EP1864018A1 - Lifting piston fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating system - Google Patents

Lifting piston fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating system

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Publication number
EP1864018A1
EP1864018A1 EP06722730A EP06722730A EP1864018A1 EP 1864018 A1 EP1864018 A1 EP 1864018A1 EP 06722730 A EP06722730 A EP 06722730A EP 06722730 A EP06722730 A EP 06722730A EP 1864018 A1 EP1864018 A1 EP 1864018A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elastomer
fuel
heating
fuel pump
reciprocating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06722730A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1864018B1 (en
Inventor
Vitali Schmidt
Michael Keppler
Dieter Most
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Webasto SE
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of EP1864018A1 publication Critical patent/EP1864018A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1864018B1 publication Critical patent/EP1864018B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • F04B17/048—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the fluid flowing around the moving part of the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B11/00—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B11/00—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
    • F04B11/0008—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using accumulators
    • F04B11/0033—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using accumulators with a mechanical spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B29/00—Other pumps with movable, e.g. rotatable cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/001—Noise damping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating fuel pump, in particular for a motor vehicle heating, which is electromagnetically driven and is provided for conveying liquid fuel, comprising a damping element comprising an elastomer for damping pulsations generated by the reciprocating piston fuel pump.
  • the invention further relates to a method for starting and operating a run with liquid fuel motor vehicle heating, which has a burner and a reciprocating fuel pump with a damping element comprising an elastomer for damping pulsations generated by the Hubkolbenbrenn- pump.
  • a generic reciprocating fuel pump is known for example from the publication Vehicle and Traffic Engineering, technical communications 97 (2004) Issue 1, pages 9 to 11, and shown as a schematic sectional view in Figure 1.
  • the reciprocating fuel pump 16 'shown in FIG. 1 is intended to deliver liquid fuel in the direction illustrated by the arrows, namely from a fuel inlet 18 to a fuel outlet 20.
  • a winding 22 will be formed energized, whereby a reciprocating piston 24 is electromagnetically set in motion.
  • liquid fuel located in a delivery chamber 30 via a check valve 28 is ejected against the hydraulic resistance of the output line. After that, the energization is the winding 22 finished.
  • a return spring 26 presses the reciprocating piston 24 to the left in its rest position. In this case 32 liquid fuel is sucked in via a suction valve and the delivery chamber 30 is filled with this.
  • the flow rate can be precisely controlled via the frequency of the drive voltage pulses.
  • a damping element 34 which comprises a bellows-type elastomer 36.
  • the elastomer 36 expands into an adjacent chamber 38 provided in a damper housing formed by a plastic molding 44.
  • a prerequisite for this is a certain back pressure in the fuel system, which ensures the "stretching" of the elastomer 36.
  • a problem of the Hubkolbenbrenn- fuel pump 16 'shown in Figure 1 is that the damping element 34 in extreme ambient cold, for example, less than -23 0 C, only a slight or even no function, because the elastomer 36 hardens or glazed ( a typical elastomer point of the elastomer 36 is, for example -23 0 C).
  • Another problem is that so-called Artikdiesel, the only approved for temperatures below -20 0 C fuel for diesel burners, produced at temperatures below -20 0 C due to the lower viscosity significantly less back pressure than winter diesel at room temperature. The functionality of the Damping element 34 is therefore lowered even before reaching the elastomer point of the elastomer 36.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop the generic reciprocating fuel pumps and the generic method such that the problems described above are avoided and even at temperatures of, for example, less than -20 0 C, a pulsation-poor fuel delivery is possible.
  • the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention builds on the generic state of the art in that means for heating the elastomer are provided. Heating the elastomer by ⁇ x 0 C until it reaches full Last matterss corresponds to a direct extension / reduction of the effective operating range of the damping element and thus in particular the map of the burner of a motor vehicle heating by this ⁇ x ° C in the negative temperature range inside.
  • the burners of a motor vehicle heating at moderately low temperatures for example, more than -20 0 C more stable and can be operated with more uniform and smoother combustion noise (pulsation produce a "rough "Burning sound).
  • the tendency to flame breaks when falling below a certain limit temperature, for example, -25 0 C due to the lower pulsations to lower temperatures.
  • a certain limit temperature for example, -25 0 C due to the lower pulsations to lower temperatures.
  • “higher" temperatures for example 0 0 0 C to -20 C can be in motor vehicle heating systems for both Arctic diesel or winter diesel due to lower pulsations of a reduction in CO emissions achieved.
  • the reciprocating piston fuel pump according to the invention is advantageously further developed in that the means for heating the elastomer comprise an electric heater.
  • the electric heater can be done both directly and indirectly.
  • a heating wire introduced into the elastomer material may be provided, as is known, for example, for heating vehicle windows but also for ski and other equipment.
  • the heating wire is preferably energized before starting the actual fuel delivery in such a way that the limit temperature for the required minimum elasticity at the beginning of fuel production is exceeded.
  • the electric heater may also include heating elements, such as PTC heating elements, which are provided for heating liquid fuel within the reciprocating fuel pump.
  • One or more such heating elements can be connected, for example, parallel to the winding of the electromagnet.
  • a separate control is also possible.
  • PTC heating elements have a very large resistance-temperature coefficient.
  • the small amount of fuel in the pump is rapidly heated to a maximum temperature of, for example, 50 ° C. during a cold start.
  • a temperature level of the resistance of the heating element is so large that no significant heating power is delivered more.
  • the heated fuel then heats the elastomer and thus increases its elasticity.
  • corresponding heating elements are provided adjacent to the elastomer in order to heat it.
  • the means for heating the elastomer comprise a winding of the electromagnetic drive of the reciprocating-piston fuel pump.
  • the windings or magnetic coils of known reciprocating fuel pumps take up at low temperatures, for example, up to eight watts of power. This power is predominantly converted into heat, whereby the heat can be used in an advantageous manner for heating the elastomer.
  • a material with low thermal conductivity is provided in a region between the elastomer and the environment.
  • any material known to those skilled in the art may be used as the material with a low thermal conductivity, for example foamed plastics and / or metals.
  • waste heat of the reciprocating fuel pump can be used advantageously for heating the elastomer. It is preferred that not the entire reciprocating fuel pump but only the region of the damping element is isolated in order to avoid overheating of other components of the reciprocating fuel pump.
  • Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe be provided that in a region between the winding and the elastomer, a material with high thermal conductivity is provided.
  • materials with high thermal conductivity in particular metals into consideration, for example aluminum.
  • metal ribs or metal-body test parts with contact to the damping element it is possible for metal ribs or metal-body test parts with contact to the damping element to form one or more thermal bridges.
  • the inventive method is based on the generic state of the art in that the elastomer is heated before the ignition of the burner.
  • the time horizon of the starting phase of the vehicle heating with Glüh.unterstützung can be, for example, two minutes. This time is minimally usable to achieve a heating of the elastomer, and in many cases it is also sufficient to achieve a heating of the metering pump and connecting the E- lastomers due to the power consumption of each provided heating elements.
  • the waste heat of Reciprocating fuel pump is used to heat the elastomer, overheating of the reciprocating fuel pump is avoided at higher temperatures, since the power consumption is lower at higher temperatures.
  • the electrical heating device may in particular comprise the components which have been explained in connection with the electric heating device of the reciprocating piston fuel pump according to the invention. Reference is made to the corresponding statements to avoid repetition.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a known
  • FIG 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a vehicle heater comprising the reciprocating fuel pump of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of a first
  • Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a second
  • Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of a first
  • Embodiment of a fuel valve which may be part of the vehicle heating of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic sectional view of a second
  • Embodiment of a fuel valve which may be part of the vehicle heating of Figure 2;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic sectional view of a third
  • Embodiment of a fuel valve which may be part of the vehicle heating of Figure 2;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth
  • Embodiment of a fuel valve which may be part of the motor vehicle heating of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram which illustrates a vehicle heater which comprises the reciprocating-piston fuel pump according to the invention.
  • the illustrated motor vehicle heater 10 comprises the piston pump fuel pump 16 according to the invention, with the aid of which liquid fuel can be conveyed from a fuel tank 12 to a burner / heat exchanger unit 14.
  • the burner / heat exchanger unit 14 communicates with further air and / or water lines, not shown, as is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the burner / heat exchanger unit 14 further comprises a fuel valve 52 or 84, with which the fuel supply can be switched off completely or partially.
  • This combustor valve 52 or 84 need not necessarily be integrated into the burner / heat exchanger unit 14, but it can also be arranged between the reciprocating fuel pump 16 and the burner / heat exchanger unit 14.
  • the reciprocating fuel pump 16 shown in FIG. 3 is designed to deliver liquid fuel in the direction illustrated by the arrows, namely from a fuel inlet 18 to a fuel outlet 20.
  • a winding 22 is energized , whereby a reciprocating piston 24 is electromagnetically set in motion.
  • a return spring 26 presses the reciprocating piston 24 to the left in its rest position.
  • 32 liquid fuel is sucked in via a suction valve and the delivery chamber 30 is filled with this.
  • the damping element 34 which comprises a bellows-type elastomer 36.
  • the elastomer 36 expands into an adjacent chamber 38 provided in a damper housing formed by a plastic molding 44.
  • the prerequisite for this is a certain back pressure in the fuel system, which is responsible for the "stretching" of the elastomer
  • the reciprocating fuel pump shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the known reciprocating fuel pump explained with reference to FIG.
  • the embodiment of the reciprocating piston pump 16 according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 3 has an electrical heater 46 for heating the elastomer 36.
  • the electric heater 46 comprises a plurality of PTC heating elements 46a disposed in the vicinity of the elastomer 36, at least one heating wire 46b integrated with the elastomer 36, and two PTC heating elements 46c adjacent to the delivery chamber 30 are arranged. It is clear that not all the illustrated heating elements 46a, 46b and 46c necessarily have to be present, but Where appropriate, provision of only one type of heating element 46a, 46b or 46c may be sufficient to properly heat the elastomer 36.
  • the PTC heating elements 46a and 46c it is advantageous if a material with high thermal conductivity is provided between the region to be heated, that is to say the elastomer 36 or the delivery chamber 30 and the respective PTC heating element, for example a metal.
  • the most direct heating of the elastomer 36 is achieved by the heating wire or wires 46b.
  • Heating the fuel through the PTC heating element 46c is not only advantageous for heating the elastomer 36, but preheating the fuel also allows for better combustion.
  • the PTC heaters 46a are a compromise in that they both heat material that contacts the elastomer 36 and material that contacts liquid fuel.
  • Some or all of the illustrated heating elements 46a, 46b and 46c may be connected in parallel with the winding 22 or driven separately. A separate control is more expensive, but it allows a preheating regardless of the operation of the pump.
  • the illustrated in Figure 4 embodiment of the inventive reciprocating fuel pump 16 differs from the embodiment of Figure 3, that there are no heating elements are provided, but that the elastomer 36 is heated by the waste heat of Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16.
  • the region of the damping element 36 is surrounded by a material 50 with a low thermal conductivity, that is, by a thermal insulation.
  • the low thermal conductivity material 50 may optionally have a layer thickness. have a shaped structure. In any case, it is preferred that not the entire piston fuel pump 16 is surrounded with insulating material, as this could lead to overheating of the reciprocating fuel pump, especially at higher ambient temperatures.
  • the embodiment of the reciprocating piston pump 16 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that no heating elements are provided there, but that the heating of the elastomer 36 is effected by heat generated in the winding 22.
  • a material 48 with high thermal conductivity between the winding 22 and the elastomer 36 is provided.
  • the high thermal conductivity material 48 may be a metal such as aluminum, which may be ribbed, for example, to provide a suitable thermal bridge.
  • the material 48 with high thermal conductivity is integrated in the form of metal ribs into the plastic molded part 44 and heats only the elastomer 36.
  • the method according to the invention for starting and operating a liquid fuel-fueled motor vehicle heating system for example the one disclosed in gur 2 illustrated motor vehicle heater 10, with all the above-described embodiments of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention can be performed by the elastomer 36 is already heated before the ignition of the burner 14 ( Figure 2). If heat generated for heating the elastomer 36 via the winding 22 is used, it may be expedient to energize the winding 22 only comparatively weakly before the ignition of the burner, in such a way that generates a sufficient amount of heat to heat the elastomer 36 is set without the reciprocating piston 24 in motion.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of a fuel valve 52, which may be part of the motor vehicle heater 10 of FIG.
  • the fuel valve 52 is an electromagnetically actuated coaxial valve having a fuel inlet 54 and a fuel outlet 56.
  • a winding 58 is energized, whereby a valve piston 60 is moved to the right relative to the representation of FIG. 6, so that the fuel valve 52 opens and fuel from the fuel inlet 54 opens Can flow fuel outlet 56.
  • a return spring 62 presses the valve piston 60 to the left relative to the illustration of FIG. 6 such that the valve piston 60 interacts with a valve seat 64 to close the fuel valve 52.
  • the fuel valve 52 shown in FIG. 6 has a further damping element 66, which is likewise used to lower the pressure. suppressing pulsations in the fuel system.
  • the damping element 66 also includes a bellows elastomer 68 in this case. As liquid fuel passes through a bore 72 and comes into contact with the elastomer 68, the elastomer 68 expands into an adjacent chamber 70 that is penetrated by a plastic molding 76 formed damper housing is provided. The prerequisite for this is a certain back pressure in the fuel system, which ensures the "stretching" of the elastomer 68.
  • the damping element 66 is an electric heater 78 arranged conces-.
  • the electric heater 78 includes a plurality of PTC heating elements 78 a disposed in the vicinity of the elastomer 68 and at least one heating wire 78 b integrated with the elastomer 68. It is clear that not all of the heating elements 78a and 78b shown must be present, but that if necessary
  • heating elements 78a or 78b may be sufficient to properly heat the elastomer 68.
  • a material with high thermal conductivity for example a metal, is provided between the region to be heated, that is to say the elastomer 36 and the respective PTC heating element.
  • the most direct heating of the elastomer 66 is achieved by the heating wires 78b.
  • the PTC heaters 78a heat both material that contacts the elastomer 68 and material that contacts liquid fuel. A preheating of the fuel serves on the one hand to an indirect heating of the elastomer 68 and on the other hand leads to a better combustion.
  • heating elements may be provided, which serve exclusively for heating the liquid fuel.
  • Some or all of the illustrated heating elements 78a and 78b may be connected in parallel with the winding 58 or driven separately. Although a separate control is more expensive, but it allows a preheating regardless of the valve position.
  • the fuel valve 52 shown in FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in that no heating elements are provided there, but that the elastomer 68 is heated by the waste heat of the fuel valve 52.
  • the region of the damping element 66 is surrounded by a material 82 having a low thermal conductivity, that is to say a heat insulation.
  • the low thermal conductivity material 82 may optionally have a layered construction. It is clear that in the opened state of the fuel valve 52 due to the corresponding energization of the winding 58, sufficient waste heat is generated in order to heat the elastomer 68.
  • the fuel valve 52d may also be designed so that a lower energization of the winding 58, which does not yet lead to the opening of the fuel valve 52d, for heating the elastomer 68 is sufficient.
  • the embodiment of the fuel valve 52 shown in FIG. 8 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in that no heating elements are provided there, but that the heating of the elastomer is guided by the elastomer 58 produced in the winding 58 and via at least one thermal bridge Heat takes place.
  • a material 80 with high thermal conductivity between see the winding 58 and the elastomer 68 is provided.
  • the material 80 with high thermal conductivity may, in particular, be a metal such as aluminum, wherein the shape may, for example, be rib-like in order to create a suitable thermal bridge.
  • the material 80 with high heat conductivity is integrated in the form of metal ribs into the plastic molded part 76 and at least predominantly heats only the elastomer 68.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a fuel valve 84, which may be part of the motor vehicle heater 10 of FIG. 2 instead of the fuel valve 52 explained above.
  • the fuel valve 84 is an electromagnetically actuated coaxial valve having a
  • Fuel inlet 86 and a fuel outlet 88 has.
  • a winding 90 is energized, whereby a valve piston 92 is moved to the right relative to the illustration of FIG. 9, so that the fuel valve 84 opens and fuel from the fuel inlet 86 opens Fuel outlet 88 can flow.
  • a return spring 94 presses the valve piston 92 relative to the illustration. 9 to the left so that the valve piston 92 cooperates with a valve seat 96 to close the fuel valve 84.
  • the fuel valve 84 shown in FIG. 9 is configured to preheat fuel.
  • heat generated by the winding 90 is used, and a material 88 having a high thermal conductivity is provided between the winding 90 and the regions with which the fuel comes into contact.
  • the high thermal conductivity material 88 may be, in particular, a metal such as aluminum.
  • the heating of the fuel is optimized by providing a material 100 with low thermal conductivity, that is to say a heat insulator, in the outer region of the fuel valve 84.
  • the material 100 with low thermal conductivity can in principle be formed by any insulation material known to those skilled in the art, for example by metal and / or plastic foams.
  • the low thermal conductivity material 100 may further have a layered structure.
  • the fuel valve 84 may also be designed so that a lower energization of the winding 90, which does not yet lead to the opening of the fuel valve 84, is sufficient for preheating the fuel.
  • the fuel valve 84 shown in Figure 9 may optionally be dispensed with a commonly used heating cartridge.
  • a commonly used heating cartridge Such cartridge heaters often have a high power consumption of, for example, 40 watts and are therefore not during the energized the entire combustion operation of the vehicle heating, but only in the starting phase.
  • the fuel valve 84 may preheat the fuel throughout the burner operation, and the fuel valve 84 may optionally have increased electrical power. The heating of the fuel causes an increase in the enthalpy of the fuel and a reduction in the viscosity, which has a positive effect on the combustion operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetic Pumps, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a reciprocating piston fuel pump ( 16 ), in particular for an automotive heater ( 10 ) which is driven electromagnetically and is provided for delivering liquid fuel, having a damping element ( 34 ) comprising an elastomer ( 36 ) for damping pulsations created by the reciprocating piston fuel pump ( 16 ). According to this invention, means ( 22, 46, 48, 50 ) for heating the elastomer ( 36 ) are provided. The invention also relates to a method for starting and operating an automotive heater ( 10 ) that is operated with liquid fuel and has a burner ( 14 ) and a reciprocating piston fuel pump ( 16 ) with a damping element ( 34 ) comprising an elastomer ( 36 ) for damping pulsations created by the reciprocating piston fuel pump ( 16 ). According to this invention, the elastomer ( 36 ) is already heated before ignition of the burner ( 14 ).

Description

Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe und Verfahren zum Starten und Betreiben einer Kraftfahrzeugheizung Reciprocating fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe, insbesondere für eine Kraftfahrzeugheizung, die elektromagnetisch angetrieben wird und zur Förderung von flüssigem Brennstoff vorgesehen ist, mit einem ein Elastomer umfassenden Dämpfungselement zur Dämpfung von durch die Hubkol- benbrennstoffpumpe erzeugten Pulsationen.The invention relates to a reciprocating fuel pump, in particular for a motor vehicle heating, which is electromagnetically driven and is provided for conveying liquid fuel, comprising a damping element comprising an elastomer for damping pulsations generated by the reciprocating piston fuel pump.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Starten und Betreiben einer mit flüssigem Brennstoff betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugheizung, die einen Brenner und eine Hubkolben- brennstoffpumpe mit einem ein Elastomer umfassenden Dämpfungselement zur Dämpfung von durch die Hubkolbenbrenn- stoffpumpe erzeugten Pulsationen aufweist.The invention further relates to a method for starting and operating a run with liquid fuel motor vehicle heating, which has a burner and a reciprocating fuel pump with a damping element comprising an elastomer for damping pulsations generated by the Hubkolbenbrenn- pump.
Eine gattungsgemäße Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe ist beispiels- weise aus der Veröffentlichung Fahrzeug- und Verkehrstechnik, technische Mitteilungen 97 (2004) Heft 1, Seiten 9 bis 11, bekannt und als schematische Schnittansicht in Figur 1 dargestellt .A generic reciprocating fuel pump is known for example from the publication Vehicle and Traffic Engineering, technical communications 97 (2004) Issue 1, pages 9 to 11, and shown as a schematic sectional view in Figure 1.
Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16' ist dazu vorgesehen, flüssigen Brennstoff in der durch die Pfeile veranschaulichten Richtung zu fördern, nämlich von einem Brennstoffeinlass 18 zu einem Brennstoffauslass 20. Sobald an einen elektrischen Anschluss 42 eine geeignete Spannung angelegt wird, wird eine Wicklung 22 bestromt, wodurch ein Hubkolben 24 elektromagnetisch in Bewegung versetzt wird. Dabei wird zunächst über ein Rückschlagventil 28 in einer Förderkammer 30 befindlicher flüssiger Brennstoff gegen den hydraulischen Widerstand der Ausgangslei- tung ausgestoßen. Im Anschluss daran wird die Bestromung der Wicklung 22 beendet. Eine Rückstellfeder 26 drückt den Hubkolben 24 nach links in seine Ruhestellung. Dabei wird über ein Nachsaugventil 32 flüssiger Brennstoff angesaugt und die Förderkammer 30 mit diesem gefüllt. Mit diesem För- derprinzip lassen sich auch sehr niederviskose Brennstoffe volumetrisch präzise fördern. Über die Frequenz der Ansteu- erspannungsimpulse kann die Fördermenge genau gesteuert werden.The reciprocating fuel pump 16 'shown in FIG. 1 is intended to deliver liquid fuel in the direction illustrated by the arrows, namely from a fuel inlet 18 to a fuel outlet 20. As soon as an appropriate voltage is applied to an electrical terminal 42, a winding 22 will be formed energized, whereby a reciprocating piston 24 is electromagnetically set in motion. Initially, liquid fuel located in a delivery chamber 30 via a check valve 28 is ejected against the hydraulic resistance of the output line. After that, the energization is the winding 22 finished. A return spring 26 presses the reciprocating piston 24 to the left in its rest position. In this case 32 liquid fuel is sucked in via a suction valve and the delivery chamber 30 is filled with this. With this pumping principle, even very low-viscosity fuels can be volumetrically precisely pumped. The flow rate can be precisely controlled via the frequency of the drive voltage pulses.
Durch die Hin- und Herbewegung des Hubkolbens 24 entstehen jedoch unerwünschte Pulsationen im KraftstoffSystem. Um diese Pulsationen zumindest teilweise zu unterdrücken ist es bereits bekannt, ein Dämpfungselement 34 vorzusehen, das ein balgartiges Elastomer 36 umfasst. Wenn flüssiger Brenn- stoff durch eine Bohrung 40 tritt und in Kontakt mit dem Elastomer 36 gelangt, dehnt sich das Elastomer 36 in eine benachbarte Kammer 38 aus, die in einem durch ein Kunstoff- formteil 44 gebildeten Dämpfergehäuse vorgesehen ist. Vorraussetzung hierfür ist ein gewisser Gegendruck im Brenn- StoffSystem, der für das "Aufspannen" des Elastomers 36 sorgt .However, the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating piston 24 causes unwanted pulsations in the fuel system. In order to at least partially suppress these pulsations, it is already known to provide a damping element 34 which comprises a bellows-type elastomer 36. As liquid fuel passes through a bore 40 and comes into contact with the elastomer 36, the elastomer 36 expands into an adjacent chamber 38 provided in a damper housing formed by a plastic molding 44. A prerequisite for this is a certain back pressure in the fuel system, which ensures the "stretching" of the elastomer 36.
Ein Problem der in Figur 1 dargestellten Hubkolbenbrenn- stoffpumpe 16' besteht darin, dass das Dämpfungselement 34 bei extremer Umgebungskälte, beispielsweise bei weniger als -23 0C, nur noch eine geringe oder sogar keine Funktion aufweist, weil das Elastomer 36 verhärtet beziehungsweise verglast (ein typischer Elastomerpunkt des Elastomers 36 beträgt beispielsweise -23 0C) . Ein weiteres Problem be- steht darin, dass sogenannter Artikdiesel, der einzig für Temperaturen unter -20 0C freigegebene Brennstoff für Dieselbrenner, bei Temperaturen unter -20 0C aufgrund der geringeren Viskosität deutlich weniger Gegendruck produziert als Winterdiesel bei Raumtemperatur. Die Funktionalität des Dämpfungselements 34 wird daher auch schon vor dem Erreichen des Elastomerpunktes des Elastomers 36 herabgesetzt. Dies führt bei "moderat" kalten Temperaturen von beispielsweise mehr als -20 0C unter Umständen zu einem durch Pulsa- tionen im BrennstoffSystem hervorgerufenen Anstieg der CO- Emissionen der Fahrzeugheizung. Bei extrem tiefen Temperaturen von beispielsweise weniger als -30 0C kann sogar das Problem auftreten, dass eine Stabilisierung des Brennbetriebs durch die Pulsationen im BrennstoffSystem verhindert wird. In derartigen Fällen kann zwar ein Start des Brenners erfolgen, mit dem Ausgehen des Glühstiftes, also ohne Stützenergie für die Flammenwurzel, destabilisiert der Brenner jedoch mit zunehmender Zeit bis hin zum Verlöschen. Ein derartiges unerwünschtes Verlöschen kann beispielsweise innerhalb von 0 bis 5 Minuten nach dem Abschalten des Glühstiftes auftreten.A problem of the Hubkolbenbrenn- fuel pump 16 'shown in Figure 1 is that the damping element 34 in extreme ambient cold, for example, less than -23 0 C, only a slight or even no function, because the elastomer 36 hardens or glazed ( a typical elastomer point of the elastomer 36 is, for example -23 0 C). Another problem is that so-called Artikdiesel, the only approved for temperatures below -20 0 C fuel for diesel burners, produced at temperatures below -20 0 C due to the lower viscosity significantly less back pressure than winter diesel at room temperature. The functionality of the Damping element 34 is therefore lowered even before reaching the elastomer point of the elastomer 36. This results in "moderate" cold temperatures, for example greater than -20 0 C may be a tions by pulsation in the fuel system caused increase in CO emissions on the car heater. At extremely low temperatures, for example, less than -30 0 C even the problem may occur that a stabilization of the combustion operation is prevented by the pulsations in the fuel system. In such cases, although a start of the burner can take place, with the going out of the glow plug, ie without support energy for the flame root, the burner destabilizes, however, with increasing time to extinction. Such unwanted extinction may occur, for example, within 0 to 5 minutes after the glow plug is turned off.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die gattungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpen und die gattungsgemäßen Ver- fahren derart weiterzubilden, dass die vorstehend erläuterten Probleme vermieden werden und auch bei Temperaturen von beispielsweise weniger als -20 0C eine pulsationsarme Brennstoffförderung möglich wird.The object of the invention is to further develop the generic reciprocating fuel pumps and the generic method such that the problems described above are avoided and even at temperatures of, for example, less than -20 0 C, a pulsation-poor fuel delivery is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst .This object is solved by the features of the independent claims.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung und Weiterbildung der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Advantageous embodiment and development of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe baut auf dem gattungsgemäßen Stand der Technik dadurch auf, dass Mittel zur Beheizung des Elastomers vorgesehen sind. Eine Aufwärmung des Elastomers um Δx 0C bis zum Erreichen des Voll- lastpunktes entspricht einer direkten Erweiterung/Absenkung des wirksamen Betriebsbereichs des Dämpfungselementes und damit insbesondere des Kennfeldes des Brenners einer Kraftfahrzeugheizung um diese Δx° C in den negativen Temperatur- bereich hinein. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist beispielsweise der Betrieb einer Kraftfahrzeugheizung mit Ar- tikdiesel bei -30 0C möglich. Durch das erwärmte und dadurch weichere Elastomer ergeben sich geringere Pulsations- intensitäten im BrennstoffSystem, wodurch beispielsweise der Brenner einer Kraftfahrzeugheizung bei moderat tiefen Temperaturen von beispielsweise mehr als -20 0C stabiler und mit gleichmäßigerem und ruhigerem Brenngeräusch betrieben werden kann (Pulsationen erzeugen ein "raues" Brenngeräusch) . Beispielsweise im Zusammenhang mit Kraftfahrzeug- heizungen wird die Neigung zu Flammabrissen beim Unterschreiten einer bestimmten Grenztemperatur von beispielsweise -25 0C aufgrund der geringeren Pulsationen zu tieferen Temperaturen verschoben. Bei "höheren" Temperaturen von beispielsweise 0 0C bis -20 0C lässt sich bei Kraftfahr- zeugheizungen sowohl für Artikdiesel als auch für Winterdiesel aufgrund geringerer Pulsationen eine Minderung der CO-Emissionen erreichen.The reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention builds on the generic state of the art in that means for heating the elastomer are provided. Heating the elastomer by Δx 0 C until it reaches full Lastpunktes corresponds to a direct extension / reduction of the effective operating range of the damping element and thus in particular the map of the burner of a motor vehicle heating by this Δx ° C in the negative temperature range inside. The inventive solution of the operation of a motor vehicle heating system with Ar- tikdiesel at -30 0 C for example, is possible. By the heated and thereby softer elastomer resulting in lower pulsation intensities in the fuel system, whereby for example the burners of a motor vehicle heating at moderately low temperatures, for example, more than -20 0 C more stable and can be operated with more uniform and smoother combustion noise (pulsation produce a "rough "Burning sound). For example, in connection with motor vehicle heaters, the tendency to flame breaks when falling below a certain limit temperature, for example, -25 0 C due to the lower pulsations to lower temperatures. For "higher" temperatures, for example 0 0 0 C to -20 C can be in motor vehicle heating systems for both Arctic diesel or winter diesel due to lower pulsations of a reduction in CO emissions achieved.
Die erfindungsgemäße Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe ist in vor- teilhafter Weise dadurch weitergebildet, dass die Mittel zur Beheizung des Elastomers eine elektrische Heizung umfassen. Die elektrische Heizung kann dabei sowohl direkt als auch indirekt erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann ein in den Elastomerwerkstoff eingebrachter Heizdraht vorgesehen sein, wie er beispielsweise zur Beheizung von Fahrzeugscheiben aber auch von Ski- und anderer Ausrüstung bekannt ist. Der Heizdraht wird vorzugsweise vor Beginn der eigentlichen Brennstoffförderung in der Weise bestromt, dass die Grenz- temperatur für die erforderliche Mindestelastizität bei Beginn der Brennstoffförderung überschritten ist. Die elektrische Heizung kann jedoch auch Heizelemente, beispielsweise PTC-Heizelemente umfassen, die zur Erwärmung von flüssigem Brennstoff innerhalb der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe vorgesehen sind. Ein oder mehrere derartige Heizelemente können beispielsweise parallel zur Wicklung des Elektromagneten geschaltet werden. Eine separate Ansteuerung ist selbstverständlich ebenfalls möglich. Beispielsweise PTC- Heizelemente weisen einen sehr großen Widerstand-Temperatur-Koeffizienten auf. Dadurch wird beim Kaltstart die geringe in der Pumpe befindliche Brennstoffmenge schnell auf eine Maximaltemperatur von beispielsweise 50 0C erwärmt. Bei einem derartigen Temperaturniveau wird der Widerstand des Heizleiters so groß, dass keine nennenswerte Heizleistung mehr abgegeben wird. Der erwärmte Brennstoff erwärmt dann das Elastomer und erhöht folglich dessen Elastizität. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass entsprechende Heizelemente benachbart zum Elastomer vorgesehen sind, um dieses zu beheizen.The reciprocating piston fuel pump according to the invention is advantageously further developed in that the means for heating the elastomer comprise an electric heater. The electric heater can be done both directly and indirectly. For example, a heating wire introduced into the elastomer material may be provided, as is known, for example, for heating vehicle windows but also for ski and other equipment. The heating wire is preferably energized before starting the actual fuel delivery in such a way that the limit temperature for the required minimum elasticity at the beginning of fuel production is exceeded. However, the electric heater may also include heating elements, such as PTC heating elements, which are provided for heating liquid fuel within the reciprocating fuel pump. One or more such heating elements can be connected, for example, parallel to the winding of the electromagnet. Of course, a separate control is also possible. For example, PTC heating elements have a very large resistance-temperature coefficient. As a result, the small amount of fuel in the pump is rapidly heated to a maximum temperature of, for example, 50 ° C. during a cold start. At such a temperature level of the resistance of the heating element is so large that no significant heating power is delivered more. The heated fuel then heats the elastomer and thus increases its elasticity. Additionally or alternatively, it may be provided that corresponding heating elements are provided adjacent to the elastomer in order to heat it.
Weiterhin kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe vorgesehen sein, dass die Mittel zur Beheizung des Elastomers eine Wicklung des elektromagnetischen An- triebs der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe umfassen. Die Wicklungen beziehungsweise Magnetspulen von bekannten Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpen nehmen bei tiefen Temperaturen beispielsweise bis zu acht Watt Leistung auf. Diese Leistung wird überwiegend in Wärme umgewandelt, wobei die Wärme in vor- teilhafter Weise zur Beheizung des Elastomers genutzt werden kann.Furthermore, in the reciprocating-piston fuel pump according to the invention it can be provided that the means for heating the elastomer comprise a winding of the electromagnetic drive of the reciprocating-piston fuel pump. The windings or magnetic coils of known reciprocating fuel pumps take up at low temperatures, for example, up to eight watts of power. This power is predominantly converted into heat, whereby the heat can be used in an advantageous manner for heating the elastomer.
In diesem Zusammenhang sieht eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe vor, - S -In this context, an advantageous development of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention provides - S -
dass in einem Bereich zwischen dem Elastomer und der Umgebung ein Material mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist. Als Material mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit kann prinzipiell jedes dem Fachmann bekannte Wärmeisolationsma- terial verwendet werden, beispielsweise geschäumte Kunststoffe und/oder Metalle. Durch eine derartige Wärmeisolation gegen die Umgebung kann Abwärme der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe in vorteilhafter Weise zur Beheizung des Elastomers genutzt werden. Dabei wird bevorzugt, dass nicht die gesamte Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe sondern nur der Bereich des Dämpfungselementes isoliert wird, um eine Überhitzung von anderen Bestandteilen der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe zu vermeiden.a material with low thermal conductivity is provided in a region between the elastomer and the environment. In principle, any material known to those skilled in the art may be used as the material with a low thermal conductivity, for example foamed plastics and / or metals. By such a thermal insulation against the environment, waste heat of the reciprocating fuel pump can be used advantageously for heating the elastomer. It is preferred that not the entire reciprocating fuel pump but only the region of the damping element is isolated in order to avoid overheating of other components of the reciprocating fuel pump.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann bei der erfindungsgemäßenAdditionally or alternatively, in the inventive
Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe vorgesehen sein, dass in einem Bereich zwischen der Wicklung und dem Elastomer ein Material mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist. Als Materialien mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit kommen insbesondere Me- talle in Betracht, beispielsweise Aluminium. Dabei ist es möglich, dass Metallrippen oder Metallgehäusebestanteile mit Kontakt zum Dämpfungselement eine oder mehrere Wärme- brücken bilden.Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe be provided that in a region between the winding and the elastomer, a material with high thermal conductivity is provided. As materials with high thermal conductivity in particular metals into consideration, for example aluminum. In this case, it is possible for metal ribs or metal-body test parts with contact to the damping element to form one or more thermal bridges.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren baut auf dem gattungsgemäßen Stand der Technik dadurch auf, dass das Elastomer bereits vor der Zündung des Brenners beheizt wird. Der Zeithorizont der Startphase der Kraftfahrzeugheizung mit Glühstiftunterstützung kann beispielsweise zwei Minuten betragen. Diese Zeit ist minimal nutzbar, um eine Erwärmung des Elastomers zu erzielen, und sie ist in vielen Fällen auch ausreichend um eine Erwärmung der Dosierpumpe und anschließen des E- lastomers aufgrund der Leistungsaufnahme der jeweils vorgesehenen Heizelemente zu erreichen. Wenn die Abwärme der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe zur Erwärmung des Elastomers genutzt wird, wird eine Überhitzung der Hubkolbenbrennstoff- pumpe bei höheren Temperaturen vermieden, da die Leistungsaufnahme bei höheren Temperaturen geringer ist.The inventive method is based on the generic state of the art in that the elastomer is heated before the ignition of the burner. The time horizon of the starting phase of the vehicle heating with Glühstiftunterstützung can be, for example, two minutes. This time is minimally usable to achieve a heating of the elastomer, and in many cases it is also sufficient to achieve a heating of the metering pump and connecting the E- lastomers due to the power consumption of each provided heating elements. When the waste heat of Reciprocating fuel pump is used to heat the elastomer, overheating of the reciprocating fuel pump is avoided at higher temperatures, since the power consumption is lower at higher temperatures.
Auch im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, dass das E- lastomer durch eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung beheizt wird. Die elektrische Heizeinrichtung kann dabei insbeson- dere die Komponenten umfassen, die im Zusammenhang mit der elektrischen Heizeinrichtung der erfindzugesgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe erläutert wurden. Auf die entsprechenden Ausführungen wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen verwiesen.Also in connection with the method according to the invention can be provided in an advantageous manner that the E-lastomer is heated by an electric heater. The electrical heating device may in particular comprise the components which have been explained in connection with the electric heating device of the reciprocating piston fuel pump according to the invention. Reference is made to the corresponding statements to avoid repetition.
Gleiches gilt sinngemäß für den Fall, dass bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgesehen ist, dass das Elastomer durch eine Wicklung eines elektromagnetischen Antriebs der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe beheizt wird.The same applies mutatis mutandis to the case that is provided in the inventive method that the elastomer is heated by a winding of an electromagnetic drive of the reciprocating fuel pump.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft erläutert.Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained below by way of example with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer bekanntenFigure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a known
Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe, die eingangs bereits erläutert wurde;Reciprocating fuel pump, which has already been explained above;
Figur 2 ein schematisches Blockschaltbild, das eine Fahrzeugheizung veranschaulicht, welche die erfindungsgemäße Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe umfasst; Figur 3 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer erstenFigure 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a vehicle heater comprising the reciprocating fuel pump of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of a first
Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe ;Embodiment of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention;
Figur4 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer zweitenFigure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a second
Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe ;Embodiment of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention;
Figur 5 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe ;Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention;
Figur 6 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer erstenFigure 6 is a schematic sectional view of a first
Ausführungsform eines Brennstoffventils, das Be- standteil der Kraftfahrzeugheizung von Figur 2 sein kann;Embodiment of a fuel valve, which may be part of the vehicle heating of Figure 2;
Figur 7 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer zweitenFigure 7 is a schematic sectional view of a second
Ausführungsform eines Brennstoffventils, das Be- standteil der Kraftfahrzeugheizung von Figur 2 sein kann;Embodiment of a fuel valve, which may be part of the vehicle heating of Figure 2;
Figur 8 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer drittenFigure 8 is a schematic sectional view of a third
Ausführungsform eines Brennstoffventils, das Be- standteil der Kraftfahrzeugheizung von Figur 2 sein kann; undEmbodiment of a fuel valve, which may be part of the vehicle heating of Figure 2; and
Figur 9 eine schematische Schnittansicht einer viertenFigure 9 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth
Ausführungsform eines Brennstoffventils, das Be- standteil der Kraftfahrzeugheizung von Figur 2 sein kann.Embodiment of a fuel valve, which may be part of the motor vehicle heating of Figure 2.
In den Zeichnungen bezeichnen gleiche oder ähnliche Bezugszeichen gleiche oder ähnliche Komponenten, die zur Vermei- düng von Wiederholungen teilweise nur einmal erläutert werden.In the drawings, the same or similar reference numbers designate the same or similar components which are used to avoid fertilized by repetitions partially explained only once.
Figur 2 zeigt ein schematisch.es Blockschaltbild, das eine Fahrzeugheizung veranschaulicht, welche die erfindungsgemäße Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe umfasst. Bei der dargestellten Kraftfahrzeugheizung kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Zusatz- oder Standheizung handeln. Die dargestellte Kraftfahrzeugheizung 10 umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Hub- kolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16, mit deren Hilfe flüssiger Brennstoff von einem Brennstofftank 12 zu einer Brenner- /Wärmetauschereinheit 14 gefördert werden kann. Je nachdem, ob es sich um eine Luft- oder Wasserheizung handelt, steht die Brenner-/Wärmetauschereinheit 14 mit weiteren nicht dargestellten Luft- und/oder Wasserleitungen in Verbindung, wie dies dem Fachmann gut bekannt ist. Die Brenner- /Wärmetauschereinheit 14 umfasst weiterhin ein Brennstoffventil 52 beziehungsweise 84, mit dem die Brennstoffzufuhr ganz oder teilweise abgeschaltet werden kann. Dieses Brenn- Stoffventil 52 beziehungsweise 84 muss nicht zwingend in die Brenner-/Wärmetauschereinheit 14 integriert sein, sondern es kann auch zwischen der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 und der Brenner-/Wärmetauschereinheit 14 angeordnet sein.FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram which illustrates a vehicle heater which comprises the reciprocating-piston fuel pump according to the invention. In the illustrated motor vehicle heating may be, for example, an additional or auxiliary heating. The illustrated motor vehicle heater 10 comprises the piston pump fuel pump 16 according to the invention, with the aid of which liquid fuel can be conveyed from a fuel tank 12 to a burner / heat exchanger unit 14. Depending on whether it is an air or water heating, the burner / heat exchanger unit 14 communicates with further air and / or water lines, not shown, as is well known to those skilled in the art. The burner / heat exchanger unit 14 further comprises a fuel valve 52 or 84, with which the fuel supply can be switched off completely or partially. This combustor valve 52 or 84 need not necessarily be integrated into the burner / heat exchanger unit 14, but it can also be arranged between the reciprocating fuel pump 16 and the burner / heat exchanger unit 14.
Die in Figur 3 dargestellte Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 ist dazu vorgesehen, flüssigen Brennstoff in der durch die Pfeile veranschaulichte Richtung zu fördern, nämlich von einem Brennstoffeinlass 18 zu einem Brennstoffauslass 20. Sobald an einen elektrischen Anschluss 42 eine geeignete Spannung angelegt wird, wird eine Wicklung 22 bestromt, wodurch ein Hubkolben 24 elektromagnetisch in Bewegung versetzt wird. Dabei wird zunächst über ein Rückschlagventil 28 in einer Fδrderkammer 30 befindlicher flüssiger Brennstoff gegen den hydraulischen Widerstand der Ausgangslei- tung ausgestoßen. Im Anschluss daran wird die Bestromung der Wicklung 22 beendet. Eine Rückstellfeder 26 drückt den Hubkolben 24 nach links in seine Ruhestellung. Dabei wird über ein Nachsaugventil 32 flüssiger Brennstoff angesaugt und die Förderkammer 30 mit diesem gefüllt. Mit diesem Förderprinzip lassen sich, wie eingangs erwähnt, auch sehr niederviskose Brennstoffe volumetrisch präzise fördern, wobei über die Frequenz der Anstauerspannungsimpulse die Fördermenge genau gesteuert werden kann.The reciprocating fuel pump 16 shown in FIG. 3 is designed to deliver liquid fuel in the direction illustrated by the arrows, namely from a fuel inlet 18 to a fuel outlet 20. As soon as a suitable voltage is applied to an electrical connection 42, a winding 22 is energized , whereby a reciprocating piston 24 is electromagnetically set in motion. In this case, initially via a check valve 28 in a Fδrderkammer 30 befindlicher liquid fuel against the hydraulic resistance of the output emitted. Subsequently, the energization of the winding 22 is terminated. A return spring 26 presses the reciprocating piston 24 to the left in its rest position. In this case 32 liquid fuel is sucked in via a suction valve and the delivery chamber 30 is filled with this. With this delivery principle can, as mentioned above, also very low-viscosity fuels volumetrically promote precise, with the frequency of the surge voltage pulses, the flow rate can be precisely controlled.
Um die beim Betrieb der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe entstehenden Pulsationen zumindest teilweise zu unterdrücken, ist das eingangs bereits erläuterte Dämpfungselement 34 vorgesehen, das ein balgartiges Elastomer 36 umfasst. Wenn flüs- siger Brennstoff durch eine Bohrung 40 tritt und in Kontakt mit dem Elastomer 36 gelangt, dehnt sich das Elastomer 36 in eine benachbarte Kammer 38 aus, die in einem durch ein Kunstoffformteil 44 gebildeten Dämpfergehäuse vorgesehen ist. Vorraussetzung hierfür ist ein gewisser Gegendruck im BrennstoffSystem, der für das "Aufspannen" des ElastomersIn order to at least partially suppress the pulsations arising during operation of the reciprocating fuel pump, the damping element 34 already explained above is provided, which comprises a bellows-type elastomer 36. When liquid fuel passes through a bore 40 and comes into contact with the elastomer 36, the elastomer 36 expands into an adjacent chamber 38 provided in a damper housing formed by a plastic molding 44. The prerequisite for this is a certain back pressure in the fuel system, which is responsible for the "stretching" of the elastomer
36 sorgt. Insofern entspricht die in Figur 3 dargestellte Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe der anhand von Figur 1 erläuterten bekannten Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe .36 cares. In this respect, the reciprocating fuel pump shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the known reciprocating fuel pump explained with reference to FIG.
Die in Figur 3 dargestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 weist jedoch eine e- lektrische Heizung 46 zur Beheizung des Elastomers 36 auf. Im dargestellten Fall umfasst die elektrische Heizung 46 mehrere PTC-Heizelemente 46a, die in der Nähe des Elasto- mers 36 angeordnet sind, zumindest einen Heizdraht 46b, der in das Elastomer 36 integriert ist, und zwei PTC-Heizelemente 46c, die benachbart zur Förderkammer 30 angeordnet sind. Es ist klar, dass nicht zwingend alle dargestellten Heizelemente 46a, 46b und 46c vorhanden sein müssen, son- dem dass gegebenenfalls das Vorsehen nur einer Art von Heizelementen 46a, 46b oder 46c ausreichen kann, um das E- lastomer 36 geeignet zu erwärmen. Um die Wirkung der PTC- Heizelemente 46a und 46c zu optimieren, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen dem zu erwärmenden Bereich, das heißt dem E- lastomer 36 beziehungsweise der Förderkammer 30 und dem jeweiligen PTC-Heizelement ein Material mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist, beispielsweise ein Metall. Die direkteste Erwärmung des Elastomers 36 wird durch den oder die Heizdrähte 46b erzielt. Eine Erwärmung des Brennstoffs durch die PTC-Heizelement 46c ist nicht nur zur Erwärmung des Elastomers 36 vorteilhaft, sondern eine Vorwärmung des Brennstoffs ermöglicht auch eine bessere Verbrennung. Die PTC-Heizelemente 46a stellen insofern einen Kom- promiss dar, als sie sowohl Material erwärmen, das mit dem Elastomer 36 in Kontakt gelangt, als auch Material, das mit flüssigem Brennstoff in Kontakt gelangt. Einige oder alle der dargestellten Heizelemente 46a, 46b und 46c können parallel zu der Wicklung 22 angeschlossen sein oder separat angesteuert werden. Eine separate Ansteuerung ist zwar aufwendiger, sie ermöglicht jedoch eine Vorwärmung unabhängig vom Betrieb der Pumpe.However, the embodiment of the reciprocating piston pump 16 according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 3 has an electrical heater 46 for heating the elastomer 36. In the illustrated case, the electric heater 46 comprises a plurality of PTC heating elements 46a disposed in the vicinity of the elastomer 36, at least one heating wire 46b integrated with the elastomer 36, and two PTC heating elements 46c adjacent to the delivery chamber 30 are arranged. It is clear that not all the illustrated heating elements 46a, 46b and 46c necessarily have to be present, but Where appropriate, provision of only one type of heating element 46a, 46b or 46c may be sufficient to properly heat the elastomer 36. In order to optimize the effect of the PTC heating elements 46a and 46c, it is advantageous if a material with high thermal conductivity is provided between the region to be heated, that is to say the elastomer 36 or the delivery chamber 30 and the respective PTC heating element, for example a metal. The most direct heating of the elastomer 36 is achieved by the heating wire or wires 46b. Heating the fuel through the PTC heating element 46c is not only advantageous for heating the elastomer 36, but preheating the fuel also allows for better combustion. The PTC heaters 46a are a compromise in that they both heat material that contacts the elastomer 36 and material that contacts liquid fuel. Some or all of the illustrated heating elements 46a, 46b and 46c may be connected in parallel with the winding 22 or driven separately. A separate control is more expensive, but it allows a preheating regardless of the operation of the pump.
Die in Figur 4 dargestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungs- gemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 unterscheidet sich dadurch von der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3, dass dort keine Heizelemente vorgesehen sind, sondern dass das Elastomer 36 durch die Abwärme der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 beheizt wird. Um diese Beheizung zu ermöglichen, bezie- hungsweise zu optimieren, ist der Bereich des Dämpfungselementes 36 von einem Material 50 mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit umgeben, das heißt, von einer Wärmeisolierung. Obwohl dies nicht dargestellt ist, kann das Material 50 mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit gegebenenfalls einen Schicht- förmigen Aufbau aufweisen. In jedem Fall wird bevorzugt, dass nicht die gesamte Kolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 mit Isolationsmaterial umgeben wird, da dies insbesondere bei höheren Außentemperaturen zu einer Überhitzung der Hubkolben- brennstoffpumpe führen könnte.The illustrated in Figure 4 embodiment of the inventive reciprocating fuel pump 16 differs from the embodiment of Figure 3, that there are no heating elements are provided, but that the elastomer 36 is heated by the waste heat of Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16. In order to enable or optimize this heating, the region of the damping element 36 is surrounded by a material 50 with a low thermal conductivity, that is, by a thermal insulation. Although not shown, the low thermal conductivity material 50 may optionally have a layer thickness. have a shaped structure. In any case, it is preferred that not the entire piston fuel pump 16 is surrounded with insulating material, as this could lead to overheating of the reciprocating fuel pump, especially at higher ambient temperatures.
Die in Figur 5 dargestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe 16 unterscheidet sich dadurch von der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3, dass dort kei- ne Heizelemente vorgesehen sind, sondern dass die Beheizung des Elastomers 36 durch in der Wicklung 22 erzeugte Wärme erfolgt. Zu diesem Zweck ist ein Material 48 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit zwischen der Wicklung 22 und dem Elastomer 36 vorgesehen. Das Material 48 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit kann insbesondere ein Metall wie Aluminium sein, wobei die Formgebung beispielsweise rippenartig sein kann, um eine geeignete Wärmebrücke zu schaffen. Obwohl dies nicht dargestellt ist, kann es ebenfalls vorteilhaft sein, die Wärmebrücke auch zu Bereichen zu führen, die mit dem flüssigen Brennstoff in Kontakt gelangen, um den Brennstoff zu erwärmen. Im dargestellten Fall ist das Material 48 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit jedoch in Form von Metallrippen in das Kunststoffformteil 44 integriert und beheizt nur das E- lastomer 36.The embodiment of the reciprocating piston pump 16 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that no heating elements are provided there, but that the heating of the elastomer 36 is effected by heat generated in the winding 22. For this purpose, a material 48 with high thermal conductivity between the winding 22 and the elastomer 36 is provided. In particular, the high thermal conductivity material 48 may be a metal such as aluminum, which may be ribbed, for example, to provide a suitable thermal bridge. Although not shown, it may also be advantageous to also guide the thermal bridge to areas that contact the liquid fuel to heat the fuel. In the case shown, however, the material 48 with high thermal conductivity is integrated in the form of metal ribs into the plastic molded part 44 and heats only the elastomer 36.
Dem Fachmann ist klar, dass die anhand der Figuren 3 bis 5 erläuterten Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe beliebig untereinander kombiniert werden können, und auch sämtliche dieser möglichen Kombinationen werden hiermit offenbart.It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the embodiments of the reciprocating piston pump according to the invention explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 can be combined with one another as desired, and all of these possible combinations are also disclosed here.
Es ist weiterhin klar, dass das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Starten und Betreiben einer mit flüssigem Brennstoff betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugheizung, beispielsweise der in Fi- gur 2 dargestellten Kraftfahrzeugheizung 10, mit allen vorstehend erläuterten Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe durchgeführt werden kann, indem das Elastomer 36 bereits vor der Zündung des Brenners 14 (Figur 2) beheizt wird. Sofern zum Beheizen des Elastomers 36 über die Wicklung 22 erzeugte Wärme verwendet wird, kann es sinnvoll sein, die Wicklung 22 vor der Zündung des Brenners nur vergleichsweise schwach zu bestromen, und zwar derart, dass eine zur Erwärmung des Elastomers 36 ausrei- chende Wärmemenge erzeugt wird ohne den Hubkolben 24 in Bewegung zu setzen.It is further clear that the method according to the invention for starting and operating a liquid fuel-fueled motor vehicle heating system, for example the one disclosed in gur 2 illustrated motor vehicle heater 10, with all the above-described embodiments of the reciprocating fuel pump according to the invention can be performed by the elastomer 36 is already heated before the ignition of the burner 14 (Figure 2). If heat generated for heating the elastomer 36 via the winding 22 is used, it may be expedient to energize the winding 22 only comparatively weakly before the ignition of the burner, in such a way that generates a sufficient amount of heat to heat the elastomer 36 is set without the reciprocating piston 24 in motion.
Figur 6 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Brennstoffventils 52, das Bestandteil der Kraftfahrzeugheizung 10 von Figur 2 sein kann. Bei dem Brennstoffventil 52 handelt es sich um ein elektromagnetisch betätigtes Koaxialventil, das einen Brennstoffeinlass 54 und einen Brennstoffauslass 56 aufweist. Sobald an einen elektrischen Anschluss 74 eine geeignete Spannung angelegt wird, wird eine Wicklung 58 bestromt, wodurch ein Ventil- kolben 60 bezogen auf die Darstellung von Figur 6 nach rechts in Bewegung versetzt wird, so dass das Brennstoffventil 52 öffnet und Brennstoff vom Brennstoffeinlass 54 zum Brennstoffauslass 56 strömen kann. Im stromlosen Zu- stand der Wicklung 58 drückt eine Rückstellfeder 62 den Ventilkolben 60 bezogen auf die Darstellung von Figur 6 derart nach links, dass der Ventilkolben 60 mit einem Ventilsitz 64 zusammenwirkt, um das Brennstoffventil 52 zu schließen.FIG. 6 shows a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of a fuel valve 52, which may be part of the motor vehicle heater 10 of FIG. The fuel valve 52 is an electromagnetically actuated coaxial valve having a fuel inlet 54 and a fuel outlet 56. As soon as a suitable voltage is applied to an electrical connection 74, a winding 58 is energized, whereby a valve piston 60 is moved to the right relative to the representation of FIG. 6, so that the fuel valve 52 opens and fuel from the fuel inlet 54 opens Can flow fuel outlet 56. In the de-energized state of the winding 58, a return spring 62 presses the valve piston 60 to the left relative to the illustration of FIG. 6 such that the valve piston 60 interacts with a valve seat 64 to close the fuel valve 52.
Obwohl es in vielen Fällen ausreicht, die Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe selbst mit einem Dämpfungselement auszustatten, weist das in Figur 6 dargestellte Brennstoffventil 52 ein weiteres Dämpfungselement 66 auf, das ebenfalls zur Unter- drückung von Pulsationen im BrennstoffSystem beiträgt. Das Dämpfungselement 66 umfasst auch in diesem Fall ein balgartiges Elastomer 68. Wenn flüssiger Brennstoff durch eine Bohrung 72 tritt und in Kontakt mit dem Elastomer 68 ge- langt, dehnt sich das Elastomer 68 in eine benachbarte Kammer 70 aus, die in einem durch ein Kunststoffformteil 76 gebildeten Dämpfergehäuse vorgesehen ist. Vorraussetzung hierfür ist ein gewisser Gegendruck im BrennstoffSystem, der für das "Aufspannen" des Elastomers 68 sorgt.Although it is sufficient in many cases to equip the reciprocating fuel pump itself with a damping element, the fuel valve 52 shown in FIG. 6 has a further damping element 66, which is likewise used to lower the pressure. suppressing pulsations in the fuel system. The damping element 66 also includes a bellows elastomer 68 in this case. As liquid fuel passes through a bore 72 and comes into contact with the elastomer 68, the elastomer 68 expands into an adjacent chamber 70 that is penetrated by a plastic molding 76 formed damper housing is provided. The prerequisite for this is a certain back pressure in the fuel system, which ensures the "stretching" of the elastomer 68.
Um eine Verglasung des beispielsweise aus dem Werkstoff FKN gebildeten Elastomers 68 auch bei sehr niedrigen Temperaturen von beispielsweise weniger als -23 0C zu vermeiden, ist dem Dämpfungselement 66 eine elektrische Heizung 78 zuge- ordnet. Im dargestellten Fall umfasst die elektrische Heizung 78 mehrere PTC-Heizelemente 78a, die in der Nähe des Elastomers 68 angeordnet sind, sowie zumindest einen Heizdraht 78b, der in das Elastomer 68 integriert ist. Es ist klar, dass nicht alle dargestellten Heizelemente 78a und 78b vorhanden sein müssen, sondern dass gegebenenfalls das68 to prevent glazing of the elastomer formed, for example made of the material FKN even at very low temperatures, for example less than -23 0 C, the damping element 66 is an electric heater 78 arranged conces-. In the illustrated case, the electric heater 78 includes a plurality of PTC heating elements 78 a disposed in the vicinity of the elastomer 68 and at least one heating wire 78 b integrated with the elastomer 68. It is clear that not all of the heating elements 78a and 78b shown must be present, but that if necessary
Vorsehen nur einer Art von Heizelementen 78a oder 78b ausreichen kann, um das Elastomer 68 geeignet zu erwärmen. Um die Wirkung der PTC-Heizelemente 78a zu optimieren, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen dem zu erwärmenden Bereich, das heißt dem Elastomer 36 und dem jeweiligen PTC-Heizelement , ein Material mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist, beispielsweise ein Metall. Die direkteste Erwärmung des E- lastomers 68 wird durch die Heizdrähte 78b erzielt. Die PTC-Heizelemente 78a erwärmen sowohl Material, das mit dem Elastomer 68 in Kontakt gelangt, als auch Material, das mit flüssigem Brennstoff in Kontakt gelangt. Eine Vorwärmung des Brennstoffs dient zum einen einer indirekten Erwärmung des Elastomers 68 und führt zum anderen zu einer besseren Verbrennung. Gegebenenfalls können weitere (nicht darge- stellte) Heizelemente vorgesehen sein, die ausschließlich zur Erwärmung des flüssigen Brennstoffs dienen. Einige oder alle der dargestellten Heizelemente 78a und 78b können parallel zu der Wicklung 58 angeschlossen sein oder separat angesteuert werden. Eine separate Ansteuerung ist zwar aufwendiger, sie ermöglicht jedoch eine Vorwärmung unabhängig von der Ventilstellung.Providing only one type of heating elements 78a or 78b may be sufficient to properly heat the elastomer 68. In order to optimize the effect of the PTC heating elements 78a, it is advantageous if a material with high thermal conductivity, for example a metal, is provided between the region to be heated, that is to say the elastomer 36 and the respective PTC heating element. The most direct heating of the elastomer 66 is achieved by the heating wires 78b. The PTC heaters 78a heat both material that contacts the elastomer 68 and material that contacts liquid fuel. A preheating of the fuel serves on the one hand to an indirect heating of the elastomer 68 and on the other hand leads to a better combustion. If necessary, further (not shown) provided) heating elements may be provided, which serve exclusively for heating the liquid fuel. Some or all of the illustrated heating elements 78a and 78b may be connected in parallel with the winding 58 or driven separately. Although a separate control is more expensive, but it allows a preheating regardless of the valve position.
Das in Figur 7 dargestellte Brennstoffventil 52 unterschei- det sich dadurch von der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 6, dass dort keine Heizelemente vorgesehen sind, sondern dass das Elastomer 68 durch die Abwärme des Brennstoffventils 52 beheizt wird. Um diese Beheizung zu ermöglichen, beziehungsweise zu optimieren, ist der Bereich des Dämpfungsele- mentes 66 von einem Material 82 mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit umgeben, das heißt von einer Wärmeisolierung. Obwohl dies nicht dargestellt ist, kann das Material 82 mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit gegebenenfalls einen schicht- fδrmigen Aufbau aufweisen. Es ist klar, dass im geöffneten Zustand des Brennstoffventils 52 aufgrund der entsprechenden Bestromung der Wicklung 58 ausreichend Abwärme erzeugt wird, um das Elastomer 68 zu beheizen. Das Brennstoffventil 52d kann jedoch auch so ausgelegt sein, dass eine niedrigere Bestromung der Wicklung 58, die noch nicht zum Öffnen des Brennstoffventils 52d führt, zur Beheizung des Elastomers 68 ausreichend ist.The fuel valve 52 shown in FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in that no heating elements are provided there, but that the elastomer 68 is heated by the waste heat of the fuel valve 52. In order to enable or optimize this heating, the region of the damping element 66 is surrounded by a material 82 having a low thermal conductivity, that is to say a heat insulation. Although not shown, the low thermal conductivity material 82 may optionally have a layered construction. It is clear that in the opened state of the fuel valve 52 due to the corresponding energization of the winding 58, sufficient waste heat is generated in order to heat the elastomer 68. However, the fuel valve 52d may also be designed so that a lower energization of the winding 58, which does not yet lead to the opening of the fuel valve 52d, for heating the elastomer 68 is sufficient.
Die in Figur 8 dargestellte Ausführungsform des Brennstoffventils 52 unterscheidet sich dadurch von der Ausführungs- form gemäß Figur 6, dass dort keine Heizelemente vorgesehen sind, sondern dass die Beheizung des Elastomers durch die in der Wicklung 58 erzeugte und über zumindest eine Wärmebrücke zum Elastomer 68 geführte Wärme erfolgt. Zu diesem Zweck ist ein Material 80 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit zwi- sehen der Wicklung 58 und dem Elastomer 68 vorgesehen. Das Material 80 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit kann insbesondere ein Metall wie Aluminium sein, wobei die Formgebung beispielsweise rippenartig sein kann, um eine geeignete Wärme- brücke zu schaffen. Obwohl dies nicht dargestellt ist, kann es ebenfalls vorteilhaft sein, die Wärmebrücke auch zu Bereichen zu führen, die mit dem flüssigem Brennstoff in Kontakt gelangen, um den Brennstoff zu erwärmen. Im dargestellten Fall ist das Material 80 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähig- keit jedoch in Form von Metallrippen in das Kunststoffformteil 76 integriert und beheizt zumindest überwiegend nur das Elastomer 68.The embodiment of the fuel valve 52 shown in FIG. 8 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in that no heating elements are provided there, but that the heating of the elastomer is guided by the elastomer 58 produced in the winding 58 and via at least one thermal bridge Heat takes place. For this purpose, a material 80 with high thermal conductivity between see the winding 58 and the elastomer 68 is provided. The material 80 with high thermal conductivity may, in particular, be a metal such as aluminum, wherein the shape may, for example, be rib-like in order to create a suitable thermal bridge. Although not shown, it may also be advantageous to also guide the thermal bridge to areas that contact the liquid fuel to heat the fuel. In the illustrated case, however, the material 80 with high heat conductivity is integrated in the form of metal ribs into the plastic molded part 76 and at least predominantly heats only the elastomer 68.
Dem Fachmann ist klar, dass auch die anhand der Figuren 6 bis 8 erläuterten Ausführungsformen des Brennstoffventils 52 beliebig untereinander kombiniert werden können, und auch sämtliche dieser möglichen Kombinationen werden hiermit offenbart.It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the embodiments of the fuel valve 52 explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8 can also be combined as desired with one another, and all of these possible combinations are also disclosed here.
Figur 9 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Brennstoffventils 84, das anstelle des vorstehend erläuterten Brennstoffventils 52 Bestandteil der Kraftfahrzeugheizung 10 von Figur 2 sein kann. Bei dem Brennstoffventil 84 handelt es sich um ein elektromagnetisch betätigtes Koaxialventil, das einenFIG. 9 shows a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a fuel valve 84, which may be part of the motor vehicle heater 10 of FIG. 2 instead of the fuel valve 52 explained above. The fuel valve 84 is an electromagnetically actuated coaxial valve having a
Brennstoffeinlass 86 und einen Brennstoffauslass 88 aufweist. Sobald an einen elektrischen Anschluss 98 eine geeignete Spannung angelegt wird, wird eine Wicklung 90 bestromt, wodurch ein Ventilkolben 92 bezogen auf die Dar- Stellung von Figur 9 nach rechts in Bewegung versetzt wird, so dass das Brennstoffventil 84 öffnet und Brennstoff vom Brennstoffeinlass 86 zum Brennstoffauslass 88 strömen kann. Im stromlosen Zustand der Wicklung 90 drückt eine Rückstellfeder 94 den Ventilkolben 92 bezogen auf die Darstel- lung von Figur 9 derart nach links, dass der Ventilkolben 92 mit einem Ventilsitz 96 zusammenwirkt, um das Brennstoffventil 84 zu schließen.Fuel inlet 86 and a fuel outlet 88 has. As soon as a suitable voltage is applied to an electrical connection 98, a winding 90 is energized, whereby a valve piston 92 is moved to the right relative to the illustration of FIG. 9, so that the fuel valve 84 opens and fuel from the fuel inlet 86 opens Fuel outlet 88 can flow. When the winding 90 is de-energized, a return spring 94 presses the valve piston 92 relative to the illustration. 9 to the left so that the valve piston 92 cooperates with a valve seat 96 to close the fuel valve 84.
Das in Figur 9 dargestellte Brennstoffventil 84 ist dazu ausgelegt, Brennstoff vorzuwärmen. Zur Erwärmung des Brennstoffs wird über die Wicklung 90 erzeugte Wärme genutzt, wobei zwischen der Wicklung 90 und den Bereichen, mit denen der Brennstoff in Kontakt gelangt, ein Material 88 mit ho- her Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist. Bei dem Material 88 mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit kann es sich insbesondere um ein Metall wie Aluminium handeln. Die Erwärmung des Brennstoffs wird dadurch optimiert, dass im Außenbereich des Brennstoffventils 84 ein Material 100 mit niedriger Wärme- leitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist, das heißt ein Wärmeisolator. Das Material 100 mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit kann prinzipiell durch jedes dem Fachmann bekannte Isolationsmaterial gebildet sein, beispielsweise durch Metall- und/oder Kunststoffschäume . Obwohl dies nicht dargestellt ist, kann das Material 100 mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit weiterhin einen schichtartigen Aufbau aufweisen. Es ist klar, dass im geöffnetem Zustand des Brennstoffventils 84 aufgrund der entsprechenden Bestromung der Wicklung 90 ausreichend Abwärme erzeugt wird, um den Brennstoff vorzuwärmen. Das Brennstoffventil 84 kann jedoch auch so ausgelegt sein, dass eine niedrigere Bestromung der Wicklung 90, die noch nicht zum Öffnen des Brennstoffventils 84 führt, zur Vorwärmung des Brennstoffs ausreicht.The fuel valve 84 shown in FIG. 9 is configured to preheat fuel. In order to heat the fuel, heat generated by the winding 90 is used, and a material 88 having a high thermal conductivity is provided between the winding 90 and the regions with which the fuel comes into contact. The high thermal conductivity material 88 may be, in particular, a metal such as aluminum. The heating of the fuel is optimized by providing a material 100 with low thermal conductivity, that is to say a heat insulator, in the outer region of the fuel valve 84. The material 100 with low thermal conductivity can in principle be formed by any insulation material known to those skilled in the art, for example by metal and / or plastic foams. Although not shown, the low thermal conductivity material 100 may further have a layered structure. It is clear that in the opened state of the fuel valve 84 due to the corresponding energization of the coil 90 sufficient waste heat is generated to preheat the fuel. However, the fuel valve 84 may also be designed so that a lower energization of the winding 90, which does not yet lead to the opening of the fuel valve 84, is sufficient for preheating the fuel.
Durch die Verwendung des in Figur 9 dargestellten Brennstoffventils 84 kann gegebenenfalls auf eine üblicherweise verwendete Heizpatrone verzichtet werden. Derartige Heizpatronen weisen häufig eine hohe Leistungsaufnahme von beispielsweise 40 Watt auf und werden daher nicht während des gesamten Brennbetriebs der Kraftfahrzeugheizung bestromt, sondern nur in der Startphase. Im Gegensatz hierzu kann mit dem Brennstoffventil 84 während des gesamten Brennerbetriebs eine Vorwärmung des Brennstoffs erfolgen, wobei das Brennstoffventil 84 gegebenenfalls eine erhöhte elektrische Leistung aufweisen kann. Durch die Brennstofferwärmung erfolgen eine Erhöhung der Enthalpie des Brennstoffs und eine Herabsetzung der Viskosität, was sich positiv auf den Brennbetrieb auswirkt.By using the fuel valve 84 shown in Figure 9 may optionally be dispensed with a commonly used heating cartridge. Such cartridge heaters often have a high power consumption of, for example, 40 watts and are therefore not during the energized the entire combustion operation of the vehicle heating, but only in the starting phase. In contrast, the fuel valve 84 may preheat the fuel throughout the burner operation, and the fuel valve 84 may optionally have increased electrical power. The heating of the fuel causes an increase in the enthalpy of the fuel and a reduction in the viscosity, which has a positive effect on the combustion operation.
Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, in den Zeichnungen sowie in den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung wesentlich sein. The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the drawings and in the claims may be essential to the realization of the invention both individually and in any combination.
Bezugzeichenliste :Reference list:
10 Kraftfahrzeugheizung10 vehicle heating
12 Brennstofftank 14 Brenner-/Wärmetauschereinheit12 fuel tank 14 burner / heat exchanger unit
16 Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe16 reciprocating fuel pump
18 Brennstoffeinlass18 fuel intake
20 Brennstoffauslass20 fuel outlet
22 Wicklung 24 Hubkolben22 winding 24 reciprocating
26 Rückstellfeder26 return spring
28 Rückschlagventil28 check valve
30 Förderkammer30 delivery chamber
32 Nachsaugventil 34 Dämpfungselement32 Suction valve 34 Damping element
36 Elastomer36 elastomer
38 Kammer38 chamber
40 Bohrung40 hole
42 elektrischer Anschluss 44 Kunststoffformteil42 electrical connection 44 plastic molding
46 Heizelement46 heating element
48 Material mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit / Metallrippe48 Material with high thermal conductivity / metal fin
50 Material mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit / Isolator50 Low thermal conductivity material / insulator
52 Brennstoffventil 54 Brennstoffeinlass52 fuel valve 54 fuel inlet
56 Brennstoffauslass56 fuel outlet
58 Wicklung58 winding
60 Ventilkolben60 valve piston
62 Rückstellfeder 64 Ventilsitz62 Return spring 64 Valve seat
66 Dämpfungselement66 damping element
68 Elastomer68 elastomer
70 Kammer70 chamber
72 Bohrung 74 elektrischer Anschluss72 bore 74 electrical connection
76 Kunststoffformteil76 plastic molding
78 Heizelement78 heating element
80 Material mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit / Metallrippe 82 Material mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit / Isolator80 High thermal conductivity material / metal fin 82 Low thermal conductivity material / insulator
84 Brennstoffventil84 fuel valve
86 Brennstoffeinlass86 fuel inlet
88 Brennstoffauslass88 fuel outlet
90 Wicklung 92 Ventilkolben90 winding 92 valve piston
94 Rückstellfeder94 return spring
96 Ventilsitz96 valve seat
98 elektrischer Anschluss98 electrical connection
100 Kunststoffformteil / Isolator 100 plastic molded part / insulator

Claims

ANSPRUCHE
1. Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16), insbesondere für eine Kraftfahrzeugheizung (10) , die elektromagnetisch angetrie- ben wird und zur Förderung von flüssigem Brennstoff vorgesehen ist, mit einem ein Elastomer (36) umfassenden Dämpfungselement (34) zur Dämpfung von durch die Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16) erzeugten Pulsationen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel (22, 46, 48, 50) zur Beheizung des Elastomers (36) vorgesehen sind.1. Reciprocating fuel pump (16), in particular for a motor vehicle heating (10), which is electromagnetically driven and is provided for conveying liquid fuel, comprising an elastomer (36) comprising a damping element (34) for damping by the Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16 ) generated pulsations, characterized in that means (22, 46, 48, 50) for heating the elastomer (36) are provided.
2. Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (22, 46, 48, 50) zur Beheizung des Elastomers eine elektrische Heizung (46) umfassen.2. Hubkolbenfuel pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (22, 46, 48, 50) for heating the elastomer comprise an electric heater (46).
3. Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (22, 46, 48, 50) zur Beheizung des Elastomers eine Wicklung (22) des elektromagnetischen Antriebs der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16) umfas- sen.3. A reciprocating fuel pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means (22, 46, 48, 50) for heating the elastomer comprise a winding (22) of the electromagnetic drive of the reciprocating fuel pump (16) sen.
4. Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Bereich zwischen dem Elastomer (36) und der Umgebung ein Material (50) mit niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist.4. Hubkolbenfuel pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a region between the elastomer (36) and the environment, a material (50) is provided with low thermal conductivity.
5. Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Bereich zwischen der Wicklung (22) und dem Elastomer (36) ein Material (48) mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist.5. Hubkolbenfuel pump according to claim 3, characterized in that in a region between the winding (22) and the elastomer (36) a material (48) is provided with high thermal conductivity.
6. Verfahren zum Starten und Betreiben einer mit flüssi- gern Brennstoff betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugheizung (10) , die einen Brenner (14) und eine Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16) mit einem ein Elastomer (36) umfassenden Dämpfungselement (34) zur Dämpfung von durch die Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16) erzeugten Pulsationen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass das Elastomer (36) bereits vor der Zündung des Brenners (14) beheizt wird.6. A method for starting and operating a liquid fuel fueled vehicle heating system (10) comprising a burner (14) and a reciprocating fuel pump (16) having an elastomer (36) comprising a damping element (34) for damping by the reciprocating fuel pump (16). 16), characterized in that the elastomer (36) is already heated before the ignition of the burner (14).
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elastomer (36) durch eine elektrische Heizeinrich- tung (46) beheizt wird.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastomer (36) by an electric heater (46) is heated.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elastomer (36) durch eine Wicklung (22) eines elektromagnetischen Antriebs der Hubkolbenbrennstoffpumpe (16) beheizt wird. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the elastomer (36) by a winding (22) of an electromagnetic drive of the reciprocating fuel pump (16) is heated.
EP06722730A 2005-04-01 2006-03-31 Lifting piston fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating system Not-in-force EP1864018B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005015117A DE102005015117B4 (en) 2005-04-01 2005-04-01 Reciprocating fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating
PCT/DE2006/000579 WO2006102884A1 (en) 2005-04-01 2006-03-31 Lifting piston fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1864018A1 true EP1864018A1 (en) 2007-12-12
EP1864018B1 EP1864018B1 (en) 2008-12-31

Family

ID=36591278

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06722730A Not-in-force EP1864018B1 (en) 2005-04-01 2006-03-31 Lifting piston fuel pump and method for starting and operating a motor vehicle heating system

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US20080213106A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1864018B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2008536039A (en)
KR (1) KR100920097B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101208517A (en)
AT (1) ATE419462T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2603067A1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005015117B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2006102884A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100920097B1 (en) 2009-10-01
JP2008536039A (en) 2008-09-04
KR20070119062A (en) 2007-12-18
WO2006102884A1 (en) 2006-10-05
DE502006002499D1 (en) 2009-02-12
EP1864018B1 (en) 2008-12-31
CA2603067A1 (en) 2006-10-05
DE102005015117B4 (en) 2007-04-26
ATE419462T1 (en) 2009-01-15
DE102005015117A1 (en) 2006-10-05
CN101208517A (en) 2008-06-25
US20080213106A1 (en) 2008-09-04

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