EP1836881B1 - Device for the controlled switching of a lamp, use of the device and corresponding operating method - Google Patents
Device for the controlled switching of a lamp, use of the device and corresponding operating method Download PDFInfo
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- EP1836881B1 EP1836881B1 EP05850188A EP05850188A EP1836881B1 EP 1836881 B1 EP1836881 B1 EP 1836881B1 EP 05850188 A EP05850188 A EP 05850188A EP 05850188 A EP05850188 A EP 05850188A EP 1836881 B1 EP1836881 B1 EP 1836881B1
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- lamp
- power supply
- load current
- supply output
- switched
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- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002565 electrocardiography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
Definitions
- This invention relates to a device for switching on and off a lamp.
- ballasts are, in particular, transformers and electronic ballasts with converters which adapt a supply power with regard to the voltage amplitudes and the frequency to an optimum supply of the lamp.
- ballasts are also controllable, so they can be switched on and off via control commands, without a switch between the ballast and the power supply must be pressed.
- digitally addressable ballasts ie ballasts with a digital control input, can be controlled by the digital signals with the operation of the ballast.
- EP 1 374 366 A discloses a device for switching on and off a lamp having a power supply input and a switched power supply output and is configured to output, when on, a supply voltage input to the power supply input to the outside via the power supply output, providing a digital control input responsive to the power supply output is switched.
- the US 2002/0047638 A1 discloses a ballast for fluorescent lamps with an integrated circuit.
- the invention is based on the technical problem of providing a device for switching on and off of lamps, which provides improved possibilities for the use of lamps.
- the invention is further intended to indicate a corresponding use of the device and a corresponding method of operating a lamp.
- the invention is directed to a device for switching on and off a lamp having a power supply input and a switched power supply output, wherein the device is adapted to output in the on state a incoming at the power supply input supply voltage through the power supply output to the outside, and with a digital control input to which the power supply output is switched in response.
- the device according to the invention is designed, when switched on, to output a supply voltage incoming to the power supply input in the amplitude and frequency unchanged via the power supply output and has a load current monitoring device which is designed to monitor the load current taken off via the power supply output and to supply the power supply output Falling below a minimum load current shutdown.
- the invention is also directed to a use of this device for operating a lamp and to a method of operation a lamp using the apparatus in which the lamp is turned on by turning on the power supply output in response to a control signal input to the digital control input, the load current taken from the power supply output is monitored by the load current monitor, and the lamp is turned off by turning off the power supply output when a minimum load current is dropped becomes.
- this is a device for switching on and off a lamp, which passes on the incoming at its power supply input supply voltage in the on state of the power supply output in frequency and amplitude substantially unchanged to the power supply output. It is therefore neither a ballast with a converter for generating high-frequency and usually elevated voltages for the supply of discharge lamps, nor a transformer, frequency converter or other, but an "extended switch".
- this extended switch should be digitally controllable, ie have a digital control input, to which the power supply output is switched on and off in response.
- a load current monitoring device should be integrated into the device to ensure that the power supply output does not remain permanently on when no lamp is connected or the connected lamp has failed.
- the load current monitoring device monitors the load current taken off at the power supply output and switches off the device, that is, specifically the power supply output and thus the optionally connected lamp when the load current falls below a certain minimum load current value.
- current monitoring can also be in the form of power monitoring.
- the invention thus relates to a device which allows a particularly simple integration of lamps in digital controllers as a digitally controllable switch for lamps with integrated load current monitoring device.
- digital controllers may be digital controllers of larger lighting systems with a plurality of lamps and possibly ballasts or other devices according to the invention, or also digital home automation systems, that is, for example, control via a so-called building bus.
- This lamp types that no ballast require, in particular incandescent lamps including halogen incandescent lamps that are operated without a transformer (so-called high-voltage halogen lamps) are integrated into digital controllers.
- an advantageous application of the invention is to integrate digitally non-controllable ballasts, such as electronic ballasts (ECG) without digital control input, conventional ballasts (KVG) or electronic transformers without digital control input and conventional transformers.
- ECG electronic ballasts
- KVG conventional ballasts
- ECG electronic ballasts
- TMG electronic ballasts
- KVG electronic transformers without digital control input and conventional transformers.
- the invention thus saves in particular the development of digitally controllable ballasts for less common lamp types, which may be so rarely used that development and offer a digitally controllable ballast not worthwhile.
- Such types of lamps can then be integrated into already existing ballasts in terms of switching on and off and the load current monitoring in a digital control.
- the described load current monitoring preferably also includes a function to switch off the device in the event of exceeding a maximum load current value, so sets a permissible load current range outside of which is switched off.
- a certain predetermined and optionally also adjustable time is preferably provided, which must run after a start of the lamp, that is, after a switch-on in the device, before the load current monitoring is actually active.
- This can take into account that certain types of lamps have a so-called start-up behavior, so reach their steady-state current only after a certain time.
- the aforementioned predetermined time is then optionally selected depending on the type of lamp so that this start-up time is awaited. It may also be taken into account that certain ballasts, transformers or series reactors of high-pressure discharge lamps as a result of capacitive or inductive charging currents after switching on the lamp bring about current increases, which may be above the maximum permissible continuous operating current.
- the minimum time can be used to monitor for exceeding and / or falling below the permissible current values.
- the minimum time can be directly at the start of the lamp, d. H. switching on the power supply output.
- Another possibility is to first wait for the exceeding of a certain current threshold, which does not necessarily have to correspond to the minimum load current, and to let the predetermined time run from the exceeding.
- This second option is preferably combined with the first option. Then is given by the current time from the start of a hedge in terms of a given from the outset absence of the lamp or igniting the lamp.
- the minimum load current monitoring also remains out of service and preferably ends significantly earlier than the time calculated from the start of the lamp, it is further ensured that in the actual lamp operation is started relatively soon with the appropriate load current monitoring , Namely, if the lamp actually fires properly, the mentioned current threshold will be reached in the foreseeable future, and then monitoring can be started after a relatively short further period of time. However, if the lamp ignites only with difficulty, the actual start of the lamp should be waited for a sufficiently long time, if it still does not result in an ignition.
- a further preferred embodiment provides a short circuit protection device in addition to the described load current monitoring.
- This short-circuit protection device differs from the maximum load current monitoring described in that it immediately after switching becomes active, so typically in the millisecond range, while the maximum load current monitoring can be delayed rather than a few seconds or even a few tens of seconds against switching on active.
- the short-circuit protection device has a much higher current threshold for tripping, so is not triggered by the mentioned capacitive or inductive charging currents or similar disturbances at start of operation. The current threshold is so high that it can be assumed that there is a load-side short circuit.
- an overtemperature protection device is preferably provided. This monitors the temperature of the device according to the invention, for example via a temperature-dependent resistor at the input of an AD converter o. ⁇ ., And switches the device, d. H. the power supply output when a certain maximum allowable temperature value is reached. In this case, a reconnection after falling below another or identical temperature threshold or a final shutdown can be provided. Furthermore, an output of a warning signal, in particular via the then also as an output, d. H. done as a digital interface trained digital control input.
- inrush currents can occur. These may be disadvantageous in terms of the design of other parts, in particular the design of switches, fuses and circuit breakers (circuit breakers).
- An inventively preferred inrush current limiting takes place via an impedance increase, in particular the increase of an ohmic resistance.
- a series resistor can be switched into the current path in the initial phase and later bridged again.
- Another possibility, which is also preferred here, is to electronically design the switch for switching the power supply output and to switch it on slowly, that is to say the internal resistance temporarily present when the control signals for the electronic switch are correspondingly slow exploit as a series resistor.
- IGBTs or MOSFETs come into consideration.
- the electronic switch would therefore be operated as a variable resistor during the first milliseconds after a switch-on, the resistance of which preferably decreases continuously with the passage of time and falls to almost zero after the decay of the corresponding current peaks.
- a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides a signaling device in the device, such as an acoustic signal transmitter or an LED.
- This signal generator should be operated via the digital control input. This makes it possible to specifically address the device according to the invention during the installation of larger lighting systems and to make them identifiable via the signal device. Thus, if a central control unit outputs the correct address and the device according to the invention is addressed with the corresponding signal, the installer knows that the address used belongs to this individual device as a result of the signal from the signaling device. This function is particularly advantageous when operating lamps that can not be quickly turned on and off, so that identification of a flashing of the lamp is omitted, such as high-pressure discharge lamps. In other cases, it may also be advantageous to design the device according to the invention so that it can flash the connected lamp upon receipt of the corresponding control signal in order to lead to identification.
- FIG. 1 shows a device shown here only as a block 1, which is connected via a protective earth line PE, a neutral conductor N and a phase line L to a power supply.
- the terminals PE, N and L of the device 1 form a power supply input.
- Further terminals N 'and L' of the device 1 form a power supply output to which two loads 2 and 3 are connected.
- These may be, for example, energy-saving lamps with a non-digitally controllable ballast or incandescent lamps.
- the switching function is in response to a digital control input, which is designated by the reference numeral DALI.
- DALI This represents an industry standard of a digital protocol in the field of lighting technology (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface).
- the digital control input DALI is controlled by a gateway 4, which converts the DALI protocol bidirectionally into a different protocol of a building bus system.
- the building bus system is through the left in FIG. 1 drawn lines indicated and denoted by 5.
- the building bus system 5 is briefly abbreviated BUS and can control and monitor other building functions in addition to a digital lighting system.
- the building bus system as indicated by the slashes and the letter "n", numerous other gateways of lighting equipment or other technical facilities of the building are connected.
- the right of the gateway 4 ongoing lines 6 lead to other DALI components, such as DALI-controllable ECGs of discharge lamps.
- the control of the device 1 according to the invention thus takes place directly from the building bus system. If there are other connected gateways 4, this is a lighting system controlled centrally by the building bus system. Alternatively, a central DALI control could also be present, which could optionally be connected centrally to the building bus system 5.
- the device 1 connects or disconnects the power supply output N ', L' to the input N, L. Also queries of the switching and the load state are possible via this signal path.
- FIG. 2 shows the device 1 from FIG. 1 with a schematic representation of its internal structure. Top left is the power supply input with N and L shown, the protective earth PE is omitted.
- the first block 10 denotes a per se known line filter with capacitive and inductive elements for filtering interference components of the mains supply. From the filtered supply lines taps are made to a block 11, which derives an internal supply voltage V CC for the device 1.
- 12 denotes an electronic switch in the supply lines, which is connected via a current detection element 13 to the power supply output L ', N'.
- the current detection element 13 For example, it may be a so-called shunt resistor or a measuring transformer.
- the switch 12 is actuated via a designated "On / Off" signal line by a microcontroller 14 with program and data memory.
- the microcontroller 14 detects via the designated U power line the instantaneous mains voltage on the switch 12 and the designated I load and load lines U's current load current and the instantaneous load voltage on the output side of the switch 12th
- the microcontroller 14 is connected via a designated DALI RxD (Receive Data) line via a DALI interface 15 through the digital control input DALI (in FIG. 2 bottom left) and returns feedback signals via line DALI TxD (Transmit Data) via interface 15.
- DALI RxD Receiveive Data
- DALI TxD Transmit Data
- microcontroller 14 may flash an identification LED 16 to make device 1 identifiable.
- Reference device 17 can be used to manually refer the device 1 to a connected lamp with or without a ballast, as described above FIG. 3 will be explained in more detail.
- the device 1 can be controlled via the control input DALI, the interface 15 and the microcontroller 14 with regard to the switching function of the electronic switch 12, so that the lamp connected to the power supply output L ', N' is connected to the (filtered) mains supply L, N or separated from it.
- a flashing of the LED 16 can be caused via a corresponding control command to make an assignment to the control address.
- About the Referenzierungstaster 17 after connecting a lamp with or without ballast to the power supply output L ', N' a referencing explained below is possible.
- the microcontroller 14 further receives a signal of a temperature dependent resistor 18 which is converted to a digital signal via an AD converter.
- the microcontroller 14 switches off the load automatically and switches it back on with a hysteresis of a few degrees Celsius after the temperature release value has been undershot.
- the over-temperature protection is essential, above all, for the protection of the electronic switch 12, so that the temperature-sensitive resistor is arranged in its spatial proximity.
- FIG. 3 shows this referencing in the form of a schematic block diagram.
- the process starts at the top with a start of referencing and a subsequent determination of the current performance.
- the connected lamp is put into operation, the switch 12 is thus closed, and determined via the current detection device with the values U load and I load an active power.
- the time of the amplitude maximum of U load can be determined and at this time the current I load measured, which is then a measure of the active current and thus the active power, or the microcontroller determines the phase shift between U Load and I load and the measured values for U load and I load and calculates the active power from this.
- the technical details of an active power determination are otherwise known to the person skilled in the art and need not be explained in more detail here.
- the power stops increasing, ie it is no longer greater than the last value, the power is stored as the reference value, so that the Referencing is completed. In this form, therefore, by connecting a new and functional lamp with or without ballast whose actually measured continuous operating power is stored as a reference value. If, due to the mentioned maximum time interval (time out), no referencing comes about, an error signal occurs, because then no proper lamp operation has taken place.
- FIG. 4 shows in the form of a timing diagram a typical lamp start with the device FIG. 1 using the example of a high-pressure discharge lamp with a conventional series reactor.
- the ordinate shows the measured power or, in this case, the measured active current, while the abscissa represents the time.
- the basis FIG. 3 Referencing, together with given tolerance deviations to lower and higher values, results in a permissible load range, which in FIG. 4 shown above with two dashed abscissa-parallel lines.
- the ignition takes place at the circled number "1", whereupon the lamp power and the lamp current slowly increase over time. It is the typical start-up behavior of a high-pressure discharge lamp, which is shown here in simplified form. With this time "1", a first predetermined and adjustable depending on the lamp type time T T is started.
- the lamp fails at the time designated by "5".
- the microcontroller 14 checks whether the measured value I load lies within the permissible load range, which is obviously not the case here in case C. After expiry of the time t T , an error message is thus output, ie the output of a digital alarm signal from the microcontroller 14 via the line DALI TxD, the interface 15 and the control input, which simultaneously represents a signal output.
- the lamp continues to operate, so that after the time t T as a result of monitoring no shutdown follows. If, in the further course of time, the lamp would fail, then periodic queries of the microcontroller 14 would detect this and in turn lead to a switch-off and an alarm signal. These queries occur at short intervals and thus with regard to the lamp operation quasi-continuous, with the expiry of the time t T starting.
- Both times t T and t V are programmable and thus adapted to the connected lamp or the connected ballast with lamp. This can be done on the one hand via appropriate DALI commands or on the other not shown here on the adjustment device 1 itself.
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Abstract
Description
Diese Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten einer Lampe.This invention relates to a device for switching on and off a lamp.
Die verschiedenen bekannten Lampentypen werden teils mit Vorschaltgeräten und teils direkt an einer Batterie- oder Netzversorgung betrieben. Als Vorschaltgeräte kommen insbesondere Transformatoren und elektronische Vorschaltgeräte mit Wandlern in Betracht, die eine Versorgungsleistung hinsichtlich der Spannungsamplituden und der Frequenz an eine optimale Versorgung der Lampe anpassen.The various known lamp types are operated partly with ballasts and partly directly to a battery or mains supply. Suitable ballasts are, in particular, transformers and electronic ballasts with converters which adapt a supply power with regard to the voltage amplitudes and the frequency to an optimum supply of the lamp.
Das Ein- und Ausschalten erfolgt durch konventionelle Schalter zwischen der Lampe und der Leistungsversorgung bzw. dem Vorschaltgerät in der Leistungsversorgung. In Einzelfällen sind Vorschaltgeräte auch steuerbar, können also über Steuerbefehle ein- und ausgeschaltet werden, ohne dass ein Schalter zwischen dem Vorschaltgerät und der Leistungsversorgung betätigt werden muss. Bekannt sind ferner digital adressierbare Vorschaltgeräte, d. h. Vorschaltgeräte mit einem digitalen Steuereingang, über den mit digitalen Signalen der Betrieb des Vorschaltgeräts gesteuert werden kann.The switching on and off is done by conventional switches between the lamp and the power supply or the ballast in the power supply. In some cases ballasts are also controllable, so they can be switched on and off via control commands, without a switch between the ballast and the power supply must be pressed. Also known are digitally addressable ballasts, ie ballasts with a digital control input, can be controlled by the digital signals with the operation of the ballast.
Die Offenlegungsschrift
Die
Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten von Lampen anzugeben, die verbesserte Möglichkeiten zum Einsatz von Lampen schafft. Die Erfindung soll ferner eine entsprechende Verwendung der Vorrichtung und ein entsprechendes Betriebsverfahren für eine Lampe angeben.The invention is based on the technical problem of providing a device for switching on and off of lamps, which provides improved possibilities for the use of lamps. The invention is further intended to indicate a corresponding use of the device and a corresponding method of operating a lamp.
Die Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten einer Lampe mit einem Leistungsversorgungseingang und einem geschalteten Leistungsversorgungsausgang, wobei die Vorrichtung dazu ausgelegt ist, im eingeschalteten Zustand eine an dem Leistungsversorgungseingang eingehende Versorgungsspannung über den Leistungsversorgungsausgang nach Außen auszugeben, und mit einem digitalen Steuereingang, auf den ansprechend der Leistungsversorgungsausgang geschaltet wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist dazu ausgelegt, im eingeschalteten Zustand eine an dem Leistungsversorgungseingang eingehende Versorgungsspannung über den Leistungsversorgungsausgang in Amplitude und Frequenz unverändert nach Außen auszugeben und weist eine Laststromüberwachungseinrichtung auf, die dazu ausgelegt ist, den über den Leistungsversorgungsausgang abgenommenen Laststrom zu überwachen und den Leistungsversorgungsausgang bei Unterschreiten eines Mindestlaststroms abzuschalten. Die Erfindung richtet sich außerdem auf eine Verwendung dieser Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Lampe und auf ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Lampe unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung, bei dem die Lampe durch Einschalten des Leistungsversorgungsausgangs ansprechend auf ein in den digitalen Steuereingang eingegebenes Steuersignal eingeschaltet wird, der über den Leistungsversorgungsausgang abgenommene Laststrom mit der Laststromüberwachungseinrichtung überwacht wird und die Lampe bei Unterschreiten eines Mindestlaststroms durch Abschalten des Leistungsversorgungsausgangs abgeschaltet wird.The invention is directed to a device for switching on and off a lamp having a power supply input and a switched power supply output, wherein the device is adapted to output in the on state a incoming at the power supply input supply voltage through the power supply output to the outside, and with a digital control input to which the power supply output is switched in response. The device according to the invention is designed, when switched on, to output a supply voltage incoming to the power supply input in the amplitude and frequency unchanged via the power supply output and has a load current monitoring device which is designed to monitor the load current taken off via the power supply output and to supply the power supply output Falling below a minimum load current shutdown. The invention is also directed to a use of this device for operating a lamp and to a method of operation a lamp using the apparatus in which the lamp is turned on by turning on the power supply output in response to a control signal input to the digital control input, the load current taken from the power supply output is monitored by the load current monitor, and the lamp is turned off by turning off the power supply output when a minimum load current is dropped becomes.
Im Gegensatz zu den eingangs erwähnten Vorschaltgeräten handelt es sich hier um eine Vorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten einer Lampe, die die an ihrem Leistungsversorgungseingang eingehende Versorgungsspannung im eingeschalteten Zustand des Leistungsversorgungsausgangs in Frequenz und Amplitude im Wesentlichen unverändert an den Leistungsversorgungsausgang weitergibt. Es handelt sich also weder um ein Vorschaltgerät mit Wandler zur Erzeugung hochfrequenter und im Regelfall erhöhter Spannungen zur Versorgung von Entladungslampen, noch um einen Transformator, Frequenzumsetzer oder Anderes, sondern um einen "erweiterten Schalter".In contrast to the ballasts mentioned above, this is a device for switching on and off a lamp, which passes on the incoming at its power supply input supply voltage in the on state of the power supply output in frequency and amplitude substantially unchanged to the power supply output. It is therefore neither a ballast with a converter for generating high-frequency and usually elevated voltages for the supply of discharge lamps, nor a transformer, frequency converter or other, but an "extended switch".
Erfindungsgemäß soll dieser erweiterte Schalter digital steuerbar sein, also einen digitalen Steuereingang aufweisen, auf den ansprechend der Leistungsversorgungsausgang ein- und ausgeschaltet wird. Ferner soll in die Vorrichtung eine Laststromüberwachungseinrichtung integriert sein, um zu gewährleisten, dass der Leistungsversorgungsausgang nicht dauerhaft eingeschaltet bleibt, wenn keine Lampe angeschlossen oder die angeschlossene Lampe ausgefallen ist. Dazu überwacht die Laststromüberwachungseinrichtung den an dem Leistungsversorgungsausgang abgenommenen Laststrom und schaltet die Vorrichtung, das heißt, konkret den Leistungsversorgungsausgang und mithin die gegebenenfalls angeschlossene Lampe ab, wenn der Laststrom einen bestimmten Mindestlaststromwert unterschreitet. Eine Stromüberwachung kann dabei natürlich auch in Form einer Leistungsüberwachung vorliegen.According to the invention, this extended switch should be digitally controllable, ie have a digital control input, to which the power supply output is switched on and off in response. Furthermore, a load current monitoring device should be integrated into the device to ensure that the power supply output does not remain permanently on when no lamp is connected or the connected lamp has failed. For this purpose, the load current monitoring device monitors the load current taken off at the power supply output and switches off the device, that is, specifically the power supply output and thus the optionally connected lamp when the load current falls below a certain minimum load current value. Of course, current monitoring can also be in the form of power monitoring.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich somit auf eine Vorrichtung, die als digital steuerbarer Schalter für Lampen mit integrierter Laststromüberwachungseinrichtung eine besonders einfache Einbindung von Lampen in digitale Steuerungen erlaubt. Es kann sich dabei um digitale Steuerungen von größeren Beleuchtungsanlagen mit einer Mehrzahl Lampen und gegebenenfalls Vorschaltgeräten oder anderen erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen handeln oder auch um digitale Haustechniksysteme, also etwa die Ansteuerung über einen sogenannten Gebäudebus. Damit können Lampentypen, die kein Vorschaltgerät benötigen, insbesondere Glühlampen einschließlich Halogen-Glühlampen, die ohne Transformator zu betreiben sind (sogenannte Hochvolthalogenlampen) in digitale Steuerungen eingebunden werden. Andererseits liegt eine vorteilhafte Anwendungsmöglichkeit der Erfindung auch darin, digital nicht steuerbare Vorschaltgeräte einzubinden, etwa elektronische Vorschaltgeräte (EVG) ohne digitalen Steuereingang, konventionelle Vorschaltgeräte (KVG) oder elektronische Transformatoren ohne digitalen Steuereingang sowie konventionelle Transformatoren. Dies betrifft also insbesondere Entladungslampen, und zwar sowohl im Niederdruck wie auch im Hochdruckbereich, und Niedervolthalogenglühlampen.The invention thus relates to a device which allows a particularly simple integration of lamps in digital controllers as a digitally controllable switch for lamps with integrated load current monitoring device. These may be digital controllers of larger lighting systems with a plurality of lamps and possibly ballasts or other devices according to the invention, or also digital home automation systems, that is, for example, control via a so-called building bus. This lamp types that no ballast require, in particular incandescent lamps including halogen incandescent lamps that are operated without a transformer (so-called high-voltage halogen lamps) are integrated into digital controllers. On the other hand, an advantageous application of the invention is to integrate digitally non-controllable ballasts, such as electronic ballasts (ECG) without digital control input, conventional ballasts (KVG) or electronic transformers without digital control input and conventional transformers. This therefore applies in particular discharge lamps, both in low pressure and in the high pressure area, and low-voltage halogen incandescent lamps.
Die Erfindung erspart damit insbesondere die Entwicklung digital steuerbarer Vorschaltgeräte für seltenere Lampentypen, die möglicherweise so selten eingesetzt werden, dass sich Entwicklung und Angebot eines digital steuerbaren Vorschaltgeräts nicht lohnen. Solche Lampentypen können dann mit ohnehin vorhandenen Vorschaltgeräten in Bezug auf das Ein- und Ausschalten und die Laststromüberwachung in eine digitale Steuerung eingebunden werden.The invention thus saves in particular the development of digitally controllable ballasts for less common lamp types, which may be so rarely used that development and offer a digitally controllable ballast not worthwhile. Such types of lamps can then be integrated into already existing ballasts in terms of switching on and off and the load current monitoring in a digital control.
Die beschriebene Laststromüberwachung umfasst vorzugsweise auch eine Funktion, die Vorrichtung im Falle des Überschreitens eines Maximallaststromwertes auszuschalten, legt also einen zulässigen Laststrombereich fest, außerhalb dem abgeschaltet wird.The described load current monitoring preferably also includes a function to switch off the device in the event of exceeding a maximum load current value, so sets a permissible load current range outside of which is switched off.
Dabei ist vorzugsweise eine bestimmte vorgegebene und optional auch einstellbare Zeit vorgesehen, die nach einem Start der Lampe, das heißt nach einem Einschaltvorgang in der Vorrichtung, ablaufen muss, bevor die Laststromüberwachung tatsächlich aktiv wird. Damit kann berücksichtigt werden, dass bestimmte Lampentypen ein sogenanntes Anlaufverhalten haben, also ihren Dauerbetriebsstrom erst nach einer bestimmten Zeit erreichen. Die erwähnte vorgegebene Zeit wird dann gegebenenfalls lampentypabhängig so gewählt, dass diese Anlaufzeit abgewartet wird. Ferner kann berücksichtigt werden, dass bestimmte Vorschaltgeräte, Transformatoren oder Vorschaltdrosseln von Hochdruckentladungslampen in Folge von kapazitiven oder induktiven Ladeströmen nach dem Einschalten der Lampe Stromüberhöhungen mit sich bringen, die oberhalb des maximal zulässigen Dauerbetriebsstroms liegen können. Die Mindestzeit kann für die Überwachung auf Überschreiten und/oder Unterschreiten der zulässigen Stromwerte gelten. Zu weiteren Einzelheiten wird auf das Ausführungsbeispiel verwiesen.In this case, a certain predetermined and optionally also adjustable time is preferably provided, which must run after a start of the lamp, that is, after a switch-on in the device, before the load current monitoring is actually active. This can take into account that certain types of lamps have a so-called start-up behavior, so reach their steady-state current only after a certain time. The aforementioned predetermined time is then optionally selected depending on the type of lamp so that this start-up time is awaited. It may also be taken into account that certain ballasts, transformers or series reactors of high-pressure discharge lamps as a result of capacitive or inductive charging currents after switching on the lamp bring about current increases, which may be above the maximum permissible continuous operating current. The minimum time can be used to monitor for exceeding and / or falling below the permissible current values. For further details, reference is made to the embodiment.
Die Mindestzeit kann sich unmittelbar an den Start der Lampe, d. h. das Einschalten des Leistungsversorgungsausgangs, anschließen. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, zunächst das Überschreiten eines bestimmten Stromschwellenwerts, der mit dem Mindestlaststrom nicht unbedingt übereinstimmen muss, abzuwarten und die vorgegebene Zeit von dem Überschreiten an laufen zu lassen. Diese zweite Möglichkeit ist vorzugsweise mit der ersten Möglichkeit kombiniert. Dann ist durch die ab dem Start laufende Zeit eine Absicherung im Hinblick auf ein von vornherein gegebenes Fehlen der Lampe oder Nichtzünden der Lampe gegeben. Durch die nach dem Überschreiten des Stromschwellenwerts gegebene Zeit, in der die Mindestlaststromüberwachung ebenfalls außer Betrieb bleibt und die vorzugsweise deutlich früher endet als die vom Start der Lampe an gerechnete Zeit, ist ferner sichergestellt, dass im eigentlichen Lampenbetrieb relativ bald mit der entsprechenden Laststromüberwachung begonnen wird. Wenn nämlich die Lampe tatsächlich ordnungsgemäß zündet, wird der erwähnte Stromschwellenwert in absehbarer Zeit erreicht, und dann kann nach einer relativ kurzen weiteren Zeitspanne mit der Überwachung begonnen werden. Sollte die Lampe aber nur mit Schwierigkeiten zünden, sollte vom eigentlichen Lampenstart an eine ausreichend lange Zeit abgewartet werden, ob sich nicht doch noch eine Zündung ergibt.The minimum time can be directly at the start of the lamp, d. H. switching on the power supply output. Another possibility is to first wait for the exceeding of a certain current threshold, which does not necessarily have to correspond to the minimum load current, and to let the predetermined time run from the exceeding. This second option is preferably combined with the first option. Then is given by the current time from the start of a hedge in terms of a given from the outset absence of the lamp or igniting the lamp. By the given after the exceeding of the current threshold value in which the minimum load current monitoring also remains out of service and preferably ends significantly earlier than the time calculated from the start of the lamp, it is further ensured that in the actual lamp operation is started relatively soon with the appropriate load current monitoring , Namely, if the lamp actually fires properly, the mentioned current threshold will be reached in the foreseeable future, and then monitoring can be started after a relatively short further period of time. However, if the lamp ignites only with difficulty, the actual start of the lamp should be waited for a sufficiently long time, if it still does not result in an ignition.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung sieht zusätzlich zu der beschriebenen Laststromüberwachung eine Kurzschlussschutzeinrichtung vor. Diese Kurzschlussschutzeinrichtung unterscheidet sich von der beschriebenen Maximallaststromüberwachung dadurch, dass sie unmittelbar nach dem Einschalten aktiv wird, also typischerweise im Millisekundenbereich, während die Maximallaststromüberwachung eher einige Sekunden oder sogar einige zehn Sekunden gegenüber dem Einschalten verzögert aktiv werden kann. Ferner hat die Kurzschlussschutzeinrichtung einen sehr viel höheren Stromschwellenwert zur Auslösung, wird also durch die erwähnten kapazitiven oder induktiven Ladeströme oder ähnliche Störungen bei Betriebsbeginn nicht ausgelöst. Der Stromschwellenwert liegt so hoch, dass bei Erreichen davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass ein lastseitiger Kurzschluss vorliegt.A further preferred embodiment provides a short circuit protection device in addition to the described load current monitoring. This short-circuit protection device differs from the maximum load current monitoring described in that it immediately after switching becomes active, so typically in the millisecond range, while the maximum load current monitoring can be delayed rather than a few seconds or even a few tens of seconds against switching on active. Furthermore, the short-circuit protection device has a much higher current threshold for tripping, so is not triggered by the mentioned capacitive or inductive charging currents or similar disturbances at start of operation. The current threshold is so high that it can be assumed that there is a load-side short circuit.
Ferner ist vorzugsweise eine Übertemperaturschutzeinrichtung vorgesehen. Diese überwacht die Temperatur der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, beispielsweise über einen temperaturabhängigen Widerstand am Eingang eines AD-Wandlers o. Ä., und schaltet die Vorrichtung, d. h. den Leistungsversorgungsausgang, bei Erreichen eines bestimmten maximal zulässigen Temperaturwerts ab. Dabei kann ein Wiedereinschalten nach Unterschreiten eines anderen oder identischen Temperaturschwellenwerts oder auch ein endgültiges Abschalten vorgesehen sein. Ferner kann eine Ausgabe eines Warnsignals insbesondere über den dann auch als Ausgang, d. h. als digitale Schnittstelle ausgebildeten digitalen Steuereingang erfolgen.Furthermore, an overtemperature protection device is preferably provided. This monitors the temperature of the device according to the invention, for example via a temperature-dependent resistor at the input of an AD converter o. Ä., And switches the device, d. H. the power supply output when a certain maximum allowable temperature value is reached. In this case, a reconnection after falling below another or identical temperature threshold or a final shutdown can be provided. Furthermore, an output of a warning signal, in particular via the then also as an output, d. H. done as a digital interface trained digital control input.
Es wurde bereits erwähnt, dass in bestimmten Fällen erhöhte Einschaltströme auftreten können. Diese können im Hinblick auf die Auslegung anderer Teile, insbesondere die Auslegung von Schaltern, Sicherungen und Leitungsschutzschaltern (Sicherungsautomaten) nachteilig sein. Eine erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte Einschaltstrombegrenzung erfolgt dabei über eine Impedanzerhöhung, insbesondere die Erhöhung eines ohmschen Widerstands. Hier kann ein Vorwiderstand in der Anfangsphase in den Strompfad geschaltet und später wieder überbrückt werden. Eine andere und hier auch bevorzugte Möglichkeit besteht darin, den Schalter zum Schalten des Leistungsversorgungsausgangs elektronisch auszubilden und langsam einzuschalten, also den bei entsprechend langsam werdenden Steuersignalen für den elektronischen Schalter vorübergehend vorhandenen Innenwiderstand als Vorwiderstand auszunutzen. In Frage kommen insbesondere IGBTs oder MOSFETs. Der elektronische Schalter würde also während der ersten Millisekunden nach einem Einschaltvorgang als variabler Widerstand betrieben, dessen Widerstandswert sich mit dem Zeitablauf vorzugsweise kontinuierlich verringert und nach dem Abklingen der entsprechenden Stromspitzen auf nahezu Null fällt.It has already been mentioned that in certain cases increased inrush currents can occur. These may be disadvantageous in terms of the design of other parts, in particular the design of switches, fuses and circuit breakers (circuit breakers). An inventively preferred inrush current limiting takes place via an impedance increase, in particular the increase of an ohmic resistance. Here, a series resistor can be switched into the current path in the initial phase and later bridged again. Another possibility, which is also preferred here, is to electronically design the switch for switching the power supply output and to switch it on slowly, that is to say the internal resistance temporarily present when the control signals for the electronic switch are correspondingly slow exploit as a series resistor. In particular, IGBTs or MOSFETs come into consideration. The electronic switch would therefore be operated as a variable resistor during the first milliseconds after a switch-on, the resistance of which preferably decreases continuously with the passage of time and falls to almost zero after the decay of the corresponding current peaks.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht eine Signaleinrichtung in der Vorrichtung vor, etwa einen akustischen Signalgeber oder eine LED. Dieser Signalgeber soll über den digitalen Steuereingang zu betätigen sein. Dies erlaubt es, bei der Installation von größeren Beleuchtungsanlagen die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gezielt zu adressieren und über die Signaleinrichtung identifizierbar zu machen. Wenn also ein zentrales Steuergerät die richtige Adresse ausgibt und die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit dem entsprechenden Signal adressiert wird, weiß der Installateur in Folge des Signals der Signaleinrichtung, dass die verwendete Adresse zu dieser individuellen Vorrichtung gehört. Diese Funktion ist vor allem dann von Vorteil, wenn Lampen betrieben werden, die nicht schnell ein- und ausgeschaltet werden können, so dass eine Identifizierung über ein Blinken der Lampe entfällt, etwa bei Hochdruckentladungslampen. In anderen Fällen kann es auch von Vorteil sein, die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung so auszulegen, dass sie bei Empfang des entsprechenden Steuersignals die angeschlossene Lampe blinken lässt, um damit zur Identifikation zu führen.A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides a signaling device in the device, such as an acoustic signal transmitter or an LED. This signal generator should be operated via the digital control input. This makes it possible to specifically address the device according to the invention during the installation of larger lighting systems and to make them identifiable via the signal device. Thus, if a central control unit outputs the correct address and the device according to the invention is addressed with the corresponding signal, the installer knows that the address used belongs to this individual device as a result of the signal from the signaling device. This function is particularly advantageous when operating lamps that can not be quickly turned on and off, so that identification of a flashing of the lamp is omitted, such as high-pressure discharge lamps. In other cases, it may also be advantageous to design the device according to the invention so that it can flash the connected lamp upon receipt of the corresponding control signal in order to lead to identification.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei offenbarte Merkmale können auch in anderen Kombinationen erfindungswesentlich sein. Im Übrigen beziehen sich in der vorstehenden wie in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sämtliche Merkmale auf die Vorrichtung, die Verwendung und das Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung, ohne dass hierzwischen noch explizit unterschieden wird.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. In this case disclosed features may be essential to the invention in other combinations. Incidentally, in the above description as well as in the following description, all the features relate to the device, the use and the method according to the invention, without explicitly distinguishing between them.
Im Einzelnen zeigt:
Figur 1- ein Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit Netz- anschluss, Steueranschluss und zwei angeschlossenen Lampen;
Figur 2- ein Blockschaltbild des inneren Aufbaus der Vorrichtung aus
Figur 1 ; Figur 3- ein schematisches Flussdiagramm für den Ablauf einer Referenzie- rung der Vorrichtung
aus den Figuren 1 und 2 und Figur 4- ein Zeitverlaufsdiagramm zur Erläuterung des Lampenbetriebsan- laufs mit der Vorrichtung aus
den Figuren 1 .und 2
- FIG. 1
- a block diagram of a device according to the invention with mains connection, control terminal and two lamps connected;
- FIG. 2
- a block diagram of the internal structure of the device
FIG. 1 ; - FIG. 3
- a schematic flowchart for the sequence of a referencing of the device from the
Figures 1 and 2 and - FIG. 4
- a timing diagram for explaining the Lampenbetriebsanlaufs with the device of the
Figures 1 and 2 ,
Weitere Anschlüsse N' und L' der Vorrichtung 1 bilden einen Leistungsversorgungsausgang, an den zwei Lasten 2 und 3 angeschlossen sind. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um Energiesparlampen mit einem nicht digital ansteuerbaren Vorschaltgerät oder um Glühlampen handeln.Further terminals N 'and L' of the
Wie aus
In diesem Fall erfolgt die Ansteuerung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 also direkt aus dem Gebäudebussystem. Wenn es weitere angeschlossene Gateways 4 gibt, so handelt es sich um eine von dem Gebäudebussystem zentral gesteuerte Beleuchtungsanlage. Alternativ könnte auch eine zentrale DALI-Steuerung vorliegen, die optional zentral mit dem Gebäudebussystem 5 verbunden sein könnte.In this case, the control of the
Wenn also das Gebäudebussystem 5 über das Gateway 4 einen entsprechenden Befehl an den digitalen Steuereingang DALI ausgibt, so verbindet die Vorrichtung 1 den Leistungsversorgungsausgang N', L' mit dem Eingang N, L oder trennt ihn davon. Auch Abfragen des Schalt- und des Lastzustandes sind über diesen Signalweg möglich.Thus, when the
Der Schalter 12 wird über eine mit "On/Off" bezeichnete Signalleitung von einem Mikrocontroller 14 mit Programm- und Datenspeicher betätigt. Der Mikrocontroller 14 erfasst über die mit UNetz bezeichnete Leitung die momentane Netzspannung an dem Schalter 12 und über die mit ILast und ULast bezeichneten Leitungen den momentanen Laststrom und die momentane Lastspannung an der Ausgangsseite des Schalters 12.The
Der Mikrocontroller 14 wird über eine mit DALI RxD (Receive Data) bezeichnete Leitung über eine DALI-Schnittstelle 15 durch den digitalen Steuereingang DALI (in
Ferner kann der Mikrocontroller 14 ansprechend auf DALI-Steuerbefehle eine Identifizierungs-LED 16 zum Blinken bringen, um die Vorrichtung 1 identifizierbar zu machen.Further, in response to DALI commands,
Über einen Referenzierungstaster 17 kann manuell eine Referenzierung der Vorrichtung 1 auf eine angeschlossene Lampe mit oder ohne Vorschaltgerät vorgenommen werden, wie anhand
Insgesamt kann die Vorrichtung 1 über den Steuereingang DALI, die Schnittstelle 15 und den Mikrocontroller 14 hinsichtlich der Schaltfunktion des elektronischen Schalters 12 gesteuert werden, so dass die an den Leistungsversorgungsausgang L', N' angeschlossene Lampe mit der (gefilterten) Netzversorgung L, N verbunden oder davon getrennt wird. Bei einer Installation kann über einen entsprechenden Steuerbefehl ein Blinken der LED 16 hervorgerufen werden, um eine Zuordnung zu der Steueradresse vorzunehmen. Über den Referenzierungstaster 17 ist nach dem Anschluss einer Lampe mit oder ohne Vorschaltgerät an den Leistungsversorgungsausgang L', N' eine im Folgenden erläuterte Referenzierung möglich.Overall, the
Der Mikrocontroller 14 empfängt ferner ein Signal eines temperaturabhängigen Widerstands 18, das über einen AD-Wandler in ein Digitalsignal umgewandelt ist. Damit kann der bereits beschriebene Übertemperaturschutz gewährleistet werden.The
Nach Überschreiten eines Temperaturgrenzwerts schaltet der Mikrocontroller 14 die Last automatisch aus und schaltet sie mit einer Hysterese von einigen Grad Celsius nach Unterschreiten des Temperaturauslösewerts wieder ein. Der Übertemperaturschutz ist vor allem zum Schutz des elektronischen Schalters 12 wesentlich, so dass der temperaturempfindliche Widerstand in dessen räumlicher Nähe angeordnet ist.After a temperature limit has been exceeded, the
Wenn die momentane Wirkleistung, also die über den Leistungsversorgungsausgang L', N' ausgegebene Leistung größer als der letzte ermittelte Wirkleistungswert ist, erfolgt eine Sicherheitszeitabfrage (time out?) und vor Ablauf der Maximalzeit eine Rückschleifung zur neuen Leistungsermittlung.If the instantaneous active power, that is, the power output via the power supply output L ', N' is greater than the last determined active power value, a safety time query (time out?) And, before the expiration of the maximum time, a loopback to the new power determination.
Wenn die Leistung nicht mehr weiter ansteigt, also nicht mehr größer als der letzte Wert ist, wird die Leistung als Referenzwert gespeichert, so dass die Referenzierung abgeschlossen ist. In dieser Form wird also durch Anschluss einer neuen und funktionstüchtigen Lampe mit oder ohne Vorschaltgerät deren tatsächlich gemessene Dauerbetriebsleistung als Referenzwert gespeichert. Sollte wegen des erwähnten maximalen Zeitintervalls (time out) keine Referenzierung zustande kommen, erfolgt ein Fehlersignal, weil dann kein ordnungsgemäßer Lampenbetrieb erfolgt ist.If the power stops increasing, ie it is no longer greater than the last value, the power is stored as the reference value, so that the Referencing is completed. In this form, therefore, by connecting a new and functional lamp with or without ballast whose actually measured continuous operating power is stored as a reference value. If, due to the mentioned maximum time interval (time out), no referencing comes about, an error signal occurs, because then no proper lamp operation has taken place.
Der Zündvorgang erfolgt bei der eingekreisten Zahl "1", woraufhin die Lampenleistung bzw. der Lampenstrom mit der Zeit langsam ansteigen. Es handelt sich um das typische Anlaufverhalten einer Hochdruckentladungslampe, das hier vereinfacht dargestellt ist. Mit diesem Zeitpunkt "1" wird eine erste vorgegebene und je nach Lampentyp einstellbare Zeit tT gestartet.The ignition takes place at the circled number "1", whereupon the lamp power and the lamp current slowly increase over time. It is the typical start-up behavior of a high-pressure discharge lamp, which is shown here in simplified form. With this time "1", a first predetermined and adjustable depending on the lamp type time T T is started.
In einem denkbaren Fall fällt die Lampe zu dem mit "5" bezeichneten Zeitpunkt aus. Nach Ablauf der Zeit tT erfolgt eine Überprüfung durch den Mikrocontroller 14, ob der gemessene Wert ILast innerhalb des zulässigen Lastbereichs liegt, was hier im Fall C offensichtlich nicht der Fall ist. Nach Ablauf der Zeit tT erfolgt also eine Fehlermeldung, d. h. die Ausgabe eines digitalen Alarmsignals von dem Mikrocontroller 14 über die Leitung DALI TxD, die Schnittstelle 15 und den Steuereingang, der gleichzeitig einen Signalausgang darstellt.In a conceivable case, the lamp fails at the time designated by "5". After the time t T has elapsed, the
In anderen Fällen erfolgt ein normaler Anlaufbetrieb der Lampe, so dass zum Zeitpunkt "2" ein Leistungs- oder Stromschwellenwert, nämlich hier die untere Grenze des zulässigen Lastbereichs, überschritten wird. Mit diesem Zeitpunkt wird eine zweite einstellbare und vorgegebene Zeit tV gestartet, die deutlich früher abläuft als die bereits erwähnte Zeit tT. Bei Ablauf dieser Zeit tV, nämlich zum Zeitpunkt "3", prüft der Mikrocontroller 14, ob der tatsächlich gemessene Wert ILast in dem zulässigen Lastbereich liegt, was hier (abgesehen von dem soeben diskutierten Fall C) der Fall ist. Die Lampe bleibt mithin eingeschaltet.In other cases, there is a normal start-up operation of the lamp, so that at time "2" a power or current threshold, namely here the lower Limit of the permissible load range is exceeded. With this time, a second adjustable and predetermined time t V is started, which runs much earlier than the already mentioned time t T. On expiry of this time t V, namely, at time "3", the
Wenn nach einer gewissen Zeit zum Zeitpunkt "4", der noch vor Ablauf der Zeit tT liegt, die Lampe ausfällt (Fall B), so fällt der Lampenstrom oder die Lampenleistung ab und ergibt die bereits erwähnte Prüfung nach Ablauf der Zeit tT einen Wert außerhalb des zulässigen Lastbereichs und damit ein Ausschalten der Lampe wie schon für den Fall C beschrieben.If after a certain time at time "4", which is still before the expiration of time t T , the lamp fails (case B), the lamp current or the lamp power drops and gives the already mentioned test after the time t T a Value outside the permitted load range and thus switching off the lamp as already described for case C.
In einem weiteren Fall A funktioniert die Lampe weiter, so dass nach Ablauf der Zeit tT in Folge der Überwachung kein Ausschaltvorgang folgt. Wenn im weiteren Zeitverlauf die Lampe ausfallen würde, so würden zeitlich regelmäßige Abfragen des Mikrocontrollers 14 dies erfassen und wiederum zu einem Ausschalten und einem Alarmsignal führen. Diese Abfragen erfolgen in kurzen Zeitabständen und damit im Hinblick auf den Lampenbetrieb quasi kontinuierlich, und zwar mit Ablauf der Zeit tT beginnend.In a further case A, the lamp continues to operate, so that after the time t T as a result of monitoring no shutdown follows. If, in the further course of time, the lamp would fail, then periodic queries of the
Beide Zeiten tT und tV sind programmierbar und damit auf die angeschlossene Lampe bzw. das angeschlossene Vorschaltgerät mit Lampe anzupassen. Dies kann zum einen über entsprechende DALI-Befehle oder zum anderen über hier nicht dargestellte Einstellmöglichkeiten an der Vorrichtung 1 selbst erfolgen.Both times t T and t V are programmable and thus adapted to the connected lamp or the connected ballast with lamp. This can be done on the one hand via appropriate DALI commands or on the other not shown here on the
Claims (16)
- Apparatus (1) for switching a lamp (2, 3) on and off, having- a power supply input (L, N) and- a switched power supply output (L', N'),- the apparatus (1) being designed, in the switched-on state, to output a supply voltage entering at the power supply input (L, N) to the outside via the power supply output (L', N'), and- a digital control input (DALI), in response to which the power supply output (L', N') is switched,
characterized in that- the apparatus is designed, in the switched-on state, to output a supply voltage entering at the power supply input (L, N), unchanged in terms of amplitude and frequency, to the outside via the power supply output (L', N'), and- the apparatus has a load current monitoring device (12 - 14), which is designed to monitor the load current drawn via the power supply output (L', N') and to disconnect the power supply output (L', N') in the event of the load current falling below a minimum load current. - Apparatus (1) according to Claim 1, in which the load current monitoring device (12 - 14) is also designed, when monitoring the load current drawn via the power supply output (L', N'), to disconnect the apparatus (1) in the event of a maximum load current being exceeded.
- Apparatus (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the load current monitoring device (12 - 14) only begins to monitor the load current once a predetermined time (tT, tV) has elapsed after the lamp (2, 3) has been switched on.
- Apparatus (1) according to Claim 3, in which the predetermined time (tT) begins with starting of the lamp (2, 3).
- Apparatus (1) according to Claim 3 or 4, in which the predetermined time (tV) begins with a current threshold value being exceeded after starting of the lamp (2, 3).
- Apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims, having a short-circuit protection device (12 - 14) in addition to the load current monitoring device, which short-circuit protection device (12 - 14) is designed to monitor the load current drawn immediately after starting of the lamp (2, 3) and to disconnect the apparatus (1) in the event of a short-circuit threshold value being exceeded.
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, having an overtemperature protection device, which is designed to disconnect the lamp in the event of a temperature threshold value of a temperature measuring device integrated in the apparatus being exceeded.
- Apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims, having a switch-on current limiting device (12, 14), which is designed to limit the load current drawn once the lamp (2, 3) has been switched on by an impedance increase (12) in the apparatus (1).
- Apparatus (1) according to Claim 8, having an electronic switch (12) for switching the power supply output (L', N'), in which the switch-on current limiting device (12, 14) is designed to slowly switch the electronic switch (12) on in order to limit the load current drawn by the connected lamp (2, 3) by the increased internal resistance of the electronic switch (12) during the switch-on process.
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, having a signal device, which can be actuated by control signals at the digital control input in order to individualize the apparatus.
- Use of an apparatus (1) according to one of the preceding claims for operating a lamp (2, 3).
- Use according to Claim 11, in which the lamp (2, 3) is an incandescent lamp.
- Use according to Claim 11, in which the lamp (2, 3) is a discharge lamp having a non-digitally drivable ballast.
- Method for operating a lamp (2, 3) using an apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 - 10, in which the lamp (2, 3) is switched on by the power supply output (L', N') being switched on in response to a control signal which is input to the digital control input (DALI), the load current drawn via the power supply output (L', N') is monitored by the load current monitoring device (12 - 14), and the lamp (2, 3) is disconnected in the event of the load current falling below a minimum load current by the power supply output (L', N') being disconnected.
- A method for operating a lamp (2, 3) using an apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 - 10, in which the lamp (2, 3) is switched on by the power supply output (L', N') being switched on in response to a control signal which is input to the digital control input (DALI), the load current drawn via the power supply output (L', N') is monitored by the load current monitoring device (12 - 14), and the lamp (2, 3) is disconnected in the event of a maximum load current being exceeded by the power supply output (L', N') being disconnected.
- Method for operating a digitally controlled lighting installation having a plurality of digitally addressable operating devices for lamps, a plurality of lamps and a digital control device, which method includes the method according to Claim 14.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102005001767A DE102005001767A1 (en) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-01-13 | Device for controlled switching of a lamp, use of the device and corresponding operating method |
PCT/DE2005/002297 WO2006074630A1 (en) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-12-20 | Device for the controlled switching of a lamp, use of the device and corresponding operating method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1836881A1 EP1836881A1 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
EP1836881B1 true EP1836881B1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05850188A Active EP1836881B1 (en) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-12-20 | Device for the controlled switching of a lamp, use of the device and corresponding operating method |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7688004B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1836881B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101099414B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE484178T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005325009B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2593341A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102005001767A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006074630A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008083854A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-17 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Switching actuator for controlling the energy supply to electric consumers |
US8450875B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2013-05-28 | Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung | Apparatus and method for controlling electrical loads |
US8680969B2 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2014-03-25 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Method of confirming that a control device complies with a predefined protocol standard |
IT1400313B1 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2013-05-24 | Umpi R & D S R L | ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FOR DISTANCE DETECTION OF FAULTS LOCATED IN DISCHARGE LAMPS AND ITS PROCEDURE |
DE102010052663B4 (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2016-03-10 | Abb Ag | Transmission system for the transmission of data telegrams via a load line |
DE102011080500A1 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-07 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bus voltage supply with reduced power loss |
CN102625554B (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2014-01-29 | 浙江大学 | Distributed DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface) lighting control system and method thereof |
DE102014103527B3 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-04-30 | Vossloh-Schwabe Deutschland Gmbh | Operating control device and method for generating a status message |
DE102016002963A1 (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2017-09-14 | Bag Electronics Gmbh | Highly functional operating device |
DE102016214309A1 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-08 | Osram Gmbh | Operating device for operating a light source |
DE202018106059U1 (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-01-24 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | Central bus unit with power monitoring |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6366032B1 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2002-04-02 | Robertson Worldwide, Inc. | Fluorescent lamp ballast with integrated circuit |
JP2002141176A (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Lighting system, lighting control system, and home electric appliance |
ATE310330T1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2005-12-15 | Microchip Tech Inc | DEVICE FOR REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE OPERATIONAL STATE IN DALI |
JP2005006444A (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-01-06 | Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Ltd | Power supply device for illumination lamp |
JP2005080353A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-24 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | Power supply device for led |
-
2005
- 2005-01-13 DE DE102005001767A patent/DE102005001767A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-20 CN CN2005800465559A patent/CN101099414B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-20 DE DE502005010360T patent/DE502005010360D1/en active Active
- 2005-12-20 CA CA002593341A patent/CA2593341A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-20 AT AT05850188T patent/ATE484178T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-12-20 EP EP05850188A patent/EP1836881B1/en active Active
- 2005-12-20 US US11/794,725 patent/US7688004B2/en active Active
- 2005-12-20 AU AU2005325009A patent/AU2005325009B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-20 WO PCT/DE2005/002297 patent/WO2006074630A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101099414B (en) | 2013-01-30 |
DE502005010360D1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
CN101099414A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
US7688004B2 (en) | 2010-03-30 |
EP1836881A1 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
DE102005001767A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
WO2006074630A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
ATE484178T1 (en) | 2010-10-15 |
US20080042581A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
AU2005325009B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
CA2593341A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
AU2005325009A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
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