EP1890101B1 - Fin for heat exchanger, heat exchanger with such a fin and method for producing the heat exchanger - Google Patents

Fin for heat exchanger, heat exchanger with such a fin and method for producing the heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1890101B1
EP1890101B1 EP20060016505 EP06016505A EP1890101B1 EP 1890101 B1 EP1890101 B1 EP 1890101B1 EP 20060016505 EP20060016505 EP 20060016505 EP 06016505 A EP06016505 A EP 06016505A EP 1890101 B1 EP1890101 B1 EP 1890101B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collar
fin
partial regions
heat exchanger
fins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20060016505
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1890101A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Helms
Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Kramer
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Ruppel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Mahle Behr Spain SA
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Frape Behr SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG, Frape Behr SA filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE200650005252 priority Critical patent/DE502006005252D1/en
Priority to EP20060016505 priority patent/EP1890101B1/en
Publication of EP1890101A1 publication Critical patent/EP1890101A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1890101B1 publication Critical patent/EP1890101B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
    • F28F2275/125—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by bringing elements together and expanding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rib for a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 3 and a method for producing the heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • a rib is from the Scriptures US-A-2005 015 5750 known.
  • the ribs have openings with collars, so-called passages, for receiving flat tubes.
  • the ribs are stacked at a certain distance, the so-called rib pitch, and the tubes are inserted into the passages, which is preferably done automatically.
  • Tubes and ribs of the known system consist of aluminum or aluminum alloys and are soldered together in the area of the passages.
  • the known rib has between the passages gill fields and turbulators, which also serve to produce the rib spacing. Since the turbulators are arranged in the area of the gill fields, there is a loss of thermodynamic performance due to a poorer heat transfer.
  • the problem underlying the invention is to make a rib with spacers and passage thermodynamically and manufacturing technology favorable.
  • soldered systems it is also known to make the rib spacing by spacers outside the gill area.
  • a solderable heat exchanger block has been known, which consists of flat ribs and flat tubes, wherein the ribs have passage openings for the tubes and the openings enclosing collar with a bent-up spacer tab.
  • the spacer flap is part of a collar section and towers above it in height.
  • the collar portions and the spacer tabs have different functions: the collar portions lie over a large part of the circumference of the flat tube and are soldered to it.
  • the raised spacer plates are used to fix the distance in the stacking of the flat ribs, they are claimed in this layering process to pressure or buckling.
  • the spacer tab Since in the known rib, the spacer tab is physically connected to the collar, there is a mutual influence of the functions.
  • the disadvantage here is that the soldering gap can be increased inadmissible by the pressure and buckling of the spacer, resulting in insufficient soldering and thus to a reduced thermal performance of the heat exchanger.
  • the collar which surrounds the openings for receiving the flat tubes assumes both the function of a contact surface and the function of spacing, these two functions being separated from one another in such a way that they do not mutually engage one another. influence negatively.
  • the spacer function compressing stress of the collar
  • the pressing force of the collar for fixing the ribs on the tube is not impaired - rather, the collar can maintain an undiminished tension or contact pressure on the flat tube.
  • the function separation takes place in that the collar - as seen in the circumferential direction - is divided into individual subregions, wherein the subsections perform the same or different functions.
  • at least two first subregions can only assume the function of pressing the collar onto the flat tube, and at least one second subarea can exclusively perform the function of spacing.
  • the separation of the functions or the subregions can be advantageously carried out by separating cuts distributed over the circumference of the collar.
  • the collar is thus separated into individual sections, which result in a fan-shaped collar which encompasses the circumference of the flat tube.
  • contact surfaces and spacers can be provided by a third portion of another function, namely the flow influencing by appropriate design of the third portion.
  • the surface of the collar is used to further improve the heat transfer through the third sections in the form of flow-influencing elements.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by the features of claim 3 for a heat exchanger, which is equipped with the rib according to the invention.
  • the thermodynamic performance of the heat exchanger can be increased and the manufacturing costs reduced.
  • flat tubes and ribs made of aluminum or aluminum alloys and are connected by brazing materially.
  • the advantage of a higher heat transfer performance is achieved.
  • the solder gaps between the collar and flat tubes are conical. This results in the advantage that a mechanical production (threading of the tubes in the collar openings) is possible and by the solder seam reinforcing the pipe cross-section is achieved.
  • the object of the invention is finally achieved by a method having the features of claim 8.
  • the first partial areas according to the invention serve as contact surfaces and on the one hand cause a fixation of rib and tube and on the other hand ensure the securing of a defined Lotspaltes to achieve a flawless soldering.
  • the second subregions in the form of spacers ensure the specified rib spacing (rib pitch) when the ribs are stacked on one another.
  • the inventive method thus has the advantage of a higher process reliability, since the required process parameters soldering and rib division can be maintained with greater security. This lowers the manufacturing costs of the heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a substantially planar, arranged in the plane of rib 1, which has an opening 2 with a collar. 3 having.
  • the rib 1 is part of a not shown.
  • Ribbed packet which is connected to the openings 2, not shown flat tubes, preferably by soldering.
  • the collar 3 and the rib 1 are made in one piece from a thin sheet, preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, wherein the material thickness of the ribs 1 is in the range of hundredths of a millimeter.
  • the opening 2 is formed as a slot for receiving the flat tubes, not shown, and has - distributed over the circumference - a plurality of partially differently shaped collar portions 3a to 3l, which are separated by column 4.
  • the collar portions 3a to 3l have partly the same, sometimes different functions:
  • the collar portion 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k have the function of contact surfaces, which create the narrowest possible and with a defined gap width of the flat tube, not shown ,
  • the latter also applies to the arranged on the narrow sides of the elongated hole 2 collar portions 3f, 3l, which simultaneously serve a longitudinal centering of the flat tube in the opening 2.
  • the collar sections 3d, 3j which are arranged on opposite longitudinal sides, have the function of spacers; they are therefore bent at its free end (lying above the plane of the drawing) parallel to the plane of the rib 1 to the outside and form semicircular contact surfaces for the next following rib.
  • the collar sections 3b, 3h have the function of flow-guiding or flow-influencing elements, for example, for generating a turbulent flow of a collar surrounding the outside of the medium, in particular air, whose flow direction is represented by an arrow L.
  • the collar sections 3b, 3h issued to the outside, ie from the oval contour of the collar 3 to the outside.
  • a turbulence therefore results behind the flow-influencing elements 3b, 3h as a result of a stall on the outer edge.
  • This increases the heat transfer in the region of the longitudinal sides of the flat tube.
  • the illustrated geometry and the arrangement of the collar sections 3a to 3l are exemplary, they can be varied within the scope of the invention. It is essential, however, that the collar sections, which perform different functions, are separated from each other, so that there is no mutual unfavorable influence.
  • the collar sections 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k are (in the circumferential direction) relatively long sections in order to achieve a substantial contact with the flat tube.
  • the collar sections 3d, 3j for spacing are on the other hand relatively short (seen in the circumferential direction) formed. The same applies to the flow-guiding elements 3b, 3h.
  • Fig. 2 shows a view of the collar 3 with the collar portions 3g, 3i, 3k and 3f, 31 for maintaining contact, the collar portion 3j for spacing and the collar portion 3h for influencing the flow outside the flat tube.
  • the collar 3 has an upper edge b and a height t, which extends from the rib plane 1 (shown in phantom) to the upper edge b and corresponds to the rib pitch.
  • the flat tubes preferably automatically threaded or inserted.
  • the contact portions 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k and 3f, 31 fit tightly against the circumference of the flat tube.
  • the ribs are pressed against each other due to friction between the flat tube and collar 3, wherein this pressure load is absorbed by the spacers 3d, 3j.
  • These are designed and designed for this purpose - yet deformations may occur, which are not transmitted due to separation through the column 4 on the adjacent contact sections - the latter are thus not affected by such a pressure load in their effect as contact surfaces for generating a defined contact force, as they are isolated by the separation column 4.
  • the preparation of the openings 2 with collar 3 and 4 columns can be analogous to the aforementioned DE 197 41 856 A1 Applicant done, ie by making cuts and embossing the collar sections 3a to 31, ie without punching waste.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rippe für einen Wärmeübertrager nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, einen Wärmeübertrager nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 3 und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Wärmeübertragers nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 8. So eine Rippe ist aus der Schrift US-A-2005 015 5750 bekannt.The invention relates to a rib for a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 3 and a method for producing the heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 8. Such a rib is from the Scriptures US-A-2005 015 5750 known.

Flache bzw. ebene Rippen (plate fins) und Wärmeübertrager mit Rippen sind bekannt durch die DE 10 2005 032 812 A1 . Die Rippen weisen Öffnungen mit Kragen, so genannte Durchzüge, zur Aufnahme von Flachrohren auf. Die Rippen werden mit einem bestimmten Abstand, der so genannten Rippenteilung, aufeinander geschichtet, und die Rohre werden in die Durchzüge eingesteckt, was vorzugsweise automatisch erfolgt. Rohre und Rippen des bekannten Systems bestehen aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen und werden im Bereich der Durchzüge miteinander verlötet. Die bekannte Rippe weist zwischen den Durchzügen Kiemenfelder und Turbulatoren auf, welche auch zur Herstellung des Rippenabstandes dienen. Da die Turbulatoren im Bereich der Kiemenfelder angeordnet sind, ergibt sich ein Verlust an thermodynamischer Leistung infolge eines schlechteren Wärmeüberganges. Das Problem, welches der Erfindung zu Grunde liegt, besteht darin, eine Rippe mit Abstandshaltern und Durchzug thermodynamisch und fertigungstechnisch günstig zu gestalten.Flat ribs (plate fins) and heat exchangers with ribs are known by the DE 10 2005 032 812 A1 , The ribs have openings with collars, so-called passages, for receiving flat tubes. The ribs are stacked at a certain distance, the so-called rib pitch, and the tubes are inserted into the passages, which is preferably done automatically. Tubes and ribs of the known system consist of aluminum or aluminum alloys and are soldered together in the area of the passages. The known rib has between the passages gill fields and turbulators, which also serve to produce the rib spacing. Since the turbulators are arranged in the area of the gill fields, there is a loss of thermodynamic performance due to a poorer heat transfer. The problem underlying the invention is to make a rib with spacers and passage thermodynamically and manufacturing technology favorable.

Bei gelöteten Systemen ist es auch bekannt, den Rippenabstand durch Abstandshalter außerhalb des Kiemenbereiches herzustellen. Durch die DE 1 452 427 A wurde ein lötbarer Wärmeübertragerblock bekannt, welcher aus flachen Rippen und Flachrohren besteht, wobei die Rippen Durchtrittsöffnungen für die Rohre und die Öffnungen einfassende Kragen mit einer hochgebogenen Abstandslasche aufweisen. Die Abstandslasche ist Teil eines Kragenabschnittes und überragt diesen in der Höhe. Die Kragenabschnitte und die Abstandslaschen haben unterschiedliche Funktionen: die Kragenabschnitte liegen über einen großen Teil des Umfanges am Flachrohr an und werden mit diesem verlötet. Die hochgebogenen Abstandslaschen dienen der Fixierung des Abstandes bei der Aufeinanderschichtung der ebenen Rippen, sie werden bei diesem Schichtvorgang auf Druck bzw. Knickung beansprucht. Da bei der bekannten Rippe die Abstandslasche körperlich mit dem Kragen verbunden ist, kommt es zu einer gegenseitigen Beeinflussung der Funktionen. Nachteilig hierbei ist, dass der Lötspalt durch die Druck- und Knickbeanspruchung des Abstandshalters unzulässig vergrößert werden kann, was zu einer unzureichenden Verlötung und damit zu einer reduzierten thermischen Leistung des Wärmeübertragers führt.In soldered systems it is also known to make the rib spacing by spacers outside the gill area. By the DE 1 452 427 A a solderable heat exchanger block has been known, which consists of flat ribs and flat tubes, wherein the ribs have passage openings for the tubes and the openings enclosing collar with a bent-up spacer tab. The spacer flap is part of a collar section and towers above it in height. The collar portions and the spacer tabs have different functions: the collar portions lie over a large part of the circumference of the flat tube and are soldered to it. The raised spacer plates are used to fix the distance in the stacking of the flat ribs, they are claimed in this layering process to pressure or buckling. Since in the known rib, the spacer tab is physically connected to the collar, there is a mutual influence of the functions. The disadvantage here is that the soldering gap can be increased inadmissible by the pressure and buckling of the spacer, resulting in insufficient soldering and thus to a reduced thermal performance of the heat exchanger.

Bei mechanisch gefügten, d. h. nicht gelöteten Systemen ist es auch bekannt, Abstandshalter für die Rippenteilung am Rippendurchzug anzuordnen. Durch die DE 37 28 969 A1 der Anmelderin wurde eine Rippe für einen Wärmetauscher mit runden (kreisförmigen) Rohren bekannt, welche in runden Rippendurchzügen aufgenommen sind. Die Rippendurchzüge weisen an ihrem freien Ende rechtwinklig zur Rohrachse abragende, sternförmig angeordnete Abstandsflächen auf, welche aus dem Rippenmaterial bei der Herstellung des Durchzuges ausgeformt sind. Hierdurch lässt sich der Rippenabstand gut fixieren, es gibt auch keine negative Beeinträchtigung der mechanischen Verbindung zwischen Rundrohr und Rippendurchzug - allerdings gilt dies nur für kreisförmige Rohre mit einer symmetrischen Beanspruchung des Durchzuges.In mechanically joined, ie not brazed, systems, it is also known to arrange spacers for the rib division on the rib passage. By the DE 37 28 969 A1 The applicant has been aware of a fin for a heat exchanger with round (circular) tubes which are received in round rib passages. The ribbed passages have at their free end at right angles to the tube axis projecting, star-shaped arranged spacer surfaces, which are formed from the rib material in the production of the passage. As a result, the rib distance can be fixed well, there is also no negative effect on the mechanical connection between round tube and ribbed passage - however, this only applies to circular tubes with a symmetrical stress on the passage.

Durch die DE 39 10 357 A1 wurde eine Rippe mit Durchzügen für Ovalrohre, insbesondere für flachovale Rohre bekannt, welche die Durchzüge durchsetzen und gegenüber den Durchzügen mechanisch aufgeweitet sind. Der bekannte Durchzug weist zur Vermeidung des Einreißens beim Durchziehvorgang unterschiedliche Kragenhöhen auf. Abstandshalter sind am Durchzug nicht vorgesehen.By the DE 39 10 357 A1 was a rib with passages for oval tubes, especially for flachovale pipes known which enforce the passages and are mechanically widened compared to the passages. The known Draft has different collar heights to avoid tearing when pulling through. Spacers are not provided on the passage.

Durch die DE 34 23 746 C2 wurde ein mechanisch gefügtes System für einen Wärmeübertrager mit Ovalrohren bekannt, welche ein Paket von Flachrippen durchsetzen. Die Rippen weisen entsprechend dem Rohrquerschnitt geformte ovale Durchzüge auf, welche an ihren langen Seiten, d. h. denen mit geringerer Krümmung, sichelförmige, rechtwinklig abgebogenen Abstandsflächen aufweisen. Letztere dienen als Abstandshalter zur Herstellung der Rippenteilung. Auch hier ist der Abstandshalter in den Durchzug integriert, sodass eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Funktionen vorliegt.By the DE 34 23 746 C2 a mechanically joined system for a heat exchanger with oval tubes was known, which enforce a package of flat ribs. The ribs have corresponding to the tube cross-section formed oval passages, which have on their long sides, ie those with less curvature, crescent-shaped, bent at right angles spacer surfaces. The latter serve as spacers for producing the rib division. Again, the spacer is integrated into the passage, so that there is a mutual influence of the functions.

Durch die EP 0 672 882 B1 der Anmelderin wurde eine Rippe eines mechanisch gefügten Systems mit Flachrohren bekannt, bei welcher Abstandshalter in Form von nach außen ausgeprägten Nasen in Rippendurchzüge integriert sind. Hier liegt ebenfalls eine gegenseitige Abhängigkeit der Funktionen Abstandshaltung und enge Anlage des Durchzuges am Rohr vor.By the EP 0 672 882 B1 The applicant has been aware of a rib of a mechanically joined system with flat tubes, in which spacers in the form of outwardly projecting lugs are integrated in ribbed passages. Here is also a mutual dependence of the functions spacing and tight system of the passage on the pipe before.

Durch de DE 197 41 856 A1 der Anmelderin wurde ein weiteres mechanisch gefügtes Flachrohrsystem mit einer Rippe bekannt, welche ebenfalls integrierte Abstandshalter aufweist. Darüber hinaus wird diese Rippe ohne Stanzabfälle hergestellt, indem auf eine Lochstanzung zu Gunsten eines Trennschnittes verzichtet wird.By de DE 197 41 856 A1 The applicant has been known another mechanically joined flat tube system with a rib, which also has integrated spacers. In addition, this rib is produced without punching waste by omitting a hole punching in favor of a separating cut.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Rippe der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass eine einwandfreie Verbindung mit dem Flachrohr, eine definierte Abstandshaltung zur Einhaltung einer Rippenteilung und auch eine Steigerung der thermodynamischen Leistung erreicht wird. Es ist ferner Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Wärmeübertrager mit den vorgenannten Eigenschaften sowie ein wirtschaftliches Verfahren zur Herstellung des Wärmeübertrager bereitzustellen, womit insbesondere auch eine einwandfreie Lötung erzielbar ist.It is an object of the present invention to improve a rib of the type mentioned in that a perfect connection with the flat tube, a defined distance to maintain a rib pitch and also an increase in the thermodynamic performance is achieved. It is a further object of the invention to provide a heat exchanger with the aforementioned properties as well as an economical process for the production of the heat exchanger, which in particular also a perfect soldering can be achieved.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird zunächst durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Kragen, der die Öffnungen zur Aufnahme der Flachrohre umgibt, sowohl die Funktion einer Kontaktfläche als auch die Funktion einer Abstandshaltung übernimmt, wobei diese beiden Funktionen voneinander getrennt sind, und zwar in der Weise, dass sie sich nicht gegenseitig (negativ) beeinflussen. Dies ergibt den Vorteil, dass jede Funktion des Kragens unbeeinträchtigt von der anderen, d. h. hundertprozentig erfüllt werden kann. Beispielsweise wird bei Ausübung der Abstandshalterfunktion (Druckbeanspruchung des Kragens) die Andrückkraft des Kragens zur Fixierung der Rippen am Rohr nicht beeinträchtigt - vielmehr kann der Kragen eine unverminderte Spannung bzw. Anpressung am Flachrohr aufrechterhalten. Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt die Funktionentrennung dadurch, dass der Kragen - in Umfangsrichtung gesehen - in einzelne Teilbereiche unterteilt ist, wobei die Teilbereiche gleiche oder unterschiedliche Funktionen ausüben. So können mindestens zwei erste Teilbereiche ausschließlich die Funktion der Anpressung des Kragens an das Flachrohr übernehmen, und mindestens ein zweiter Teilbereich kann ausschließlich die Funktion der Abstandshaltung ausüben.The object of the invention is first achieved by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the collar which surrounds the openings for receiving the flat tubes assumes both the function of a contact surface and the function of spacing, these two functions being separated from one another in such a way that they do not mutually engage one another. influence negatively. This gives the advantage that each function of the collar is undisturbed by the other, i. H. one hundred percent can be fulfilled. For example, when exerting the spacer function (compressive stress of the collar), the pressing force of the collar for fixing the ribs on the tube is not impaired - rather, the collar can maintain an undiminished tension or contact pressure on the flat tube. Advantageously, the function separation takes place in that the collar - as seen in the circumferential direction - is divided into individual subregions, wherein the subsections perform the same or different functions. Thus, at least two first subregions can only assume the function of pressing the collar onto the flat tube, and at least one second subarea can exclusively perform the function of spacing.

Die Trennung der Funktionen bzw. der Teilbereiche kann vorteilhaft durch Trennschnitte, verteilt über den Umfang des Kragens, vorgenommen werden. Der Kragen wird somit in einzelne Abschnitte aufgetrennt, welche eine gefächerte Manschette ergeben, welche den Umfang des Flachrohres umfasst.The separation of the functions or the subregions can be advantageously carried out by separating cuts distributed over the circumference of the collar. The collar is thus separated into individual sections, which result in a fan-shaped collar which encompasses the circumference of the flat tube.

Zusätzlich zu den beiden Funktionen Kontaktflächen und Abstandshalter kann durch einen dritten Teilbereich eine weitere Funktion, nämlich die der Strömungsbeeinflussung durch entsprechende Gestaltung des dritten Teilbereiches vorgesehen sein. Somit ergibt sich als Vorteil, dass die Abstandshalter nicht im ebenen Rippenbereich, insbesondere nicht im Bereich der Kiemenfelder, angeordnet sind, sodass der rippenseitige Wärmeübergang optimiert werden kann. Zusätzlich wird die Fläche des Kragens genutzt, um durch die dritten Teilbereiche in Form von strömungsbeeinflussenden Elementen den Wärmeübergang weiter zu verbessern.In addition to the two functions contact surfaces and spacers can be provided by a third portion of another function, namely the flow influencing by appropriate design of the third portion. This results in the advantage that the spacers are not arranged in the flat rib area, in particular not in the area of the gill fields, so that the rib-side heat transfer can be optimized. In addition, the surface of the collar is used to further improve the heat transfer through the third sections in the form of flow-influencing elements.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird auch durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 3 für einen Wärmeübertrager gelöst, der mit der erfindungsgemäßen Rippe ausgestattet ist. Durch Verwendung dieser Rippe können die thermodynamische Leistung des Wärmeübertragers erhöht und die Herstellkosten gesenkt werden.The object of the invention is also achieved by the features of claim 3 for a heat exchanger, which is equipped with the rib according to the invention. By using this rib, the thermodynamic performance of the heat exchanger can be increased and the manufacturing costs reduced.

Vorteilhafterweise bestehen Flachrohre und Rippen aus Aluminium bzw. Aluminiumlegierungen und werden durch Hartlötung stofflich miteinander verbunden. Damit wird der Vorteil einer höheren Wärmeübertragungsleistung erzielt. Vorteilhaft sind dabei die Lotspalte zwischen Kragen und Flachrohren konisch ausgebildet. Dies ergibt den Vorteil, dass eine mechanische Fertigung (Einfädeln der Rohre in die Kragenöffnungen) möglich ist und durch die Lotnaht eine Verstärkung des Rohrquerschnittes erzielt wird.Advantageously, flat tubes and ribs made of aluminum or aluminum alloys and are connected by brazing materially. Thus, the advantage of a higher heat transfer performance is achieved. Advantageously, the solder gaps between the collar and flat tubes are conical. This results in the advantage that a mechanical production (threading of the tubes in the collar openings) is possible and by the solder seam reinforcing the pipe cross-section is achieved.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird schließlich auch durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 8 gelöst. Die erfindungsgemäßen ersten Teilbereiche dienen dabei als Kontaktflächen und bewirken einerseits eine Fixierung von Rippe und Rohr und andererseits die Sicherstellung eines definierten Lotspaltes zur Erzielung einer fehlerfreien Lötung. Die zweiten Teilbereiche in Form von Abstandshaltern gewährleisten beim Aufeinanderschichten der Rippen den vorgegebenen Rippenabstand (Rippenteilung). Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat somit den Vorteil einer höheren Prozesssicherheit, da die geforderten Prozessparameter Verlötung und Rippenteilung mit höherer Sicherheit eingehalten werden können. Dies senkt die Herstellkosten des Wärmeübertragers.The object of the invention is finally achieved by a method having the features of claim 8. The first partial areas according to the invention serve as contact surfaces and on the one hand cause a fixation of rib and tube and on the other hand ensure the securing of a defined Lotspaltes to achieve a flawless soldering. The second subregions in the form of spacers ensure the specified rib spacing (rib pitch) when the ribs are stacked on one another. The inventive method thus has the advantage of a higher process reliability, since the required process parameters soldering and rib division can be maintained with greater security. This lowers the manufacturing costs of the heat exchanger.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Kragen einer Flachrippe und
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht des Kragens gemäß Fig. 1.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a plan view of a collar according to the invention a flat rib and
Fig. 2
a view of the collar according to Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine im Wesentlichen ebene, in der Zeichenebene angeordnete Rippe 1, welche eine Öffnung 2 mit einem Kragen 3 aufweist. Die Rippe 1 ist Teil eines nicht dargestellten. Rippenpaketes, welches mit den Öffnungen 2 durchsetzenden, nicht dargestellten Flachrohren verbunden ist, vorzugsweise durch Lötung. Der Kragen 3 und die Rippe 1 sind einstückig aus einem dünnen Blech, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung hergestellt, wobei die Materialdicke der Rippen 1 im Bereich von Hundertstel Millimetern liegt. Bezüglicher weiterer Einzelheiten wird auf die eingangs genannte DE 10 2005 032 812 A1 verwiesenDie Öffnung 2 ist als Langloch zur Aufnahme der nicht dargestellten Flachrohre ausgebildet und weist - über den Umfang verteilt - mehrere, teilweise unterschiedlich ausgebildete Kragenabschnitte 3a bis 3l auf, welche durch Spalte 4 voneinander getrennt sind. Die Kragenabschnitte 3a bis 3l weisen zum Teil gleiche, zum Teil unterschiedliche Funktionen auf: Die Kragenabschnitt 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k haben die Funktion von Kontaktflächen, welche sich möglichst eng und mit einer definierten Spaltweite an das nicht dargestellte Flachrohr anlegen. Letzteres gilt auch für die an den Schmalseiten des Langloches 2 angeordneten Kragenabschnitte 3f, 3l, welche gleichzeitig einer Längszentrierung des Flachrohres in der Öffnung 2 dienen. Die Kragenabschnitte 3d, 3j, welche auf sich gegenüber liegenden Längsseiten angeordnet sind, haben die Funktion von Abstandshaltern; sie sind daher an ihrem freien Ende (oberhalb der Zeichenebene liegend) parallel zur Ebene der Rippe 1 nach außen abgebogen und bilden halbkreisförmig ausgebildete Anlageflächen für die nächstfolgende Rippe. Die Kragenabschnitte 3b, 3h haben die Funktion von strömungsführenden oder strömungsbeeinflussenden Elementen, beispielsweise zur Erzeugung einer turbulenten Strömung eines die Kragen außen umspülenden Mediums, insbesondere Luft, deren Strömungsrichtung durch einen Pfeil L dargestellt ist. Hierfür sind - wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich - die Kragenabschnitte 3b, 3h nach außen, d. h. aus der ovalen Kontur des Kragens 3 nach außen ausgestellt. Bei einer Anströmung des Kragens 3 bzw. des darin befindlichen Flachrohres in Richtung des Pfeiles L ergibt sich somit hinter den strömungsbeeinflussenden Elementen 3b, 3h eine Verwirbelung infolge eines Strömungsabrisses an der Außenkante. Dies erhöht den Wärmeübergang im Bereich der Längsseiten des Flachrohres. Die dargestellte Geometrie und die Anordnung der Kragenabschnitte 3a bis 3l sind beispielhaft, sie kann im Rahmen der Erfindung variiert werden. Wesentlich dabei ist allerdings, dass die Kragenabschnitte, welche unterschiedliche Funktionen ausüben, voneinander getrennt sind, sodass sich keine gegenseitige ungünstige Beeinflussung ergibt. Die Kragenabschnitte 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k sind (in Umfangsrichtung gesehen) relativ lange Abschnitte, um eine weitgehende Anlage am Flachrohr zu erreichen. Die Kragenabschnitte 3d, 3j zur Abstandshaltung sind dagegen relativ kurz (in Umfangsrichtung gesehen) ausgebildet. Gleiches gilt für die strömungsführenden Elemente 3b, 3h. Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a substantially planar, arranged in the plane of rib 1, which has an opening 2 with a collar. 3 having. The rib 1 is part of a not shown. Ribbed packet, which is connected to the openings 2, not shown flat tubes, preferably by soldering. The collar 3 and the rib 1 are made in one piece from a thin sheet, preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, wherein the material thickness of the ribs 1 is in the range of hundredths of a millimeter. For further details, the above-mentioned DE 10 2005 032 812 A1 The opening 2 is formed as a slot for receiving the flat tubes, not shown, and has - distributed over the circumference - a plurality of partially differently shaped collar portions 3a to 3l, which are separated by column 4. The collar portions 3a to 3l have partly the same, sometimes different functions: The collar portion 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k have the function of contact surfaces, which create the narrowest possible and with a defined gap width of the flat tube, not shown , The latter also applies to the arranged on the narrow sides of the elongated hole 2 collar portions 3f, 3l, which simultaneously serve a longitudinal centering of the flat tube in the opening 2. The collar sections 3d, 3j, which are arranged on opposite longitudinal sides, have the function of spacers; they are therefore bent at its free end (lying above the plane of the drawing) parallel to the plane of the rib 1 to the outside and form semicircular contact surfaces for the next following rib. The collar sections 3b, 3h have the function of flow-guiding or flow-influencing elements, for example, for generating a turbulent flow of a collar surrounding the outside of the medium, in particular air, whose flow direction is represented by an arrow L. For this purpose - as shown in the drawing - the collar sections 3b, 3h issued to the outside, ie from the oval contour of the collar 3 to the outside. In the case of an inflow of the collar 3 or of the flat tube located therein in the direction of the arrow L, a turbulence therefore results behind the flow-influencing elements 3b, 3h as a result of a stall on the outer edge. This increases the heat transfer in the region of the longitudinal sides of the flat tube. The illustrated geometry and the arrangement of the collar sections 3a to 3l are exemplary, they can be varied within the scope of the invention. It is essential, however, that the collar sections, which perform different functions, are separated from each other, so that there is no mutual unfavorable influence. The collar sections 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k are (in the circumferential direction) relatively long sections in order to achieve a substantial contact with the flat tube. The collar sections 3d, 3j for spacing are on the other hand relatively short (seen in the circumferential direction) formed. The same applies to the flow-guiding elements 3b, 3h.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ansicht des Kragens 3 mit den Kragenabschnitten 3g, 3i, 3k sowie 3f, 31 zur Kontakthaltung, dem Kragenabschnitt 3j zur Abstandshaltung sowie dem Kragenabschnitt 3h zur Beeinflussung der Strömung außerhalb des Flachrohres. Der Kragen 3 weist eine Oberkante b und eine Höhe t auf, die von der Rippenebene 1 (strichpunktiert dargestellt) bis zur Oberkante b reicht und der Rippenteilung entspricht. Aus beiden Figuren 1 und 2 ist erkennbar, dass die einzelnen Abschnitte, möglicherweise mit Ausnahme der strömungsbeeinflussenden Elemente 3b, 3h konisch zur Längsrichtung des Flachrohres angeordnet sind, d. h. sie bilden vor und nach dem Einfädeln des Flachrohres in die Rippe 1 einen konischen_Spalt, der insbesondere bei der Verlötung von Rippe und Rohr vorteilhaft ist. Hierzu wird wiederum auf die vorgenannte offen gelegte Patentanmeldung verwiesen. Es liegt jedoch auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, die Kragenabschnitte 3a bis 31, zumindest teilweise senkrecht zur Rippenebene auszubilden, nach Art eines Durchzuges, welcher im Wesentlichen zylindrische Wandungen aufweist. Für eine automatische Montage der Rohre, d. h. das Einstecken der Rohre in die Rippen ist jedoch ein konisch ausgebildeter Kragen von Vorteil. Fig. 2 shows a view of the collar 3 with the collar portions 3g, 3i, 3k and 3f, 31 for maintaining contact, the collar portion 3j for spacing and the collar portion 3h for influencing the flow outside the flat tube. The collar 3 has an upper edge b and a height t, which extends from the rib plane 1 (shown in phantom) to the upper edge b and corresponds to the rib pitch. From both Figures 1 and 2 It can be seen that the individual sections, possibly with the exception of the flow-influencing elements 3b, 3h are arranged conically to the longitudinal direction of the flat tube, ie they form before and after the threading of the flat tube into the rib 1 a konischen_Spalt, in particular in the soldering of rib and Tube is advantageous. For this purpose, reference is again made to the aforementioned published patent application. However, it is also within the scope of the invention, the collar portions 3a to 31, at least partially form perpendicular to the rib plane, in the manner of a passage, which has substantially cylindrical walls. For an automatic assembly of the tubes, ie the insertion of the tubes into the ribs, however, a conically shaped collar is advantageous.

In Fig. 2 sind die Trennspalte 4 zwischen den einzelnen Kragenabschnitten 3g bis 3l besonders gut erkennbar; die Spalte 4 reichen von der Oberkante b des Kragens 3 etwa bis zur strichpunktiert angedeuteten Rippenebene 1 hinunter und bewirken somit eine körperliche Trennung der Abschnitte 3g bis 3l in Umfangsrichtung voneinander, ebenso der in Fig. 2 nicht sichtbaren Abschnitte 3a bis 3e. Diese körperliche Trennung führt zu einer Trennung der Funktionen der einzelnen Abschnitte, was an folgendem Beispiel erläutert tert wird: Bei der Montage des Rohr/Rippen-Blockes werden die mit Öffnungen 2 und Kragen 3 versehenen Rippen 1 zu einem Paket geschichtet, wobei die Abstandshalter 3d, 3j für eine Beabstandung der Rippen auf ein vorbestimmtes Maß, die Rippenteilung t, sorgen. In dieses Rippenpaket werden dann die Flachrohre, vorzugsweise automatisch eingefädelt bzw. eingesteckt. Dabei legen sich die Kontaktabschnitte 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k sowie 3f, 31 eng an den Umfang des Flachrohres an. Beim Einschieben der Flachrohre werden die Rippen infolge Reibung zwischen Flachrohr und Kragen 3 aufeinander gedrückt, wobei diese Druckbelastung von den Abstandshaltern 3d, 3j aufgenommen wird. Diese sind hierfür ausgebildet und ausgelegt - dennoch können Verformungen entstehen, die allerdings infolge Trennung durch die Spalte 4 nicht auf die benachbarten Kontaktabschnitte übertragen werden - letztere werden somit von einer derartigen Druckbelastung nicht in ihrer Wirkung als Kontaktflächen zur Erzeugung einer definierten Anpresskraft beeinträchtigt, da sie durch die Trennspalte 4 isoliert sind. Somit wird ein bezüglich der Rippenteilung t maßgerechter Block mit definierten Lotspalten erzeugt, welcher durch die Anpressung der Kontaktflächen fixiert und somit innerbetrieblich transportfähig ist. Der so für den Lötprozess vorbereitete Rohr/Rippen-Block kann dann in einen Lötofen verbracht und dort fertig gelötet werden, möglicherweise auch gleichzeitig mit nicht dargestellten Röhrböden oder Sammelkästen. Infolge der definierten Lötspalte ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige und vollständige Verlötung des Blockes, verbunden mit einer maximalen thermischen Leistung, wobei gleichzeitig eine definierte Rippenteilung erzielt wird. Das Herstellungsverfahren des Rohr/Rippen-Blockes bzw. des Wärmeübertragers erhält somit eine hohe Prozesssicherheit, wodurch die Qualität gesteigert und die Herstellkosten gesenkt werden.In Fig. 2 the separation gaps 4 between the individual collar sections 3g to 3l are particularly clearly visible; the gaps 4 extend from the upper edge b of the collar 3 down to the dash-dotted line indicated rib plane 1 and thus cause a physical separation of the sections 3g to 3l in the circumferential direction from each other, as well as in Fig. 2 invisible sections 3a to 3e. This physical separation leads to a separation of the functions of the individual sections, which is explained by the following example During assembly of the tube / fin block, the ribs 1 provided with openings 2 and collar 3 are laminated into a package, the spacers 3d, 3j providing for a spacing of the ribs to a predetermined extent, the rib pitch t. In this rib package then the flat tubes, preferably automatically threaded or inserted. In this case, the contact portions 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k and 3f, 31 fit tightly against the circumference of the flat tube. When inserting the flat tubes, the ribs are pressed against each other due to friction between the flat tube and collar 3, wherein this pressure load is absorbed by the spacers 3d, 3j. These are designed and designed for this purpose - yet deformations may occur, which are not transmitted due to separation through the column 4 on the adjacent contact sections - the latter are thus not affected by such a pressure load in their effect as contact surfaces for generating a defined contact force, as they are isolated by the separation column 4. Thus, with respect to the rib pitch t tailor-made block is generated with defined Lotspalten, which is fixed by the contact pressure of the contact surfaces and thus transportable within the company. The thus prepared for the soldering process tube / rib block can then be placed in a soldering oven and soldered there, possibly also simultaneously with unillustrated tubes or collection boxes. As a result of the defined solder gaps results in a uniform and complete soldering of the block, combined with a maximum thermal performance, at the same time a defined rib pitch is achieved. The manufacturing process of the tube / rib block or the heat exchanger thus receives a high process reliability, whereby the quality is increased and the production costs are reduced.

Die Herstellung der Öffnungen 2 mit Kragen 3 und Spalten 4 kann analog der eingangs genannten DE 197 41 856 A1 der Anmelderin erfolgen, d. h. durch Herstellung von Trennschnitten und Prägen der Kragenabschnitte 3a bis 31, d. h. ohne Stanzabfälle.The preparation of the openings 2 with collar 3 and 4 columns can be analogous to the aforementioned DE 197 41 856 A1 Applicant done, ie by making cuts and embossing the collar sections 3a to 31, ie without punching waste.

Claims (8)

  1. Fin (1) for a heat exchanger which is formed essentially evenly and can be stacked to a fin package and which has openings (2) with a collar (3) for receiving flat tubes and spacers for observing the fin division t, where the collar (3) carries out at least the function of contact and/or pressing surfaces (3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k) and the function of keeping a spacing (3d, 3j), and the functions are separated from one another in such a manner that the collar (3) is divided in partial regions (3a to 3l) - distributed over the circumference -, where different partial regions carry out different functions independent from each other, where the partial regions (3a to 3l) of the collar (3) are separated from each other by separating cuts (4) and the collar (3) has first partial regions (3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k), which carry out the function of the contact and/or pressing surfaces, and the collar (3) has second partial regions (3d, 3j), which carry out the function of keeping the spacing, and the first partial regions are formed as relatively long collar sections (3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k) and are arranged on the longitudinal sides of the collar (3), and the second partial regions are formed as relatively short collar sections (3d, 3j), which comprise a spacing element at the end side, an angled spacing surface.
  2. Fin according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the collar (3) has third partial regions (3b, 3h), which carry out a third function, especially the function of a flow influence.
  3. Fin according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the third partial regions are formed as flow-guiding elements (3b, 3h), especially as turbulence generators.
  4. Heat exchanger having a block of fins laced with flat tubes, characterised in that the fins (1) are formed according to at least one of the preceding claims.
  5. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterised in that tubes and fins can be produced of an aluminium material or an aluminium alloy.
  6. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterised in that the flat tubes are soldered with the fins (1) in the region of the collar (3).
  7. Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterised in that the collars, especially the first partial regions (3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 31, 3k) form conical solder gaps with the flat tubes.
  8. Method for the production of a heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 4 to 7, characterised by the following method steps:
    a) providing a flat fin band,
    b) producing the openings (2) and collar (3) in the fin band,
    c) trimming the fin band to fin length,
    d) stacking the fins (1) to a block,
    e) inserting the flat tubes into the openings (2),
    f) production of the fn division (t) by abutting the fins (1) to the second partial regions (spacers 3d, 3j) and fixing the fins (1) on the flat tubes through the first partial regions (contact surfaces 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3i, 3k) and
    g) transfer of the fixed tube/fin block into a solder oven, and soldering of tubes and fins (1).
EP20060016505 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Fin for heat exchanger, heat exchanger with such a fin and method for producing the heat exchanger Expired - Fee Related EP1890101B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200650005252 DE502006005252D1 (en) 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Rib for a heat exchanger, heat exchanger with such a rib and method for producing the heat exchanger
EP20060016505 EP1890101B1 (en) 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Fin for heat exchanger, heat exchanger with such a fin and method for producing the heat exchanger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20060016505 EP1890101B1 (en) 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Fin for heat exchanger, heat exchanger with such a fin and method for producing the heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1890101A1 EP1890101A1 (en) 2008-02-20
EP1890101B1 true EP1890101B1 (en) 2009-10-28

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EP (1) EP1890101B1 (en)
DE (1) DE502006005252D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012002234A1 (en) * 2012-02-04 2013-08-08 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger, particularly radiator for vehicle, has multiple fins oriented perpendicular to tubing, where adjacent fins surround intermediate space by spacers, and sections of web or spacer are formed on base side or on mold side of fin
FR3037388B1 (en) * 2015-06-12 2019-07-26 Valeo Systemes Thermiques WING OF A HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND CORRESPONDING HEAT EXCHANGER
DE202017103235U1 (en) * 2017-05-30 2018-08-31 Autokühler GmbH & Co KG heat exchangers
CN112344763B (en) * 2019-08-07 2022-04-01 丹佛斯有限公司 Method for manufacturing heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE971929C (en) * 1941-05-13 1959-04-16 Albert Bertholdt Henninger Process for the production of tubular coolers from aluminum or aluminum alloys
DE4404837A1 (en) * 1994-02-16 1995-08-17 Behr Gmbh & Co Rib for heat exchangers
US20050155750A1 (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-21 Mitchell Paul L. Brazed plate fin heat exchanger

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