EP1859386A1 - Authentisieren mit chipkarte - Google Patents
Authentisieren mit chipkarteInfo
- Publication number
- EP1859386A1 EP1859386A1 EP06723079A EP06723079A EP1859386A1 EP 1859386 A1 EP1859386 A1 EP 1859386A1 EP 06723079 A EP06723079 A EP 06723079A EP 06723079 A EP06723079 A EP 06723079A EP 1859386 A1 EP1859386 A1 EP 1859386A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- authentication data
- alienated
- secret
- error
- biometric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
- G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
- G07C9/257—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition electronically
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods and systems for authenticating persons to a test apparatus by means of a chip card and in particular a chip card set up for this purpose and a computer program product for setting up such chip cards for these purposes.
- Verification of a person's entitlement to access or use a facility can be realized in different ways depending on the respective security requirements.
- a common authentication method is the entry of secret access data such as a password or a personal identification number (PIN) at a test terminal.
- PIN personal identification number
- this method is relatively uncertain, since PINs are written down frequently and thus can be accessible to unauthorized persons.
- an additional data carrier is often used, which provides the PIN for comparison with the input of the person. Authentication then takes place via the knowledge of the PIN and the ownership of the data carrier, which is usually present as an electronic device, for example as a chip card or other portable storage medium.
- an unauthorized owner of the data carrier can usually read the access data with little technical effort.
- biometric characteristics of persons such as fingerprints or iris patterns can be used as access data, since the digitization of these complex patterns leads to the derivation of a suitable number of numerical features by means of a reproducible extraction process, which can be unambiguously and exclusively attributed to the person concerned On the other hand, they can not easily be forged.
- WO 01/15378 A1 discloses a method for protecting a digital signature key.
- a biometric feature vector is first extracted on a test terminal from a biometric property as reference authentication data.
- the signature key with the reference authentication data is encrypted and stored on the chip card as a storage medium, while the reference authentication data remain on the test terminal.
- the legitimate user can authenticate in a corresponding authentication process by generating similar biometric authentication data and comparison with the stored reference authentication data on the test terminal. Thereafter, the authentication data are transmitted to the smart card and decrypted with the signature key.
- WO 03/071492 A2 likewise discloses an off-card method for biometric authentication, in which the actual authentication also takes place outside the storage medium on the test terminal.
- the authentication data are generated on the test terminal and encrypted with a random number generated there.
- the reference authentication data on the chip card are encrypted with the random number which is sent to the test terminal for this purpose.
- the encrypted reference authentication data is then sent to the test terminal for comparison with the encrypted authentication data.
- the problem here is that with the random number a cryptographic key is sent in plain text to the smart card and encrypted with this key Ref erenz- authentication data for the actual authentication back to the test terminal are sent back.
- the authentication is performed on the storage medium or on the chip card.
- the digitized biometric properties or the refinement authentication data extracted therefrom are stored on the chip card in unencrypted or encrypted form.
- the realization of an on-card authentication is complicated, however, since a modified authentication strategy necessitates a modification of the authentication or cryptographic functions implemented as part of the chip card operating system.
- both the on-card and the off-card solution first of all determine exactly those biometric characteristics of the person at the checking device and transformed into a biometric feature vector which already generates the reference authentication data stored in the chip card were used.
- an error-correcting correction device which can either be a component of the test device or physically separate, independent component of an authentication system.
- the correction device is connected to the test apparatus via a suitable communication network.
- a person For authentication, a person first approaches a test device with a chip card as a portable storage medium.
- the smart card stores reference authentication data that is based on one or more of the person's unique biometric characteristics.
- a security application is present on the chip card, which provides such required for carrying out the authentication method security and control functionalities that are not already provided as unmodif icated standard functions of a conventional, commercially used standard smart card operating system.
- smart card operating systems are e.g. STARCOS, STARSIM, Multos, CardOS, JavaCard, etc.
- the security application accesses e.g. to the obligatory authentication or cryptography function of the respective smart card operating system in the standard implemented manner.
- the security application merely makes a separate from it in terms of data technology resettable EEPROM memory of the smart card resident application program, which is executed by the smart card processor and communicates with the operating system via internal interfaces or calls its functions.
- the invention can be implemented with any chip card operating system, in particular with the open platform of the JavaCard.
- the security application implementing the authentication method is located as a Java applet in the EEPROM memory of the card.
- the security application in the non-volatile EEPROM memory of the chip card, on the one hand, the security application and, on the other hand, the reference authentication data used by the authentication function are located. Any cryptographic keys needed by the cryptographic function are also in the EEPROM memory. Since the operating system resides in the permanent ROM memory of the chip card and is therefore immutable in finished smart cards, already personalized and issued to end customers smart cards that use any smart card operating system can be upgraded or retrofitted with the inventive method by loading the security application, without that intervention in the operating system would be necessary.
- the authentication data are first transmitted to the smart card, preferably in a secure form, and there subjected to a suitable alienation by the security application, on the one hand can only be reversed by the security application itself and on the other hand is such that the error-prone authentication data despite alienation can be so error-corrected that arise as a result error-corrected alienated authentication data. Due to the alienation, the transmission of the authentication data to an external correction device is technically unproblematic.
- the alienation is preferably individualized by an XOR link (exclusive OR) of the authentication data with one of the security application for each authentication process generated random codeword, such as a random number performed.
- the authentication data individually alienated in this way can now be transmitted safely via communication networks, since the random code word is used only once and only the smart card or its security application is known. In this respect, a reconstruction of the authentication data from the alienated authentication data is only possible on the security application.
- This error correction by means of a special correction device outside the chip card makes sense, since the errors inherent in the authentication data u.a. may depend on the sensors of the test apparatus and the conditions of reception that governed the detection of biometric characteristics. Such error processes can thus be corrected more successfully by a correction device individually matched to the sensor of the respective test device than standardized by a chip card.
- the correction functionality of the correction device can be sensibly realized as a software solution that can run on a suitable processor.
- the correction function then corrects the alienated, error-prone authentication data independently of the alienation, so that the result is error-corrected, but nevertheless alienated authentication data are generated. These are then transmitted back to the chip card via a suitable communication link.
- the detected, error-prone authentication data are encrypted by the test device before transmission to the chip card and decrypted before the alienation on the chip card again.
- the data communication between smart card and correction device can be done in principle unencrypted due to the alienation of the authentication data, it is provided in one embodiment of the invention, in addition to the correction device to transfer the alienated error-prone authentication data to encrypt and decrypt after transmission again. It is also possible to additionally encrypt the retransfer of the error-corrected authentication data from the correction device to the chip card.
- the chip card receives the encrypted or unencrypted alienated authentication data from the correction device or the test apparatus, reconstructs the authentication data from the encrypted authentication data by means of the security application and finally forwards the error-corrected, unaltered authentication data to the authentication function of the smart card operating system their conformity with the reference authentication data stored in the chip card is checked. If the deviations of the authentication data and the reference authentication data in a given statistical Move frame, the person is considered authenticated and receives the desired access.
- Additional security is achieved when the sensor of the tester must additionally authorize prior to the recording of biometric properties at the chip card in contact with the tester at that time.
- the secure messaging protocol is suitable for this purpose.
- the additional authorization of the sensor prevents an attack by deception by means of a manipulated sensor.
- biometric characteristics for the present invention.
- a symmetric encryption method can be used in which the cryptographic function of the chip card uses a key stored in the memory of the chip card, which is also present on the tester. Since it is not appropriate for security reasons, to deposit the same key on each chip card, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, one of the tester known master key (Masterkey) is used, with a unique, derived smart card key (Derived Key) for the Chip card can be generated. In this way, the consequences of unauthorized reading of the chip card key are minimized.
- Masterkey master key
- Deived Key derived smart card key
- a manufactured chip card equipped with an executable standard chip card operating system Before a manufactured chip card equipped with an executable standard chip card operating system can be used by its owner for authentication, it must first be prepared by depositing the security application and at least the reference authentication data in the non-volatile EEPROM memory of the chip card. This can be done as part of the personalization of the chip card. If necessary, a cryptography key can also be stored.
- the ref erence authentication data to be written in as part of the preparation of the chip card are in principle generated in the same way as the authentication data from the checking device, so that comparable data records are created within the framework of the error-related variance.
- any storage medium can be used in which a secret secured by means of biometric reference data is present.
- the storage medium may be designed as a portable storage device, for example as a USB storage dongle or chip card, or as a stationary storage system, for example in the form of a computer, as well as a conventional storage module of the testing device or the correction device.
- the basis of the authentication of a person at the checking device in this second aspect of the invention is the secure determination of a secret from a biometrically secured secret present on the storage medium in order to use the secret present in plaintext to authenticate the person at the checking device.
- biometric authentication data of the person on the test apparatus are first of all collected, as described in the context of the first aspect of the invention.
- the authorization of the person is checked by compensating for the biometric security of the secret by means of the recorded, necessarily faulty biometric authentication data, so that the result is an alienated secret that no longer contains any biometric information.
- the alienated secret is additionally subject to errors. Therefore, the compensation of the biometric protection is performed such that a later error correction of the alienated secret despite its alienation is possible.
- the error-prone, alienated secret is transmitted to the correction device for error correction, where its error component is first eliminated by a suitable algorithm, and then the clear-text secret is reconstructed from the now error-corrected, alienated secret.
- the clear text secret present on the correction device can be used for the person in the further course for the final authentication of the person.
- the secret of the person is unique so that their authorization can be clearly demonstrated with the presence of the plaintext secret.
- the advantage of this method lies in the fact that the clear-text secret can be determined, none without any of the participating instances, the test device, the storage medium or the correction device, the full required for authentication data, and thus a targeted spying one of these instances can not lead to corruption of the authentication method. While the test device only has knowledge of the person's biometry and does not know the secret, the storage medium only knows the secret that has been secured, not biometrics. The correction device finally reconstructs the cleartext secret, but biometrics is unknown to it.
- the authentication data is alienated from a calculation device of the test apparatus and the alienated authentication data is transmitted to the storage medium via corresponding communication interfaces.
- the alienated authentication data and the biometrically secured secret are linked by a computing device of the storage medium such that the biometric authentication data and the biometric reference data used to secure the secret eliminate each other and an erroneous, alienated result results, which is transmitted to the correction device for further processing.
- the biometrically secured secret is alienated by a computing device of the storage medium and transmitted to the test device via corresponding communication interfaces.
- the alienated, biometrically secured secret is linked to the biometric authentication data by a calculation device of the checking device, so that the biometric reference and authentication data are mutually eliminated and an erroneous, alienated secret results, which is transmitted to the correcting device for further processing.
- biometrically secure the secret by means of an XOR linkage with biometric reference data It is advantageous to biometrically secure the secret by means of an XOR linkage with biometric reference data.
- the compensation of the biometric protection can also be carried out by means of an XOR linkage from the test device or from the storage medium, since the biometric authentication data and the biometric reference data eliminate each other in the event of an XOR link.
- the alienation is preferably realized by an XOR link, so that the reconstruction of the cleartext secret from the alienated secret can also be performed by the correction device by means of an XOR link.
- the alienation is advantageously carried out by means of a random codeword, for example a random number, which, depending on the embodiment, is generated either by the test device or the storage medium. After this The alienating the random codeword of the test device or the storage medium is transferred to the correction device so that there can take place the final reconstruction of the clear text secret.
- the storage medium comprises, unless it is a chip card according to the first aspect of the invention, at least one calculating means, such as e.g. A processor for performing necessary alienation and linking operations.
- FIG. 1 shows an inventive authentication system consisting of a chip card and a test device with external correction device
- FIG. 2 shows the sequence of an authentication procedure and, in particular, the interaction of the components involved in it
- Figures 3A and 3B each show an embodiment of a second. Aspect of the invention show.
- the chip card 1 next to the test apparatus 2 and the correction device 4 forms the central component of the authentication system shown in FIG.
- the chip card 1 is as Commercial chip card formed with a conventional internal structure and includes a communication interface 12 for data communication with the corresponding interface 21 of the test apparatus 2, a central processor (CPU) 11 for program execution, an internal data bus 17 and finally a differentiated memory device 10 consisting of a non-volatile memory (ROM), a nonvolatile, rewritable EEPROM memory and a RAM memory.
- the operating system 13 of the chip card 1 is a specialized chip card operating system which was stored in the ROM memory when the chip card was manufactured.
- Smart card operating systems are designed as security operating systems that control and secure all operations and in particular data accesses and manipulations on the chip card. Therefore, important safety-relevant algorithms, such as the cryptography function 132 or the authentication function 131 are designed as immediate operating system functionalities, either as real operating system functions or as modular operating system modules. Since the operating system resides in the ROM memory, so far, the above-mentioned security functions over the entire life of the smart card 1 immutable and can be used only in the implemented manner.
- the security application 14 In principle, changeable and erasable applications, program components and data are stored in the non-volatile EEPROM memory.
- the security application 14 there are the security application 14, one or more cryptographic keys 15 and the reference authentication data 16. Deviating from this, it is also possible in principle with cryptographic methods with static bowls to deposit them directly in the manufacture of the chip card 1 in the ROM memory.
- the inventive method illustrated in FIG. 2 is realized by the interaction of the security application 14 with the chip card operating system 13 and its functions 131, 132. In principle, it is of course possible to adapt operating system functions with regard to an authentication strategy to be implemented to the security application 14. However, it is an object of the present invention that the security application 14 just does not require any adapted operating system functions, but can interact with any standard smart card operating system 13, which is unmodified at least in terms of its authentication functionalities.
- Such smart card operating systems are e.g. STARSIM, STARCOS, MPCOS, Cyberflex, Multiflex, Payflex, CardOS, but also JavaCard, Multos, BasicCard, Windows for Smart Cards as well as smart card-compatible Linux derivatives.
- the security application 14 is adapted to special conventions relating to the programming language, interfaces and data formats.
- the security application 14 is accordingly a Java applet.
- the security application 14 includes a random number generator 141 and an alienation function 142 that uses the random numbers generated by the random number generator 141 to alienate authentication data.
- This type of alienation with individually generated random numbers represents a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, since it provides high security due to the randomized and only once used alienation key.
- the security application 14 does not necessarily have its own random generator 141, but may instead use the standard random number generator of the operating system 13.
- the alienation of data from encryption is such that the alienated data can also be systematically manipulated in an alienated form. This makes it possible, for example, to subject alienated authentication data to error correction without the alienation disturbing the error correction or the error correction corrupting the alienation on the one hand.
- alienation function such as. the binary XOR function which satisfies the requirements for alienation with respect to a correction of noise and error processes.
- alienation function such as. the binary XOR function which satisfies the requirements for alienation with respect to a correction of noise and error processes.
- Another suitable alienation function in this context is the binary NXOR function, ie the XOR negation.
- Procedural and personal data and components are usually written in the personalization of the smart card 1, so their unique assignment to a person in the EEPROM memory.
- This preparation of the chip card 1 for its intended use by its owner is usually carried out by the smart card manufacturer or the issuing body.
- the reference authentication data 16 to be written into the chip card 1 during personalization are generated in principle in the same way as the authentication data 221 to be prepared by the checking device 2 during an authentication. That is to say, the same biometric characteristics of the person are recorded or digitized and algorithmically converted into numerical reference authentication data 16 as in the authentication by the testing device 2.
- the reference authentication data 16 serve as a basis for comparison each time the chip card 1 is used, it is expedient to use special methods for error correction or for minimizing statistical, technical or biological variances in its creation. In the simplest case, this can be achieved by averaging over a larger sample of authentication data of the same biometric properties. Other suitable methods have been widely documented in the prior art.
- the loading of the security application 14 into the EEPROM memory at the time of personalization has the advantage that the authentication method realized by the application 14 can on the one hand be tailored individually to the person, for example because the person belongs to a certain security level.
- the security application 14 and the authentication method implemented by it can be changed or adapted at a later time, for example to a changed biometric data collection, a changed appearance of the person or an altered encryption strategy in the authentication method.
- the communication interface 12 for enabling the read-out of the chip card 1 by the test apparatus 2 either the shape of a contact field or, alternatively, in the non-contacting embodiment, the shape of a coil.
- the test apparatus 2 is essentially equipped like a conventional computer and therefore includes a program execution CPU 28, a data bus 25, a memory device 27, and other application modules and programs, such as a cryptography device 26 and a computing device 22, both as hardware or software. Components or as stored in the memory 27 and can be configured by the CPU 28 executable software programs.
- the test apparatus 2 comprises an interface 21 for a chip card 1, which is advantageously designed as a conventional, contactless or contacting chip card reading device.
- the test apparatus 2 comprises a sensor 23 which records biometric characteristics 24 of persons who wish to authenticate themselves by means of their chip card 1 on the test apparatus 2.
- this may be an optical sensor, for example a CCD camera for digitizing a fingerprint or another digital camera for recording a portrait of the person.
- acoustic sensors for recording a voice profile, temperature sensors or other biometric sensors, and natural combinations of such sensors for recording multiple biometric characteristics are possible.
- the senor 23 is arranged to authorize, before it records a biometric characteristic 24, a secure access to the smart card 1, preferably via a secure messaging protocol. This ensures that the biometric data to be processed by the test apparatus 2 actually come from the sensor 23 and thus from the person to be authenticated.
- the computing device 22 calculates therefrom authentication data 221 of the person, which, however, are subject to errors due to technical and biological noise and variance processes.
- the correction device 4, whose task is the error correction of the error-prone authentication data 221 recorded by the sensor 23, can either be realized as in FIG. 1 as a separate component from the test device 2 or as an internal component of the test device 2.
- the external correcting device 4 which may be a conventional computer, comprises a memory device 43, a CPU 44, a cryptography device 42 and a correction functionality 41
- the correction functionality 41 and the cryptography device 42 can each be implemented as software components that reside in the memory 43 and can be executed by the CPU 44.
- the memory 43 also stores a cryptographic key 431 used for encryption and decryption by the cryptography device 42.
- the correction device 4 is connected directly to the internal data bus 25 of the test apparatus 2 and then does not require its own components, but they can use the corresponding components 26, 27 and 28 of the test apparatus 2.
- all three components have separate cryptographic functions or devices 132, 26, 43, the data to be transmitted with cryptographic keys 15, 271, Encrypt 431 and decrypt received encrypted data accordingly.
- the encryption of the data exchange with the correction device 4 is not absolutely necessary because these data are already alienated, but may be useful to increase security.
- the communication between the verifier 2 and the corrector may be symmetric (e.g., DES) or asymmetric (e.g., RSA) encrypted using the appropriate secret or public key, possibly involving a central certificate authority. It is also possible to use dynamic keys, which are regenerated similarly to the random number 141 for each encryption.
- data is encrypted with a secret key that can be decrypted from the receiving site by means of a public counterpart. It is therefore possible to provide each smart card 1 and each test device 2 with its own secret key, the encryption of which can only be decrypted with a public counterpart.
- the key pairs can then be generated, for example, by a central certification authority and made available to the components of the authentication system during production. Procurement of the required public key could be done via wireless requests to centralized or distributed key servers. 2, the procedural steps to be carried out by the individual components of a preferred embodiment of the authentication method according to the invention are complementary to the authentication system in FIG.
- step S1 After bringing the chip card 1 into contact with the test apparatus 2, for example by inserting the chip card 1 into a reading device of the test terminal 2 so that data communication can take place via the corresponding interfaces 12, 21, the sensor 23 first authorizes in step S1 This may be done, for example, in accordance with the Secure Messaging Protocol, or with any other secure technology suitable therefor.
- step S2 After the authorization of the sensor 23, in step S2 those biometric characteristics 24 of the person are recorded which were also used to generate the reference authentication data 16 located in the memory 10 of the chip card 1.
- step S3 the biometric characteristic 24 is transformed by the calculation means 22 of the test terminal 2 by feature extraction into a numerical feature vector PIN *, wherein the feature extraction is performed in the same way as in the generation of the reference authentication data REF.
- the methods for feature extraction also those are to be found that minimize at least the technical blurring (noise), resulting as the result of step S3 against the reference authentication data REF erroneous authentication data PIN * of the person.
- the error-prone authentication data PIN * is encrypted by the cryptography device 26 using the key 272 before the transmission in step S4 (resulting in enc [PIN *]), in step S5 for alienation to the chip card 1 and finally decrypted after reception by the interface 12 in step S6 from the cryptographic function 132 of the operating system 13 using the key 15.
- a random code word RND is first generated by the random generator 141 in step S7.
- the error-prone authentication data PJN * are alienated by the alienation function 142 using the random number RND, resulting in rnd [P ⁇ N *].
- the alienation is performed by an XOR combination of the two number sequences RND and PIN *.
- the generated random number RND is of the same length as the error-prone authentication data PIN *.
- the error-prone Authentication data PIN * must be error-corrected before the actual authentication.
- step S8 it is usually not useful to perform the error correction directly on the chip card 1, since the extent of the error depends inter alia on the sensor 23 used.
- they are so disguised (disguise) in step S8 that they can also be error-corrected in an alienated state, and finally transferred to the correction device 4 in step S9.
- the authentication data can be transmitted to the correction device 4 via the checking device 2, which forwards the authentication data PIN * to be corrected via a secure network 3 to the correction device 4.
- the transmission it is also possible for the transmission to establish a direct contact between the chip card 1 and the correction device 4, for example via a corresponding radio link.
- step S10 the correction device 4 corrects the alienated, error-prone authentication data rnd [PIN *] by means of suitable methods and thereby generates alienated, error-corrected authentication data rnd [PIN].
- the error correction of step S10 thus pursues the goal of transforming the error-prone authentication data PIN * generated by the checking device 2 so that it is comparable to the reference authentication data REF of the person. To achieve the error correction, it may therefore be useful to match these with the initial generation of the stored on the chip card 1 reference authentication data REP.
- the error correction has the combination with the alienation necessary for the inventive authentication property of commutativity with respect to the function composition, because the errors of the authentication data can be corrected so that the alienation is maintained so that it can be reversed by the alienation function 132 of the security application 14 again.
- the alienated, error-corrected authentication data rnd [PIN] are now sent back to the chip card 1 in step Sil, possibly by being forwarded through the test terminal 2.
- step S11 the error-corrected authentication data PIN is reconstructed from the received, alienated authentication data rnd [PIN] by the security application 14. If the complementary alienation in step S8 has already been carried out by an XOR combination of the error-prone authentication data PIN * with the random number RND, the alienated authentication data in step S11 are assigned the same random number RND, which in the meantime is stored in the RAM or EEPROM memory of the chip card 1, XOR linked again. The result is an unaltered and error-corrected authentication PIN, which are compared in the final authentication step S13 of the authentication function 131 of the smart card 1 with the stored in the memory reference authentication data REF.
- the authentication check in step S13 generally does not consist of a simple equality test, but of a fault-tolerant comparison, which is robust to remaining minimal deviations between the reference authentication data REF and the authentication data PIN within a certain tolerance interval. If the two data sets are identical within the tolerance interval, the transaction intended by the person is finally released in step S14 and this is communicated to the test terminal in a suitable manner.
- the alienated authentication data are not reconstructed after receiving the error-corrected, alienated authentication data by the smart card 1, but the reference authentication data 16 are alienated and these are compared by the authentication function 131 with the alienated authentication data.
- the alienation provides sufficient protection during the retransmission of the error-corrected authentication data from the correction device 4 to the chip card 1.
- the error-corrected, alienated authentication data can additionally be encrypted by the correction device 4.
- Reference authentication data 16 is alienated by the security application 14 with the random number already used for alienating the authentication data, then encrypted by the cryptographic function 132 of the smart card 1 and finally compared by the authentication function 131 with the received encrypted, alienated authentication data;
- the encrypted, alienated authentication data are first decrypted by the cryptography function 132 of the chip card 1, reconstructed by the security application 14 and compared by the authentication function 131 with the stored reference authentication data 16;
- the encrypted, alienated authentication data are decrypted, the reference authentication data 16 are alienated and both records are compared by the authentication function 131.
- the security application 14 uses to alienate the reference authentication data 16, the same random number that has already been used to alienate the authentication data.
- Figure 2 and the four above variants is common / that all security-related operations are performed by the security application 14 controlled on the smart card 1. No usable information is visible to the outside, which offers an attack potential. In particular, it is not possible to deduce the actual authentication data from the error correction carried out on an external correction device 4, since these are at least alienated outside the chip card 1 at any time.
- Figures 3 A and 3B show the inventive principle according to the second aspect of the present invention. The method is performed similarly to the above-described first aspect of the invention by three involved instances, a storage medium Y 1 a test apparatus 2 and a correction apparatus 4, wherein the test apparatus 2 and the correction apparatus 4 correspond to the apparatuses described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 ,
- the storage medium Y is in principle equipped with a memory device, communication interfaces for data exchange with the test device 2 and the correction device 4 and a calculation device, for example a processor that can execute program files.
- the storage medium Y can also be the chip card 1 described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the storage medium Y can also be an other storage element, for example a portable USB memory card, or a stationary computer, or can be realized as a storage module 27 or 43 of the test device 2 or the correction device 4.
- step S21 first authentication data PIN * are determined, which are inherently error-prone. This takes place in the same way as described in FIG. 2 by steps S1 to S3.
- the embodiments of FIGS. 3A and 3B differ in the alienation step S22, S23; S22 ', S23' to the effect that in the embodiment of FIG.
- the faulty authentication data PIN * present on the checking device 2 is alienated by a calculating device of the checking device 2, while in the embodiment of FIG. 3B the biometrically secured one present in the storage medium 1 ' Secret SEC ⁇ PIN is alienated by the calculation device of the storage medium V.
- the alienation is carried out in each case such that the alienated data are suitable for compensating for the biometric security of the secret of the respective other device (ie the storage medium 1 'or the test device 2 when alienated by the test device 2 or the storage medium 1'). to be used.
- a random number RND is generated by the test apparatus 2 or the storage medium 1 'in step S22 or S22', which is transmitted to the correction device 4 in step S24 or S24 '.
- the error-prone authentication data PIN * or the biometrically secured secret SEC ⁇ PIN are alienated by an XOR operation with the random number RND and the result of this alienation in step S25 or S25' to the storage medium V or the checking device 2 transferred.
- step S26 or S26 ' all these data are linked by means of an XOR link, so that the biometric reference data REF and the authentication data PIN are mutually eliminated by the XOR link.
- a secret SEC alienated with the random number RND by means of an XOR link is created, the error component of the biometric authentication data PIN * now acting as an error component of the alienated secret (SEC ⁇ RND) *.
- step S27 or S27 ' the erroneous alienated secret (SEC ⁇ RND) * is transmitted from the storage medium V or the checking device 2 to the correction device 4.
- the cleartext secret SEC is calculated by correcting the error component and reconstructing the secret SEC from the alienated secret SEC ⁇ RND by XORing with the random number obtained in steps S24 and S24 ', respectively.
- the SEC secret now exists in plain text and can be used to authenticate the person concerned.
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- Multimedia (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005008257A DE102005008257A1 (de) | 2005-02-23 | 2005-02-23 | Authentisieren mit Chipkarte |
| PCT/EP2006/001605 WO2006089731A1 (de) | 2005-02-23 | 2006-02-22 | Authentisieren mit chipkarte |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1859386A1 true EP1859386A1 (de) | 2007-11-28 |
Family
ID=36617316
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06723079A Ceased EP1859386A1 (de) | 2005-02-23 | 2006-02-22 | Authentisieren mit chipkarte |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1859386A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102005008257A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006089731A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4961214B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2012-06-27 | 株式会社日立情報制御ソリューションズ | 生体認証方法およびシステム |
| DE102009055947A1 (de) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | Christoph Busch | Authentisierte Übertragung von Daten |
| CN103152157A (zh) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-12 | 快车科技有限公司 | 一种安全密保方法及相关装置 |
| DE102019201363A1 (de) | 2019-02-04 | 2020-08-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Freigabe einer Nutzung von Verkaufsautomaten |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19822217B4 (de) * | 1998-05-18 | 2018-01-25 | Giesecke+Devrient Mobile Security Gmbh | Zugriffsgeschützter Datenträger |
| DE19940341A1 (de) * | 1999-08-25 | 2001-03-01 | Kolja Vogel | Verfahren zum Schutz von Daten |
| EP1300803A3 (de) * | 2001-08-28 | 2007-10-24 | Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation | Bildverarbeitungsverfahren und -Vorrichtung |
| DE10207056A1 (de) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-04 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren zum Nachweis der Berechtigung einer Person zur Nutzung eines tragbaren Datenträgers |
-
2005
- 2005-02-23 DE DE102005008257A patent/DE102005008257A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-02-22 WO PCT/EP2006/001605 patent/WO2006089731A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-22 EP EP06723079A patent/EP1859386A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006089731A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102005008257A1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
| WO2006089731A1 (de) | 2006-08-31 |
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