EP1888851A1 - Circuit hydraulique pour engin de travaux publics et engin equipe d'un tel circuit - Google Patents
Circuit hydraulique pour engin de travaux publics et engin equipe d'un tel circuitInfo
- Publication number
- EP1888851A1 EP1888851A1 EP05762707A EP05762707A EP1888851A1 EP 1888851 A1 EP1888851 A1 EP 1888851A1 EP 05762707 A EP05762707 A EP 05762707A EP 05762707 A EP05762707 A EP 05762707A EP 1888851 A1 EP1888851 A1 EP 1888851A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hydraulic
- circuit
- pump
- pressure
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/226—Safety arrangements, e.g. hydraulic driven fans, preventing cavitation, leakage, overheating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of public works machinery, including excavators and other similar machines, equipped with a hydraulic circuit for moving the various parts that compose it.
- the invention relates to the type of gear equipped with a heat engine driving a pump whose flow rate is regulated according to the principle of "load sensing", that is to say in which the flow delivered by the pump is adjusted to a set point or demand, as opposed to the so-called
- the invention relates more particularly to a design of the hydraulic circuit of this type of machine which is particularly advantageous because it allows to provide various functions essential to the proper functioning of a machine, while allowing to reduce the number hydraulic pumps required.
- the supply is made by means of two valves, one located on the pump, the other at the entrance of the main distributor. These valves are activated alternately according to the working situation of the machine: the first one is activated when the machine is operating in "stand-by", that is to say when it has just started or when no movement of work equipment or turret is not performed. This first valve is also activated when the machine operates with a low flow demand. The second valve is activated when the work rate is higher. It is understood that this type of system is relatively complex, and leads to a very difficult management of failures or disturbances of the system.
- An alternative architecture is to use two separate pumps, both driven by the engine.
- a main pump "load sensing" is dedicated to the power circuit, while an auxiliary pump is used to supply circuits providing auxiliary functions, requiring less power.
- auxiliary functions include in particular the supply under an intermediate pressure, of the order of a few tens of bars, for feeding the control circuit of the machine. It is this intermediate pressure which feeds the various hydraulic manipulators in charge of the control of the various organs of the machine.
- the auxiliary circuit provides a fixed scan of the order of a few tens of liters per minute. Indeed, in this case, the flow is almost zero on the power circuit, but it is necessary to ensure a minimum flow rate of the auxiliary control circuit to prevent excessive rise in the oil temperature.
- Another important function provided by the pump and the auxiliary circuit concerns the prevention of cavitation phenomena that can occur at the different hydraulic actuators. Indeed, when a motion control is interrupted at an actuator, the fluid supply of the latter is almost immediately cut, while the mechanical inertia causes the moving parts of the actuator to stop not immediately. It follows suction phenomena that cause pressure drops. The pressure may fall below a threshold at which cavitation phenomena occur. These cavitation phenomena are particularly detrimental to the service life of the actuators. Thus, a hydraulic motor whose flow supply is cut off has a pump behavior in the stopping phase of the moving part. To avoid cavitation phenomena, the actuators, and in particular the hydraulic motors are equipped with a feeding port through which a fluid supply occurs when the pressure within the actuator drops too strongly.
- the document EP 1 126 088 illustrates an example of mounting a hydraulic circuit for providing a feed rate likely to compensate for the pressure drop following a sudden stop of the supply of the cylinders.
- the hydraulic circuit described in this document comprises a pressure reducer connected to the output of the supply pump of the actuator may cavitate.
- This reducer is connected upstream of a nonreturn valve located itself on the fluid return line.
- This reducer delivers a pressure at a level lower than the calibration pressure of the non-return valve, so that when the pressure falls sharply at the actuator, this reducer makes it possible to deliver a feed rate sufficient to prevent the appearance of cavitation phenomena.
- This device is not suitable for treating any fluid heating that would occur when the machine is in standby mode or "stand by". It also requires an additional special pump specific to the auxiliary circuit in order to perform the scanning function and to provide pilot pressure.
- One of the objectives of the invention is to make it possible to simultaneously perform the functions of feeding and sweeping as well as piloting, and whatever the mode of operation of the machine, that is to say that it either in idle mode, or in normal operation, or even during sudden interruptions of control of the actuators capable of generating cavitation phenomena.
- One of the objectives of the invention is to ensure this versatility with a reduced number of hydraulic components.
- the invention aims notably at feeding the entire hydraulic circuit of the machine by means of a single hydraulic pump.
- the invention therefore relates to a hydraulic circuit for public works machinery, which comprises a hydraulic pump driven by a heat engine, according to a logic of "load sensing".
- This hydraulic circuit also comprises a hydraulic motor, ensuring the displacement of a part of the machine, as well as a set of hydraulic actuators.
- the hydraulic circuit also comprises a device for cooling the fluid circulating therein.
- this circuit is characterized in that it comprises: a pressure reducing device, connected to the output of said pump, and delivering a first pressure level, this reducing device being connected to the booster port of said engine hydraulic; • a set connecting in parallel a non-return valve and a calibrated restriction, which can thus be described as "mono-directional restrictor".
- This assembly is connected downstream of the booster port of the hydraulic motor and the return line of the distributor, and upstream of the cooling device.
- the combination of the pressure reducer, the non-return valve and calibrated origin characteristics advantageously allows to simultaneously perform the functions of feeding and sweeping, regardless of the mode of operation of the machine.
- the invention makes it possible to reduce the torque absorbed by the cold pump because the sweep rate to be supplied is low. This results in faster temperature setting of the system. In fact, a lower sweeping flow makes the oil in the drainage circuit of the pump heats up more quickly.
- a feeding rate makes it possible to avoid cavitation phenomena.
- This feed rate is delivered by the pressure reducer, which saturates at the same time the calibrated restriction. This flow rate can be particularly high for a short period.
- the sweeping flow is essentially ensured thanks to the line feedback from actuator control valves.
- the characteristic reducer thus remains closed, thus limiting the consumption at the main pump.
- the combination of the three characteristic hydraulic components, namely: the pressure reducer, the non-return valve and the calibrated restriction allow to obtain a hydraulic operation of the machine by means of a single pump, in comparison with the prior art systems, including a main pump and an auxiliary pump responsible for scanning, feeding and steering functions.
- the calibrated restriction and the check valve can be in a single hydraulic component, when the calibrated restriction is made in the movable body of the non-return valve. This configuration reduces the size of the hardware needed to perform this dual function, as well as connectivity problems.
- said hydraulic circuit advantageously comprises a second pressure reducer, capable of delivering a second pressure level, intended for the control members of the machine.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a machine of public works on which can be mounted the hydraulic circuit according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the main elements of the hydraulic circuit of the invention.
- FIGS 3 to 5 are diagrams identical to that of Figure 2, shown in three modes of operation separate from the machine and in which the fluid-traversed conduits are shown in bold lines.
- the invention relates to public works machinery in the broad sense, using a hydraulic circuit for maneuvering the various elements that compose it.
- An example of such a machine is shown in Figure 1.
- Such a machine 1 comprises a work equipment 2, the various elements 3-5 are articulated with respect to each other and relative to the frame 7 of the machine.
- the cabin 8 and the work equipment 2 are advantageously mounted on a turret, with an orientation capacity according to the arrow F to allow rotation and setting optimal position of the work equipment.
- the rotation of the cabin 8 is work equipment 2 is obtained through a hydraulic motor 10 controlled by means of a manipulator present in the cabin.
- the deformation of the work equipment 2 by the articulation of the various elements that make it 3-5 is done through the various hydraulic cylinders 12-14 controlled according to the desired movement.
- the hydraulic circuit 20 is illustrated in Figure 1 and comprises a single hydraulic pump 21, driven by a heat engine 22, and whose flow rate is regulated by a load sensing device that it is not necessary to describe in detail further.
- This hydraulic pump 21 supplies a power circuit 24 at high pressure, typically greater than a hundred bars.
- This power circuit 24 supplies the distributor 29 controlling the various cylinders 12-14 responsible for the movements of the work equipment, as well as the hydraulic motor 10 via the pipe 31 to provide the orientation movement.
- the hydraulic pump 21 also feeds a control circuit 26, located downstream of a pressure reducer 27, delivering a pressure of the order of a few tens of bars, compatible with the hydraulic manipulators used to control the cylinders 12. 14 via the distributor 29.
- the hydraulic circuit comprises an auxiliary circuit 32, making it possible to perform the feeding and characteristic scanning functions. More precisely, this auxiliary circuit comprises a pressure reducer 33 connected to the output of the pump 21. This gearbox 33 delivers a first pressure level. The outlet of the pressure reducer 33 supplies the booster port 34 of the hydraulic motor 10. Similarly, on the pipe 35 connected at the outlet of the gearbox 33 is connected the return line 36 of the distributor 29.
- the gearbox 33 used is a slide gearbox, which makes it possible to avoid acoustic nuisances.
- the characteristic assembly composed of a nonreturn valve 40 connected in parallel with a restriction or calibrated orifice 41.
- these two components are shown separately since they fulfill different hydraulic functions. However, in practice, these two functions are provided by the same hardware component, by drilling the calibrated orifice directly inside the movable body of the non-return valve.
- the assembly consisting of the non-return valve 40 and the calibrated orifice 41 is connected upstream of the cooling devices 45 itself discharging into the oil reservoir 46.
- the calibrated orifice 41 is sized to pass a sweeping flow rate sufficient to limit circuit heating, typically of the order of a few tens of liters per minute.
- the hydraulic circuit according to the invention has the operation described below, and this depending on the operating mode of the machine.
- the pump 21 delivers a minimum flow.
- the reducer 33 is then passing.
- the calibrated orifice 41 is sized to provide a flow in line with the cooling requirements. We can thus distinguish the two cases of figures according to the temperature of the fluid. When the fluid is at a working temperature, of the order of 50 to 60 ° C, the flow rate authorized by the calibrated orifice 41 is greater than a defined minimum necessary for proper cooling of the circuit via the cooler 45.
- the fluid When, on the other hand, the fluid is still cold, its viscosity is higher, and the pressure losses generated are greater.
- the flow rate authorized by the calibrated orifice is therefore lower, typically of the order of a few liters per minute.
- the flow rate in the cooler 45 is therefore lower, but the need for cooling is lower because the fluid is still cold.
- the invention makes it possible to reduce the torque absorbed by the cold pump because the sweep rate to be supplied is low. This results in faster temperature setting of the system. As the flow rate is lower, the oil in the pump drain circuit heats up faster. There is therefore an improvement over existing systems in terms of energy consumption and life of the components used.
- the hydraulic diagram When the machine is in a normal operating mode, that is to say when the various actuators and in particular the cylinders are fed with a continuity of flow, the hydraulic diagram operates as shown in Figure 4.
- the return line 36 of the distributor 29 supplying the actuator 12 is at a pressure level such that, given the pressure drop existing in the orifice 41, the outlet pressure of the gearbox 33 is greater than its triggering threshold. .
- the pressure reducer 33 remains closed. If the pressure at the return line in the distributor is sufficiently high, and typically greater than the opening pressure of the nonreturn valve 40, the latter opens, and the return flow passes through the cooler 45. On the other hand, if the pressure at the return line of the distributor 29 is too low, the flow again passes through the calibrated restriction 41, because then it returns to "stand-by" mode.
- the hydraulic diagram according to the invention also has a major advantage for managing the potential phenomena of cavitation. Indeed, in the case where the control of the hydraulic motor 10 is interrupted, shown schematically by the non-circulation of fluid in the power circuit (FIG. 5), the inertia mechanics causes the engine to operate like a pump. In this case, the pressure at the booster port 34 of the engine would tend to fall sharply. However, the presence of the characteristic reducer 33 makes it open by allowing a large flow, delivered very quickly by the main pump 21.
- This feed-through flow rate makes it possible to avoid the occurrence of cavitation phenomena, because the gearbox 33 delivers in this case the flow rate necessary to avoid the cavitation phenomenon, as well as the flow rate necessary for the saturation of the calibrated restriction 41, linked to pressure level generated by the cavitation conditions.
- the circuit according to the invention has the main advantage of being able to provide feeding functions, control and scanning by means of a single hydraulic pump.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2005/050384 WO2006125873A1 (fr) | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | Circuit hydraulique pour engin de travaux publics et engin equipe d'un tel circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1888851A1 true EP1888851A1 (fr) | 2008-02-20 |
| EP1888851B1 EP1888851B1 (fr) | 2008-12-17 |
Family
ID=35482215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05762707A Expired - Lifetime EP1888851B1 (fr) | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | Circuit hydraulique pour engin de travaux publics et engin équipé d'un tel circuit. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7856819B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1888851B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE417968T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602005011867D1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006125873A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009129666A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-29 | Feng Zhengmin | Système de transmission hydraulique de différentiel de véhicule et pompe à engrenages volumétrique |
| JP5108709B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-12-26 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 建設機械のキャビン防音装置 |
| EP3102451B1 (fr) * | 2014-02-04 | 2019-12-18 | DANA ITALIA S.p.A | Dispositif de commande pour une transmission hydraulique hybride série |
| DE102014206891A1 (de) | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatischer Antrieb |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4354351A (en) | 1980-09-29 | 1982-10-19 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Load sensing steering |
| DE3149026A1 (de) | 1981-12-11 | 1983-06-30 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Steuereinrichtung fuer zwei ueber je einen stromzweig durch eine hochdruckpumpe versorgte hydraulische stellvorrichtungen |
| US4757685A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1988-07-19 | Caterpillar Inc. | Pressure responsive hydraulic control circuit |
| GB2324575B (en) | 1997-04-24 | 2000-08-09 | Caterpillar Inc | Load sense hydraulic system |
| US6073536A (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 2000-06-13 | Campbell; A. Keith | Automotive hydraulic system and method for driving a hydraulic accessory in parallel with a power steering unit |
| US6422804B1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2002-07-23 | Deere & Company | Inertia load dampening hydraulic system |
| JP2004347040A (ja) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd | 作業機械の制御装置 |
-
2005
- 2005-05-27 US US11/915,290 patent/US7856819B2/en active Active
- 2005-05-27 WO PCT/FR2005/050384 patent/WO2006125873A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-05-27 DE DE602005011867T patent/DE602005011867D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-05-27 EP EP05762707A patent/EP1888851B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-05-27 AT AT05762707T patent/ATE417968T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006125873A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1888851B1 (fr) | 2008-12-17 |
| WO2006125873A1 (fr) | 2006-11-30 |
| ATE417968T1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
| DE602005011867D1 (de) | 2009-01-29 |
| US20080196949A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| US7856819B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 |
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