Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D71/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans or pop bottles; Bales of material
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
  • A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
  • A47K10/16—Paper towels; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2201/00—Means or constructions for testing or controlling the contents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2203/00—Decoration means, markings, information elements, contents indicators
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31993—Of paper

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an array of articles of manufacture, more particularly, to an array of sanitary tissue products each of which comprises a different common intensive property value different from the others.
• sanitary tissue products are currently offered in physical forms that vary by number of plies, most often one-ply or two-ply.
• some sanitary tissue products may add additives, such as lotion, to the fibrous structures that make up the sanitary tissue products.
• Charmin ® brand toilet tissue comes in a two-ply physical form under the name Charmin ® Ultra, whereas its one-ply physical form is marketed under the name Charmin ® and/or Charmin ® Plus and/or Charmin ® Scents.
• the present invention fulfills the need described above by providing an array of articles of manufacture that address the consumers' desires.
• an array of sanitary tissue products comprising two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products each of which comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others, wherein the two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products are marketed by one company, is provided.
• a process for displaying an array of sanitary tissue products comprising the step of displaying an array of sanitary tissue products comprising two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products each of which comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others, wherein the two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products are marketed by one company, wherein the two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products are packaged in a package such that a consumer desiring to purchase one of the multi-ply sanitary tissue products has the opportunity to choose one of the two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products, is provided.
• a process for making an array of sanitary tissue products comprising the steps of: a.
• first multi-ply sanitary tissue product producing a first multi-ply sanitary tissue product; b. producing a second multi-ply sanitary tissue product; and d. packaging the first and second multi-ply sanitary tissue products in packages comprising a common single source identifier, wherein the first and second multi-ply sanitary tissue products exhibit at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others, is provided.
• an array of articles of manufacture each of which comprises a different common intensive property value different from the others, wherein each of the three or more articles of manufacture are packaged in a package comprising a common single source identifier, is provided.
• a process for displaying an array of articles of manufacture comprising the step of displaying an array of articles of manufacture comprising three or more articles of manufacture each of which comprises a different common intensive property different from the others, wherein each of the three or more articles of manufacture are packaged in a package comprising a common single source identifier such that a consumer desiring to purchase one of the articles of manufacture has the opportunity to choose one of the three or more articles of manufacture, is provided.
• a process for making an array of articles of manufacture comprising the steps of: a. producing a first article of manufacture comprising a first common intensive property value; b. producing a second article of manufacture comprising a second common intensive property value different from the first common intensive property value; c. producing a third article of manufacture comprising a third common intensive property value different from the first and second common intensive property values; and d. packaging the first, second and third articles of manufacture in packages comprising a common single source identifier and a separate, independent product designation that delineates the first, second and third articles of manufacture from each other, is provided.
• the present invention provides an array of articles of manufacture, such as an array of sanitary tissue products, that address the consumers' desires, a process for displaying such an array and a process for producing such an array.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of an array of articles of manufacture in accordance with the present invention.
• Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of an article of manufacture useful in an array of articles of manufacture in accordance with the present invention.
• Array of Articles of Manufacture means a group of consumer products/goods that provide a similar benefit to a consumer.
• a group of consumer products/goods within a category such as sanitary tissue products.
• such a group of consumer products/goods includes those products/goods residing on the same shelf in a retail store and/or in the same aisle in a retail store.
• sanitary tissue products are an array of articles of manufacture.
• Fiber as used herein means an elongate particulate having an apparent length greatly exceeding its apparent diameter, i.e. a length to diameter ratio of at least about 10. Fibers having a non-circular cross-section are common; the "diameter” in this case may be considered to be the diameter of a circle having cross-sectional area equal to the cross- sectional area of the fiber. More specifically, as used herein, “fiber” refers to papermaking fibers. The present invention contemplates the use of a variety of papermaking fibers, such as, for example, natural fibers or synthetic fibers, or any other suitable fibers, and any combination thereof.
• Natural papermaking fibers useful in the present invention include animal fibers, mineral fibers, plant fibers and mixtures thereof.
• Animal fibers may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of: wool, silk and mixtures thereof.
• Plant fibers may, for example, be derived from a plant selected from the group consisting of: wood, cotton, cotton linters, flax, sisal, abaca, hemp, hesperaloe, jute, bamboo, bagasse, kudzu, corn, sorghum, gourd, agave, loofah and mixtures thereof.
• Wood fibers include chemical pulps, such as kraft (sulfate) and sulfite pulps, as well as mechanical and semi-chemical pulps including, for example, groundwood, thermomechanical pulp, chemi-mechanical pulp (CMP), chemi- thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), neutral semi-chemical sulfite pulp (NSCS).
• chemical pulps may be preferred since they impart a superior tactile sense of softness to tissue sheets made therefrom. Pulps derived from both deciduous trees (hereinafter, also referred to as "hardwood”) and coniferous trees (hereinafter, also referred to as "softwood”) may be utilized.
• the hardwood and softwood fibers can be blended, or alternatively, can be deposited in layers to provide a stratified and/or layered web.
• U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,300,981 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,994,771 are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of disclosing layering of hardwood and softwood fibers.
• fibers derived from recycled paper which may contain any or all of the above categories as well as other non-fibrous materials such as fillers and adhesives used to facilitate the original papermaking.
• the wood pulp fibers may be short (typical of hardwood fibers) or long (typical of softwood fibers).
• short fibers include fibers derived from a fiber source selected from the group consisting of Acacia, Eucalyptus, Maple, Oak, Aspen, Birch, Cottonwood, Alder, Ash, Cherry, Elm, Hickory, Poplar, Gum, Walnut, Locust, Sycamore, Beech, Catalpa, Sassafras, Gmelina, Albizia, Anthocephalus, and Magnolia.
• long fibers include fibers derived from Pine, Spruce, Fir, Tamarack, Hemlock, Cypress, and Cedar.
• Softwood fibers derived from the kraft process and originating from more-northern climates may be preferred. These are often referred to as northern softwood kraft (NSK) pulps.
• Synthetic fibers may be selected from the group consisting of: wet spun fibers, dry spun fibers, melt spun (including melt blown) fibers, synthetic pulp fibers and mixtures thereof.
• Synthetic fibers may, for example, be comprised of cellulose (often referred to as "rayon”); cellulose derivatives such as esters, ether, or nitrous derivatives; polyolefins (including polyethylene and polypropylene); polyesters (including polyethylene terephthalate); polyamides (often referred to as "nylon”); acrylics; non- cellulosic polymeric carbohydrates (such as starch, chitin and chitin derivatives such as chitosan); and mixtures thereof.
• Fibrous structure as used herein means a structure that comprises one or more fibers.
• processes for making fibrous structures include known wet-laid papermaking processes and air-laid papermaking processes. Such processes typically include steps of preparing a fiber composition, oftentimes referred to as a fiber slurry in wet-laid processes, either wet or dry, and then depositing a plurality of fibers onto a forming wire or belt such that an embryonic fibrous structure is formed, drying and/or bonding the fibers together such that a fibrous structure is formed, and/or further processing the fibrous structure such that a finished fibrous structure is formed.
• the finished fibrous structure is the fibrous structure that is wound on the reel at the end of papermaking, but before converting thereof into a sanitary tissue product.
• the fibrous structure is a wet-laid fibrous structure.
• “Sanitary tissue product” comprises one or more finished fibrous structures, converted or not, that is useful as a wiping implement for post-urinary and post-bowel movement cleaning (toilet tissue), for otorhinolaryngological discharges (facial tissue), and multi-functional absorbent and cleaning uses (absorbent towels).
• "Ply” or “Plies” as used herein means an individual finished fibrous structure optionally to be disposed in a substantially contiguous, face-to-face relationship with other plies, forming a multiple ply (“multi-ply") finished fibrous structure product and/or sanitary tissue product. It is also contemplated that a single fibrous structure can effectively form two "plies” or multiple "plies", for example, by being folded on itself.
• Intensive Property as used herein means a property of a fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product, wherein the property is selected from the group consisting of: lint, softness, basis weight, texture, tensile strength, absorbency and mixtures thereof.
• Value of a Common Intensive Property means a measured value of an intensive property that is present in two or more articles of manufacture.
• Basis Weight as used herein is the weight per unit area of a sample reported in lbs/3000 ft 2 or g/m 2 .
• Basis weight is measured by preparing one or more samples of a certain area (m ) and weighing the sample(s) of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and/or a sanitary tissue product comprising such fibrous structure on a top loading balance with a minimum resolution of 0.01 g. The balance is protected from air drafts and other disturbances using a draft shield. Weights are recorded when the readings on the balance become constant. The average weight (g) is calculated and the average area of the samples (m 2 ).
• the basis weight (g/m 2 ) is calculated by dividing the average weight (g) by the average area of the samples (m 2 ).
• the fibrous structures and/or sanitary tissue products according to the present invention exhibit a basis weight of from about 10 g/m 2 to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 20 g/m 2 to about 60 g/m 2 .
• Machine Direction or “MD” as used herein means the direction parallel to the flow of the fibrous structure through the papermaking machine and/or product manufacturing equipment.
• Cross Machine Direction or “CD” as used herein means the direction perpendicular to the machine direction in the same plane of the fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising the fibrous structure.
• “Dry Tensile Strength” (or simply “Tensile Strength” as used herein) of a fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product is measured as follows. One (1) inch by five (5) inch (2.5 cm X 12.7 cm) strips of fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product are provided. The strip is placed on an electronic tensile tester Model 1122 commercially available from Instron Corp., Canton, Massachusetts in a conditioned room at a temperature of 73 °F + 4°F (about 28°C ⁇ 2.2 0 C) and a relative humidity of 50% + 10%. The crosshead speed of the tensile tester is 2.0 inches per minute (about 5.1 cm/minute) and the gauge length is 4.0 inches (about 10.2 cm). The Dry Tensile Strength can be measured in any direction by this method. The “Total Dry Tensile Strength" or “TDT” is the special case determined by the arithmetic total of MD and CD tensile strengths of the strips.
• the fibrous structures and/or sanitary tissue products according to the present invention exhibits an HFS absorbency of greater than about 5 g/g and/or greater than about 8 g/g and/or greater than about 10 g/g up to about 100 g/g. In another nonlimiting embodiment, the fibrous structures and/or sanitary tissue products according to the present invention exhibit an HFS absorbency of from about 12 g/g to about 20 g/g.
• “Lint” as used herein means any material that originated from a finished fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising such finished fibrous structure that remains on a surface after which the finished fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising such finished fibrous structure has come into contact.
• the lint value of a finished fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue product comprising such finished fibrous structure is determined according to the Lint Test Method described herein.
• “Texture” as used herein means any pattern present in the fibrous structure. For example, a pattern may be imparted to the fibrous structure during the papermaking process, such as during a through-air-drying step. A pattern may also be imparted to the fibrous structure by embossing the finished fibrous structure during the converting process.
• Softness of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and/or a paper product comprising such fibrous structure is determined as follows. Ideally, prior to softness testing, the samples to be tested should be conditioned according to Tappi Method #T4020M-88. Here, samples are preconditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity level of 10 to 35% and within a temperature range of 22°C to 4O 0 C. After this preconditioning step, samples should be conditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity of 48% to 52% and within a temperature range of 22°C to 24°C. Ideally, the softness panel testing should take place within the confines of a constant temperature and humidity room. If this is not feasible, all samples, including the controls, should experience identical environmental exposure conditions.
• Softness testing is performed as a paired comparison in a form similar to that described in "Manual on Sensory Testing Methods", ASTM Special Technical Publication 434, published by the American Society For Testing and Materials 1968 and is incorporated herein by reference. Softness is evaluated by subjective testing using what is referred to as a Paired Difference Test. The method employs a standard external to the test material itself. For tactile perceived softness two samples are presented such that the subject cannot see the samples, and the subject is required to choose one of them on the basis of tactile softness. The result of the test is reported in what is referred to as Panel Score Unit (PSU). With respect to softness testing to obtain the softness data reported herein in PSU, a number of softness panel tests are performed.
• PSU Panel Score Unit
• each test ten practiced softness judges are asked to rate the relative softness of three sets of paired samples.
• the pairs of samples are judged one pair at a time by each judge: one sample of each pair being designated X and the other Y.
• each X sample is graded against its paired Y sample as follows:
• a grade of plus one is given if X is judged to may be a little softer than Y, and a grade of minus one is given if Y is judged to may be a little softer than X;
• a grade of plus two is given if X is judged to surely be a little softer than Y, and a grade of minus two is given if Y is judged to surely be a little softer than X;
• a grade of plus four is given to X if it is judged to be a whole lot softer than Y, and a grade of minus 4 is given if Y is judged to be a whole lot softer than X.
• the grades are averaged and the resultant value is in units of PSU.
• the resulting data are considered the results of one panel test. If more than one sample pair is evaluated then all sample pairs are rank ordered according to their grades by paired statistical analysis. Then, the rank is shifted up or down in value as required to give a zero PSU value to which ever sample is chosen to be the zero-base standard. The other samples then have plus or minus values as determined by their relative grades with respect to the zero base standard.
• the number of panel tests performed and averaged is such that about 0.2 PSU represents a significant difference in subjectively perceived softness.
• an array of articles of manufacture in accordance with the present invention may comprise a plurality of single- and/or multi-ply sanitary tissue products.
• the sanitary tissue products may be dry and/or wet.
• the sanitary tissue products may come in a variety of roll sizes and may be packaged in different numbers, such as four, six, nine, twenty-four, and the like.
• the plurality of sanitary tissue products may displayed on a shelf at a point of sale, such as within a retail store, in such as way that the different sanitary tissue products within the array are visible to a consumer during the consumer's purchasing decision process.
• the array of sanitary tissue products of the present invention may comprise two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products, such as two or more two-ply sanitary tissue products.
• the array may comprise at least one single-ply sanitary tissue product.
• the array may comprise a mixture of single-ply and multi-ply sanitary tissue products.
• the array of sanitary tissue products may comprise two or more sanitary tissue products each of which comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from at least the others.
• the array of sanitary tissue products may comprise a single-ply sanitary tissue product that comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from at least one multi-ply sanitary tissue product within the array of sanitary tissue products.
• the array of sanitary tissue products may comprises a single-ply sanitary tissue product that comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the two or more multi-ply sanitary tissue products within the array of sanitary tissue products.
• the array of sanitary tissue products may comprise two or more single-ply sanitary tissue products each of which comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others.
• the sanitary tissue products within the array of sanitary tissue products may differ in at least one value of a common intensive property selected from the group consisting of: lint, softness, tensile strength, basis weight, texture, absorbency and mixtures thereof.
• the two or more sanitary tissue products within the array of sanitary tissue products may differ in price, for example differ in retail price to a consumer.
• the sanitary tissue products within the array of sanitary tissue products may differ in price from each other, for example differ in retail price to a consumer. Fibrous Structures
• Nonlimiting types of finished fibrous structures according to the present invention include conventionally felt-pressed fibrous structures; pattern densified fibrous structures; and high-bulk, uncompacted fibrous structures.
• the fibrous structures may be of a homogenous or multilayered (two or three or more layers) construction; and the sanitary tissue products made therefrom may be of a single-ply or multi-ply construction.
• the finished fibrous structures and/or sanitary tissue products of the present invention may exhibit a basis weight of between about 10 g/m to about 120 g/m 2 and/or from about 14 g/m 2 to about 80 g/m 2 and/or from about 20 g/m 2 to about 60 g/m 2 .
• the finished fibrous structures and/or sanitary tissue products of the present invention may exhibit a total dry tensile strength of greater than about 59 g/cm (150 g/in) and/or from about 78 g/cm (200 g/in) to about 394 g/cm (1000 g/in) and/or from about 98 g/cm (250 g/in) to about 335 g/cm (850 g/in).
• the finished fibrous structure and/or sanitary tissue products of the present invention may exhibit a density of less than about 0.60 g/cm 3 and/or less than about 0.30 g/cm 3 and/or less than about 0.20 g/cm 3 and/or less than about 0.10 g/cm 3 and/or less than about 0.07 g/cm 3 and/or less than about 0.05 g/cm 3 and/or from about 0.01 g/cm 3 to about
• the finished fibrous structure of the present invention is a pattern densified fibrous structure characterized by having a relatively high-bulk region of relatively low fiber density and an array of densified regions of relatively high fiber density.
• the high-bulk field is characterized as a field of pillow regions.
• the densified zones are referred to as knuckle regions.
• the knuckle regions exhibit greater density than the pillow regions.
• the densified zones may be discretely spaced within the high-bulk field or may be interconnected, either fully or partially, within the high-bulk field.
• the knuckles may exhibit a relative density of at least 125% of the density of the high-bulk field.
• Processes for making pattern densified fibrous structures are well known in the art as exemplified in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,301,746, 3,974,025, 4,191,609 and 4,637,859.
• the article of manufacture in accordance with the present invention comprises a sanitary tissue product according to the present invention and a package housing said sanitary tissue product.
• the package may be configured such that the sanitary tissue product is visible to a consumer, especially at the time and/or point of sale or purchase decision of the article of manufacture by the consumer.
• the package may comprise a common single source indicator, such as a trademark.
• an array of articles of manufacture 10 comprises three or more articles of manufacture 12, 14, 16.
• Each article of manufacture comprises at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others.
• each article of manufacture comprises a consumer product 12', 14', 16' that is packaged (housed) within a package 12", 14", 16".
• Each package 12", 14", 16" comprises a common single source identifier represented by the letter "A" in Fig. 1.
• each package 12", 14", 16" may also comprise a separate, independent product designation represented by the letters "B", "C", "D” respectively.
• the product designation functions to delineate the consumer products within the array of articles of manufacture so the consumer can choose the consumer's desired consumer product.
• Fig. 2 shows a single article of manufacture 18 that can be a part of an array of articles of manufacture in accordance with the present invention.
• the article of manufacture 18 may comprise a plurality of consumer products 18'.
• the consumer products 18' may be packaged (housed) within a package 18".
• the package 18" comprises a single source identifier represented by the letter "A”.
• the package 18" may also comprise a separate, independent product designation represented by the letter "B”.
• each package containing a sanitary tissue product may comprise a common single source identifier.
• the common single source identifier may comprise a trademark.
• Each package may comprise a separate, independent product designation by which a consumer can differentiate one of the sanitary tissue products from another.
• the package in accordance with the present invention may comprise a non-verbal cue, [such as word(s), symbol(s), representation(s)], that connotes strength.
• the package in accordance with the present invention may comprise a non-verbal cue, [such as word(s), symbol(s), representation(s)], that connotes softness.
• the package may comprise a representation of a texture present on the sanitary tissue product within the package.
• the package may comprise information about at least two other sanitary tissue products within the array of sanitary tissue products.
• the package may comprise information about various roll sizes in which the sanitary tissue product within the package is available.
• Process for Displaying an Array of Articles of Manufacture The array of articles of manufacture in accordance with the present invention may be displayed, especially in a retail store.
• a process for displaying an array of articles of manufacture comprises a step of displaying an array of articles of manufacture comprising three or more articles of manufacture wherein each of the three or more articles of manufacture exhibit at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others, wherein each of the three or more articles of manufacture are packaged in a package comprising a common single source identifier such that a consumer desiring to purchase one of the articles of manufacture has the opportunity to choose one of the three or more articles of manufacture.
• a process for making an array of articles of manufacture comprises the steps of: a. producing a first article of manufacture; b. producing a second article of manufacture; c. producing a third article of manufacture; and d. packaging the first, second and third articles of manufacture in packages comprising a common single source identifier and a separate, independent product designation that delineates the first, second and third articles of manufacture from each other, wherein the first, second and third articles of manufacture exhibit at least one value of a common intensive property that is different from the others.
• the amount of lint generated from a finished fibrous structure is determined with a Sutherland Rub Tester. This tester uses a motor to rub a weighted felt 5 times over the finished fibrous structure, while the finished fibrous structure is restrained in a stationary position. This finished fibrous structure can be is referred to throughout this method as the "web”.
• the Hunter Color L value is measured before and after the rub test. The difference between these two Hunter Color L values is then used to calculate a lint value.
• This lint method is designed to be used with white or substantially white fibrous structures and/or sanitary tissue products.
• the samples to be tested Prior to the lint rub testing, the samples to be tested should be conditioned according to Tappi Method #T402OM-88. Here, samples are preconditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity level of 10 to 35% and within a temperature range of 22 0 C to 4O 0 C. After this preconditioning step, samples should be conditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity of 48 to 52% and within a temperature range of 22°C to 24°C. This rub testing should also take place within the confines of the constant temperature and humidity room.
• the Sutherland Rub Tester may be obtained from Testing Machines, Inc. (Amityville, N. Y., 1701). The web is first prepared by removing and discarding any product which might have been abraded in handling, e.g.
• this test can be used to make a lint measurement on the multi-ply product, or, if the plies can be separated without damaging the specimen, a measurement can be taken on the individual plies making up the product. If a given sample differs from surface to surface, it is necessary to test both surfaces and average the values in order to arrive at a composite lint value. In some cases, products are made from multiple-plies of webs such that the facing-out surfaces are identical, in which case it is only necessary to test one surface. If both surfaces are to be tested, it is necessary to obtain six specimens for testing (Single surface testing only requires three specimens).
• Each specimen should be folded in half such that the crease is running along the cross direction (CD) of the web sample.
• CD cross direction
• the four pound weight has four square inches of effective contact area providing a contact pressure of one pound per square inch. Since the contact pressure can be changed by alteration of the rubber pads mounted on the face of the weight, it is important to use only the rubber pads supplied by the manufacturer (Brown Inc., Mechanical Services Department, Kalamazoo, Mich.). These pads must be replaced if they become hard, abraded or chipped off. When not in use, the weight must be positioned such that the pads are not supporting the full weight of the weight. It is best to store the weight on its side, iv. RUB TESTER INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION The Sutherland Rub Tester must first be calibrated prior to use. First, turn on the Sutherland Rub Tester by moving the tester switch to the "cont" position.
• the first step in the measurement of lint is to measure the Hunter color values of the black felt/cardboard samples prior to being rubbed on the web sample.
• the first step in this measurement is to lower the standard white plate from under the instrument port of the Hunter color instrument. Center a felt covered cardboard, with the arrow pointing to the back of the color meter, on top of the standard plate. Release the sample stage, allowing the felt covered cardboard to be raised under the sample port.
• the felt width is only slightly larger than the viewing area diameter, make sure the felt completely covers the viewing area. After confirming complete coverage, depress the L push button and wait for the reading to stabilize. Read and record this L value to the nearest 0.1 unit.
• a D25D2A head If a D25D2A head is in use, lower the felt covered cardboard and plate, rotate the felt covered cardboard 90° so the arrow points to the right side of the meter. Next, release the sample stage and check once more to make sure the viewing area is completely covered with felt. Depress the L push button. Read and record this value to the nearest 0.1 unit. For the D25D2M unit, the recorded value is the Hunter Color L value. For the D25D2A head where a rotated sample reading is also recorded, the Hunter Color L value is the average of the two recorded values.
• the Horizontal Full Sheet (HFS) test method determines the amount of distilled water absorbed and retained by a sanitary tissue product of the present invention. This method is performed by first weighing a sample of the sanitary tissue product to be tested (referred to herein as the "Dry Weight of the paper"), then thoroughly wetting the sanitary tissue product, draining the wetted sanitary tissue product in a horizontal position and then reweighing (referred to herein as "Wet Weight of the paper"). The absorptive capacity of the sanitary tissue product is then computed as the amount of water retained in units of grams of water absorbed by the sanitary tissue product. When evaluating different sanitary tissue product samples, the same size of sanitary tissue product is used for all samples tested.
• the apparatus for determining the HFS capacity of sanitary tissue product comprises the following: an electronic balance with a sensitivity of at least ⁇ 0.01 grams and a minimum capacity of 1200 grams.
• the balance should be positioned on a balance table and slab to minimize the vibration effects of floor/benchtop weighing.
• the balance should also have a special balance pan to be able to handle the size of the sanitary tissue product tested (i.e.; a paper sample of about 11 in. (27.9 cm) by 11 in. (27.9 cm)).
• the balance pan can be made out of a variety of materials. Plexiglass is a common material used.
• a sample support rack and sample support cover is also required. Both the rack and cover are comprised of a lightweight metal frame, strung with 0.012 in. (0.305 cm) diameter monofilament so as to form a grid of 0.5 inch squares (1.27 cm 2 ). The size of the support rack and cover is such that the sample size can be conveniently placed between the two.
• the HFS test is performed in an environment maintained at 23 ⁇ 1° C and 50 ⁇ 2% relative humidity.
• a water reservoir or tub is filled with distilled water at 23 ⁇ 1° C to a depth of 3 inches (7.6 cm).
• the sanitary tissue product to be tested is carefully weighed on the balance to the nearest 0.01 grams. The dry weight of the sample is reported to the nearest 0.01 grams.
• the empty sample support rack is placed on the balance with the special balance pan described above. The balance is then zeroed (tared). The sample is carefully placed on the sample support rack. The support rack cover is placed on top of the support rack. The sample (now sandwiched between the rack and cover) is submerged in the water reservoir. After the sample has been submerged for 60 seconds, the sample support rack and cover are gently raised out of the reservoir.
• the sample, support rack and cover are allowed to drain horizontally for 120 ⁇ 5 seconds, taking care not to excessively shake or vibrate the sample.
• the rack cover is carefully removed and the wet sample and the support rack are weighed on the previously tared balance. The weight is recorded to the nearest 0.0 Ig. This is the wet weight of the sample.
• the gram per sanitary tissue product sample absorptive capacity of the sample is defined as (Wet Weight of the paper - Dry Weight of the paper).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Pens And Brushes (AREA)
• Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-01-31 MX MXMX07008857A patent/MX2007008857A/es unknown
  • 2006-01-31 CN CNA2006800033761A patent/CN101111180A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-01-31 CA CA2596095A patent/CA2596095C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-01-31 US US11/344,331 patent/US20060168914A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-01-31 AU AU2006210986A patent/AU2006210986B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2006-01-31 EP EP06719930A patent/EP1843688A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-01-31 WO PCT/US2006/003325 patent/WO2006083814A2/en active Application Filing
• 2016
  • 2016-04-19 US US15/132,444 patent/US20160229607A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-04-19 US US15/132,456 patent/US20160229609A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-04-19 US US15/132,440 patent/US20160229606A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-04-19 US US15/132,449 patent/US20160229608A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2019
  • 2019-12-26 US US16/727,138 patent/US20200130910A1/en not_active Abandoned

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