EP1858663A2 - Improved method for preparing metal-matrix composite and device for implementing said method - Google Patents

Improved method for preparing metal-matrix composite and device for implementing said method

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Publication number
EP1858663A2
EP1858663A2 EP06726090A EP06726090A EP1858663A2 EP 1858663 A2 EP1858663 A2 EP 1858663A2 EP 06726090 A EP06726090 A EP 06726090A EP 06726090 A EP06726090 A EP 06726090A EP 1858663 A2 EP1858663 A2 EP 1858663A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
compaction
powders
pressure
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP06726090A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Tschofen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forges de Bologne
Original Assignee
Forges de Bologne
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forges de Bologne filed Critical Forges de Bologne
Publication of EP1858663A2 publication Critical patent/EP1858663A2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1084—Alloys containing non-metals by mechanical alloying (blending, milling)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
    • C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for preparing Metallic Matrix Composites (CMMs).
  • CMMs are mainly used for the manufacture of metal parts in the field of aeronautics such as rotor parts for helicopters.
  • the coining of the CMM parts is performed from billets of several tens of kilograms which are obtained by compaction of previously mixed powders.
  • the main compaction step is performed by uniaxial pressing leading to the formation of strata in the billets which is disadvantageous for the mechanical properties of the metal parts obtained from these billets.
  • the method of the invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and is essentially characterized in that it comprises at least the steps of: (a) cold isostatic compaction of previously mixed powders 5, and
  • step (b) hot uniaxial pressing of the compact 12 obtained in step (a).
  • the powders are dry blended in a suitable mixer subjected to a pressurized gas comprising a neutral gas and oxygen.
  • the dry powder mixture has the advantage of being more economical than a wet mixing process and the presence of a neutral gas makes it possible to avoid the risks of explosion present during dry mixing.
  • the pressure in the mixer is between 15 and 25 mbar, the neutral gas is nitrogen and the oxygen level is controlled and between 5 and 10%.
  • the pressure in the mixer is 20 mbar and the oxygen level is 6%.
  • the powder mixture is composed of an aluminum alloy reinforced with particles such as, for example, particles of silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, or any other ceramic material.
  • the powder mixture comprises 94.7% by weight of aluminum, 4% by weight of copper, 1.3% by weight of magnesium and 15% by volume of silicon carbide.
  • the powder mixture 5 undergoes a vibrating table pressing operation prior to step (a) of isostatic compaction.
  • the gas contained in the mixture of packed powders 5 can be pumped out in order to obtain a solid compact 12.
  • the compaction fluid advantageousously, it comprises water and lubricating additives.
  • the pressure of the compaction fluid 15 is between 1500 and 4000 Bars and more preferably the pressure is 2000 Bars.
  • step (a) undergoes a degassing operation at a temperature between 100 and 450 0 C, preferably 44O 0 C.
  • step (b) uniaxial pressing to The heating is carried out at a temperature of between 400 and 600 ° C., preferably at a temperature of 450 ° C., and at an applied pressure of between 1000 and 3000 bar, preferably of 1800 bar.
  • the billet 22 obtained in step (b) is extruded while hot.
  • the invention also relates to the billet 22 obtained by the method described above.
  • the hermetic insulation means 7, 10, 11 comprise at least one plug 7 made of an elastically deformable material force-fitted into the sheath 1.
  • the hermetic insulation means 7, 10, 11 comprise the upper edge 10 of the sheath 1 which is folded towards the bottom of the sheath 1 forming an annular rim 11 resiliently bearing against the outer face 13a of the side wall 13 of the perforated container 2.
  • the sheath 1 and the perforated container 2 are, prior to the step (a) of isostatic compaction, removably arranged in a cylindrical container 3.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the device of the invention allowing the evacuation of residual gases prior to step a) of isostatic compaction;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line II -II of Figure 1 of the device of Figure 1 assembled;
  • Figure 3 is an identical view of the device of Figure 2 without the container and thus disposed in the isostatic press;
  • Figure 4 is a view of the device during the degassing step;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of the uniaxial pressing device.
  • the exemplary embodiment presented hereinafter adapts, without limitation, to the preparation of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles.
  • a mixture of pre-alloyed powders composed of 94.7% by weight of aluminum, 4% by weight of copper, 1.3% by weight of magnesium and 15% by volume of silicon carbide is dry blended in a grinder. chicken or in a conventional mixer of powders.
  • the surrounding atmosphere comprises a neutral gas such as nitrogen at a pressure of between 15 and 25 mbar, preferably 20 mbar, as well as oxygen at a rate of between 5 and 10%, preferably 6%.
  • a neutral gas such as nitrogen at a pressure of between 15 and 25 mbar, preferably 20 mbar, as well as oxygen at a rate of between 5 and 10%, preferably 6%.
  • An approximately cylindrical nitrile plug 7 is force-fitted into the sheath 1 leaving the annular edge 11 protruding as previously described.
  • the device assembly for isostatic compaction 14 constituted by the compact 12, the sheath 1, the pierced container 2 and the plug 7 are extracted from the container 3, the seal being retained by the elasticity of the sheath 1 allowing, simultaneously with the extraction of the device 14 from the container 3 , that the annular edge 11 is pressed against the external face 13a of the side wall 13 of the perforated container 2.
  • the rate of rise in pressure during this step is between 20 and 50 bar per minute and the holding time at the aforementioned maximum pressure is at least one minute.
  • the compact 12 obtained after the isostatic compaction operation has a density of about 85%.
  • the sheath 1 is extracted from the perforated container 2 and the outside of the sheath 1 and the stopper 7 are thoroughly cleaned in order to avoid any contact between the compaction liquid 15 and the compact 12. Then, the sheath 1 and the plug 7 are removed and the residues of the filter 9 are, if necessary, removed by grinding or polishing the upper part of the compact 12.
  • the compact 12 is then placed in an aluminum tubular container 17 having a bottom wall 18.
  • the container 17 is sealed by welding an opposite aluminum top wall 19 having an orifice 20 in which is welded a tube 21 intended to be connected to a vacuum pump.
  • a vacuum draw is performed for about 30 minutes after checking the tightness of the aluminum container 17 and, while continuing to pump, the container 17 is placed in an oven at about 440 0 C for about 12 hours for undergo a degassing operation.
  • the tube 21 is closed at about 10-20 cm from the upper wall 19.
  • the aluminum container 17 containing the compact 12 is then rapidly placed in a tool 23 preheated to a temperature above 300 ° C., preferably between 400 and 600 ° C., advantageously at 450 ° C., so that the compact 12 does not cool after the degassing step.
  • the tooling 23 comprises a central cylindrical bore 24 of diameter approximately equal to the diameter of the container 17 so as to be able to insert the container 17 in the said bore 24.
  • the container 17 rests on a die ejector forming part 25, for reasons explained after that which is firmly and removably attached to the inner face 26 of the central bore 24.
  • a punch 27 then applies a pressure of between 1000 and 3000 Bars, preferably 1800 Bars on the container 22 in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow 28 until the punch 27 no longer moves, the pressure reached being then held for about a minute. Applying vertical pressure allows the die to be centered relative to this pressure.
  • the punch 27 is removed and the billet 22, consisting of the compact 12 in the aluminum container 17 after the uniaxial pressing operation, is ejected from the tool 23 by an ejector 29 disposed on the side opposite the punch 27 by applying pressure in the direction of the arrow 20.
  • the ejection of the billet 22 from the top of the tooling is made possible by the movable die ejector 25 which slides in the central bore 24. A mechanical peeling is then performed in order to remove the aluminum layer of the container around the billet 22.
  • the billet 22 can then be machined to produce a metal part of any form by forging, machining or any other known technique.
  • the silicon carbide particles are uniformly distributed in the resulting billet which thus has improved mechanical properties.

Abstract

The invention mainly concerns a method for preparing metal-matrix composites including at least steps of cold-process isostatic compaction of previously mixed powders (5) and of hot-process uniaxial pressing of the compact (12) resulting from the previous step. The inventive method enables metal-matrix composites with improved properties to be obtained. The invention also concerns a device for implementing in particular the isostatic compaction step comprising a latex sheath (1) wherein the mixture of powders (5) is poured, a perforated cylindrical container (2) wherein is arranged the latex sheath (1), and means (7, 10, 11) for sealed insulation of the mixture of powders (2) contained in the sheath (1).

Description

"Procédé amélioré de préparation de composites à matrice métallique et dispositif de mise en œuvre d'un tel procédé" "Improved process for preparing metal matrix composites and apparatus for carrying out such a method"
La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation de Composites à Matrice Métallique (CMM) .The present invention relates to a method for preparing Metallic Matrix Composites (CMMs).
L'invention concerne également un dispositif permettant de mettre en œuvre un tel procédé. Les CMM peuvent être des alliages d'aluminium renforcés par des particules telles que, par exemple, des particules de carbure de silicium, de carbure de bore, d'alumine, ou tout autre matériau céramique.The invention also relates to a device for implementing such a method. The CMMs can be aluminum alloys reinforced by particles such as, for example, particles of silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, or any other ceramic material.
Les CMM sont principalement utilisés pour la fabrication de pièces métalliques dans le domaine de l'aéronautique telles que des pièces de rotor pour les hélicoptères .CMMs are mainly used for the manufacture of metal parts in the field of aeronautics such as rotor parts for helicopters.
Le matriçage des pièces en CMM est effectué à partir de billettes de plusieurs dizaines de kilos qui sont obtenues par compaction de poudres préalablement mélangées .The coining of the CMM parts is performed from billets of several tens of kilograms which are obtained by compaction of previously mixed powders.
Dans certains procédés connus, l'étape principale de compaction est réalisée par pressage uniaxial conduisant à la formation de strates dans les billettes ce qui est désavantageux pour les propriétés mécaniques des pièces métalliques obtenues à partir de ces billettes .In some known processes, the main compaction step is performed by uniaxial pressing leading to the formation of strata in the billets which is disadvantageous for the mechanical properties of the metal parts obtained from these billets.
En effet, il est nécessaire que chaque billette présente une répartition la plus homogène possible des éléments la constituant, et notamment les particules renforçantes, afin que les pièces fabriquées à partir de ces billettes présentent les propriétés mécaniques requises .Indeed, it is necessary that each billet has a distribution as homogeneous as possible of the constituent elements, including reinforcing particles, so that the parts manufactured from these billets have the required mechanical properties.
Enfin, la simplicité d'un procédé d'un procédé de fabrication de CMM est nécessaire afin de limiter les coûts de production de ces CMM. Le procédé de l'invention permet de pallier les inconvénients précités et est essentiellement caractérisée en ce qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : (a) compaction isostatique à froid de poudres préalablement mélangées 5, et deFinally, the simplicity of a process of a CMM manufacturing process is necessary to limit the production costs of these CMMs. The method of the invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and is essentially characterized in that it comprises at least the steps of: (a) cold isostatic compaction of previously mixed powders 5, and
(b) pressage uniaxial à chaud du compact 12 obtenu à l'étape (a) .(b) hot uniaxial pressing of the compact 12 obtained in step (a).
Ces deux étapes permettent de réaliser à moindre coût un CMM à propriétés mécaniques améliorées.These two steps make it possible to lower the cost of a CMM with improved mechanical properties.
Avantageusement, les poudres sont mélangées à sec dans un mélangeur approprié soumis à un gaz sous pression comprenant un gaz neutre et de l'oxygène.Advantageously, the powders are dry blended in a suitable mixer subjected to a pressurized gas comprising a neutral gas and oxygen.
Le mélange des poudres à sec présente l'avantage d'être plus économique qu'un procédé de mélange par voie humide et la présence d'un gaz neutre permet d'éviter les risques d'explosion présents lors d'un mélange à sec.The dry powder mixture has the advantage of being more economical than a wet mixing process and the presence of a neutral gas makes it possible to avoid the risks of explosion present during dry mixing.
De préférence, la pression dans le mélangeur est comprise entre 15 et 25 mBars, le gaz neutre est de l'azote et le taux d'oxygène est contrôlé et compris entre 5 et 10%.Preferably, the pressure in the mixer is between 15 and 25 mbar, the neutral gas is nitrogen and the oxygen level is controlled and between 5 and 10%.
Le contrôle du taux d'oxygène permet de limiter plus encore les risques d'explosion.The control of the oxygen level makes it possible to limit even more the risks of explosion.
Plus préférentiellement , la pression dans le mélangeur est de 20 mBars et le taux d'oxygène est de 6%.More preferably, the pressure in the mixer is 20 mbar and the oxygen level is 6%.
De préférence, le mélange de poudres 5 est composé d'un alliage d'aluminium renforcé par des particules telles que, par exemple, des particules de carbure de silicium, de carbure de bore, d'alumine, ou tout autre matériau céramique.Preferably, the powder mixture is composed of an aluminum alloy reinforced with particles such as, for example, particles of silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, or any other ceramic material.
Plus préférentiellement, le mélange de poudres 5 comprend 94,7% en masse d'Aluminium, 4% en masse de Cuivre, 1,3% en masse de Magnésium et 15% en volume de carbure de silicium. En outre, le mélange de poudres 5 subit une opération de tassage sur table vibrante préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique. Egalement préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique, le gaz contenu dans le mélange de poudres tassées 5 peut être est évacué par pompage afin d'obtenir un compact solide 12. Lors de l'étape de compaction, le fluide de compaction 15 comprend avantageusement de l'eau et des additifs lubrificateurs .More preferably, the powder mixture comprises 94.7% by weight of aluminum, 4% by weight of copper, 1.3% by weight of magnesium and 15% by volume of silicon carbide. In addition, the powder mixture 5 undergoes a vibrating table pressing operation prior to step (a) of isostatic compaction. Also prior to step (a) of isostatic compaction, the gas contained in the mixture of packed powders 5 can be pumped out in order to obtain a solid compact 12. During the compaction step, the compaction fluid Advantageously, it comprises water and lubricating additives.
De préférence, la pression du fluide de compaction 15 est comprise entre 1500 et 4000 Bars et plus préférentiellement la pression est de 2000 Bars.Preferably, the pressure of the compaction fluid 15 is between 1500 and 4000 Bars and more preferably the pressure is 2000 Bars.
On peut également prévoir que le compact obtenu à l'étape (a) subisse une opération de dégazage à une température comprise entre 100 et 4500C, de préférence 44O0C. De préférence, l'étape (b) de pressage uniaxial à chaud est réalisée à une température comprise entre 400 et 6000C, de préférence à une température de 4500C, et à une pression appliquée comprise entre 1000 et 3000 Bars, de préférence de 1800 Bars. Avantageusement, la billette 22 obtenue à l'étape (b) est extrudée à chaud.It is also possible that the compact obtained in step (a) undergoes a degassing operation at a temperature between 100 and 450 0 C, preferably 44O 0 C. Preferably, the step (b) uniaxial pressing to The heating is carried out at a temperature of between 400 and 600 ° C., preferably at a temperature of 450 ° C., and at an applied pressure of between 1000 and 3000 bar, preferably of 1800 bar. Advantageously, the billet 22 obtained in step (b) is extruded while hot.
Très avantageusement, les composites à matrices d'aluminium sont renforcés par des particules de carbure de silicium ou tout autres particules de céramique comme le carbure de bore ou l'alumine.Most advantageously, the aluminum matrix composites are reinforced with particles of silicon carbide or any other ceramic particles such as boron carbide or alumina.
L'invention concerne également la billette 22 obtenue par le procédé décrit précédemment .The invention also relates to the billet 22 obtained by the method described above.
L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif pour mettre en œuvre l'étape (a) du procédé décrit précédemment comprenant :The invention further relates to a device for implementing step (a) of the method described above comprising:
- une gaine en latex 1 dans laquelle est versé le mélange de poudres 5,a latex sheath 1 into which the mixture of powders 5 is poured,
- un récipient cylindrique perforé 2 dans lequel est disposée la gaine en latex 1, et - des moyens d'isolation hermétique 7, 10, 11 du mélange de poudres 5 contenu dans la gaine 1, dans lequel la gaine 1, le récipient perforé 2 et les moyens d'isolation hermétiques 7, 10, 11 forment un dispositif pour la compaction isostatique 14 qui est apte à être placé dans le liquide de compaction 15 de la presse isostatique pour subir l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique .a perforated cylindrical container 2 in which the latex sheath 1 is disposed, and hermetic insulation means 7, 10, 11 of the powder mixture contained in the sheath 1, in which the sheath 1, the perforated container 2 and the hermetic insulating means 7, 10, 11 form a device for the isostatic compaction 14 which is adapted to be placed in the compaction liquid 15 of the isostatic press to undergo the step (a) of isostatic compaction.
Avantageusement, les moyens d'isolation hermétique 7, 10, 11 comprennent au moins un bouchon 7 en un matériau élastiquement déformable emmanché à force dans la gaine 1.Advantageously, the hermetic insulation means 7, 10, 11 comprise at least one plug 7 made of an elastically deformable material force-fitted into the sheath 1.
Très avantageusement, les moyens d'isolation hermétique 7, 10, 11 comprennent le bord supérieur 10 de la gaine 1 qui est replié en direction du fond de la gaine 1 en formant une bordure annulaire 11 élastiquement en appui contre la face externe 13a de la paroi latérale 13 du récipient perforé 2.Very advantageously, the hermetic insulation means 7, 10, 11 comprise the upper edge 10 of the sheath 1 which is folded towards the bottom of the sheath 1 forming an annular rim 11 resiliently bearing against the outer face 13a of the side wall 13 of the perforated container 2.
De préférence, la gaine 1 et le récipient perforé 2 sont, préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique, disposés de façon amovible dans un conteneur cylindrique 3.Preferably, the sheath 1 and the perforated container 2 are, prior to the step (a) of isostatic compaction, removably arranged in a cylindrical container 3.
Dans ce cas, le bord supérieur 10 de la gaine 1 est replié en direction du fond de la gaine 1 et vient élastiquement en appui contre la face externe 12a de la paroi latérale 12 du conteneur cylindrique 3. Par ailleurs, le dispositif de l'invention peut comporter des moyens 7a pour réaliser un tirage sous vide dans la gaine 1 de façon que le gaz contenu dans le mélange de poudres 5 soit évacué préalablement à l'étapeIn this case, the upper edge 10 of the sheath 1 is folded towards the bottom of the sheath 1 and elastically bears against the outer face 12a of the side wall 12 of the cylindrical container 3. Furthermore, the device of the invention may comprise means 7a for making a vacuum draw in the sheath 1 so that the gas contained in the powder mixture 5 is evacuated prior to the step
(a) de compaction isostatique. L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, avantages et caractéristiques de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit et qui est faite au regard des dessins annexés qui représentent des exemples non limitatifs de réalisation du dispositif l'invention et sur lesquels : la figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée du dispositif de l'invention permettant l'évacuation des gaz résiduels préalablement à l'étape a) de compaction isostatique ; la figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II -II de la figure 1 du dispositif de la figure 1 assemblé ; la figure 3 est une vue identique du dispositif de la figure 2 sans le conteneur et disposé ainsi dans la presse isostatique ; la figure 4 est une vue du dispositif pendant l'étape de dégazage; et la figure 5 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de pressage uniaxial .(a) isostatic compaction. The invention will be better understood and other objects, advantages and characteristics thereof will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows and which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings which show non-limiting examples of embodiment of the device. invention and in which: FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the device of the invention allowing the evacuation of residual gases prior to step a) of isostatic compaction; Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line II -II of Figure 1 of the device of Figure 1 assembled; Figure 3 is an identical view of the device of Figure 2 without the container and thus disposed in the isostatic press; Figure 4 is a view of the device during the degassing step; and Figure 5 is a sectional view of the uniaxial pressing device.
L'exemple de réalisation présenté ci-après s'adapte, de façon non limitative, à la préparation de composites à matrices d'aluminium renforcés par des particules de carbure de silicium.The exemplary embodiment presented hereinafter adapts, without limitation, to the preparation of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles.
Un mélange de poudres pré alliée 5 composé de 94,7% en masse d'Aluminium, 4% en masse de Cuivre, 1,3% en masse de Magnésium et 15% en volume de carbure de silicium est mélangé à sec dans un broyeur à poulet ou dans un mélangeur conventionnel de poudres .A mixture of pre-alloyed powders composed of 94.7% by weight of aluminum, 4% by weight of copper, 1.3% by weight of magnesium and 15% by volume of silicon carbide is dry blended in a grinder. chicken or in a conventional mixer of powders.
Afin d'éviter tout risque d'explosion lors du mélange des poudres, l'atmosphère environnant comprend un gaz neutre tel que l'azote à une pression comprise entre 15 et 25 mBars, de préférence 20 mBars, ainsi que de l'oxygène à un taux compris entre 5 et 10%, de préférence de 6%.In order to avoid any risk of explosion during the mixing of the powders, the surrounding atmosphere comprises a neutral gas such as nitrogen at a pressure of between 15 and 25 mbar, preferably 20 mbar, as well as oxygen at a rate of between 5 and 10%, preferably 6%.
En référence aux Figures 1 et 2 , une gaine en latex 1 est disposée dans un récipient perforé 2 de manière à laisser de l'espace libre entre le fond de la gaine 1 et le fond du récipient perforé 2.Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a latex sheath 1 is disposed in a perforated container 2 so as to leave free space between the bottom of the sheath 1 and the bottom of the perforated container 2.
La gaine en latex 1 et le récipient perforé 2 sont placés dans un conteneur 3 comportant une embouchure 4 traversée par un canal 4a débouchant dans le conteneur 3, ledit canal 4a étant destiné à être raccordé à une pompe à vide par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau non représenté. Après avoir fermé hermétiquement le dispositif par des moyens adaptés non représentés, un tirage au vide léger est effectué au niveau de l'embouchure 4 de façon que la gaine en latex 1 vienne se plaquer contre les parois du récipient perforé 2 en définissant un volume de contenance le plus grand possible.The latex sheath 1 and the perforated container 2 are placed in a container 3 having a mouth 4 traversed by a channel 4a opening into the container 3, said channel 4a being intended to be connected to a vacuum pump via a pipe not shown. After sealing the device by suitable means (not shown), a slight vacuum draw is performed at the mouth 4 so that the latex sheath 1 comes to press against the walls of the perforated container 2 by defining a volume of largest possible capacity.
Après avoir arrêté la mise sous vide par obturation du canal 4a, le mélange de poudres 5 précité est versé dans la gaine 1 et simultanément tassé dans cette gaine 1 à l'aide d'une table vibrante non représentée.After having stopped the vacuum sealing of the channel 4a, the mixture of powders 5 above is poured into the sheath 1 and simultaneously packed in this sheath 1 with a vibrating table not shown.
Afin d'obtenir une étanchéité optimale pour les opérations suivantes, la partie supérieure 10 de la gaine 1 est disposée de façon à dépasser du conteneur 3 en étant replié en direction du fond de la gaine 1 pour former un bord annulaire 11 élastiquement en appui contre la face externe 12a de la paroi latérale 12 du conteneur 3.In order to obtain an optimal seal for the following operations, the upper part 10 of the sheath 1 is arranged to protrude from the container 3 while being folded towards the bottom of the sheath 1 to form an annular edge 11 resiliently bearing against the outer face 12a of the side wall 12 of the container 3.
Un bouchon en nitrile approximativement cylindrique 7 est emmanché à force dans la gaine 1 en laissant le bord annulaire 11 dépasser comme décrit précédemment.An approximately cylindrical nitrile plug 7 is force-fitted into the sheath 1 leaving the annular edge 11 protruding as previously described.
La disposition du bouchon en nitrile 7 et celle du bord annulaire 11 de la gaine 1 permettent d'obtenir un système totalement étanche .The arrangement of the nitrile plug 7 and that of the annular edge 11 of the sheath 1 make it possible to obtain a totally sealed system.
Le bouchon en nitrile 7 comporte un alésage central 7a destiné à être raccordé à une pompe à vide par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau non représenté.The nitrile plug 7 comprises a central bore 7a intended to be connected to a vacuum pump via a not shown pipe.
Un tirage sous vide est effectué jusqu'à ce que le mélange de poudres 5 devienne un compact solide 12, puis la mise sous vide est stoppée par obturation du canal 7a par un obturateur 7b.A vacuum draw is performed until the powder mixture 5 becomes a solid compact 12, then the vacuum is stopped by closing the channel 7a by a shutter 7b.
Un filtre 6, fixé sur la face interne 9 du bouchonA filter 6, fixed on the inner face 9 of the cap
7 et au contact du mélange de poudres tassé 5, permet d'éviter que les poussières provenant du mélange de poudres 5 ne passent dans le système de mise sous vide lors du tirage.7 and in contact with the compacted powder mixture 5, prevents the dust from the powder mixture 5 to pass into the vacuum system during the draw.
En référence à la Figure 3, l'ensemble formant dispositif pour la compaction isostatique 14 constitué par le compact 12, la gaine 1, le récipient percé 2 et le bouchon 7 sont extraits du conteneur 3, l ' étanchéité étant conservée par l'élasticité de la gaine 1 permettant, simultanément à l'extraction de ce dispositif 14 du conteneur 3, que le bord annulaire 11 se plaque contre la face externe 13a de la paroi latérale 13 du récipient perforé 2.With reference to FIG. 3, the device assembly for isostatic compaction 14 constituted by the compact 12, the sheath 1, the pierced container 2 and the plug 7 are extracted from the container 3, the seal being retained by the elasticity of the sheath 1 allowing, simultaneously with the extraction of the device 14 from the container 3 , that the annular edge 11 is pressed against the external face 13a of the side wall 13 of the perforated container 2.
Ce dispositif 14 est plongé dans le liquide de compaction 15 d'une presse isostatique 16 comprenant de l'eau et des additifs lubrifiants et est ainsi soumis à l'opération de compaction isostatique à froid par application d'une pression comprise entre 1500 et 4000 Bars de préférence 2000 Bars.This device 14 is immersed in the compaction liquid 15 of an isostatic press 16 comprising water and lubricating additives and is thus subjected to the cold isostatic compaction operation by applying a pressure of between 1500 and 4000. Bars preferably 2000 Bars.
La vitesse de montée en pression, pendant cette étape, est comprise entre 20 et 50 bars par minute et le temps de maintien à la pression maximum précitée est d'au moins une minute .The rate of rise in pressure during this step is between 20 and 50 bar per minute and the holding time at the aforementioned maximum pressure is at least one minute.
De cette façon, les forces exercées sur le compact 12 le sont sur toute sa surface ce qui permet d'obtenir un compactage uniforme sans formation de strates ou autre discontinuité de matière.In this way, the forces exerted on the compact 12 are on its entire surface which allows to obtain uniform compaction without formation of strata or other material discontinuity.
Le compact 12 obtenu après l'opération de compaction isostatique présente une densité d'environ 85%. Après cette opération, la gaine 1 est extraite du récipient perforé 2 et l'extérieur de la gaine 1 ainsi que le bouchon 7 sont minutieusement nettoyés afin d'éviter tout contact entre le liquide de compaction 15 et le compact 12. Puis, la gaine 1 et le bouchon 7 sont retirés et les résidus du filtre 9 sont, le cas échéant, retirés par meulage ou polissage de la partie supérieure du compact 12.The compact 12 obtained after the isostatic compaction operation has a density of about 85%. After this operation, the sheath 1 is extracted from the perforated container 2 and the outside of the sheath 1 and the stopper 7 are thoroughly cleaned in order to avoid any contact between the compaction liquid 15 and the compact 12. Then, the sheath 1 and the plug 7 are removed and the residues of the filter 9 are, if necessary, removed by grinding or polishing the upper part of the compact 12.
En référence à la figure 4, le compact 12 est alors disposé dans un conteneur tubulaire en aluminium 17 comportant une paroi de fond 18. Le conteneur 17 est obturé par soudage d'une paroi supérieure opposé en aluminium 19 comportant un orifice 20 dans lequel est soudé un tube 21 destiné à être relié à une pompe à vide . Un tirage sous vide est effectué pendant environ 30 minutes après avoir contrôlé l'étanchéité du conteneur en aluminium 17 et, tout en continuant d'effectuer le pompage, la conteneur 17 est placé dans un four à environ 4400C pendant environ 12 heures pour subir une opération de dégazage.With reference to FIG. 4, the compact 12 is then placed in an aluminum tubular container 17 having a bottom wall 18. The container 17 is sealed by welding an opposite aluminum top wall 19 having an orifice 20 in which is welded a tube 21 intended to be connected to a vacuum pump. A vacuum draw is performed for about 30 minutes after checking the tightness of the aluminum container 17 and, while continuing to pump, the container 17 is placed in an oven at about 440 0 C for about 12 hours for undergo a degassing operation.
A la suite de cette dernière opération, le tube 21 est obturé à environ 10-20 cm de la paroi supérieure 19.As a result of this last operation, the tube 21 is closed at about 10-20 cm from the upper wall 19.
Le conteneur en aluminium 17 contenant le compact 12 est ensuite rapidement placé dans un outillage 23 préalablement chauffé à une température supérieure à 3000C de préférence comprise entre 400 et 6000C, avantageusement à 4500C afin le compact 12 ne refroidisse pas après l'étape de dégazage.The aluminum container 17 containing the compact 12 is then rapidly placed in a tool 23 preheated to a temperature above 300 ° C., preferably between 400 and 600 ° C., advantageously at 450 ° C., so that the compact 12 does not cool after the degassing step.
La température précitée est conservée pendant toute la durée de l'opération de pressage uniaxial à chaud.The aforesaid temperature is maintained throughout the duration of the uniaxial hot pressing operation.
L'outillage 23 comporte un alésage central cylindrique 24 de diamètre approximativement égal au diamètre du conteneur 17 de façon à pouvoir insérer le conteneur 17 dans le dit alésage 24. Le conteneur 17 repose sur une pièce formant éjecteur de matrice 25, pour des raisons expliquées après, qui est solidement et amoviblement fixée à la face interne 26 de l'alésage central 24.The tooling 23 comprises a central cylindrical bore 24 of diameter approximately equal to the diameter of the container 17 so as to be able to insert the container 17 in the said bore 24. The container 17 rests on a die ejector forming part 25, for reasons explained after that which is firmly and removably attached to the inner face 26 of the central bore 24.
Un poinçon 27 vient alors appliquer une pression comprise entre 1000 et 3000 Bars, de préférence de 1800 Bars sur le conteneur 22 dans la direction verticale indiquée par la flèche 28 jusqu'à ce que le poinçon 27 ne se déplace plus, la pression atteinte étant alors maintenue pendant environ une minute . L'application d'une pression verticale permet à la matrice d'être centrée relativement à cette pression. Après l'opération de pressage uniaxial, le poinçon 27 est retiré et la billette 22, constituée du compact 12 dans le conteneur en aluminium 17 après l'opération de pressage uniaxial, est éjectée de l'outillage 23 par un éjecteur 29 disposé du coté opposé au poinçon 27 par application d'une pression dans le sens de la flèche 20.A punch 27 then applies a pressure of between 1000 and 3000 Bars, preferably 1800 Bars on the container 22 in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow 28 until the punch 27 no longer moves, the pressure reached being then held for about a minute. Applying vertical pressure allows the die to be centered relative to this pressure. After the uniaxial pressing operation, the punch 27 is removed and the billet 22, consisting of the compact 12 in the aluminum container 17 after the uniaxial pressing operation, is ejected from the tool 23 by an ejector 29 disposed on the side opposite the punch 27 by applying pressure in the direction of the arrow 20.
L'éjection de la billette 22 par le haut de l'outillage est rendue possible par l' éjecteur de matrice mobile 25 qui coulisse dans l'alésage central 24. Un écroûtage mécanique est alors effectué afin d'enlever la couche d'aluminium du conteneur autour de la billette 22.The ejection of the billet 22 from the top of the tooling is made possible by the movable die ejector 25 which slides in the central bore 24. A mechanical peeling is then performed in order to remove the aluminum layer of the container around the billet 22.
Après l'opération de pressage uniaxial, une billette 22 de densité de 100% est obtenue. Cette billette 22 est extrudée à chaud à une température d'environ 4000C afin de lui conférer une meilleure cohésion et des propriétés mécaniques optimales .After the uniaxial pressing operation, a billet 22 of 100% density is obtained. This billet 22 is hot-extruded at a temperature of about 400 ° C. in order to give it better cohesion and optimum mechanical properties.
La billette 22 peut alors être usinée afin de réaliser une pièce métallique de toute forme par forgeage, usinage ou tout autre technique connu.The billet 22 can then be machined to produce a metal part of any form by forging, machining or any other known technique.
De par le procédé mis en oeuvre, les particules de carbure de silicium sont uniformément réparties dans la billette obtenue qui présente ainsi des propriétés mécaniques améliorées.By the method used, the silicon carbide particles are uniformly distributed in the resulting billet which thus has improved mechanical properties.
Les propriétés du composite à matrice métallique ainsi obtenu dépendent de la nature de la matrice d'aluminium, du taux de renfort en particules et du traitement thermique réalisé sur le produit. La résistance à rupture est typiquement supérieure à 500MPa et le module d'Young se situe entre 95 et 130 GPa pour un taux de renfort variant entre 15 et 40% en volume .The properties of the metal matrix composite thus obtained depend on the nature of the aluminum matrix, the degree of particle reinforcement and the heat treatment performed on the product. The breaking strength is typically greater than 500 MPa and the Young's modulus is between 95 and 130 GPa for a reinforcement ratio varying between 15 and 40% by volume.
La contrainte limite de fatigue à 107 cycles se situe entre 250 et 350 MPa ce qui a pour conséquence, que les pièces mécaniques réalisées à partir de ce CMM élaboré selon le procédé décrit précédemment peuvent avoir une durée de vie multipliée par 10 par rapport à des matériaux conventionnels. The fatigue limit stress at 10 7 cycles is between 250 and 350 MPa, which has the consequence that the mechanical parts produced from this CMM produced according to the method described above can have a lifetime multiplied by 10 compared to conventional materials.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de préparation de composites à matrice métallique comprenant au moins une étape de mélangeage à sec de poudres d'alliage à base d'aluminium dans un mélangeur approprié soumis à un gaz sous pression comprenant un gaz neutre et de l ' oxygène .A process for preparing metal matrix composites comprising at least one step of dry blending aluminum based alloy powders in a suitable blender subjected to a pressurized gas comprising a neutral gas and oxygen.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre les étapes de : (a) compaction isostatique à froid des poudres préalablement mélangées (5) , et de2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: (a) cold isostatic compaction of the previously mixed powders (5), and
(b) pressage uniaxial à chaud du compact (12) obtenu à l'étape (a) .(b) hot uniaxial pressing of the compact (12) obtained in step (a).
3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, dans lequel la pression dans le mélangeur est comprise entre 15 et 25 mBars, dans lequel le gaz neutre est de l'azote et dans lequel le taux d'oxygène est contrôlé et compris entre 5 et 10%.A process according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the pressure in the mixer is between 15 and 25 mbar, wherein the neutral gas is nitrogen and wherein the oxygen level is controlled and between 5 and 10%.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la pression dans le mélangeur est de 20 mBars et dans lequel le taux d'oxygène est de 6%.4. The method of claim 3, wherein the pressure in the mixer is 20 mbar and wherein the oxygen level is 6%.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel le mélange de poudres subit une opération de tassage sur table vibrante préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique.5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the powder mixture undergoes a vibrating table tamping operation prior to step (a) of isostatic compaction.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel, préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique, le gaz contenu dans le mélange de poudres tassées (5) est évacué par pompage afin d'obtenir un compact solide (12) .6. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, prior to step (a) of isostatic compaction, the gas contained in the mixture of packed powders (5) is evacuated by pumping in order to obtain a solid compact ( 12).
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel le fluide de compaction (15) comprend de l'eau et des additifs lubrificateurs . The method of any one of the preceding claims wherein the compaction fluid (15) comprises water and lubricating additives.
8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel la pression du fluide de compaction (15) est comprise entre 1500 et 4000 Bars.The method of any one of the preceding claims wherein the pressure of the compaction fluid (15) is between 1500 and 4000 Bars.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 5 dans lequel la pression du fluide de compaction (15) est de 2000 Bars. 9. The method of claim 5 wherein the pressure of the compaction fluid (15) is 2000 Bars.
10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel le compact obtenu à l'étape (a) subit, une opération de dégazage à une température comprise entre 100 et 450 0C, de préférence 44O0C. 10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the compact obtained in step (a) undergoes a degassing operation at a temperature between 100 and 450 0 C, preferably 44O 0 C.
11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel l'opération de pressage uniaxial à chaud est réalisée à une température comprise entre 400 et 6000C et dans lequel la pression appliquée est comprise entre 1000 et 3000 Bars. 11. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the uniaxial hot pressing operation is carried out at a temperature between 400 and 600 0 C and wherein the pressure applied is between 1000 and 3000 Bars.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 18 dans lequel l'opération de pressage uniaxial est réalisée à une température de 4500C à une pression de 1800 Bars.12. The method of claim 18 wherein the uniaxial pressing operation is performed at a temperature of 450 0 C at a pressure of 1800 Bars.
13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la billette obtenue à l'étape (b) est extrudée à chaud.The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the billet obtained in step (b) is hot extruded.
14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, dans lequel les composites à matrices d'aluminium renforcés par des particules de carbure de silicium ou tout autres particules de céramique comme le carbure de bore ou l'alumine.14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the aluminum matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles or any other ceramic particles such as boron carbide or alumina.
15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel le mélange de poudres comprend environ 94,7% en masse d'Aluminium, 4% en masse de Cuivre, 1,3% en masse de Magnésium et 15% en volume de carbure de siliciumA process according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the powder mixture comprises about 94.7% by weight of aluminum, 4% by weight of copper, 1.3% by weight of magnesium and 15% by volume of silicon carbide
16. Billette obtenue par le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15.16. Billette obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
17. Pièce métallique obtenue par forgeage, usinage ou tout autre technique équivalente à partir de la billette de la revendication 16. Metal part obtained by forging, machining or any other equivalent technique from the billet of claim 16.
18. Dispositif pour mettre en œuvre l'étape (a) du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15 comprenant :Apparatus for carrying out step (a) of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 comprising:
- une gaine en latex (1) dans laquelle est versé le mélange de poudres (5) ,a latex sheath (1) into which the mixture of powders (5) is poured,
- un récipient cylindrique perforé (2) dans lequel est disposée la gaine en latex (1) , eta perforated cylindrical container (2) in which the latex sheath (1) is arranged, and
- des moyens d'isolation hermétique (7, 10, 11) du mélange de poudres (5) contenu dans la gaine (1) , dans lequel la gaine (1), le récipient perforé (2) et les moyens d'isolation hermétiques (7, 10, 11) forment un dispositif pour la compaction isostatique (14) qui est apte à être placé dans le liquide de compaction (15) de la presse isostatique pour subir l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique.hermetic isolation means (7, 10, 11) of the mixture of powders (5) contained in the sheath (1), in which the sheath (1), the perforated container (2) and the hermetic insulation means (7, 10, 11) form a device for isostatic compaction (14) which is adapted to be placed in the compaction liquid (15) of the isostatic press to undergo the step (a) of isostatic compaction.
19. Dispositif selon la revendication 18, dans lequel les moyens d'isolation hermétique (7, 10, 11) comprennent au moins un bouchon (7) en un matériau élastiquement déformable emmanché à force dans la gaine (1) .19. Device according to claim 18, wherein the hermetic insulation means (7, 10, 11) comprise at least one plug (7) of an elastically deformable material force-fitted into the sheath (1).
20. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 18 ou 19, dans lequel les moyens d'isolation hermétique (7, 10, 11) comprennent le bord supérieur (10) de la gaine (1) qui est replié en direction du fond de la gaine (1) en formant une bordure annulaire (11) élastiquement en appui contre la face externe (13a) de la paroi latérale (13) du récipient perforé (2) .20. Device according to any one of claims 18 or 19, wherein the hermetic insulation means (7, 10, 11) comprise the upper edge (10) of the sheath (1) which is folded towards the bottom of the sheath (1) forming an annular border (11) resiliently bearing against the outer face (13a) of the side wall (13) of the perforated container (2).
21. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 18 à 20, dans lequel la gaine (1) et le récipient perforé (2) sont, préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique, disposés de façon amovible dans un conteneur cylindrique (3) .21. Device according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the sheath (1) and the perforated container (2) are, prior to step (a) isostatic compaction, removably disposed in a cylindrical container (3).
22. Dispositif selon la revendication 21, dans lequel le bord supérieur (10) de la gaine (l) est replié en direction du fond de la gaine (1) et vient élastiquement en appui contre la face externe (12a) de la paroi latérale (12) du conteneur cylindrique (3) .22. Device according to claim 21, wherein the upper edge (10) of the sheath (1) is folded towards the bottom of the sheath (1) and comes resiliently bearing against the outer face (12a) of the side wall (12) of the cylindrical container (3).
23. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 21 et 22 comprenant des moyens (7a) pour réaliser un tirage sous vide dans la gaine (1) de façon que le gaz contenu dans le mélange de poudres (5) soit évacué préalablement à l'étape (a) de compaction isostatique . 23. Device according to any one of claims 21 and 22 comprising means (7a) for making a vacuum draw in the sheath (1) so that the gas contained in the powder mixture (5) is removed beforehand. step (a) of isostatic compaction.
EP06726090A 2005-03-14 2006-03-14 Improved method for preparing metal-matrix composite and device for implementing said method Ceased EP1858663A2 (en)

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KR20070119016A (en) 2007-12-18
US20080310989A1 (en) 2008-12-18
FR2882948A1 (en) 2006-09-15
RU2449035C2 (en) 2012-04-27
JP5243235B2 (en) 2013-07-24
UA90300C2 (en) 2010-04-26
BRPI0609329A2 (en) 2010-08-31
CA2600274A1 (en) 2006-09-21
FR2882948B1 (en) 2007-05-04
JP2008533303A (en) 2008-08-21
WO2006097622A2 (en) 2006-09-21
KR101366721B1 (en) 2014-02-24
HK1117791A1 (en) 2009-01-23
MX2007011128A (en) 2007-11-06
ZA200707675B (en) 2008-11-26
CA2600274C (en) 2013-07-16
WO2006097622A8 (en) 2006-12-21
CN101142045B (en) 2013-01-16
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US8329093B2 (en) 2012-12-11
RU2007134055A (en) 2009-04-20

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