, while the quantization is performed through the allocation of '0' and '+1' only, without allocating '-I 1 , on the enhancement layer.
- FIG. 9 shows a case where one enhancement layer is quantized for the base layer, the bits included in the quantization are gradually decreased, and this greatly affects the whole encoding efficiency.
- the encoding bits of the current layer can be reduced by combining the range of the quantization bits of the enhancement layer. Also, by improving the playback sequence quality of the current layer, a better base layer can be provided for an upper enhancement layer. This gain can be propagated from the base layer to the uppermost layer.
- FlG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- blocks that can produce predicted data based on the extended directional intra-prediction directions are searched for S 102.
- the extended directions include 17 directional intra-predictions as described above. If two or more prediction blocks, which are to be referred to, exist S 104, weight values for overlapping or affecting parts of the respective blocks are calculated S 106. Then, predicted data is generated based on the reference block S 108. If the predicted data is generated, a residual between the original data of the block to be encoded and the predicted data is calculated SIlO. The, the calculated residual data is encoded Sl 12.
- the extended directional intra-prediction directions in step S 102 are searched from the adjacent blocks, and exist among the directions proposed in the existing H.264 specifications. In this case, if two or more blocks are used for the prediction, weight values are given for the adjacent blocks according to their sizes affecting the blocks to be encoded, and data for predicting the blocks to be encoded is generated.
- FlG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a decoding process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the most probable mode value is decoded.
- the process of determining the most probable mode value may differ according to the referred adjacent blocks as described above.
- FlG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a video encoder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The video encoder will now be explained around the encoding part of the current layer. The video encoder
- 500 includes a reference block prediction unit 310, a predicted data generation unit
- the reference block prediction unit 310 searches for a second block in a frame in order to predict information of a first block included in the video data from the second block that exists in the same frame as the first block.
- the first block is data to be encoded
- the second block is a reference block that generates the predicted data.
- the residual data generation unit 330 calculates the residual between information included in the searched second block and the information included in the first block.
- the quantization unit 340 quantizes the calculated residual, and the entropy coding unit 350 performs a lossless compression by performing an entropy-coding of the quantized residual.
- the residual data generation unit 330, the quantization unit 340, and the entropy coding unit 350 may constitute a residual encoding part.
- the reference block prediction unit 310 searches the second block in a third direction existing between a first direction and a second direction that are adjacent to each other for use in the H.264 directional intra-prediction when searching the second block that the first block refers to.
- the predicted data generation unit 320 If two or more second blocks exist, the predicted data generation unit 320 generates data for predicting the first block by giving weight values to parts of the second blocks that affect the first block.
- the residual data generation unit 330 generates the most probable mode value.
- the residual data generation unit 330 refers to blocks adjacent to the first block in order to select the most probable mode value, and obtains residual values among the referred blocks, which exist according to the first, second, or third direction.
- the most probable mode value may be a median value of the left, upper, and upper right adjacent blocks of the first block, or may be a median value of the left, upper left, and upper adjacent blocks, as shown in FlG. 7.
- FlG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a video decoder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The video decoder will now be explained around the decoding part of the current layer.
- a residual decoding unit 610 decodes residual data of the first block included in the residual stream.
- the first block is a block to be decoded.
- a directional intra-prediction unit 630 refers to the second block, and predicts video information of the first block included in the same frame as the second block.
- the directional intra-prediction unit refers to neighboring blocks in order to perform the directional intra-prediction.
- a restoration unit 640 restores the video information of the first block by adding the residual data and the predicted data.
- the directional intra-prediction unit 630 predicts directions including the above-described extended directions.
- the directional intra-prediction unit 630 generates data for predicting the first block by giving weight values to parts of the second blocks that affect the first block.
- an accurate prediction can be performed during the directional intra- prediction.
- the encoding efficiency can be increased by reducing the size of the residual with reference to information of more adjacent blocks when the most probable mode value is set.
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US70103705P | 2005-07-21 | 2005-07-21 | |
KR1020050110274A KR100678911B1 (en) | 2005-07-21 | 2005-11-17 | Method and apparatus for video signal encoding and decoding with extending directional intra prediction |
PCT/KR2006/002881 WO2007032600A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 | 2006-07-21 | Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding video signal by extending application of directional intra-prediction |
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EP1905245A4 EP1905245A4 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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TWI415478B (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2013-11-11 | Nippon Telegraph & Telephone | Image encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus, image encoding method and decoding method, programs therefor, and storage media for storing the programs |
KR20090095316A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-09 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for image intra prediction |
US8902978B2 (en) | 2010-05-30 | 2014-12-02 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Enhanced intra prediction mode signaling |
KR20130049523A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-14 | 오수미 | Apparatus for generating intra prediction block |
US9247242B2 (en) | 2012-07-09 | 2016-01-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Skip transform and residual coding mode extension for difference domain intra prediction |
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WO2003101117A1 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods and systems for image intra-prediction mode estimation, communication, and organization |
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WO2003101117A1 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods and systems for image intra-prediction mode estimation, communication, and organization |
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JVT: "Core experiment 7: Enhancement layer intra prediction", ITU STUDY GROUP 16 - VIDEO CODING EXPERTS GROUP -ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 AND ITU-T SG16 Q6), XX, XX, no. JVT-O307r1, 1 July 2005 (2005-07-01), XP030006035, * |
PENG YIN ET AL: "Technical description of Thomson's proposal for SVC CE7: spatial intra prediction on enhancement layer residue", ITU STUDY GROUP 16 - VIDEO CODING EXPERTS GROUP -ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 AND ITU-T SG16 Q6), XX, XX, no. M12064, 29 April 2005 (2005-04-29), XP030040772, * |
REICHEL J ET AL: "Joint Scalable Video Model JSVM 0", JOINT VIDEO TEAM (JVT) OF ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 AND ITU-T SG16 Q6), XX, XX, 17 January 2005 (2005-01-17), pages 1-73, XP002345849, * |
See also references of WO2007032600A1 * |
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