EP1897111B1 - Contact system, especially for a switchgear - Google Patents

Contact system, especially for a switchgear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1897111B1
EP1897111B1 EP06763705A EP06763705A EP1897111B1 EP 1897111 B1 EP1897111 B1 EP 1897111B1 EP 06763705 A EP06763705 A EP 06763705A EP 06763705 A EP06763705 A EP 06763705A EP 1897111 B1 EP1897111 B1 EP 1897111B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contact point
contact system
hinge shaft
point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP06763705A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1897111A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Soukup
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1897111A1 publication Critical patent/EP1897111A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1897111B1 publication Critical patent/EP1897111B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H01H1/205—Details concerning the elastic mounting of the rotating bridge in the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2016—Bridging contacts in which the two contact pairs commutate at substantially different moments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/102—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by special mounting of contact arm, allowing blow-off movement
    • H01H77/104—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by special mounting of contact arm, allowing blow-off movement with a stable blow-off position

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contact system for closing and opening a current path.
  • current path is understood in particular to be a pole path of a single-pole or multi-pole switching and / or protective device, in particular a circuit breaker, for switching a load.
  • Such a contact system usually comprises at least one contact having a moving contact and a fixed contact, which enables a manual closing and opening of a current path via a switching mechanism.
  • the contact system reacts, in particular when used in a circuit breaker, in overcurrent or short circuit with a thermally-magnetically or electronically indicated automatic overcurrent trip, as a result of a power-operated contact opening of the at least one contact point within the current path.
  • high Abschaltrus executed in the opening region of the contact point in the form of so-called extinguishing plates arc quenching chambers.
  • two contact points can be provided in a contact system, the moving contacts are switched synchronously via a contact bridge relative to the associated fixed contacts. So is out of the DE 198 36 549 A1 a translationally displaceable for closing and opening the contact points contact bridge provided with the moving contacts are moved simultaneously in the closed or open position.
  • a contact system with a rotatably moving contact bridge for also simultaneous actuation of the moving contacts of both contact points is from the EP 0 538 149 B1 known.
  • EP 1 109 189 A2 discloses a contact system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a particularly suitable contact system with two contact points.
  • a pivotable about a hinge axis contact bridge is provided, wherein the hinge axis is slidably disposed in the opening direction of the contact points along a web guide.
  • the hinge axis is slidably disposed in the opening direction of the contact points along a web guide.
  • first contact point opens while an opposite second contact point is closed.
  • second contact point is closed.
  • the contact bridge is coupled with a switch lock via a shift lever which is displaceable along the web guide.
  • the shift lever engages the bridge side on the hinge axis.
  • the hinge axis can in principle be arranged on the shift lever, while then the expediently designed as a slot-like backdrop, hereinafter also referred to as a guide slot web guide is provided on the contact crutch.
  • the guide slot on the shift lever and the hinge axis are provided on the contact bridge. coupled and.
  • the guide slot forming the web guide has two mutually spaced and - with respect to the opening direction of the contact points - on opposite bearing edges.
  • a first (upper) abutment edge of the web guide constitutes a pressure stop, against which the joint axis rests when the first contact point is closed.
  • a first spring element acts as a compression spring, expediently in the region of the joint axis, on the contact bridge. For operational opening only the first contact point of this spring element then acts as a tension spring.
  • a second (lower) abutment edge of the web guide represents a pull stop on which the hinge axis rests when the first contact point is open. This Buchanschlag is effective in overcurrent or short circuit as a fixed bearing for the hinge axis.
  • the second contact point is always closed during operational opening of the first contact point.
  • a second spring element engages in an expedient embodiment on the second contact point, which acts on the corresponding moving contact in its closed position with a spring force.
  • the force acting in the closing direction of the second contact point spring force is preferably greater than the tensile force of the first spring element.
  • a pivot or pivot bearing is formed at the second contact point.
  • the moving contact of the second contact point has a curved or hemispherical contact surface.
  • the lever arm formed between the hinge axis and the moving contact of the first contact point is longer than the lever arm formed opposite the contact bridge and formed between the hinge axis and the moving contact of the second contact point.
  • the fixed contact of the respective contact point is arranged on a the associated moving contact facing rail leg of a busbar, which is for example U-shaped.
  • a busbar By means of the busbar, in particular due to their shape, a reversal of the current direction within the busbars is effected at at least one contact point, but preferably at both contact points.
  • the force acting on the second contact point spring element is dimensioned such that its spring or restoring force is smaller than the dynamic forces occurring in overcurrent or short circuit.
  • the contact system is particularly suitable for single-pole and multi-pole switching devices used in AC networks or compact circuit breakers with rated currents of, for example, 10 A to 2500 A and high breaking capacities of 20 kA and higher.
  • the opening area of each contact point is assigned a quenching chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows a switching and / or protective device, such as a modular compact power circuit breaker 1, with a contact system 2 that is coupled via a shift lever 3 with a switching mechanism 4.
  • a switching and / or protective device such as a modular compact power circuit breaker 1
  • a contact system 2 that is coupled via a shift lever 3 with a switching mechanism 4.
  • the contact system 2 for closing and opening a rudimentary only 5 shown in the flow path 5 can be manually operated by means of an actuating lever or a rocker switch in a manner not shown.
  • the circuit breaker 2 further comprises a trip unit 6.
  • the current path 5 leads within the contact system 2 to a busbar 7 of a first contact point K1 and opposite to a further busbar 8 of a second contact point K2.
  • an extinguishing chamber 9 or 10 formed from so-called extinguishing plates is provided in each case.
  • the two busbars 7 and 8 are each U-shaped bent to form one of the respective contact points K1, K2 facing the first rail leg 7a, 8a and one of the respective contact point K1, K2 facing away from the rail leg 7b and 8b U-shaped.
  • the each of the contact point K1, K2 facing rail leg 7a and 8a carries on the outside each have a fixed contact 11a, 12a of the contact point K1 and K2.
  • the contact point K1, K2 respectively assigned moving contact 11b, 12b is held at a respective bridge end 13 and 14 of a contact bridge 15 of the contact system 2.
  • the contact bridge 15 has a hinge axis 16 in the region between the two moving contacts 11b and 12b. This is guided along a web guide 17, which is a slot-like Recess in the shift lever 3 in the region of the contact bridge 15 facing the lever end 18 is introduced.
  • the contact bridge 15 is shown by a solid line in the closed operating case, in which both the first contact point K1 and the second contact point K2 is closed. Shown in dashed lines is the contact bridge 15 on the one hand in the normal operating case with open contact point K1 and closed contact point K2 and on the other hand in case of short circuit with open contact point K1 and K2 open contact point.
  • the shift lever 3 is in different displacement positions along the below also referred to as displacement opening or. Closing direction 19.
  • FIG. 2 engages at the second contact point K2 on this facing lever arm 14 of the contact bridge 15 on the corresponding moving contact 12b facing bridge side running in the embodiment as a compression spring (second) spring element 20 at.
  • Another (first) spring element 21 is fixed with its spring ends on the one hand on the shift lever 3 and on the other hand on the hinge axis 16.
  • This spring element 21 acts in the in FIG. 2 shown closed position P1 of the contact bridge 15 on the connected thereto hinge axis 16 as a compression spring. In this position P1, the articulation axis 16 bears against a contact contour 22, which acts as a pressure stop, of the guide slot 17 forming the web guide.
  • the spring element 21 acts as a tension spring.
  • the hinge axis 16 is located on an abutment or sliding block contour 22 opposite and acting as a train stop system or backdrop contour 23 of the guide slot 17.
  • the contact point K2 forms a rotary or pivot bearing for the contact bridge 15.
  • the moving contact 12b of the second contact point K2 is the moving contact 12b of the second contact point K2 in the region the fixed contact 12a facing contact surface arched or hemispherical curved.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate the contact opening of both contact points K1 and K2 in the case of short circuit or overcurrent.
  • Such in comparison to the normal operating case many times higher Kur gleichstrom caused due to the U-shaped configuration of the busbars 7 and 8 generated reversal of the current direction - as symbolized by the arrows in the region of the busbars 7, 8 - at the contact points K1 and K2 corresponding dynamic forces F1, F2 in the opening direction 19 of the moving contacts 11b and 12b.
  • the contact point K1 opens, as a result of which the articulation axis 16 abuts against the pull stop 23 along the path guide 17.
  • the second contact point K2 closes automatically as a result of the spring force of the spring element 20 acting as a compression spring.
  • the lever arms H1 or H2 of the contact bridge 15 formed between the first contact point K1 and the articulation axis 16 and between the latter and the second contact point K2 can have different lengths.
  • the lever arm H1 is longer than the lever arm H2.
  • the spring elements 21 and 20 acting on the articulation axis 16 and on the second contact point K2, in conjunction with the contact bridge 15 and their lever arms H1 and H2, represent a lever arm construction for transmitting power.
  • This lever arm system or this lever arm construction initially enables the permanent closed position of one of the contact points K1, K2 in the case of operation on the one hand and the reliable opening of both contact points K1 and K2 in the event of a short circuit.
  • a contact system 2 for implementing a double interruption of the contact points K1, K2 in the event of a short circuit and a single interruption, in particular the first contact points K1, provided in the operating case.
  • Such a contact system 1 is therefore particularly suitable for a compact circuit breaker 1 for switching and overcurrent tripping and thus to protect high-performance system components, eg. B. an engine.
  • a contact system 2 equipped circuit breaker 1 is therefore particularly suitable for connection to other system components within a complex power distribution system.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Kontaktsystem zum Schließen und zum Öffnen eines Strompfades. Unter Strompfad wird hierbei insbesondere ein Polpfad eines ein- oder mehrpoligen Schalt- und/oder Schutzgerätes, insbesondere eines Leistungsschalters, zum Schalten einer Last verstanden.The invention relates to a contact system for closing and opening a current path. In this case, current path is understood in particular to be a pole path of a single-pole or multi-pole switching and / or protective device, in particular a circuit breaker, for switching a load.

Ein derartiges Kontaktsystem umfasst üblicherweise mindestens eine einen Bewegkontakt und einen Festkontakt aufweisende Kontaktstelle, die über ein Schaltschloss ein manuelles Schließen und Öffnen eines Strompfades ermöglicht. Zusätzlich zur manuellen Schaltfunktion reagiert das Kontaktsystem, insbesondere bei deren Verwendung in einem Leistungsschalter, im Überstrom- oder Kurzschlussfall mit einer thermisch-magnetisch oder elektronisch indizierten automatischen Überstromauslösung, infolge dessen eine fremdkraftbetätigte Kontaktöffnung der zumindest einen Kontaktstelle innerhalb des Strompfades erfolgt. Zur Beherrschung von hohen Abschaltleistungen sind im Öffnungsbereich der Kontaktstelle in Form von so genannten Löschplatten ausgeführte Lichtbogen-Löschkammern vorgesehen.Such a contact system usually comprises at least one contact having a moving contact and a fixed contact, which enables a manual closing and opening of a current path via a switching mechanism. In addition to the manual switching function, the contact system reacts, in particular when used in a circuit breaker, in overcurrent or short circuit with a thermally-magnetically or electronically indicated automatic overcurrent trip, as a result of a power-operated contact opening of the at least one contact point within the current path. To control high Abschaltleistungen executed in the opening region of the contact point in the form of so-called extinguishing plates arc quenching chambers.

Auch können in einem Kontaktsystem zwei Kontaktstellen vorgesehen sein, deren Bewegkontakte über eine Kontaktbrücke synchron relativ zu den zugeordneten Festkontakten geschaltet werden. So ist aus der DE 198 36 549 A1 eine zum Schließen und zum Öffnen der Kontaktstellen translatorisch verschiebbare Kontaktbrücke vorgesehen, mit der die Bewegkontakte zeitgleich in die Schließ- bzw. Öffnungsstellung bewegt werden. Ein Kontaktsystem mit einer rotatorisch bewegten Kontaktbrücke zur ebenfalls gleichzeitigen Betätigung der Bewegkontakte beider Kontaktstellen ist aus der EP 0 538 149 B1 bekannt.Also, two contact points can be provided in a contact system, the moving contacts are switched synchronously via a contact bridge relative to the associated fixed contacts. So is out of the DE 198 36 549 A1 a translationally displaceable for closing and opening the contact points contact bridge provided with the moving contacts are moved simultaneously in the closed or open position. A contact system with a rotatably moving contact bridge for also simultaneous actuation of the moving contacts of both contact points is from the EP 0 538 149 B1 known.

EP 1 109 189 A2 offenbart ein kontaktsystem gemäß dem oberbegriff des Auspruchs 1. EP 1 109 189 A2 discloses a contact system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein besonders geeignetes Kontaktsystem mit zwei Kontaktstellen anzugeben.The invention is based on the object of specifying a particularly suitable contact system with two contact points.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1. Dazu ist eine um eine Gelenkachse schwenkbare Kontaktbrücke vorgesehen, bei der die Gelenkachse in Öffnungsrichtung der Kontaktstellen entlang einer Bahnführung verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Dabei öffnet im Betriebsfall lediglich eine erste Kontaktstelle, während eine gegenüberliegende zweite Kontaktstelle geschlossen ist. Im Überstrom-und/oder Kurzschlussfall öffnen sowohl die erste Kontaktstelle als auch die zweite Kontaktstelle.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. For this purpose, a pivotable about a hinge axis contact bridge is provided, wherein the hinge axis is slidably disposed in the opening direction of the contact points along a web guide. In the operating case, only a first contact point opens while an opposite second contact point is closed. In the event of an overcurrent and / or short circuit, both the first contact point and the second contact point open.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante ist die Kontaktbrücke über einen entlang der Bahnführung verschiebbaren Schalthebel mit einem Schaltschloss gekoppelt. Dazu greift der Schalthebel brückenseitig an der Gelenkachse an. Zwar kann die Gelenkachse prinzipiell am Schalthebel angeordnet sein, während dann die zweckmäßigerweise als langlochartige Kulisse ausgeführte, nachfolgend auch als Führungskulisse bezeichnete Bahnführung an der Kontaktkrücke vorgesehen ist. Vorzugsweise sind jedoch die Führungskulisse am Schalthebel und die Gelenkachse an der Kontaktbrücke vorgesehen. gekoppelten und.According to a preferred variant, the contact bridge is coupled with a switch lock via a shift lever which is displaceable along the web guide. For this purpose, the shift lever engages the bridge side on the hinge axis. Although the hinge axis can in principle be arranged on the shift lever, while then the expediently designed as a slot-like backdrop, hereinafter also referred to as a guide slot web guide is provided on the contact crutch. Preferably, however, the guide slot on the shift lever and the hinge axis are provided on the contact bridge. coupled and.

Die die Bahnführung bildende Führungskulisse weist zwei zueinander beabstandete und - bezogen auf die Öffnungsrichtung der Kontaktstellen - einander gegenüberliegende Anlagekanten auf. Dabei stellt eine erste (obere) Anlagekante der Bahnführung einen Druckanschlag dar, an dem die Gelenkachse bei geschlossener erster Kontaktstelle anliegt. In diesem Betriebsfall mit geschlossener erster und zweiter Kontaktstelle wirkt ein erstes Federelement als Druckfeder, zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich der Gelenkachse, auf die Kontaktbrücke. Zum betriebsmäßigen Öffnen lediglich der ersten Kontaktstelle wirkt dieses Federelement dann als Zugfeder.The guide slot forming the web guide has two mutually spaced and - with respect to the opening direction of the contact points - on opposite bearing edges. In this case, a first (upper) abutment edge of the web guide constitutes a pressure stop, against which the joint axis rests when the first contact point is closed. In this case of operation with closed first and second contact point, a first spring element acts as a compression spring, expediently in the region of the joint axis, on the contact bridge. For operational opening only the first contact point of this spring element then acts as a tension spring.

Eine zweite (untere) Anlagekante der Bahnführung stellt einen Zuganschlag dar, an dem die Gelenkachse bei geöffneter erster Kontaktstelle anliegt. Dieser Zuganschlag ist im Überstrom- bzw. Kurzschlussfall als Festlager für die Gelenkachse wirksam.A second (lower) abutment edge of the web guide represents a pull stop on which the hinge axis rests when the first contact point is open. This Zuganschlag is effective in overcurrent or short circuit as a fixed bearing for the hinge axis.

Entsprechend einem wesentlichen Aspekt der Erfindung ist beim betriebsmäßigen Öffnen der ersten Kontaktstelle die zweite Kontaktstelle stets geschlossen. Hierzu greift in zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung an der zweiten Kontaktstelle ein zweites Federelement an, das den entsprechenden Bewegkontakt in dessen Schließstellung mit einer Federkraft beaufschlagt. Die in Schließrichtung der zweiten Kontaktstelle wirkende Federkraft ist vorzugsweise größer als die Zugkraft des ersten Federelementes. Um ein einfaches und zuverlässiges Öffnen und Schließen der ersten Kontaktstelle im störungsfreien Betriebsfall zu ermöglichen, ist an der zweiten Kontaktstelle ein Schwenk-oder Drehlager gebildet. Hierzu weist der Bewegkontakt der zweiten Kontaktstelle eine gewölbte oder halbkugelförmige Kontaktfläche aufweist.According to an essential aspect of the invention, the second contact point is always closed during operational opening of the first contact point. For this purpose, a second spring element engages in an expedient embodiment on the second contact point, which acts on the corresponding moving contact in its closed position with a spring force. The force acting in the closing direction of the second contact point spring force is preferably greater than the tensile force of the first spring element. In order to enable a simple and reliable opening and closing of the first contact point in trouble-free operation, a pivot or pivot bearing is formed at the second contact point. For this purpose, the moving contact of the second contact point has a curved or hemispherical contact surface.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist der zwischen der Gelenkachse und dem Bewegkontakt der ersten Kontaktstelle gebildete Hebelarm länger als der entlang der Kontaktbrücke gegenüberliegende, zwischen der Gelenkachse und dem Bewegkontakt der zweiten Kontaktstelle gebildete Hebelarm.In a preferred embodiment, the lever arm formed between the hinge axis and the moving contact of the first contact point is longer than the lever arm formed opposite the contact bridge and formed between the hinge axis and the moving contact of the second contact point.

Der Festkontakt der jeweiligen Kontaktstelle ist an einem dem zugeordneten Bewegkontakt zugewandten Schienenschenkel einer Stromschiene angeordnet, die beispielsweise U-förmig ausgebildet ist. Mittels der Stromschiene, insbesondere aufgrund deren Formgebung, wird an zumindest einer Kontaktstelle, bevorzugt jedoch an beiden Kontaktstellen, eine Umkehrung der Stromrichtung innerhalb der Stromschienen bewirkt. Dies führt im Überstrom- bzw. Kurzschlussfall an der jeweiligen Kontaktstelle zu einer dynamischen Strom- und Magnetkraft mit abstoßender Wirkung zum den entsprechenden Bewegkontakt tragenden Hebelarm der Kontaktbrücke. Das auf die zweite Kontaktstelle wirkende Federelement ist dabei derart bemessen, dass dessen Feder- oder Rückstellkraft kleiner ist als die im Überstrom- bzw. Kurzschlussfall auftretenden dynamischen Kräfte.The fixed contact of the respective contact point is arranged on a the associated moving contact facing rail leg of a busbar, which is for example U-shaped. By means of the busbar, in particular due to their shape, a reversal of the current direction within the busbars is effected at at least one contact point, but preferably at both contact points. This leads in overcurrent or short circuit case at the respective contact point to a dynamic current and magnetic force with repulsive effect to the corresponding moving contact bearing Lever arm of the contact bridge. The force acting on the second contact point spring element is dimensioned such that its spring or restoring force is smaller than the dynamic forces occurring in overcurrent or short circuit.

Bei einer aufgrund dieser dynamischen Kräfte bedingten Auslösung der Schutzfunktion des Kontaktsystems schlägt die Gelenkachse am Zuganschlag der Bahnführung an. In Folge dessen entsteht für die Gelenkachse ein Festlager, um welches die Kontaktbrücke automatisch in Öffnungsrichtung der Kontaktstellen verschwenkt.In a conditional on these dynamic forces triggering the protective function of the contact system proposes the hinge axis on the cable stop of the web guide. As a result, arises for the hinge axis, a fixed bearing about which pivots the contact bridge automatically in the opening direction of the contact points.

Das Kontaktsystem eignet sich besonders für ein- und mehrpolige, in Wechselstromnetzen eingesetzte Schaltgeräte oder Kompakt-Leistungsschalter mit Nennströmen von beispielsweise 10 A bis 2500 A sowie mit hohen Abschaltleistungen von 20 kA und höherer Leistung. Dabei ist dem Öffnungsbereich jeder Kontaktstelle eine Löschkammer zugeordnet.The contact system is particularly suitable for single-pole and multi-pole switching devices used in AC networks or compact circuit breakers with rated currents of, for example, 10 A to 2500 A and high breaking capacities of 20 kA and higher. In this case, the opening area of each contact point is assigned a quenching chamber.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:

FIG 1
schematisch innerhalb eines Leistungsschalters ein Kontaktsystem mit unterschiedlichen Schaltpositionen einer Kontaktbrücke an zwei Kontaktstellen,
FIG 2
das Kontaktsystem im Betriebsfall mit geschlossenen Kontaktstellen,
FIG 3
das Kontaktsystem im Betriebsfall mit einer geöffneten und einer geschlossenen Kontaktstelle,
FIG 4
das Kontaktsystem im Kurzschlussfall mit sich öffnenden Kontaktstellen, und
FIG 5
das Kontaktsystem im Kurzschlussfall mit vollständig geöffneten Kontaktstellen.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Show:
FIG. 1
schematically within a circuit breaker a contact system with different switching positions of a contact bridge at two contact points,
FIG. 2
the contact system in case of operation with closed contact points,
FIG. 3
the contact system in the case of operation with an open and a closed contact point,
FIG. 4
the contact system in case of short circuit with opening contact points, and
FIG. 5
the contact system in the event of a short circuit with fully open contact points.

Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

FIG 1 zeigt ein Schalt- und/oder Schutzgerät, beispielsweise einen modular aufgebauten Kompakt-Leistungsschalter 1, mit einem Kontaktsystem 2, dass über einen Schalthebel 3 mit einem Schaltschloss 4 gekoppelt ist. Über das Schaltschloss 4 kann in nicht näher dargestellter Art und Weise mittels eines Betätigungshebels oder einer Schaltwippe das Kontaktsystem 2 zum Schließen und Öffnen eines nur ansatzweise dargestellten Strompfades 5 manuell betätigt werden. Der Leistungsschalter 2 umfasst des Weiteren eine Auslöseeinheit 6. FIG. 1 shows a switching and / or protective device, such as a modular compact power circuit breaker 1, with a contact system 2 that is coupled via a shift lever 3 with a switching mechanism 4. About the switch latch 4, the contact system 2 for closing and opening a rudimentary only 5 shown in the flow path 5 can be manually operated by means of an actuating lever or a rocker switch in a manner not shown. The circuit breaker 2 further comprises a trip unit 6.

Der Strompfad 5 führt innerhalb des Kontaktsystems 2 an eine Stromschiene 7 einer ersten Kontaktstelle K1 und gegenüberliegend an eine weitere Stromschiene 8 einer zweiten Kontaktstelle K2. Im Öffnungsbereich der beiden Kontaktstellen K1 und K2 ist jeweils eine aus so genannten Löschplatten gebildete Löschkammer 9 bzw. 10 vorgesehen. Die beiden Stromschienen 7 und 8 sind jeweils U-förmig unter Bildung eines der jeweiligen Kontaktstellen K1, K2 zugewandten ersten Schienenschenkels 7a,8a und eines der jeweiligen Kontaktstelle K1, K2 abgewandten Schienenschenkels 7b bzw. 8b U-förmig gebogen. Der der jeweiligen Kontaktstelle K1, K2 zugewandte Schienenschenkel 7a bzw. 8a trägt außenseitig jeweils einen Festkontakt 11a, 12a der Kontaktstelle K1 bzw. K2. Der dieser Kontaktstelle K1, K2 jeweils zugeordnete Bewegkontakt 11b, 12b ist jeweils an einem Brückenende 13 bzw. 14 einer Kontaktbrücke 15 des Kontaktsystems 2 gehalten.The current path 5 leads within the contact system 2 to a busbar 7 of a first contact point K1 and opposite to a further busbar 8 of a second contact point K2. In the opening region of the two contact points K1 and K2, an extinguishing chamber 9 or 10 formed from so-called extinguishing plates is provided in each case. The two busbars 7 and 8 are each U-shaped bent to form one of the respective contact points K1, K2 facing the first rail leg 7a, 8a and one of the respective contact point K1, K2 facing away from the rail leg 7b and 8b U-shaped. The each of the contact point K1, K2 facing rail leg 7a and 8a carries on the outside each have a fixed contact 11a, 12a of the contact point K1 and K2. The contact point K1, K2 respectively assigned moving contact 11b, 12b is held at a respective bridge end 13 and 14 of a contact bridge 15 of the contact system 2.

Die Kontaktbrücke 15 weist im Bereich zwischen den beiden Bewegkontakten 11b und 12b eine Gelenkachse 16 auf. Diese ist entlang einer Bahnführung 17 geführt, die als langlochartige Ausnehmung in den Schalthebel 3 im Bereich dessen der Kontaktbrücke 15 zugewandten Hebelende 18 eingebracht ist.The contact bridge 15 has a hinge axis 16 in the region between the two moving contacts 11b and 12b. This is guided along a web guide 17, which is a slot-like Recess in the shift lever 3 in the region of the contact bridge 15 facing the lever end 18 is introduced.

In FIG 1 ist die Kontaktbrücke 15 mit durchgezogener Linie im geschlossenen Betriebsfall dargestellt, bei dem sowohl die erste Kontaktstelle K1 als auch die zweite Kontaktstelle K2 geschlossen ist. Strichliniert dargestellt ist die Kontaktbrücke 15 einerseits im normalen Betriebsfall bei geöffneter Kontaktstelle K1 und geschlossener Kontaktstelle K2 sowie andererseits im Kurzschlussfall bei geöffneter Kontaktstelle K1 sowie geöffneter Kontaktstelle K2. Je nach Stellung oder Position der Kontaktbrücke 15 befindet sich der Schalthebel 3 in unterschiedlichen Verschiebepositionen entlang der nachfolgend auch als Verschieberichtung bezeichneten Öffnungs-bzw. Schließrichtung 19.In FIG. 1 the contact bridge 15 is shown by a solid line in the closed operating case, in which both the first contact point K1 and the second contact point K2 is closed. Shown in dashed lines is the contact bridge 15 on the one hand in the normal operating case with open contact point K1 and closed contact point K2 and on the other hand in case of short circuit with open contact point K1 and K2 open contact point. Depending on the position or position of the contact bridge 15, the shift lever 3 is in different displacement positions along the below also referred to as displacement opening or. Closing direction 19.

Diese unterschiedlichen Positionen, nämlich die Position P1 des Schalthebels 3 und damit der Gelenkachse 16 für die geschlossene Stellung beider Kontaktstellen K1, K2 sowie die Position P2 des Schalthebels 3 bzw. der Gelenkachse 16 bei geöffneter Kontaktstelle K1 und geschlossener Kontaktstelle K2 im normalen Betriebsfall ist in FIG 2 und 3 veranschaulicht.These different positions, namely the position P1 of the shift lever 3 and thus the hinge axis 16 for the closed position of both contact points K1, K2 and the position P2 of the shift lever 3 and the hinge axis 16 with the contact point K1 open and closed contact point K2 in normal operation is in FIG. 2 and 3 illustrated.

Gemäß der Ausführungsform nach FIG 2 greift an der zweiten Kontaktstelle K2 am dieser zugewandten Hebelarm 14 der Kontaktbrücke 15 auf der dem entsprechenden Bewegkontakt 12b gewandten Brückenseite ein im Ausführungsbeispiel als Druckfeder ausgeführtes (zweites) Federelement 20 an. Ein weiteres (erstes) Federelement 21 ist mit dessen Federenden einerseits am Schalthebel 3 und andererseits an der Gelenkachse 16 befestigt. Dieses Federelement 21 wirkt in der in FIG 2 dargestellten geschlossenen Position P1 der Kontaktbrücke 15 auf die mit dieser verbundene Gelenkachse 16 als Druckfeder. In dieser Position P1 liegt die Gelenkachse 16 an einer als Druckanschlag wirksamen Anlagekontur 22 der die Bahnführung bildenden Führungskulisse 17 an.According to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 engages at the second contact point K2 on this facing lever arm 14 of the contact bridge 15 on the corresponding moving contact 12b facing bridge side running in the embodiment as a compression spring (second) spring element 20 at. Another (first) spring element 21 is fixed with its spring ends on the one hand on the shift lever 3 and on the other hand on the hinge axis 16. This spring element 21 acts in the in FIG. 2 shown closed position P1 of the contact bridge 15 on the connected thereto hinge axis 16 as a compression spring. In this position P1, the articulation axis 16 bears against a contact contour 22, which acts as a pressure stop, of the guide slot 17 forming the web guide.

In der in FIG 3 dargestellten Position P2 der Gelenkachse 16 wirkt das Federelement 21 als Zugfeder. In dieser Position P2 liegt die Gelenkachse 16 an einer der Anlage- oder Kulissenkontur 22 gegenüber liegenden und als Zuganschlag wirksamen Anlage- bzw. Kulissenkontur 23 der Führungskulisse 17 an. Für die Öffnungs- bzw. Schließbewegung der Kontaktbrücke 15 im Betriebsfall bildet die Kontaktstelle K2 ein Dreh- oder Schwenklager für die Kontaktbrücke 15. Zur Unterstützung der dabei erfolgenden Dreh- bzw. Schwenkbewegung der Kontaktbrücke 15 ist der Bewegkontakt 12b der zweiten Kontaktsstelle K2 im Bereich dessen dem Festkontakt 12a zugewandten Kontaktfläche bogen- oder halbkugelförmig gewölbt ausgebildet.In the in FIG. 3 shown position P2 of the hinge axis 16, the spring element 21 acts as a tension spring. In this position P2, the hinge axis 16 is located on an abutment or sliding block contour 22 opposite and acting as a train stop system or backdrop contour 23 of the guide slot 17. For the opening or closing movement of the contact bridge 15 in the operating case, the contact point K2 forms a rotary or pivot bearing for the contact bridge 15. To support the thereby occurring rotational or pivotal movement of the contact bridge 15 is the moving contact 12b of the second contact point K2 in the region the fixed contact 12a facing contact surface arched or hemispherical curved.

Die FIG 4 und 5 veranschaulichen die Kontaktöffnung beider Kontaktstellen K1 und K2 im Kurzschluss- oder Überstromfall. Ein derartiger, im Vergleich zum normalen Betriebsfall um ein Vielfaches höherer Kurschlussstrom bewirkt auf Grund der durch die U-förmige Ausgestaltung der Stromschienen 7 und 8 erzeugten Umkehr der Stromrichtung - wie durch die im Bereich der Stromschienen 7, 8 dargestellten Pfeile symbolisiert - an den Kontaktstellen K1 und K2 entsprechende dynamische Kräfte F1, F2 in Öffnungsrichtung 19 der Bewegkontakte 11b bzw. 12b. Dabei öffnet zunächst die Kontaktstelle K1, in Folge dessen die Gelenkachse 16 entlang der Bahnführung 17 am Zuganschlag 23 anschlägt. In dieser Position P3 entsteht somit ein Festlager für die Gelenkachse 16, um das die Kontaktbrücke 15 in Öffnungsrichtung 19 verschwenkt. Die dynamischen Kräfte F1, F2 überwinden dabei die Federkraft des Federelementes 20 an der zweiten Kontaktstelle K2 mit der Folge, dass die Kontaktbrücke 15 unter gleichzeitiger Öffnung beider Kontaktstellen K1 und K2 in die vollständige Offenposition verschwenkt.The FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate the contact opening of both contact points K1 and K2 in the case of short circuit or overcurrent. Such, in comparison to the normal operating case many times higher Kurschlussstrom caused due to the U-shaped configuration of the busbars 7 and 8 generated reversal of the current direction - as symbolized by the arrows in the region of the busbars 7, 8 - at the contact points K1 and K2 corresponding dynamic forces F1, F2 in the opening direction 19 of the moving contacts 11b and 12b. Initially, the contact point K1 opens, as a result of which the articulation axis 16 abuts against the pull stop 23 along the path guide 17. In this position P3 thus creates a fixed bearing for the hinge axis 16, by which the contact bridge 15 is pivoted in the opening direction 19. The dynamic forces F1, F2 overcome the spring force of the spring element 20 at the second contact point K2, with the result that the contact bridge 15 pivots with the simultaneous opening of both contact points K1 and K2 in the full open position.

Im Anschluss an die Abschaltung des Kurzschlusses schließt die zweite Kontaktstelle K2 in Folge der Federkraft des als Druckfeder wirksamen Federelementes 20 selbstständig.Following the disconnection of the short circuit, the second contact point K2 closes automatically as a result of the spring force of the spring element 20 acting as a compression spring.

Zur Unterstützung der dynamischen Kräfte F1, F2 können die zwischen der ersten Kontaktstelle K1 und der Gelenkachse 16 sowie zwischen dieser und der zweiten Kontaktstelle K2 gebildeten Hebelarme H1 bzw. H2 der Kontaktbrücke 15 unterschiedlich lang ausgeführt sein. Bevorzugt ist dabei der Hebelarm H1 länger als der Hebelarm H2.To support the dynamic forces F1, F2, the lever arms H1 or H2 of the contact bridge 15 formed between the first contact point K1 and the articulation axis 16 and between the latter and the second contact point K2 can have different lengths. Preferably, the lever arm H1 is longer than the lever arm H2.

Die an der Gelenkachse 16 und an der zweiten Kontaktstelle K2 angreifenden Federelemente 21 bzw. 20 stellen dabei in Verbindung mit der Kontaktbrücke 15 und deren Hebelarmen H1 und H2 eine Hebelarmkonstruktion zur Kraftübertragung dar. Dieses Hebelarmsystem oder diese Hebelarmkonstruktion ermöglicht zunächst die dauerhafte Schließstellung einer der Kontaktstellen K1, K2 im Betriebsfall einerseits sowie die zuverlässige Öffnung beider Kontaktstellen K1 und K2 im Kurzschlussfall.The spring elements 21 and 20 acting on the articulation axis 16 and on the second contact point K2, in conjunction with the contact bridge 15 and their lever arms H1 and H2, represent a lever arm construction for transmitting power. This lever arm system or this lever arm construction initially enables the permanent closed position of one of the contact points K1, K2 in the case of operation on the one hand and the reliable opening of both contact points K1 and K2 in the event of a short circuit.

Hierdurch ist ein Kontaktsystem 2 zur Realisierung einer Doppelunterbrechung der Kontaktstellen K1, K2 im Kurzschlussfall sowie eine Einfachunterbrechung, insbesondere der ersten Kontaktstellen K1, im Betriebsfall bereit gestellt.In this way, a contact system 2 for implementing a double interruption of the contact points K1, K2 in the event of a short circuit and a single interruption, in particular the first contact points K1, provided in the operating case.

Ein derartiges Kontaktsystem 1 eignet sich daher besonders für einen Kompakt-Leistungsschalter 1 zum Schalten sowie zur Überstromauslösung und damit zum Schutz leistungsstarker Anlagenkomponenten, z. B. eines Motors. Mit einem derartigen Kontaktsystem 2 ausgerüstete Leistungsschalter 1 eignet sich daher auch besonders zur Anbindung an weitere Anlagenkomponenten innerhalb eines auch komplexen Energieverteilungssystems. Such a contact system 1 is therefore particularly suitable for a compact circuit breaker 1 for switching and overcurrent tripping and thus to protect high-performance system components, eg. B. an engine. With such a contact system 2 equipped circuit breaker 1 is therefore particularly suitable for connection to other system components within a complex power distribution system.

Claims (13)

  1. Contact system (2) for closing and for opening a current path (5), having a contact link (15) which can pivot about a hinge shaft (16) and in each case has a moving contact (11b, 12b) at the opposite link end (13, 14), each of which forms a contact point (K1, K2) with a stationary contact (11a, 12a) respectively associated with it, with the hinge shaft (16) being arranged such that it can move along a path guide (17) in the opening direction (19) of the contact points (K1, K2), characterized in that the hinge shaft (16) is arranged in such a way that only a first contact point (K1) opens during operation, and in that both contact points (K1, K2) open in the event of an overcurrent and/or a short circuit.
  2. Contact system (2) according to Claim 1, in which the path guide (17) has a pressure stop (22) on which the hinge shaft (16) rests when the first contact point (K1) is closed.
  3. Contact system (2) according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the path guide (17) has a pulling stop (23) on which the hinge shaft (16) rests when the first contact point (K1) is open.
  4. Contact system (2) according to Claim 3, in which the pulling stop (23) acts as a stationary bearing for the hinge shaft (16) in the event of an overcurrent or a short circuit.
  5. Contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, having a switching lever (3) which can move along the path guide (17) and is coupled to the contact link (15) via the hinge shaft (16).
  6. Contact system (2) according to Claim 5, in which the switching lever (3) is coupled to a switching latching mechanism (4).
  7. Contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, having a first spring element (21), which acts as a compression spring or a tension spring on the hinge shaft (16) for closing and for opening the first contact point (K1) during operation.
  8. Contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, having a second spring element (20), which acts on the second contact point (K2) and whose spring force acts on the associated moving contact (12b) in its closed position.
  9. Contact system (2) according to Claim 8, in which the spring force of the second spring element (20) is designed to be greater than the tension force of the first spring element (21).
  10. Contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, in which the moving contact (12b) of the second contact point (K2) has a curved contact surface ().
  11. Contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, in which the opening area of each contact point (K1, K2) has an associated quenching chamber (9, 10).
  12. Contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, in which, in order to reverse the current direction on the first and/or second contact point (K1, K2), its stationary contact (11a, 12a) is arranged on a busbar limb (7a, 8a), which faces the associated moving contact (11b, 12b), of an at least approximately U-shaped busbar (7, 8).
  13. Switching device, in particular a circuit breaker (1) or compact circuit breaker, having a contact system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 12.
EP06763705A 2005-06-20 2006-06-14 Contact system, especially for a switchgear Expired - Fee Related EP1897111B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005028474A DE102005028474B4 (en) 2005-06-20 2005-06-20 Contact system has movable contact bridge swiveling about a jointed axis giving two contacts with only one used normally and both in the case of a current overload or short circuit
PCT/EP2006/063201 WO2006136524A1 (en) 2005-06-20 2006-06-14 Contact system, especially for a switchgear

Publications (2)

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EP1897111A1 EP1897111A1 (en) 2008-03-12
EP1897111B1 true EP1897111B1 (en) 2009-07-29

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US (1) US20100108484A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1897111B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101194334A (en)
DE (2) DE102005028474B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2006136524A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE102005028474B4 (en) 2008-04-30
WO2006136524A1 (en) 2006-12-28
EP1897111A1 (en) 2008-03-12
DE102005028474A1 (en) 2006-12-28
US20100108484A1 (en) 2010-05-06
CN101194334A (en) 2008-06-04
DE502006004391D1 (en) 2009-09-10

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