EP1843913A1 - Magnetic levitation device - Google Patents
Magnetic levitation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP1843913A1 EP1843913A1 EP06707879A EP06707879A EP1843913A1 EP 1843913 A1 EP1843913 A1 EP 1843913A1 EP 06707879 A EP06707879 A EP 06707879A EP 06707879 A EP06707879 A EP 06707879A EP 1843913 A1 EP1843913 A1 EP 1843913A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- superconductor
- magnetic field
- magnetic
- field configuration
- moldings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000915 Free machining steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/06—Means to sense or control vehicle position or attitude with respect to railway
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0436—Passive magnetic bearings with a conductor on one part movable with respect to a magnetic field, e.g. a body of copper on one part and a permanent magnet on the other part
- F16C32/0438—Passive magnetic bearings with a conductor on one part movable with respect to a magnetic field, e.g. a body of copper on one part and a permanent magnet on the other part with a superconducting body, e.g. a body made of high temperature superconducting material such as YBaCuO
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/10—Railway vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to the fields of magnetic and superconductor materials and relates to a magnetic levitation device, as it can be used for example in superconducting non-contact transport devices or linear or radial levitation bearings.
- Superconducting magnetic levitation devices require a guide path or fixed abutment which provides a magnetic field which is constant along the direction of movement but perpendicular to which it has a strong field gradient.
- the superconductors mounted in the moving part can assume a stable position in this magnetic field when hard superconductors of the second kind are involved.
- Magnetic fields can penetrate superconductors of the second kind in the form of quantized flux tubes, which can be held in the superconducting matrix by nanoscale precipitates or structural defects. This makes it possible to firmly anchor external magnetic field configurations in such a superconductor. If the magnetic field generated by the guide path is anchored by cooling the superconductor at a fixed distance to the guide path from the normally conductive to the superconducting state in the superconductor, the superconductor answers a deflection from the cooling position with restoring forces, which pull it back into it. The restoring forces are dependent on the change in the magnetic field and thus also on the size the deflection. The greater the change in the magnetic field, the greater the restoring force.
- the levitation device is "prestressed." This is achieved in the prior art by a high dead weight of the transport device in relation to the payload, but this leads to a high energy consumption of the drive unit.
- the object of the invention is to provide a magnetic levitation device by means of which an improved rigidity of the tracking system is also achieved during loading and unloading of the magnetic levitation devices or a stable bearing guidance.
- the magnetic levitation device consists of at least two superconductor shaped bodies with stored magnetic field configurations via a magnetic guide path.
- the at least two superconductor shaped bodies have a different vertical distance to the guide path and / or stored at a different horizontal position relative to the guide magnetic field configuration and they are mechanically held in a position deviating from their storage position on the guide and mechanically connected.
- two or three superconductor moldings each have the same stored magnetic field configuration.
- the superconductor moldings are hard superconductors of the second kind.
- At least one superconductor shaped body has a magnetic field configuration anchored below the position at which the at least two superconductor shaped bodies are mechanically held and at least one other Superconductor moldings a above the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held anchored magnetic field configuration, wherein it is particularly advantageous if the distances of the positions above and below the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, with respect to this Position are the same size.
- At least one superconductor has a magnetic field configuration anchored below and laterally displaced in the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device to which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, and the at least one superconductor shaped article above and laterally in the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device shifted position to the left, in which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, having anchored magnetic field configuration, wherein it is again particularly advantageous if the distances of the positions above and below and right and left of the position at which mechanically held at least two superconductor moldings are compared to this position with respect to above and below and with respect to right and left equal to each big.
- the solution according to the invention realizes a new possibility of "preloading" a magnetic levitation device or a levitation bearing.
- a magnetic levitation device which consists of at least two Suparleiterform analyses over a magnetic guide.
- the at least two Supraleiterform proteins are positioned at a different distance above the guide and are cooled there below its critical temperature.
- the magnetic field configuration present at the respective position is anchored in the respective superconductor shaped body.
- these superconductor shaped bodies are brought by a mechanical device to a common position above the magnetic guide path, this position being different from the respective positions above the guide path on which the Supraleiterform analyses have been cooled and where they have anchored the local magnetic field configuration. Due to the mechanical support in one of the cooling position Deviating position act the restoring forces of Supraleiterformmaschine.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that at least two superconductor moldings are present, wherein at least one Supraleiterform stresses a below the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held stored magnetic field configuration and the at least one superconductor moldings above the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, having stored magnetic field configuration.
- the respective restoring forces act attractive against the guide path through the superconductor shaped body forced upwards and repulsive due to the superconductor shaped body forced downwards. If the amounts of these opposing forces are not the same size, the entire magnetic levitation device is moved in the direction of the force with the greater amount until a balance of the amounts of the forces acting against the guide path is reached.
- Another way to increase the rigidity is not only the realization of the storage positions at different heights above the guide path, but also the realization of the storage position in different positions in Transverse to the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device over the guide.
- Both the positioning during storage of the magnetic field configuration can be carried out only at different heights or only in different transverse positions, but advantageously as a mixture of both possibilities both at different heights and at the same time in different transverse positions relative to the guide path.
- the additional advantage of the different storage positions in the transverse direction is not only a further improvement in the rigidity of the entire magnetic levitation device, but also an increase in levitation force of the magnetic levitation device over the guide path.
- a high stiffness of Magnetschwebevorraumen is achieved even with high demands.
- This concerns for example, the maintenance of the rigidity of a transport device over the guide path even during loading and unloading or the observance of a high precision of a linear pivot bearing or radial pivot bearing.
- the essential features of a superconducting magnetic levitation device, the freedom from friction, the absence of abrasion and a non-mechanical bearing are retained.
- the solution according to the invention is particularly suitable for small transport devices in a clean environment, wherein a virtually noiseless work without contamination by particles can be realized.
- a magnetic rail of 2 NdFeB permanent magnets (height 50 mm, width 40 mm) fitted in a yoke of soft-magnetic plates of free cutting steel (thickness: center 12 mm, edge 3 mm) there are opposite magnet poles of the same name.
- the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device over the rail is predetermined. This results in a rail width of 98 mm and a height of 50 mm.
- the length of the rail is 150 mm.
- the soft magnetic material acts as a collector and amplifier for the magnetic field of the permanent magnet.
- a homogeneous magnetic field is created in the direction of movement along the guide path (longitudinal direction).
- the respective magnetic field is highly inhomogeneous.
- the maximum amount of the vertical component of the magnetic field is just above the center of the width of the magnetic rail along the guide path and is 0.5 mm above the rail surface 1, 1 T and 10 mm above the rail surface 0.5 T.
- the two superconductors are mounted in the vehicle of the magnetic levitation device.
- This vehicle is a cryostat with internal dimensions 110x80x60 mm 3 .
- the superconductors can now be moved through a mechanical device in the cryostat to set a desired position.
- one superconductor block is positioned on the mechanical device at a height of 10 mm above the center of the rail surface and the other superconductor block is positioned at a height of 20 mm above the center of the rail surface.
- the superconductors are cooled in the cryostat to a temperature of 77 K (-196 0 C) and kept at this temperature.
- the magnetic field configuration predetermined by the magnetic field of the rail is anchored in the superconductors.
- both superconductor blocks are brought by the mechanical device in a common position and permanently fixed there. Due to the balance of forces, the permanent height of the vehicle above the rail surface is 13 mm. The measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 16.7 N / mm.
- An apparatus according to Example 1 also includes two superconductor blocks whose storage positions for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail are each 20 mm above the rail surface. Due to the weight of the vehicle, the two superconductors on one
- a device according to Example 1 contains 3 superconductor blocks according to Example 1, which are arranged in a triad along the guide path.
- the storage position of the superconductors for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail in the triple is such that the central superconductor block at a height of 5 mm and the two outer superconductor blocks at a height of 20 mm above the rail surface have anchored the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail.
- all three superconductor blocks are brought by the mechanical device in a common position and permanently fixed there. Due to the balance of forces, the permanent height of the vehicle above the rail surface is 15 mm.
- the measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 16.9 N / mm.
- a storage position of one of the superconductor blocks for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail is realized at a height of 20 mm and that of the other superconductor block at a height of 5 mm above the rail surface.
- the superconductor blocks are brought by the mechanical device in a common position and permanently attached there. Due to the balance of forces, the permanent height of the vehicle above the rail surface is 10 mm.
- the measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 19.9 N / mm.
- a superconducting hollow cylinder of 8 YbaCuO blocks is assembled, which has an outer diameter of 55 mm, a Inner diameter of 41 mm and a length of 50 mm.
- the bearing is introduced with a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 50 mm.
- the rotor of the bearing consists of a stack of permanent magnets and iron disks, with adjacent magnets having an opposite polarity.
- the iron discs act as collectors for the magnetic field. This creates a homogeneous magnetic field in the direction of rotation. In the other two spatial directions (radial and axial), the respective magnetic field is highly inhomogeneous.
- a spacer is introduced into the gap between the hollow cylinder and the rotor in such a way that a distance of 0.5 mm from the hollow cylinder is realized around the entire circumference of the rotor.
- the magnetic field is anchored in the superconductor blocks in this position.
- the device is kept at this temperature.
- a gap of 0.5 mm remains between the hollow cylinder and the rotor.
- the measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 160 N / mm in the radial direction.
- the rotor is also at a radial distance of 0.5 mm from the hollow cylinder and in a 1 mm in the axial direction of the position coinciding in their length shifted position together with the hollow cylinder, but only half of
- the position resulting from the balance of forces is the position of the hollow cylinder and the rotor, which coincide with respect to the lengths, and also the position
Abstract
The invention relates to the fields of magnetic and superconductive materials and to a magnetic levitation device of the type that is used in superconductive contactless transport means or linear or radial levitation bearings. The aim of the invention is to provide a magnetic levitation device, which ensures an improved tracking rigidity, even during the loading and unloading of magnetic levitation devices or a stable guiding of the bearing. This is achieved by a magnetic levitation device consisting of at least two superconductive moulded bodies, with a stored magnetic field configuration, lying above a magnetic guide track. According to the invention, the two or more superconductive moulded bodies have a stored magnetic field configuration, holding them at different vertical distances from the guide track and/or a stored magnetic field configuration holding them at different horizontal positions in relation to the guide track. Said bodies are mechanically held above the guide track in a position that deviates from the stored position and are interconnected.
Description
MagnetschwebevorrichtungMagnetic levitation device
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Gebiete der Magnet- und Supraleiterwerkstoffe und betrifft eine Magnetschwebevorrichtung, wie sie beispielsweise bei supraleitenden kontaktfreien Transportvorrichtungen oder linearen oder radialen Schwebelagern zum Einsatz kommen kann.The invention relates to the fields of magnetic and superconductor materials and relates to a magnetic levitation device, as it can be used for example in superconducting non-contact transport devices or linear or radial levitation bearings.
Supraleitende Magnetschwebevorrichtungen benötigen einen Führweg oder festes Widerlager, die ein magnetisches Feld zur Verfügung stellen, welches entlang der Bewegungsrichtung konstant ist, senkrecht zu diesem aber einen starken Feldgradienten aufweist. Die im beweglichen Teil (Transportwagen) angebrachten Supraleiter können in diesem Magnetfeld eine stabile Position einnehmen, wenn es sich um harte Supraleiter 2. Art handelt.Superconducting magnetic levitation devices require a guide path or fixed abutment which provides a magnetic field which is constant along the direction of movement but perpendicular to which it has a strong field gradient. The superconductors mounted in the moving part (dolly) can assume a stable position in this magnetic field when hard superconductors of the second kind are involved.
Magnetfelder können Supraleiter 2. Art in Form von quantisierten Flussschläuchen durchdringen, die durch nanoskalige Ausscheidungen oder Baufehler in der supraleitenden Matrix festgehalten werden können. Dadurch ist es möglich, externe Magnetfeldkonfigurationen in einem solchen Supraleiter fest zu verankern. Wird das vom Führweg erzeugte Magnetfeld durch Abkühlen des Supraleiters in einem festen Abstand zum Führweg vom normal leitenden in den supraleitenden Zustand im Supraleiter verankert, so beantwortet der Supraleiter eine Auslenkung aus der Kühlposition mit Rückstellkräften, die ihn in diese zurückziehen. Die Rückstellkräfte sind abhängig von der Änderung des Magnetfeldes und damit auch von der Größe
der Auslenkung. Je größer die Änderung des Magnetfeldes ist, desto größer ist auch die Rückstellkraft.Magnetic fields can penetrate superconductors of the second kind in the form of quantized flux tubes, which can be held in the superconducting matrix by nanoscale precipitates or structural defects. This makes it possible to firmly anchor external magnetic field configurations in such a superconductor. If the magnetic field generated by the guide path is anchored by cooling the superconductor at a fixed distance to the guide path from the normally conductive to the superconducting state in the superconductor, the superconductor answers a deflection from the cooling position with restoring forces, which pull it back into it. The restoring forces are dependent on the change in the magnetic field and thus also on the size the deflection. The greater the change in the magnetic field, the greater the restoring force.
Bei supraleitenden Magnetschwebevorrichtungen in kontaktfreien Transportvorrichtungen und linearen oder gekrümmten Schwebelagern ist neben der Tragkraft auch die Stabilität einer bestimmten Position sowohl in vertikaler als auch in horizontaler Richtung von großer Bedeutung. Ein Maß für die Stabilität ist die Steifigkeit in einer ausgezeichneten Richtung. Diese wird in N/mm angegeben, und beschreibt welche Kraft notwendig ist, um den beweglichen Teil der Magnetschwebevorrichtung um 1 mm zu verschieben. Da die Kräfte aber gerade von der Auslenkung um die Abkühlposition abhängen, sind hohe Anforderungen an die Steifigkeit einer Position bei großem Lastwechsel nicht realisierbar.In superconducting Magnetschwebevorrichtungen in non-contact transport devices and linear or curved floating bearings in addition to the load capacity and the stability of a particular position in both the vertical and in the horizontal direction of great importance. One measure of stability is rigidity in an excellent direction. This is given in N / mm, and describes which force is necessary to move the moving part of the magnetic levitation device by 1 mm. However, since the forces depend precisely on the deflection about the cooling position, high demands on the rigidity of a position during heavy load changes are not feasible.
Bei Auslenkungen von der Kühlposition wächst die rücktreibende Kraft überproportional, so dass für größere Auslenkungen größere Kräfte und Steifigkeiten erreicht werden können. Um eine höhere Steifigkeit für eine Transportvorrichtung zu erreichen, wird die Schwebevorrichtung „vorgespannt". Dies wird nach dem Stand der Technik durch ein hohes Eigengewicht der Transportvorrichtung im Verhältnis zur Nutzlast erreicht. Dies führt jedoch zu einem hohen Energieverbrauch der Antriebseinheit.For deflections from the cooling position, the restoring force increases disproportionately, so that greater forces and stiffness can be achieved for larger deflections. In order to achieve a higher rigidity for a transport device, the levitation device is "prestressed." This is achieved in the prior art by a high dead weight of the transport device in relation to the payload, but this leads to a high energy consumption of the drive unit.
Ein genereller Überblick zur Anwendung harter Supraleiter 2. Art in Magnetschwebesystemen und Radiallagern wird von L. Schultz et al. (Z. Metallkd. 93 (10) 1057-1064 (2002)) gegeben. Von J. HuII et al. (J. Appl. Phys. 86 (11) 6396 (1999)) wird analytisch gezeigt, dass die für eine bestimmte Kühlposition vorliegende Steifigkeit in lateraler Richtung immer die Hälfte derer in vertikaler Richtung beträgt. J. Wang et al. (Physica C 378-381 (1 ) 809-814 (2002)) beschreiben den Aufbau eines neuen Schwebesystemes auf Basis des supraleitenden Schwebens, wobei sie auch angeben (Physica C 386, 431-437 (2003)), dass die Seitensteifigkeit des Fahrzeuges mit steigender Masse zunimmt. C. Navau et al. (Supercond. Sei. Technol. 17 (2004) 828-832) beschreiben ein Modell zur Berechnung von Gleichgewichtslagen in Abhängigkeit von der Kühlposition. Z. Ren et al. (Physica C 378-381 (1 ) 873-876 (2002)) beschreiben ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung der vertikalen und lateralen Steifigkeit für ein lineares Transportsystem durch Zusammenwirken von
Supraleitern und Permanentmagneten im Fahrzeug. Dabei werden die starken abstoßenden Kräfte zwischen zwei gleichen Magnetpolen ausgenutzt.A general overview of the use of hard superconductors of the 2nd kind in magnetic levitation systems and radial bearings is given by L. Schultz et al. (Z. Metallkd. 93 (10) 1057-1064 (2002)). HuII, J. et al. (J. Appl. Phys. 86 (11) 6396 (1999)), it is analytically shown that the lateral stiffness for a given cooling position is always half of that in the vertical direction. J. Wang et al. (Physica C 378-381 (1) 809-814 (2002)) describe the structure of a new levitation system based on the superconducting levitation, and they also state (Physica C 386, 431-437 (2003)) that the lateral stiffness of the vehicle increases with increasing mass. C. Navau et al. (Supercond.So. Technol. 17 (2004) 828-832) describe a model for calculating equilibrium positions as a function of the cooling position. Z. Ren et al. (Physica C 378-381 (1) 873-876 (2002)) describe a method for increasing the vertical and lateral stiffness for a linear transport system by interaction of Superconductors and permanent magnets in the vehicle. The strong repulsive forces between two identical magnetic poles are exploited.
Aus dem bekannten Stand der Technik sind somit Ansatzpunkte erkennbar, dass einerseits das Problem der Steifigkeit für praktische Anwendungen erkannt worden ist, andererseits aber weder ausreichende Überlegungen noch tatsächliche Lösungen des Problems aufgezeigt worden sind.From the known prior art starting points are thus recognizable that on the one hand the problem of stiffness has been recognized for practical applications, on the other hand, however, neither sufficient considerations nor actual solutions of the problem have been identified.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Angabe einer Magnetschwebevorrichtung, durch die eine verbesserte Steifigkeit der Spurführung auch beim Be- und Entladen der Magnetschwebevorrichtungen oder eine stabile Lagerführung erreicht wird.The object of the invention is to provide a magnetic levitation device by means of which an improved rigidity of the tracking system is also achieved during loading and unloading of the magnetic levitation devices or a stable bearing guidance.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die in den Ansprüchen angegeben Erfindung gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The object is achieved by the invention specified in the claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Magnetschwebevorrichtung besteht aus mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mit gespeicherten Magnetfeldkonfigurationen über einem magnetischen Führweg. Dabei weisen die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper eine bei unterschiedlichem vertikalen Abstand zum Führweg und/oder eine bei unterschiedlicher horizontaler Lage gegenüber dem Führweg gespeicherte Magnetfeldkonfiguration auf und sie sind in einer von ihrer Speicherposition abweichenden Position über dem Führweg mechanisch gehalten und miteinander verbunden.The magnetic levitation device according to the invention consists of at least two superconductor shaped bodies with stored magnetic field configurations via a magnetic guide path. In this case, the at least two superconductor shaped bodies have a different vertical distance to the guide path and / or stored at a different horizontal position relative to the guide magnetic field configuration and they are mechanically held in a position deviating from their storage position on the guide and mechanically connected.
Vorteilhafterweise weisen jeweils zwei oder drei Supraleiterformkörper die gleiche gespeicherte Magnetfeldkonfiguration auf.Advantageously, two or three superconductor moldings each have the same stored magnetic field configuration.
Ebenfalls vorteilhafterweise sind die Supraleiterformkörper massive Körper.Also advantageously, the Supraleiterformkörper are massive body.
Weiterhin vorteilhafterweise sind die Supraleiterformkörper harte Supraleiter 2. Art.Further advantageously, the superconductor moldings are hard superconductors of the second kind.
Von Vorteil ist es auch, wenn mindestens ein Supraleiterformkörper eine unterhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist und der mindestens andere
Supraleiterformkörper ein oberhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist, wobei es besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Abstände der Positionen ober- und unterhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, gegenüber dieser Position gleich groß sind.It is also advantageous if at least one superconductor shaped body has a magnetic field configuration anchored below the position at which the at least two superconductor shaped bodies are mechanically held and at least one other Superconductor moldings a above the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held anchored magnetic field configuration, wherein it is particularly advantageous if the distances of the positions above and below the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, with respect to this Position are the same size.
Und auch von Vorteil ist es, wenn mindestens ein Supraleiter eine unterhalb und seitlich in Bewegungsrichtung der Magnetschwebevorrichtung nach rechts verschobenen Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist und der mindestens andere Supraleiterformkörper ein oberhalb und seitlich in Bewegungsrichtung der Magnetschwebevorrichtung nach links verschobenen Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist, wobei es wiederum besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Abstände der Positionen ober- und unterhalb und rechts und links der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, gegenüber dieser Position bezüglich ober- und unterhalb und bezüglich rechts und links gleich jeweils groß sind.It is also advantageous if at least one superconductor has a magnetic field configuration anchored below and laterally displaced in the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device to which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, and the at least one superconductor shaped article above and laterally in the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device shifted position to the left, in which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, having anchored magnetic field configuration, wherein it is again particularly advantageous if the distances of the positions above and below and right and left of the position at which mechanically held at least two superconductor moldings are compared to this position with respect to above and below and with respect to right and left equal to each big.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird eine neue Möglichkeit des „Vorspannens" einer Magnetschwebevorrichtung oder eines Schwebelagers realisiert.The solution according to the invention realizes a new possibility of "preloading" a magnetic levitation device or a levitation bearing.
Dazu ist eine Magnetschwebevorrichtung vorhanden, die aus mindestens zwei Suparleiterformkörper über einem magnetischen Führweg besteht. Die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper sind dabei in einem unterschiedlichen Abstand über dem Führweg positioniert und werden dort unter ihre kritische Temperatur abgekühlt. Dadurch wird die an der jeweiligen Position vorhandene Magnetfeldkonfiguration im jeweiligen Supraleiterformkörper verankert. Anschließend werden diese Supraleiterformkörper durch eine mechanische Vorrichtung auf eine gemeinsame Position über dem magnetischen Führweg gebracht, wobei diese Position abweicht von den jeweiligen Positionen über dem Führweg, an der die Supraleiterformkörper abgekühlt worden sind und an der sie die dortige Magnetfeldkonfiguration verankert haben. Durch die mechanische Halterung in einer von der Kühlposition
abweichenden Position wirken die Rückstellkräfte der Supraleiterformkörper. Diese Rückstellkräfte bewirken einen bestimmte Positionierung der gesamten Magnetschwebevorrichtung in einer Gleichgewichtsposition über dem Führweg, an der die Summe der Rückstellkräfte gleich Null ist, d.h. an der ein Ausgleich der Beträge der wirkenden Kräfte auf die Magnetschwebevorrichtung über dem magnetischen Führweg erreicht ist.For this purpose, a magnetic levitation device is present, which consists of at least two Suparleiterformkörper over a magnetic guide. The at least two Supraleiterformkörper are positioned at a different distance above the guide and are cooled there below its critical temperature. As a result, the magnetic field configuration present at the respective position is anchored in the respective superconductor shaped body. Subsequently, these superconductor shaped bodies are brought by a mechanical device to a common position above the magnetic guide path, this position being different from the respective positions above the guide path on which the Supraleiterformkörper have been cooled and where they have anchored the local magnetic field configuration. Due to the mechanical support in one of the cooling position Deviating position act the restoring forces of Supraleiterformkörper. These restoring forces cause a certain positioning of the entire magnetic levitation device in an equilibrium position over the guide path, at which the sum of the restoring forces is zero, ie at which a balance of the amounts of the forces acting on the magnetic levitation device is reached via the magnetic guide.
Damit ist eine Zone einer größeren Steifigkeit um die Supraleiterformkörper realisiert, die auch zu einer größeren Steifigkeit der gesamten Magnetschwebevorrichtung führt.This realizes a zone of greater stiffness around the superconducting shaped bodies, which also leads to greater rigidity of the entire magnetic levitation device.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper vorhanden sind, wobei mindestens ein Supraleiterformkörper eine unterhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, gespeicherte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist und der mindestens andere Supraleiterformkörper ein oberhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, gespeicherte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist. Durch die nachfolgende Positionierung in einer Höhe zwischen diesen beiden Speicherpositionen und dortige mechanische Halterung der mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper wird der eine Supraleiterformkörper aus seiner Speicherposition in eine örtlich höhere Position und der andere Supraleiterformkörper aus seiner Speicherposition in eine örtlich tiefere Position jeweils über dem magnetischen Führweg gezwungen. Aufgrund dieser Auslenkung aus der Speicherposition wirken die jeweiligen Rückstellkräfte gegenüber dem Führweg durch den nach oben gezwungenen Supraleiterformkörper anziehend und durch den nach unten gezwungenen Supraleiterformkörper abstoßend. Sofern die Beträge dieser gegensätzlich wirkenden Kräfte nicht gleich groß sind, wird die gesamte Magnetschwebevorrichtung in Richtung der Kraft mit dem größeren Betrag bewegt, bis ein Ausgleich der Beträge der wirkenden Kräfte gegenüber dem Führweg erreicht ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that at least two superconductor moldings are present, wherein at least one Supraleiterformkörper a below the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held stored magnetic field configuration and the at least one superconductor moldings above the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, having stored magnetic field configuration. As a result of the subsequent positioning at a height between these two storage positions and the mechanical retention of the at least two superconductor shaped bodies, one superconductor shaped body is forced from its storage position to a locally higher position and the other superconductor shaped body is forced from its storage position into a locally lower position above the magnetic guide path. Due to this deflection from the storage position, the respective restoring forces act attractive against the guide path through the superconductor shaped body forced upwards and repulsive due to the superconductor shaped body forced downwards. If the amounts of these opposing forces are not the same size, the entire magnetic levitation device is moved in the direction of the force with the greater amount until a balance of the amounts of the forces acting against the guide path is reached.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Erhöhung der Steifigkeit ist nicht nur die Realisierung der Speicherpositionen in unterschiedlichen Höhen über dem Führweg, sondern auch die Realisierung der Speicherposition in verschiedenen Positionen in
Querrichtung zur Bewegungsrichtung der Magnetschwebevorrichtung über dem Führweg. Dabei kann sowohl die Positionierung während der Speicherung der Magnetfeldkonfiguration nur in unterschiedlichen Höhen oder nur in unterschiedlichen Querpositionen erfolgen, vorteilhafterweise aber als Mischung beider Möglichkeiten sowohl in unterschiedlichen Höhen als auch gleichzeitig in unterschiedlichen Querpositionen gegenüber dem Führweg.Another way to increase the rigidity is not only the realization of the storage positions at different heights above the guide path, but also the realization of the storage position in different positions in Transverse to the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device over the guide. Both the positioning during storage of the magnetic field configuration can be carried out only at different heights or only in different transverse positions, but advantageously as a mixture of both possibilities both at different heights and at the same time in different transverse positions relative to the guide path.
Der zusätzliche Vorteil der unterschiedlichen Speicherpositionen in Querrichtung liegt nicht nur in einer weiteren Verbesserung der Steifigkeit der gesamten Magnetschwebevorrichtung, sondern auch in einer Erhöhung der Schwebekraft der Magnetschwebevorrichtung über dem Führweg.The additional advantage of the different storage positions in the transverse direction is not only a further improvement in the rigidity of the entire magnetic levitation device, but also an increase in levitation force of the magnetic levitation device over the guide path.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird eine hohe Steifigkeit von Magnetschwebevorrichtungen auch bei hohen Anforderungen erreicht. Dies betrifft beispielsweise die Beibehaltung der Steifigkeit einer Transportvorrichtung über dem Führweg auch beim Be- und Entladen oder die Einhaltung einer hohen Präzision eines Linearschweblagers oder Radialschweblagers. Dabei bleiben die wesentlichen Merkmale einer supraleitenden Magnetschwebevorrichtung, die Reibungsfreiheit, die Abriebfreiheit und eine nichtmechanische Lagerung erhalten. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung eignet sich besonders für kleine Transportvorrichtungen in sauberer Umgebung, wobei ein nahezu geräuschfreies Arbeiten ohne Verunreinigung durch Partikel realisiert werden kann.By the solution according to the invention a high stiffness of Magnetschwebevorrichtungen is achieved even with high demands. This concerns, for example, the maintenance of the rigidity of a transport device over the guide path even during loading and unloading or the observance of a high precision of a linear pivot bearing or radial pivot bearing. The essential features of a superconducting magnetic levitation device, the freedom from friction, the absence of abrasion and a non-mechanical bearing are retained. The solution according to the invention is particularly suitable for small transport devices in a clean environment, wherein a virtually noiseless work without contamination by particles can be realized.
Im weiteren wird die Erfindung an mehreren Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several exemplary embodiments.
Beispiel 1example 1
Bei einem linearen Magnetschwebevorrichtungsaufbau ist als magnetischer Führweg eine magnetische Schiene aus 2 NdFeB-Permanentmagneten (Höhe 50 mm, Breite 40 mm), die in ein Joch aus weichmagnetischen Platten aus Automatenstahl (Dicke: Mitte 12 mm, Rand 3mm) so eingebaut werden, dass sich gleichnamige Magnetpole gegenüberstehen, vorhanden. Dadurch ist die Richtung der Bewegung der Magnetschwebevorrichtung über der Schiene vorgegeben. Daraus ergibt sich eine Breite der Schiene von 98 mm und einer Höhe von 50 mm. Die Länge der Schiene
beträgt 150 mm. Das weichmagnetische Material wirkt als Sammler und Verstärker für das Magnetfeld der Permanentmagneten. Über der Schiene entsteht so ein homogenes Magnetfeld in Bewegungsrichtung entlang des Führweges (Längsrichtung). In die beiden anderen Raumrichtungen über dem Führweg (in Richtung Breite und Höhe) ist das jeweilige Magnetfeld stark inhomogen. Der maximale Betrag der vertikalen Komponente des Magnetfeldes liegt genau über der Mitte der Breite der magnetischen Schiene entlang des Führweges und beträgt 0,5 mm über der Schienenoberfläche 1 ,1 T und 10 mm über der Schienenoberfläche 0,5 T.In a linear magnetic levitation structure, as a magnetic guide path, a magnetic rail of 2 NdFeB permanent magnets (height 50 mm, width 40 mm) fitted in a yoke of soft-magnetic plates of free cutting steel (thickness: center 12 mm, edge 3 mm) there are opposite magnet poles of the same name. As a result, the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device over the rail is predetermined. This results in a rail width of 98 mm and a height of 50 mm. The length of the rail is 150 mm. The soft magnetic material acts as a collector and amplifier for the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. Above the rail, a homogeneous magnetic field is created in the direction of movement along the guide path (longitudinal direction). In the two other spatial directions above the guidance path (in the direction of width and height), the respective magnetic field is highly inhomogeneous. The maximum amount of the vertical component of the magnetic field is just above the center of the width of the magnetic rail along the guide path and is 0.5 mm above the rail surface 1, 1 T and 10 mm above the rail surface 0.5 T.
Als Supraleiter werden zwei 90x35x15 mm3 YBaCuO-Blöcke (harte Supraleiter 2. Art) verwendet, die im Verfahren der Schmelztexturierung mit jeweils 3 Keimkristallen hergestellt wurden.As superconductor two 90x35x15 mm 3 YBaCuO blocks (hard superconductors 2nd kind) are used, which were prepared in the process of melt texturing with 3 seed crystals each.
Die beiden Supraleiter werden im Fahrzeug der Magnetschwebevorrichtung montiert. Dieses Fahrzeug ist ein Kryostat mit den Innenmaßen 110x80x60 mm3. Die Supraleiter können nun durch eine mechanische Vorrichtung im Kryostaten bewegt werden, um eine gewünschte Position einzustellen. Nun wird ein Supraleiterblock an der mechanischen Vorrichtung in einer Höhe von 10 mm über der Mitte der Schienenoberfläche positioniert und der andere Supraleiterblock in einer Höhe von 20 mm über der Mitte der Schienenoberfläche. In diesen Positionen werden die Supraleiter im Kryostaten auf eine Temperatur von 77 K (-196 0C) abgekühlt und auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Bei diesen beiden Speicherpositionen wird die durch das Magnetfeld der Schiene vorgegebenen Magnetfeldkonfiguration in den Supraleitern verankert. Anschließend werden beide Supraleiterblöcke durch die mechanische Vorrichtung in eine gemeinsame Position gebracht und dort permanent befestigt. Aufgrund des Kräfteausgleichs ist die permanente Höhe des Fahrzeuges über der Schienenoberfläche 13 mm. Die Messung der lateralen Steifigkeit ergab einen Wert von 16,7 N/mm.The two superconductors are mounted in the vehicle of the magnetic levitation device. This vehicle is a cryostat with internal dimensions 110x80x60 mm 3 . The superconductors can now be moved through a mechanical device in the cryostat to set a desired position. Now, one superconductor block is positioned on the mechanical device at a height of 10 mm above the center of the rail surface and the other superconductor block is positioned at a height of 20 mm above the center of the rail surface. In these positions, the superconductors are cooled in the cryostat to a temperature of 77 K (-196 0 C) and kept at this temperature. In these two memory positions, the magnetic field configuration predetermined by the magnetic field of the rail is anchored in the superconductors. Subsequently, both superconductor blocks are brought by the mechanical device in a common position and permanently fixed there. Due to the balance of forces, the permanent height of the vehicle above the rail surface is 13 mm. The measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 16.7 N / mm.
Beispiel 2 (Stand der Technik)Example 2 (prior art)
Eine Vorrichtung gemäß Beispiel 1 enthält ebenfalls zwei Supraleiterblöcke deren Speicherpositionen für die Magnetfeldkonfiguration des Magnetfeldes der Schiene jeweils 20 mm über der Schienenoberfläche ist.
Aufgrund des Gewichtes des Fahrzeuges werden die beiden Supraleiter auf einerAn apparatus according to Example 1 also includes two superconductor blocks whose storage positions for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail are each 20 mm above the rail surface. Due to the weight of the vehicle, the two superconductors on one
Höhe von 15 mm über der Schiene positioniert.Height of 15 mm positioned over the rail.
Die Messung der lateralen Steifigkeit ergab einen Wert von 12,7 N/mm.The measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 12.7 N / mm.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Eine Vorrichtung gemäß Beispiel 1 enthält 3 Supraleiterblöcke gemäß Beispiel 1 , die in einer Dreiergruppe entlang des Führweges angeordnet sind. Die Speicherposition der Supraleiter für die Magnetfeldkonfiguration des Magnetfeldes der Schiene in der Dreiergruppe ist so, dass der mittlere Supraleiterblock in einer Höhe von 5 mm und die beiden äußeren Supraleiterblöcke in einer Höhe von 20 mm über der Schienenoberfläche die Magnetfeldkonfiguration des Magnetfeldes der Schiene verankert haben. Anschließend werden alle drei Supraleiterblöcke durch die mechanische Vorrichtung in eine gemeinsame Position gebracht und dort permanent befestigt. Aufgrund des Kräfteausgleichs ist die permanente Höhe des Fahrzeuges über der Schienenoberfläche 15 mm. Die Messung der lateralen Steifigkeit ergab einen Wert von 16,9 N/mm.A device according to Example 1 contains 3 superconductor blocks according to Example 1, which are arranged in a triad along the guide path. The storage position of the superconductors for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail in the triple is such that the central superconductor block at a height of 5 mm and the two outer superconductor blocks at a height of 20 mm above the rail surface have anchored the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail. Subsequently, all three superconductor blocks are brought by the mechanical device in a common position and permanently fixed there. Due to the balance of forces, the permanent height of the vehicle above the rail surface is 15 mm. The measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 16.9 N / mm.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Bei einer Vorrichtung gemäß Beispiel 1 mit 2 Supraleiterblöcken wird eine Speicherposition eines der Supraleiterblöcke für die Magnetfeldkonfiguration des Magnetfeldes der Schiene in einer Höhe von 20 mm und die des anderen Supraleiterblockes in einer Höhe von 5 mm über der Schienenoberfläche realisiert. Anschließend werden die Supraleiterblöcke durch die mechanische Vorrichtung in eine gemeinsame Position gebracht und dort permanent befestigt. Aufgrund des Kräfteausgleichs ist die permanente Höhe des Fahrzeuges über der Schienenoberfläche 10 mm. Die Messung der lateralen Steifigkeit ergab einen Wert von 19,9 N/mm.In a device according to Example 1 with 2 superconductor blocks, a storage position of one of the superconductor blocks for the magnetic field configuration of the magnetic field of the rail is realized at a height of 20 mm and that of the other superconductor block at a height of 5 mm above the rail surface. Subsequently, the superconductor blocks are brought by the mechanical device in a common position and permanently attached there. Due to the balance of forces, the permanent height of the vehicle above the rail surface is 10 mm. The measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 19.9 N / mm.
Beispiel 5 (Stand der Technik)Example 5 (prior art)
Für ein radiales Schwebelager wird ein supraleitender Hohlzylinder aus 8 YbaCuO- Blöcken zusammengesetzt, welcher einen Außendurchmesser von 55 mm, einen
Innendurchmesser von 41 mm und eine Länge von 50 mm aufweist. In den Innenraum des Hohlzylinders wird das Lager mit einem Durchmessers von 40 mm und einer Länge von 50 mm eingebracht. Der Rotor des Lagers besteht aus einem Stapel aus Permanentmagneten und Eisenscheiben, wobei benachbarte Magneten eine entgegengesetzte Polarität aufweisen. Die Eisenscheiben wirken als Sammler für das Magnetfeld. Es entsteht dadurch ein homogenes Magnetfeld in der Drehrichtung. In die beiden anderen Raumrichtungen (radial und axial) ist das jeweilige Magnetfeld stark inhomogen. Vor dem Abkühlen der Vorrichtung wird in den Spalt zwischen Hohlzylfnder und Rotor ein Abstandshalter so eingebracht, dass um den gesamten Rotorumfang ein Abstand von 0,5 mm zum Hohlzylinder realisiert ist. Beim Abkühlen der gesamten Anordnung auf eine Temperatur von 77 K (-196 0C) wird das Magnetfeld in den Supraleiterblöcken in dieser Position verankert. Die Vorrichtung wird bei dieser Temperatur gehalten. Nach Entfernen der Abstandshalter bleibt zwischen Hohlzylinder und Rotor ein Spalt von 0,5 mm bestehen. Die Messung der lateralen Steifigkeit ergab einen Wert von 160 N/mm in radialer Richtung.For a radial floating bearing a superconducting hollow cylinder of 8 YbaCuO blocks is assembled, which has an outer diameter of 55 mm, a Inner diameter of 41 mm and a length of 50 mm. Into the interior of the hollow cylinder, the bearing is introduced with a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 50 mm. The rotor of the bearing consists of a stack of permanent magnets and iron disks, with adjacent magnets having an opposite polarity. The iron discs act as collectors for the magnetic field. This creates a homogeneous magnetic field in the direction of rotation. In the other two spatial directions (radial and axial), the respective magnetic field is highly inhomogeneous. Before the device cools down, a spacer is introduced into the gap between the hollow cylinder and the rotor in such a way that a distance of 0.5 mm from the hollow cylinder is realized around the entire circumference of the rotor. Upon cooling of the entire assembly to a temperature of 77 K (-196 0 C) the magnetic field is anchored in the superconductor blocks in this position. The device is kept at this temperature. After removing the spacers, a gap of 0.5 mm remains between the hollow cylinder and the rotor. The measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 160 N / mm in the radial direction.
Beispiel 6Example 6
Bei einem radialen Schwebelager gemäß Beispiel 5 wird der Rotor ebenfalls in einem radialen Abstand von jeweils 0,5 mm vom Hohlzylinder und in einer um 1 mm in axialer Richtung der hinsichtlich ihrer Längen übereinstimmenden Lage verschobenen Position gemeinsam mit dem Hohlzylinder, aber nur die Hälfte derIn a radial suspension bearing according to Example 5, the rotor is also at a radial distance of 0.5 mm from the hollow cylinder and in a 1 mm in the axial direction of the position coinciding in their length shifted position together with the hollow cylinder, but only half of
Supraleiter hinsichtlich der Länge auf eine Temperatur von 77 K (-196 0C) abgekühlt und dort gehalten. Danach wird der Rotor um -1 mm der hinsichtlich ihrer Längen übereinstimmenden Lage verschoben und der Rest des Hohlzylinders auf eineSuperconductor cooled in length to a temperature of 77 K (-196 0 C) and held there. Thereafter, the rotor is displaced by -1 mm of matching their position with respect to their lengths and the rest of the hollow cylinder to a
Temperatur von 77 K (-196 0C) abgekühlt und dort gehalten.Temperature of 77 K (-196 0 C) cooled and held there.
Die nach Kräfteausgleich resultierende Position ist die hinsichtlich der Längen übereinstimmenden Lage des Hohlzylinders und des Rotors und auch dieThe position resulting from the balance of forces is the position of the hollow cylinder and the rotor, which coincide with respect to the lengths, and also the position
Idealposition.Ideal position.
Die Messung der lateralen Steifigkeit ergab einen Wert von 240 N/mm in radialerThe measurement of the lateral rigidity gave a value of 240 N / mm in radial
Richtung.
Direction.
Claims
1. Magnetschwebevorrichtung, bestehend aus mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mit gespeicherten Magnetfeldkonfigurationen über einem magnetischen Führweg, wobei die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper eine bei unterschiedlichem vertikalen Abstand zum Führweg und/oder eine bei unterschiedlicher horizontaler Lage gegenüber dem Führweg gespeicherte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweisen und in einer von ihrer Speicherposition abweichenden Position über dem Führweg mechanisch gehalten und miteinander verbunden sind.1. Magnetic levitation device comprising at least two superconductor shaped bodies with stored magnetic field configurations via a magnetic guide path, the at least two superconductor shaped bodies having a different vertical distance to the guide path and / or a different horizontal position relative to the guide path stored magnetic field configuration and deviating in one of their storage position Position are held mechanically above the guide and connected to each other.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der jeweils zwei oder drei Supraleiterformkörper die gleiche gespeicherte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweisen.2. Device according to claim 1, wherein in each case two or three superconductor shaped bodies have the same stored magnetic field configuration.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der die Supraleiterformkörper massive Körper sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the superconductor moldings are solid bodies.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der die Supraleiterformkörper harte Supraleiter 2. Art sind.4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the superconductor shaped bodies are hard superconductors of the second kind.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der mindestens ein Supraleiterformkörper eine unterhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist und der mindestens andere Supraleiterformkörper ein oberhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist.5. Device according to claim 1, in which at least one superconductor shaped body has a magnetic field configuration anchored below the position at which the at least two superconductor shaped bodies are mechanically held, and the at least one superconductor shaped body is above the position at which the at least two superconductor shaped bodies are held mechanically. having anchored magnetic field configuration.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, bei der die Abstände der Positionen ober- und unterhalb der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, gegenüber dieser Position gleich groß sind.6. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the distances of the positions above and below the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, compared to this position are the same size.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der mindestens ein Supraleiter eine unterhalb und seitlich in Bewegungsrichtung der Magnetschwebevorrichtung nach rechts verschobenen Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist und der mindestens andere Supraleiterformkörper ein oberhalb und seitlich in Bewegungsrichtung der Magnetschwebevorrichtung nach links verschobenen Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, verankerte Magnetfeldkonfiguration aufweist.7. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one superconductor one below and laterally in the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device shifted to the right position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, anchored magnetic field configuration and the at least one superconductor molding has an above and laterally displaced in the direction of movement of the magnetic levitation device to the left position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held anchored magnetic field configuration.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, bei der die Abstände der Positionen ober- und unterhalb und rechts und links der Position, an der die mindestens zwei Supraleiterformkörper mechanisch gehalten werden, gegenüber dieser Position bezüglich ober- und unterhalb und bezüglich rechts und links gleich jeweils groß sind. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the distances of the positions above and below and right and left of the position at which the at least two superconductor moldings are mechanically held, with respect to this position with respect to above and below and with respect to right and left equal to each large are.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005005706A DE102005005706B4 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2005-01-31 | Magnetic levitation device |
PCT/EP2006/050499 WO2006079658A1 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2006-01-29 | Magnetic levitation device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1843913A1 true EP1843913A1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
Family
ID=36130082
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06707879A Withdrawn EP1843913A1 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2006-01-29 | Magnetic levitation device |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8391936B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1843913A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5322089B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070106742A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101111407B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2596356A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005005706B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006079658A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101499545B1 (en) | 2007-10-23 | 2015-03-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Digital image processing apparatus, method for controlling the same, recording medium storing program to implement the method, and method of compressing digital image |
CN102529744B (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-09-18 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Decoupling control method for bogie suspension system of electromagnetic maglev train |
CN106160581B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-10-23 | 上海大学 | Magnetic suspension system based on high-temperature superconducting thin film and its coating conductor |
DE102016225456B3 (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-02-22 | Festo Ag & Co. Kg | Method and system for establishing a superconducting rail assembly, superconducting rail assembly and conveying system |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4797386A (en) * | 1987-04-22 | 1989-01-10 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Labs | Superconductor-magnet induced separation |
JPH08265914A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-10-11 | Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Ltd | High temperature superconducting magnetic levitation transfer system |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2511641A1 (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-09-23 | Siemens Ag | Magnet system especially for hover rail car propulsion - has minimal zero flow quotient of brake loss to guide force |
JPH01202183A (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1989-08-15 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Article levitation supporting device |
US4979445A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-12-25 | Giovanni Lanzara | Magnetically levitated vehicle with superconducting mirror sheets interacting with guideway magnetic fields |
JP2539527B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 1996-10-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Superconducting magnetic levitation train, superconducting magnetic levitation train system, control method thereof, and superconducting coil for magnetic levitation train |
JP3251654B2 (en) * | 1992-08-25 | 2002-01-28 | 株式会社東芝 | System for levitating and guiding objects by magnetic force |
US5596303A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1997-01-21 | Akguen Ali | Superconductive magnet system with low and high temperature superconductors |
US5433149A (en) | 1993-06-18 | 1995-07-18 | Power Superconductor Applications Company | Composite reaction member for lateral guidance and levitation control of parellel electrically conductive and ferromagnetic strips |
JPH0746870A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-02-14 | Imura Zairyo Kaihatsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Superconducting magnetic levitation device |
US5511488A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1996-04-30 | Powell; James R. | Electromagnetic induction ground vehicle levitation guideway |
US5602430A (en) | 1994-05-23 | 1997-02-11 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Superconducting electromagnet arrangement for a magnetic levitation system |
DE19609983A1 (en) | 1996-03-14 | 1997-09-18 | Dresden Ev Inst Festkoerper | Process for the production of shaped superconductors |
CN1046907C (en) * | 1997-06-29 | 1999-12-01 | 牛慧 | Magnetomotive tansport equipment |
US6101952A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2000-08-15 | Magnemotion, Inc. | Vehicle guidance and switching via magnetic forces |
EP1381531B1 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2016-11-02 | Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden e.V. | Magnet assembly for the suspension and guidance of suspended vehicles and transport systems |
US6510799B2 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-28 | Magna Force, Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects |
US7204192B2 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2007-04-17 | Magna Force, Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects |
US6899036B2 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2005-05-31 | Magna Force, Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects |
JP2004336839A (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-25 | Central Japan Railway Co | Superconducting magnetic gradient levitation system |
JP2007517479A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-06-28 | モレックス インコーポレーテッド | Transmission line with varying impedance |
-
2005
- 2005-01-31 DE DE102005005706A patent/DE102005005706B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-01-29 CN CN200680003612XA patent/CN101111407B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-29 US US11/815,081 patent/US8391936B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-29 WO PCT/EP2006/050499 patent/WO2006079658A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-01-29 KR KR1020077019882A patent/KR20070106742A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-01-29 CA CA002596356A patent/CA2596356A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-29 JP JP2007552652A patent/JP5322089B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-29 EP EP06707879A patent/EP1843913A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4797386A (en) * | 1987-04-22 | 1989-01-10 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Labs | Superconductor-magnet induced separation |
JPH08265914A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-10-11 | Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Ltd | High temperature superconducting magnetic levitation transfer system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2006079658A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2596356A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
JP5322089B2 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
US20080207457A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
DE102005005706B4 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
WO2006079658A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
CN101111407B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
DE102005005706A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
JP2008529465A (en) | 2008-07-31 |
KR20070106742A (en) | 2007-11-05 |
US8391936B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 |
CN101111407A (en) | 2008-01-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE2723140C2 (en) | Device for positioning objects | |
DE2100839A1 (en) | Vehicle guided by magnetic forces along a supporting track and held in suspension | |
DE2208034A1 (en) | Self-aligning bearing using permanent magnets | |
EP1381531B1 (en) | Magnet assembly for the suspension and guidance of suspended vehicles and transport systems | |
EP3356693A1 (en) | Bearing, in particular for a magnetic levitation assembly | |
DE1901453B2 (en) | Storage of a spinning turbine of an open-end spinning machine | |
DE102016203854A1 (en) | Conveyor | |
DE102005005706B4 (en) | Magnetic levitation device | |
DE3347635A1 (en) | MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OF TRANSPORT | |
DE102008003172A1 (en) | Mounting device for a gradient coil assembly in a magnetic resonance tomograph | |
DE102017212675A1 (en) | Storage device and transport system | |
DE102012024759A1 (en) | Winding device for stranded winding material | |
DE2825551A1 (en) | Magnetic contactless bearing for high speed rotors - is combined with mechanical thrust bearings and regulator reducing shock loads | |
DE102015222678A1 (en) | mover | |
EP0071083B1 (en) | Positioning device for objects with a low mass | |
DE102012216020A1 (en) | Displacement system for a mounting or welding table | |
WO2016023567A1 (en) | Guide device | |
DE2206250A1 (en) | Linear induction motor with a holding system | |
DE102018202543A1 (en) | Carrying device and transport system | |
DE10357264B4 (en) | Device for providing directional changes for superconducting magnetic levitation systems | |
EP1378319B1 (en) | Drive system with linear motors and feed axis of a machine tool with such a drive system | |
DE3837845A1 (en) | Magnet bearing | |
DE2224815C3 (en) | Guide device for the laterally movable, plate-shaped secondary part of a linear motor on a rail-mounted vehicle | |
DE7716251U1 (en) | DEVICE FOR POSITIONING OBJECTS | |
EP2624421B1 (en) | Linear axis with electric drive and currentless fixation of the end position |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070815 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20160314 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUER FESTKOERPER- UND WERKSTOFFFO |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20170801 |