EP1894165A2

EP1894165A2 - Method, electronic cover, and access unit for providing access to a zone by means of a card

Info

Publication number: EP1894165A2
Application number: EP06723149A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Willi Brändli; Gino Burro; Peter Kym; Alfred Lauper; Stefan RÜEGSEGGER; Olaf Sprich
Original assignee: Siemens Schweiz AG
Current assignee: Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date: 2005-06-22
Filing date: 2006-03-01
Publication date: 2008-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-01
Also published as: EP2040225A1; DE502006009457D1; ATE508445T1; WO2006136212A2; EP1894165B1; EP1739630A1; ATE508444T1; WO2006136212A3; US20090121829A1; EP2040225B1

Abstract

The method involves transferring of information with electromagnetic field (42), which requires a minimum level to actively switch the electronic cover (20) in transit zone (50). A signal detector is recipient for the electromagnetic field. A bidirectional communication (25) is initiated between send-receive unit and send-receive module of electronic cover by the active switching to transmit a tag. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) Electronic cover; and (B) Access unit.

Description

Procedure, electronic envelope and access unit to grant access to a zone with a card

The present invention relates to a method, an electronic envelope and an access unit for granting access to a zone with a card according to the preamble of claim 1 or 11 and 22 respectively.

In this document, the term "electronic card" is generally subsumed electronic identification cards, which are also known under the terms such as smart card, smart card, electronic ticket, proximity cards, Vincinity Cards, employee badges and others. Proximity Cards and Vincinity Cards are standardized according to ISO, as defined in ISO 14443 [1] and ISO 15693 [2].

The terms and definitions in the list of abbreviations and acronyms used are an integral part of this document in the sense of a glossary. Therefore, not all acronyms and terms are specifically introduced. Instead of a German non-technical language, the common English expressions for individual units are used. «Timer» is used or partly listed in the appendix in two languages. Likewise, some of the function realized with a component are provided with the same reference number as the component.

Proximity Cards PICC can transmit data to a reading unit PCD in the range of about 1 to 10 cm. Therefore, to grant access to a zone, a person is forced to bring the card close to the reading unit PCD. This is particularly disadvantageous when approaching a garage, since the window of the vehicle must be opened. In particular, there is a risk that the card falls on the ground during this manipulation.

To solve this problem so-called "combi-boosters" are known, for example by the company Nedap [3], [9]. One "Booster" is an electronic portable device ^ electronic case) into which a proximity card is inserted. A license plate, usually a personal referred to below as "personalized" license plate, is transferred from the proximity card via the radio interface into the shell. This envelope sends this received identity on a different frequency, eg on the 2.45 GHz ISM band, to a fixed receiving unit. The received tag is evaluated in a background system, and if it matches, an enable signal is generated to grant access.

The case may also contain another identifier, so that the access is possible only with the relevant case and the card. For the purposes of this specification, the term envelope is understood to mean a portable, electronic device which can receive an electronic card and is provided with means for communication with the card and an external transceiver unit.

Such a system is also desirable for access control in which a person wears such an envelope with an inserted electronic card. The aforesaid solution for parking facility access is unsatisfactory for the following reasons:

The autonomy is limited or must be operated by an installation in a vehicle with a wired energy supply.

The range is statically adjustable at most. This automatically leads to detection as soon as such a shell comes close to a passage area. Nearby is a distance in the order of 10m to 50m to understand.

Due to the large, not dynamically adjustable range results in the vicinity of a transit zone communication with a variety of such cases. For this purpose, anti-collision algorithms are to be implemented per se and the throughput of data decreases. This problem can be partially solved by the user with an existing on the shell actuator can make an activation.

The present invention has for its object to provide a method, an electronic envelope and an access unit for granting access to a zone with an electronic card, on the one hand overcome the above disadvantages and also allow: high autonomy of the shell; - Safe operation even with a variety of cases with inserted cards in front of a transit zone, - Can be used for various types of electronic cards; simple implementation of secure transmission, e.g. also with public key infrastructure PKI;

Easy reuse of existing access units; easy handling by the user and thus an increase in comfort, e.g. through a so-called "hands-free" access.

This object is achieved for the method by the in claim 1, for the shell by the in claim 11 and for the access unit by the features specified in claim 21 given features.

By the novel process steps according to the

Claim 1, an activation of the electronic shell takes place only when necessary and thus the energy consumption is minimized or a high autonomy guaranteed. The selective activation by the electromagnetic field only activates the cards at a certain distance in front of the transit zone, so that the communication takes place with much smaller collisions and thus becomes safer. Bidirectional communication allows the exchange of keys so that cryptology can be implemented in the classical way. The bidirectional communication is also connected by the previous activation of the shell also over time seen a low energy consumption, since a polling from the shell or a readiness for reception so-called emitted by the access unit broadcast messages omitted. According to the content of EP 1 210 693 B1 [4], the bidirectional communication may be designed to be intermittent in a time frame.

In dependent claims advantageous embodiments of the present invention are given.

To further increase the autonomy, provision may be made for the envelope to be capable of bidirectional communication with the access unit only when the card is inserted. As a result, it can also be ensured that a detection takes place only if the user really wants it in the sense of an active volitional act and not by accidentally passing by at a transit zone. This volition manifests itself e.g. by pressing a defined control on the case.

The shell may have a display for displaying information transmitted via the bidirectional communication. Depending on the application and usage, the display may show, for example:

- Saved permissions,

- configured user profile,

- previous transactions and acquisitions, - balance of cash implemented on the card.

With at least one arranged on the shell control element, such as push button or buttons on the case configurations can be made and the display can be controlled. The control elements can be additionally protected against incorrect manipulation by accidental pressure. This protection can be realized by software or mechanically. Likewise with the controls an active will action for the access to a zone by the user are made.

The bidirectional communication between the envelope and the access unit makes it possible for a remote card reader in the access unit to emulate the remote card in the access unit. As a result, on the one hand, existing access units can continue to be used and, on the other hand, the interface between the access unit and the management system need not be disclosed.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, for example. 1 shows a spatial arrangement of the various functional

Units at a transit zone; Figure 2 block diagram of a shell and an associated

Access unit in a first embodiment; Figure 3 is a block diagram of a shell and an associated access unit in a second embodiment;

Figure 4 is a block diagram of a shell and an associated access unit in a third embodiment with a public key infrastructure;

FIG. 5 shows a detailed block diagram of an electronic envelope with a card receiving module;

Figure 6 structural design of the electronic shell in different perspective views; Figure 7 Solution of the coupling of a Legic card according to

State of the art; Figure 8 coupling a Legic card according to a preferred embodiment.

An overview of the basic function of the method according to the invention is given below with reference to FIG. Detailed information on the individual units and their function is provided by the further FIGS. 2 to 6. FIG. 1 shows the spatial arrangement of the various functional units at a passage zone 50, which is formed by two passage columns 51 each. Such a column contains a further transmitting unit 40, which emits an electromagnetic field 42 in the so-called near range, preferably a "low" frequency in the ISM band of, for example, 6.78 MHz is provided. In order to grant access, the electronic envelope 20 worn by a person is switched to active when approaching the transit zone 50. As a result, a bidirectional communication 25 is initiated on a "higher" frequency in the band of preferably 868 MHz. In the shell 20 a card 1 is inserted. With the aforementioned bidirectional communication 25, a tag is transmitted from the shell 20 to an access unit 30. The most personalized identifier has previously been transmitted wirelessly from the card 1 in the case 20. From the access unit 30, this flag is supplied via an interface unit 61 to a management system 60, in which this flag is evaluated. In accordance with a stored identifier, a release signal is generated, which is supplied to a column 51 arranged on the real or virtual barrier. This barrier, not shown in FIG. 1, is opened by this release signal and thus allows entry into a protected zone. As a virtual barrier, a light signal can also be provided. To control the actual passing a light barrier 41 may be provided. The light barrier or an approximation circuit shown in FIG. 1 or another light barrier can activate the transmission unit 40. In this way it is additionally ensured that only such envelopes receive the bidirectional communication 25 with the access unit 30, which have been activated in advance.

For an explanation of the mode of action of the active switching with a low frequency of the envelope 20 and the subsequent bidirectional communication, reference is made to document EP 1 210 693 B1 [4], in particular to an energy saving intermittent bidirectional communication 25 on the higher frequency. The active switching of the envelope, optionally with different stages by the electromagnetic field emitted by the transmitting unit 40, can be taken from the document WO 03/017207 [5]. This document forms an integral part of this text (incorporated by reference).

The structural design of the shell 20 is shown in various perspective views in Figure 6. The sheath 20 is preferably provided with a conventional clip 26 so that this sheath uses in the same manner as a card carried in a protective sheath, i. can be worn visibly on a garment. Depending on the type of execution, the card 1 can be inserted completely or only partially through the opening 27 into the shell 1. Furthermore, it is possible that the inserted card 1 is partially or completely visible on one side. It is not necessary that the visible side still has a transparent element of the shell 20. At this

It is again pointed out that the transmission according to the common standards takes place from the card 1 into the envelope 20 via a radio link, for proximity cards e.g. on a frequency of 13.56 MHz according to ISO / IEC 14443-2 [2]. The envelope 20 has, in addition to the communication function according to the present invention, also a protection function for the card 1 as well as a storage function for the card 1. For example, a cyclist with a case 20 containing a card 1 can gain access to a zone. without requiring user interaction on the shell 20. The cyclist leads this case 20 simply in his backpack.

FIG. 2 shows a simplified block diagram of an electronic envelope 20 and an associated access unit 30, which is arranged at a passage zone 50. The shell 20 has a card receiving module 22 and an antenna 21 to in particular, the data of the card, which is a hallmark, is transferred to the envelope in the usual wireless manner. As a card receiving module 22, for example, the block EM4094 of EM Microelectronic Marin SA [6] can be used. For the communication to the access unit, for example on the frequency 868 MHz, a transmitting / receiving module 23 in the sense of the document EP 1 210 693 Bl [4] in the shell 20 is included. Between the transmitting / receiving module 23 and the card receiving module 22, a card interface 24 is arranged, which can be implemented either in software or hardware. This embodiment represents a radio link extension, the essential difference from the boosters mentioned in the introduction being that the envelope 20 is actively switched in the near field by a further transmission unit 40 arranged in the transit zone 50. In the access unit 30 is carried out in a communication module 34 via two antennas 33, a replica of the card interface of the shell 20. The communication module 34 includes a transmitting / receiving unit 37 in the sense of the document EP 1 210 693 Bl [4]. An ISO 14443 load modulation 35 is connected to this transmitting / receiving unit 37 via a label emulation 36. The "actual" card reader 32 contains an encryption module 31, which is often referred to in the jargon as "Legic security". This embodiment according to FIG. 2 has the great advantage that the common access devices-which is essentially a card reader 32 with an interface unit 38 between Legic readers and a background access system such as SIPORT®-can continue to be used by the aforementioned communication module 34 , In technical terms, this embodiment emulates an admission card 1 which, in fact and in truth, is eg 30 to 50 meters away. The transmission of at least one identifier of the card is carried out via the bidirectional communication 25 in the frequency range of 868 MHz. The frequency specification is only an example here, the frequency selection must be based on the regulatory requirements in the individual countries. This also applies to the frequency 6.78 MHz for the activation of the shell 20.

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from that according to FIG. 2 by the connection in the access unit 31. The identifier transmitted via the bidirectional communication 25 is supplied by the label emulation 36 directly to the card reader via a bus system. This embodiment with the same functionality as that of FIG. 2 requires a smaller number of components and must be used if no technical restrictions are imposed for reasons of competition policy.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the essential functions of the card reader are integrated into the shell 20, in other words: the radio transmission between card 1 and card reader 32 terminates in the shell, in contrast to the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, where this termination deducted in the access unit 30 takes place. By the bidirectional communication 25, it is possible to encrypt them by a PKI infrastructure 62. This is particularly necessary if the proposed procedure for granting access is to provide particularly high security. This infrastructure 62 is shown only rudimentary in FIG. 4, since it itself belongs to the state of the art. In FIGS. 2 to 4, the antenna 21 for the transmission of the data, in particular the identification of the card 1 to the envelope 20, is only shown in principle. A preferred embodiment of the antenna 21 will be explained below with reference to FIG.

Figure 5 shows a more detailed block diagram of an electronic envelope with a card receiving module for those parts which cause the envelope to be actively switched as it approaches an electromagnetic near field. For receiving the aforementioned near field in the frequency range of, for example, 6.78 MHz, a ring antenna 213 is provided. "Near field" means that the H-FeId is dominant. The "near field" or its spatial extent r is usually defined with r <AO.6 ^{■ '} 0.16; λ stands for the wavelength. Within this close range r, the magnetic field strength H decreases rapidly with the third power of the distance from the transmitter. Thus, a spatially narrow, defined sphere of action can be realized. The ring antenna 213 (corresponding to the antenna 21 in FIGS. 2 to 4) is connected, on the one hand, to the signal detector 214 and, on the other hand, to the card receiving module 22. Due to a very small distance between card 1 and ring antenna 213 results for the radio link 2, a coupling factor K = I. Previously, the commercially available device EM4094 [6] has been specified for the card receiving module 22. To minimize the energy consumption of the shell 20, various functional units are activated only when needed and in stages. To explain the stepwise activation, these units are summarized in dashed lines and marked with letters A, B, C, .. Specifically, A signal detector 214 and clock generator 215 are permanently or intermittently active.

B an amplifier and the telegram filter 217, the signal detector 214 by means of the transmitted via the signal line 218 "activation filter" active. C If a telegram (= record on a higher layer) transmitted via the electromagnetic near field has been recognized as valid for the relevant envelope, the controller 271 is activated.

D Depending on the result of evaluations by the controller of the timers 219, it is also possible for the timer 219 to be activated on its own, e.g. via a so-called interrupt triggering.

E The card receiving module 22 is activated by the controller 271. F, G Communication on link 25 is controlled by the controller (and a ROM resident program), receive module 231 at 868 MHz, and transmit module 232 at 868 MHz can therefore be turned on by the controller 271 as needed.

Through this stepwise activation of the individual components, the energy consumption can be significantly reduced and thus the autonomy increased accordingly. This also represents a significant difference from the prior art according to Nedap N.V [3] since the proposed boosters are installed in a vehicle and accordingly can be powered by a car battery. Receiver module 231 at 868 MHz and transmitter module 232 at 868 MHz are each connected via an amplifier to corresponding antennas 211 and 212.

The connection between controller 271 and telegram filter 217 is i.a. therefore bidirectional, in order to be able to make certain settings of the telegram filter. A particular advantage according to the present invention lies in the fact that with the wake-up field 42 spread out by a further transmitting unit 40 information can also be transmitted by means of a modulation on a higher layer. In this case, levels are defined in a field of a transferred record that correspond to certain minimum receive levels and thus indirectly determined distances between envelope 20 and further transmit unit 40 to 6.78 MHz. For this, e.g. 3 bit length to define 8 different levels; calculated without fuse bits. Minimum reception level means that further units of the envelope are only activated when it is exceeded. The processor module 271 can preferably set the corresponding step for a casing 20 from the processor module 271 fixedly for a casing. Alternatively, it is also possible that the adjustment is made dynamically. That is, the further transmitting unit 40 determines the level and thus the distance within which a shell 20 is to be activated. For the implementation of the stepwise activation, the document WO 03/017207

[5] incorporated herein by reference (incorporated by reference). To configure the shell 20 are also wired interfaces 274 such as RS232 or USB available. Likewise, operating elements (not shown) and a display 272 can be arranged on the sleeve. For the sake of completeness, an energy source 273 is shown in FIG.

The aforesaid configuration of the envelope via the wired interface 274 may include in a non-exhaustive list:

Defining the allowed operating modes, such as with or without inserted card 1;

Individualization, e.g. by assigning an areal or company-specific number plate to the card;

Storage of keys for cryptology, can be omitted in a PKI infrastructure;

Personalization, i.a. with PIN (Personal Identification Number) and PUK (Personal Unblockig Key); - definition of the context of the controls; Note texts for display on the display; Software update for the controller 271.

In principle, it is possible to initiate the bidirectional communication 25 at the higher frequency - in this case 868 MHz - by an operator action by means of at least one control element arranged on the envelope 20 or by inserting the card 1. This initiation should occur instead of the awakening by an electromagnetic near field. A disadvantage over the proposed solution is that, especially in the case of a large number of people in a confined space, this bidirectional communication 25 is usually initiated at an early point in time and thus problems with collisions and possibly even ranges may occur.

FIG. 7 shows a coupling of a chip card 1 to an electronic envelope 20 with a manufacturer's chip set LEGIC as shown in the document [8] shown-in itself, the use of standardized and commercially available chipsets only benefits. The coupling is divided into a digital part 277 and an analog part 276. For this purpose, a transmitter 278 and a receiver 279 are provided in the analog part 276. This standard solution is disadvantageous since these chipsets and their wiring with an antenna 21 are designed for transmission distances on the order of 5 to about 20 cm. As a result, in such a realization too high and unnecessary energy consumption of the order of magnitude of a power consumption of approximately 2 W is prescribed. This unnecessarily restricts the autonomy of the proposed case.

This disadvantage is remedied by a circuit according to FIG. 8. As mentioned above, the immediate spatial proximity of card 1 inserted into shell 20 for radio link 2 allows a coupling factor K~1. This allows the circuit shown in FIG of the order of 10mW. The transmitter 278 with the mentioned power of about 10 mW is designed as a signal generator with an internal resistance R ₁ . The receiver 279 can be designed as a rectifier. The decoder 280 - associated with the digital part 277, only shown as a flat figure in FIG. 8 - is designed the same as in the standard circuit according to FIG.

The mode of action according to the circuit of FIG. 8 and the theoretical background thereto are the following: A. inductively coupled transponder consists of an electronic data carrier, usually a single microchip, as well as a large-scale coil, which serves as an antenna. Inductively coupled transponders are operated almost exclusively passively. This means that the entire energy required to operate the microchip must be provided by the reader. From the antenna coil of the reader is a high-frequency, electromagnetic Field generated, which penetrates the cross section of the coil surface and the space around the coil. Since the wavelength of the frequency ranges used (13.56 MHz: 22.1 m) is many times greater than the distance between reader antenna 5 and transponder, the electromagnetic field at the distance of the transponder to the antenna may still mathematically treated as a simple alternating magnetic field become. Most of the emitted field penetrates the antenna coil of the transponder, which is in close proximity to the coil

10 of the reader is located. By induction, a voltage Ui is thereby generated at the antenna coil of the transponder. This voltage is rectified and serves to power the data carrier (microchip). The antenna coil of the reader, a capacitor Cl is connected in parallel,

15 whose capacity is chosen so that together with the

Coil inductance of the antenna coil is formed a parallel resonant circuit whose resonant frequency corresponds to the transmission frequency of the reader. The antenna coil of the transponder forms together with the capacitor Cl also one

20 resonant circuit, which is tuned to the transmission frequency of the reader. The arrangement of the two coils can be considered as a transformer, with a very good coupling between the two coils, since the distance is small. This is a very good efficiency of the performance

25 transmission between the antenna coil of the reader and the transponder achieved. The required voltage U reached at the transponder coil is set with the number of turns.

30. The presently described embodiments of the invention allow a variety of ways of use, for example, for the so-called crowd management, where it comes to large human streams controlled to pass through a passage zone 50. The through the passage zone 50 to

35 persons carry a cover 20 with a card 1 identifying the person in question. This makes it possible to identify those persons, such as hooligans, for example. for security reasons access must be denied. With such an embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to identify a camera by those persons wearing no cover 20 or not inserted in a sheath 20 Map ₁ on itself.

In summary of the crowd-management example above, the advantages of the invention can be summarized once again: (adjustable) short-range activation 42 (short range) to about 3 - 5 m; bidirectional communication 25 over a greater distance in the order of up to about 50m, the relatively high throughput of bidirectional communication 25 far more functions between shell 20 and access unit 30 can be realized, as with the direct transfer between card 1 and a conventional card reader, for example As a result, a backup can be implemented according to the PKI method. Similarly, bidirectional communication 25 may implement anti-collision algorithms that handle collisions occurring from shell 20, such as detecting in the shell, prior to transmission of a message, whether the medium is free, see document WO 01/84472 Al [7], which is an integral part of this document (incorporated by reference).

The functions of a card reader associated with the classical technique can be freely distributed to the shell 20 and the access unit 60 by the presently disclosed embodiments of the invention and thus allow a very flexible adaptation to a wide variety of applications.

The standard cards according to ISO / IEC 14443 [1] and ISO / IEC 15693 [2] have no contact interface. However, embodiments of the present invention with the envelope are also possible in which the power supply / activation tion of the card 1 instead of an electromagnetic field - emitted via the ring antenna 213 - carried out by a galvanic contact interface. The transfer of the card-resident mark still takes place according to the relevant standards [1] and [2].

For individual card systems, it is specified that only previously registered cards can be "read". In a further embodiment of the present invention according to FIG. 2, it can be provided that bidirectional communication 25 transmits an as yet unregistered identifier to the access unit 30 and, bypassing the card emulation, is fed to the management system 60 and from there backwards to the card reader 32 in the Access unit 30. Such registration must be in accordance with the requirements of the specific application.

A further embodiment of the method according to the invention will be described below. It has been stated above that the casing 20 can be provided with a display 272 and with operating elements. With the bidirectional communication at the higher frequency, eg at 868 MHz, targeted information can be transmitted to the envelopes 20 in a zone associated with the transit zone 50 since its entry and thus its presence in that zone is determined by the present invention. In this way, an emergency call and information from persons, that is, persons who carry such an envelope can be initiated. The persons registered as belonging to such a zone can provide assistance on the spot most quickly. The information sent to these persons includes, for example, the name of the person who triggered the emergency call and information about the current whereabouts of that person. The triggering of the emergency call can be done by means of the card case by pressing a control element or it is also a central triggering on the management system 60 possible. Thus, such an emergency call is performed by the person concerned can be extended, the sheath 20 in addition to the Anzeigeelernent 272 by an acoustic and / or tactile (eg by vibration) display element.

The information to be transmitted to the envelope 20 in a message and to be displayed on the display element 272 may include, for example:

Coordinates, building section, room, since the whereabouts of the envelope 20 are known, depending on the granularity, i. how granular the method according to the invention is implemented on an area; triggering person, while the data in the smart card can be used;

Depending on the interaction of the person triggering the emergency call type and / or urgency of the emergency call.

With this process extension for the shell 20 and the card 1 contained therein and coupled with the shell, a complex, expensive additional equipment can be avoided. Such additional equipment and additional services are, for example, a pager or a mobile phone to be integrated into a so-called corporate mobile network CMN. The solution presented here works within the normal access control system and with the normal chip card 1, also called the employee badge.

In this document, reference was made in part to the card system Legic. However, the invention is also feasible with other card systems such as Mifare and in particular as shown in Figure 8 with significant simplifications, if dispensed with the standard chipsets. List of reference numbers and abbreviations used

1 card, Chip Card, Proximity Card, Vinicinity Card

2 radio link card - card reader

20 case, electronic portable device; engl, "long ranks communication pouch"; LRCP

21 antenna

211 receiving antenna 868 MHz

212 transmitting antenna 868 MHz

213 Reception antenna 6.78 MHz and 13.56 MHz, ring antenna 214 Signal detector, signal detect

215 clock generator, duty cycle

216 operational amplifiers

217 telegram filter

218 Signal Line Activation Filter 219 Timer, Timer

22 card receiving module, e.g. EM4094

23 transmitting / receiving module in the shell; on e.g. 868 MHz

231 receive module at 868 MHz

232 Transmitter module at 868 MHz 24 ISO 14443 interface

25 bidirectional communication between transmitting / receiving module and transmitting / receiving unit

26 clips, fastener

27 opening for insertion of a card; Holder for attaching a card to the case

271 controllers; microprocessor

272 Display, display

273 energy source, battery

274 Wired interfaces, e.g. RS232, USB, 275 memory; EEPROM Speieher

276 Digital part

277 Analog part 278 stations

279 recipients

280 decoders

30 access unit; engl. «Access point»

31 encryption module; e.g. Legic Security

32 card readers, Legic readers

33 antenna

34 communication module engl. «Long ranks communication interface module»

35 ISO 14443 Load Modulation, Load Modulation Unit 36 Label Emulation

37 transmitting / receiving unit, first transmitting / receiving unit on e.g. 868 MHz 38 interface unit, e.g. Interface unit Legic reader - access system, e.g. SIPORT

40 more transmitting unit, e.g. at 6.78MHz

41 Photocell, engl., "Light barrier"

42 electromagnetic field, wake-up field from a further transmitting unit 40th

50 passage zone, also called passage area

51 column, with or without further transmission unit

60 computer system, management system for evaluation of

Indicator and for Generating a Release Signal 61 Interface Unit

62 PKI crypotology; Encryption unit LA μC LEGIC advant microcontroller LA RF LEGIC advant RF chip List of acronyms used

EEPROM Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory

LRCIM long ranks communication interface module LRCP long ranks communication pouch

PCD Proximity Coupling Device; according to ISO 14443

PICC Proximity Cards; according to ISO 14443

PIN Personal Identification Number

PKI Public Key Infrastructure PUK Personal Unblocking Key

USB Universal Serial Bus

Bibliography

[1] ISO / IEC 14443-1

"Identification Cards - Contactless Integrated Circuit (s) Cards - Proximity Cards" - Part 1: Physical characteristics

ISO / IEC 14443-2

«Identification cards - Contactless integrated circuit (s) cards - Proximity cards» - Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface

[2] ISO / IEC 15693-1

«Identification cards - Contactless integrated circuit (s) cards - Vicinity cards» - Part 1: Physical characteristics

ISO / IEC 15693-2

«Identification cards - Contactless integrated circuit (s) cards - Vicinity cards» - Part 2: Air interface and initialization ISO / IEC 15693-2

"Identification cards - Contactless integrated circuit (s) cards - Vicinity cards" - Part 3: Anticollision and transmission protocol

[3] Nedap N.V.

NL - 7140 AC Groenlo

[4] EP 1 210 693 Bl

«Method and system for registering tickets» Siemens VDO Automotive AG,

CH - 8212 Neuhausen am Rheinfall

[5] WO 03/017207

«Process and Circuitry for Alarm Message Detection and Selection» Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG, CH - 8212 Neuhausen am Rheinfall

[6] "Analog Front End Integrated Circuit for 13.56 MHz RFID Base Station"; EM4094 www. emmocroelectronic. com [7] WO 01/84472 Al

«Method for collision management for a wireless

Acquisition system "

Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG,

CH - 8212 Neuhausen am Rheinfall [8] Legic White Paper

Legic's approach to smard Card Security [01.2005V2] www. leσic. com

[9] EP 0 575 013 A1

«System for the contactless exchange of data, and responder for use in such a system»

N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP, NL - 7141 DE Groenlo (NL)

Claims

claims

A method of granting access to a zone comprising an electronic ticket containing at least one license plate (1), the card (1) being inserted in a portable case (20) having a card receiving module (22) such that License plate wirelessly (2) from the card (1) to a with a transmitting / receiving module (23) connected card receiving module (22) is transmitted; an access unit (30) is arranged on a passage area (50) to the zone, which contains a transceiver unit (37) for communicating with the transceiver module (23) of the envelope (20) and which 1) transmitted to the transmitting / receiving unit (37) is transmitted, upon agreement of the received by the transmitting / receiving unit (37) identifier with a stored identifier an enable signal to grant the access is generated; characterized by the method steps

(i) when the envelope (20) approaches an additional transmitter unit (40) arranged at the passage region (50), the envelope (20) is actively switched by an electromagnetic field (42) generated by said further transmitter unit (40), wherein an electromagnetic field signal detector (214) located in the envelope (20) is receivable to transmit, with the electromagnetic field (42), information defining a particular minimum receive level required to form the envelope (20) to activate. (ii) the active switching initiates bidirectional communication (25) between the first transceiver unit (37) and the transceiver module (23) of the sheath (20).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of the electromagnetic field (42) is selected so that this is pronounced as a near field.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electronic components (217, 271, 219, ..) of the shell (20) depending on the electromagnetic field (42) transmitted further information in step (ii) be activated stepwise (A, B, C, D, ..).

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the envelope a ring antenna (213) is arranged, both for the reception of the electromagnetic field (42) from the further transmitting unit (40) and for the transmission of the Flag of the card (1) to the card receiving module (22) is provided.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that with the bidirectional communication (25) "additionally a characteristic of the envelope (20) to the transmitting / receiving unit (37) is transmitted and that for the generation of the enable signal also the label of the envelope (20) is required with another stored identifier

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the transmitting / receiving unit (37) in the access unit (30) is connected to a card load modulation unit (35), which in the shell (20) befindliche Card (1) emulates, so that in the access unit (30) one of the card (1) corresponding card reader (32) for connection to a computer system (60) for gening the enable signal is connectable.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the transmitting / receiving unit (37) in the access unit (30) wired to a card (1) corresponding card reader (32) is connected for connection to a computer system (60) for genating the enable signal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the wireless transmission (2) from the card (1) to the card receiving module (22) terminates in the shell (20) and that with the bidirectional communication (25) encryption information according to transmitted to the PKI process.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that via the bidirectional communication, a message from the first transmitting / receiving unit (37) to the transmitting / receiving module (23) is transmitted, the content of a on the Case (20) located display element (272) is shown.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the message due to an operation on a further shell (20) located control element and / or due to an interaction on the computer system (60) of the first transmitting / receiving unit (37) is emitted ,

11. A portable electronic case (20) comprising: a holder (27) for mounting a card (1), wherein when the card is mounted (1), a tag stored thereon is wirelessly connected to a card receiving module (22) in the case (20) ), a transceiver module (23) connected to the card receiving module (22) for bidirectional communication (25) with an access unit (30) for granting access to a zone; characterized in that the envelope (20) comprises a signal detector (214) which, upon receipt of an electromagnetic field (42), actively switches the transceiver module (23) for bidirectional communication (25) to the access unit (30) for the reception of the electromagnetic field (42) as well as for the wireless transmission (2) of the tag from the card (1) to the card receiving module (22), a common ring antenna (213) is provided

12. shell (20) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one wired interface (274) is provided to transmit about configuration data to the shell (20).

13. Case (20) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the personalized identifier with the transmitting / receiving module (23) to the access unit (30) is transferable.

14. Case (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that on the sheath (20) is stored a further identifier which is transferable to the transceiver module (23) to the access unit (30).

15. Case (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that a display element (272) is arranged on the Betriebszu- states, detection data, transactions or notes are bar displayable bar.

16. Case (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that at least one operating element on the sheath (20) is arranged, with which an operating state is adjustable or with which is triggered for access to the zone user interaction

17. Case (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the sheath (20) has an acoustic and / or tactile display element.

18. casing (20) according to claim 17, characterized in that at least one operating element on the sheath (20) is arranged, with which the display is controllable on the display.

19. shell (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the envelope contains a telegram filter (217) which analyzes the information transmitted to the electromagnetic field (42) to thereby further components (271, 219, .. ) of the envelope (20) in a stepwise manner (A, B, C, D,.) depending on the received information.

20. Case (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the wireless transmission (2) from the card (1) to the card receiving module (22) in the shell (20) terminates and that the sheath (20) a according to the PKI method operable encryption unit (62).

21. Case (20) according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that for the wireless transmission (2) from the card (1) to the card receiving module (22) in the shell (20) a Signalgenera- gate (278) and a diode-shaped receiver (279) is provided, the diode being connected to a decoder (280)

22. Access unit (30) for granting access to a zone with an electronic card containing at least one personalized license plate (1), the access unit (30) comprising: a transceiver unit (37) for communicating with a one card ( 1) containing electronic envelope (20) so that a personalized license plate of the

Case (20) to the transmitting / receiving unit (37) can be transmitted, characterized in that the transmitting / receiving unit (37) tion unit with a card load modulation unit (35) is connected and that the access unit

(30) has a card reader (32), so that the transmitted identifier by a map emulation to the access unit (30) is transferable.