EP1834731A1 - Grinding disc, machine tool with grinding disc and process of grinding cutting tools - Google Patents
Grinding disc, machine tool with grinding disc and process of grinding cutting tools Download PDFInfo
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- EP1834731A1 EP1834731A1 EP06405116A EP06405116A EP1834731A1 EP 1834731 A1 EP1834731 A1 EP 1834731A1 EP 06405116 A EP06405116 A EP 06405116A EP 06405116 A EP06405116 A EP 06405116A EP 1834731 A1 EP1834731 A1 EP 1834731A1
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- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- grinding wheel
- roof sides
- ridge
- roof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/12—Dressing tools; Holders therefor
- B24B53/14—Dressing tools equipped with rotary rollers or cutters; Holders therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/36—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades
Definitions
- the invention relates to a grinding wheel, a machine tool and a method for grinding of cutting tools.
- Flap discs are generally not used for grinding cutting tools; they are typically used for paint stripping and rust removal.
- Cup wheels are designed as a straight truncated cone, being ground at the edge of the large base top.
- cup wheels with straight and oblique pot Both types of cup wheels have an inner recess.
- the cup wheel with oblique pot is designed as a hollow truncated cone inside.
- An abrasive coating is arranged at the base edge.
- the cup wheel with a straight pot is also hollow inside and thus has a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the abrasive coating is arranged on the end sides of the U-legs.
- Both disc types are rotationally symmetrical, the axis of symmetry being the axis of rotation.
- the grinding edge can have various shapes.
- a disadvantage of cup wheels is a long adjustment and a 180 ° rotation of the workpiece when sanding points must be grinded with each opposite on a cup wheel. Due to the disc geometry, a machining process is usually limited to the use of a single grinding wheel; Workpiece tension or machine parts would otherwise collide with the disk bodies.
- Peripheral disks also called circumferential disks
- An undercut is difficult to carry out due to the orientation of the abrasive coating to the disk body.
- Concave radii can only be ground up to a quarter circle at most.
- Profile discs have instead of a parallel to the axis of rotation extending, circumferential disc edge a conically converging disc edge with a rounded (toric) tip. Only with the torus profile is sanded, whereby a relief can be made. The life of the precise Torusprofils is very limited, a precise dressing of these discs is not possible on the grinding machine.
- a grinding pin is generally formed analogous to a milling cutter which can be clamped in a chuck, an abrasive coating being arranged instead of the milling cutters.
- the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for grinding of cutting tools, with or with the arbitrary concave and convex profiles can be ground with one and the same grinding wheel, wherein a dressing grinding a grinding wheel used for grinding already on the for Grinding the tool used machine tool should be possible.
- the circumference of the grinding wheel is designed as a circumferential ridge with converging on him, each having an abrasive coating roof sides.
- Concave radii of a surface contour area of the cutting tool are with the ridge and / or in each case with one of the roof sides and all convex contour areas are each sandable with one of the two sides of the roof.
- the convex surface contour areas could also be ground with the ridge; However, it is more precise and faster with one of the roof sides.
- the grinding wheel according to the invention can be characterized as a peripheral disk in which the peripheral side provided with an abrasive coating is no longer a circular cylinder jacket outer side, but now two peripheral sides, an angle in cross-section, analogous to a roof ridge converge.
- the abrasive wheel is coated with diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive material; Of course, other abrasive ingredients may be used within the scope of the invention.
- Cutting tools are mainly, but not limited to, profile exchangeable plates or profiled rotating tools.
- the symmetry axis of the grinding wheel is at the same time its axis of rotation.
- the grinding wheel will be formed as a double cone wheel (V-shaped grinding wheel), wherein both cone axes coincide and form the axis of rotation.
- the small area of each cone can now be a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation; it does not have to be.
- the two surfaces can be flat, with each other mirror-image or different curvature outwards or inwards formed.
- the thickness of the grinding wheel depends, apart from mechanical stability requirements, on the surface profile radii to be ground or on the depth and the width of the profile pockets of the tool to be ground.
- the Doppelkonusmantel vomit or roof sides will allow to converge at an angle smaller than 90 °, preferably you will choose this roof ridge angle typically with 60 °; Of course, smaller angles are possible, in particular select smaller 30 °.
- the Roof ridge angle is selected for collision reasons about 10 ° smaller than the smallest angle of concave surface contour areas to be ground. Within this limit, the angle is chosen as large as possible in order to obtain maximum stability.
- This stability includes, among other things, the mechanical stability of the grinding wheel and a geometrical stability of the roof ridge or of the torus resulting from wear.
- Sanding is now done with one of the roof sides (cone shell sides) and / or with the roof ridge (top). Thanks to the angular orientation of the sanding pad to the disk body and thanks to the slender disk geometry, an undercut can also be created. The grinding wheel thickness and the roof ridge angle determine how deep and how narrow an undercut can be made.
- the tip is usually very sharp after dressing. When sanded with it, it wears off and acts like a profile disc with a rounded tip. Although the sharp tip is used up quickly, it can also be produced again quickly with a dressing wheel already located on the same tool grinding machine. The slightly worn roof ridge is then torus-like with a very small torus radius. Because of this very small dimension deviations from a pointed geometry or the ideal torus in absolute measure are now very small and therefore tolerable. Compared to a profile grinding wheel, another grinding process is carried out with the grinding wheel according to the invention: not only with the tip, but also with the tip. H. mainly ground with the converging roof sides.
- the grinding wheels have a typical wheel diameter of 300 mm. This relatively large radius is chosen to be able to grind flat surfaces.
- any concave and convex profiles can be ground with the double-cone disk according to the invention, whereby concave radii with the point and straight lines in concave surface profiles of the cutting tool as well as all convex profiles with one of the two surfaces are ground.
- This very advantageous grinding technique remains on surfaces, as given in particular in pot or peripheral disk, received:
- the straight-disk profile of the double cone disk is easy to dress.
- the flat roof sides have a long service life in the grinding process and can be used to improve the surface quality oscillating.
- a grinding machine with such a double cone disk provides good workpiece accessibility, no problems with clamping devices and small machine paths.
- the assembly of the machine with several discs (for example coarse-grained for roughing and fine-grained for finishing) is possible without collision.
- the use of different discs for roughing results in a higher erosion performance and allows a more stable production process as a result of sparing the discs, in particular the slices.
- the discs must now be dressed less and less often. It can also be followed by polishing cuts in the same machining program, which only serve to improve the surface quality with minimal abrasion.
- the polishing process benefits from the grinding process proposed here, since fine-grain slices with grain sizes in the range of a few thousandths of a millimeter tolerate only the smallest of cuts. Very accurate wheel geometries and equally accurate tool geometries prior to the polishing operation are required.
- the grinding wheel 1 illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 as an exemplary embodiment of the subject invention has at the disc periphery (disc coat) formed as two sides of the roof pane edge sides 3a and 3b which converge towards a circumferential ridge. 5 In the ridge 5, the two roof sides 3a and 3b collide ⁇ at a first angle. The size of the ridge angle ⁇ depends on the surface contour to be ground. As a rule, ridge angle ⁇ is less than 90 °, typically 60 °.
- the roof sides 3a and 3b are covered with an abrasive coating 7a and 7b, respectively.
- a breakthrough 9 is present in order to attach the disc 1 on a mandrel of a grinding head, not shown, can.
- the grinding wheel 1 is rotationally symmetrical about its axis of rotation 10 .
- the axis of rotation 10 forms the axis of the aperture 9.
- a plane in which the circumferential roof ridge 5 lies also forms a plane of symmetry 12.
- the plane of symmetry 12 defines together with one of the roof sides 3a and 3b and one of the side surfaces 19a and 19b mentioned below a cone [19a-3a-12 and 19b-3b-12].
- the grinding wheel 1 can thus also be referred to as a double cone disk, the axis of rotation 10 being identical to the cone axes.
- FIGS. 4a to 4j show the respective relative position between a cutting work piece 11 to be ground and the grinding wheel 1 at different surface contour areas.
- FIG. 4 a shows how an approximately planar, straight-running surface contour region 13 can be ground with the roof side 3 b of the grinding wheel 1.
- the tool 11 to be ground will generally be moved. If a relief cut 14 having a concave surface contour, as indicated in FIG. 4 b, is to be ground, work is carried out with the roof ridge 5 of the grinding wheel 1 .
- a grinding of a now following straight or convex surface contour area 15, as shown in Figure 4c with the Roof side 3a ground.
- a convex edge 17 following the surface region 15 is further ground with the roof side 3a ( FIG. 4d ).
- the approximately flat surface area 18 following the edge 17 is further ground with the roof side 3a ( FIG. 4e ).
- the tool 11 is offset and with the same roof side 3 a a flat (or convexly curved) surface portion 20 ( Figure 4f ) ground.
- the relief section 21 having a concave surface area is made with the roof ridge 5 ( FIG. 4g ).
- the following approximately straight surface region 22 of the relief cut is then ground with the roof side 3b ( FIG. 4h ) and then also the edge 23 ( FIG. 4i ) which then follows.
- the already ground surface area 18 could be reground again with the roof side 3b in order to obtain a good transition from the edge 23 to the surface area 18 .
- the surface contour areas 14 and 15 as well as 21 and 22 represent a relief section.
- FIGS. 4f to 4j instead of carrying out the grinding process using FIGS. 4f to 4j on the basis of FIG. 4e , it can also take place in the reverse order on FIGS . 4j to 4f . It should be ensured as far as possible that a pulling processing takes place with the roof sides, so that as little as possible is worked with the roof ridge.
- a plurality of grinding wheels are generally used for grinding tools.
- a dressing wheel 30 is used, as indicated in FIG . Grinding wheel and one or more grinding wheels 1 are located on one and the same machine tool. That is, a dressing of the grinding wheels can be made without removing the grinding wheels from the machine tool, resulting in a large time gain.
- the grinding wheel can now be formed as shown in Figures 1 to 3 as a disc with mutually parallel side surfaces 19a and 19b .
- inwardly offset side surfaces may also be cambered or used flat and parallel to one another, as shown in a grinding wheel 32 shown in FIG .
- a base 34 of the roof sides 36a and 35b is wider than the thickness d of the grinding wheel 32.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schleifscheibe, eine Werkzeugmaschine und ein Verfahren zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen.The invention relates to a grinding wheel, a machine tool and a method for grinding of cutting tools.
Zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen wurden Topfscheiben, Profilscheiben, Peripheriescheiben und Schleifstifte verwendet. Lamellenschleifscheiben werden in der Regel nicht zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen verwendet; sie dienen typischerweise zum Entlacken und Entrosten.For grinding of cutting tools cup wheels, profiled disks, peripheral disks and grinding pins were used. Flap discs are generally not used for grinding cutting tools; they are typically used for paint stripping and rust removal.
Topfscheiben sind als gerader Kegelstumpf ausgebildet, wobei am Rand der grossen Basisoberseite geschliffen wird. Es gibt Topfscheiben mit geradem und schrägem Topf. Beide Topfscheibenarten haben eine innere Ausnehmung. Die Topfscheibe mit schrägem Topf ist als innen hohler Kegelstumpf ausgebildet. Ein Schleifbelag ist am Basisrand angeordnet. Die Topfscheibe mit geradem Topf ist ebenfalls innen hohl und hat somit einen U-förmigen Querschnitt, wobei der Schleifbelag an den Stirnseiten der U-Schenkel angeordnet ist. Beide Scheibenarten sind rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet, wobei die Symmetrieachse die Rotationsachse ist.Cup wheels are designed as a straight truncated cone, being ground at the edge of the large base top. There are cup wheels with straight and oblique pot. Both types of cup wheels have an inner recess. The cup wheel with oblique pot is designed as a hollow truncated cone inside. An abrasive coating is arranged at the base edge. The cup wheel with a straight pot is also hollow inside and thus has a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the abrasive coating is arranged on the end sides of the U-legs. Both disc types are rotationally symmetrical, the axis of symmetry being the axis of rotation.
Der Schleifrand kann diverse Formgebungen aufweisen. Nachteilig bei Topfscheiben ist ein langer Verstellweg und eine 180° Rotation des Werkstücks, wenn mit jeweils an einer Topfscheibe gegenüberliegenden Schleiforten geschliffen werden muss. Aufgrund der Scheibengeometrie wird ein Bearbeitungsprozess normalerweise auf die Verwendung einer einzigen Schleifscheibe begrenzt; Werkstück-Spannung oder Maschinenteile würden sonst mit den Scheibenkörpern kollidieren.The grinding edge can have various shapes. A disadvantage of cup wheels is a long adjustment and a 180 ° rotation of the workpiece when sanding points must be grinded with each opposite on a cup wheel. Due to the disc geometry, a machining process is usually limited to the use of a single grinding wheel; Workpiece tension or machine parts would otherwise collide with the disk bodies.
Peripheriescheiben, auch Umfangscheiben genannt, können als Scheiben mit einem zur Drehachse parallel angeordneten, umlaufenden Schleifbelag ausgebildet sein. Ein Hinterschliff ist aufgrund der Orientierung des Schleifbelags zum Scheibenkörper schwer durchführbar. Konkave Radien können maximal nur bis zum Viertelkreis geschliffen werden.Peripheral disks, also called circumferential disks, can be designed as disks with a circumferential abrasive coating arranged parallel to the axis of rotation. An undercut is difficult to carry out due to the orientation of the abrasive coating to the disk body. Concave radii can only be ground up to a quarter circle at most.
Profilscheiben haben anstelle eines parallel zur Drehachse verlaufenden, umlaufenden Scheibenrands einen konisch zusammenlaufenden Scheibenrand mit einer abgerundeten (torischen) Spitze. Nur mit dem Torusprofil wird geschliffen, wobei auch ein Hinterschliff vorgenommen werden kann. Der Standweg des präzisen Torusprofils ist sehr begrenzt, ein präzises Abrichten dieser Scheiben ist nicht auf der schleifenden Maschine möglich.Profile discs have instead of a parallel to the axis of rotation extending, circumferential disc edge a conically converging disc edge with a rounded (toric) tip. Only with the torus profile is sanded, whereby a relief can be made. The life of the precise Torusprofils is very limited, a precise dressing of these discs is not possible on the grinding machine.
Ein Schleifstift ist in der Regel analog zu einem in ein Futter einspannbaren Fräser ausgebildet, wobei anstelle der Fräserschneiden ein Schleifbelag angeordnet ist.A grinding pin is generally formed analogous to a milling cutter which can be clamped in a chuck, an abrasive coating being arranged instead of the milling cutters.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen zu schaffen, mit der bzw. mit dem beliebige konkave und konvexe Profile mit ein und derselben Schleifscheibe geschliffen werden können, wobei ein Abrichtschleifen einer zum Schleifen verwendeten Schleifscheibe bereits auf der zum Schleifen des Werkzeugs verwendeten Werkzeugmaschine möglich sein soll.The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for grinding of cutting tools, with or with the arbitrary concave and convex profiles can be ground with one and the same grinding wheel, wherein a dressing grinding a grinding wheel used for grinding already on the for Grinding the tool used machine tool should be possible.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 betreffend einer Schleifscheibe, durch die Merkmale von Patentanspruch 4 betreffend einer Werkzeugmaschine mit einer derartigen Schleifscheibe und durch die Merkmale von Patentanspruch 9 betreffend einem Schleifverfahren. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich durch die Merkmale der abhängigen Patentansprüche.The object is achieved by the features of
Bei einer Schleifscheibe gemäss der Erfindung zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen ist der Umfang der Schleifscheibe als umlaufenden First mit auf ihn zusammenlaufenden, je einen Schleifbelag aufweisenden Dachseiten ausgebildet. Konkave Radien eines Oberflächenkonturbereichs des Zerspanungswerkzeugs sind mit dem First und/oder jeweils mit einer der Dachseiten und alle konvexen Konturbereiche sind mit jeweils einer der beiden Dachseiten schleifbar. Selbstverständlich könnten die konvex ausgebildeten Oberflächenkonturbereiche auch mit dem First geschliffen werden; präziser und schneller geht es jedoch mit jeweils einer der Dachseiten. Die erfindungsgemässe Schleifscheibe kann als eine Umfangscheibe gekennzeichnet werden, bei der die mit einem Schleifbelag versehene Umfangseite nicht mehr eine Kreiszylindermantelaussenseite ist, sondern nun zwei Umfangseiten, im Querschnitt einen Winkel einschliessend, analog zu einem Dachfirst, zusammenlaufen.In a grinding wheel according to the invention for grinding of cutting tools, the circumference of the grinding wheel is designed as a circumferential ridge with converging on him, each having an abrasive coating roof sides. Concave radii of a surface contour area of the cutting tool are with the ridge and / or in each case with one of the roof sides and all convex contour areas are each sandable with one of the two sides of the roof. Of course, the convex surface contour areas could also be ground with the ridge; However, it is more precise and faster with one of the roof sides. The grinding wheel according to the invention can be characterized as a peripheral disk in which the peripheral side provided with an abrasive coating is no longer a circular cylinder jacket outer side, but now two peripheral sides, an angle in cross-section, analogous to a roof ridge converge.
Typischerweise ist die Schleifscheibe mit Diamant oder kubischem Bornitrid als Schleifwirkstoff beschichtet; andere Schleifwirkstoffe können selbstverständlich im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendet werden. Zerspanungswerkzeuge sind hauptsächlich, aber nicht einschränkend, Profil-Wechselplatten oder profilierte rotierende Werkzeuge.Typically, the abrasive wheel is coated with diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive material; Of course, other abrasive ingredients may be used within the scope of the invention. Cutting tools are mainly, but not limited to, profile exchangeable plates or profiled rotating tools.
Die Symmetrieachse der Schleifscheibe ist gleichzeitig deren Rotationsachse. Vorzugsweise wird man die Schleifscheibe als Doppelkonusscheibe (V-shaped grinding wheel) ausbilden, wobei beide Konusachsen zusammenfallen und die Rotationsachse bilden. Die kleine Fläche jedes Konusses kann nun eine zur Rotationsachse senkrecht verlaufende Ebene sein; muss es aber nicht. Die beiden Flächen können eben, mit zueinander spiegelbildlicher oder unterschiedlicher Wölbung nach aussen oder nach innen ausgebildet sein.The symmetry axis of the grinding wheel is at the same time its axis of rotation. Preferably, the grinding wheel will be formed as a double cone wheel (V-shaped grinding wheel), wherein both cone axes coincide and form the axis of rotation. The small area of each cone can now be a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation; it does not have to be. The two surfaces can be flat, with each other mirror-image or different curvature outwards or inwards formed.
Die Dicke der Schleifscheibe richtet sich, abgesehen von mechanischen Stabilitätsanforderungen, nach den zu schleifenden Oberflächenprofilradien bzw. nach der Tiefe und der Breite der Profiltaschen des zu schleifenden Werkzeuges. Die Doppelkonusmantelflächen bzw. Dachseiten wird man mit einem Winkel kleiner 90° zusammenlaufen lassen, bevorzugt wird man diesen Dachfirstwinkel typischerweise mit 60° wählen; selbstverständlich sind auch kleinere Winkel möglich, insbesondere kleiner 30° wählen. Der Dachfirstwinkel wird aus Kollisionsgründen ca. 10° kleiner gewählt als der kleinste Winkel von zu schleifenden konkaven Oberflächenkonturbereichen. Innerhalb dieser Grenze wird der Winkel, um eine maximalen Stabilität zu erhalten, möglichst gross gewählt. Unter diese Stabilität fällt u.a. die mechanische Stabilität der Schleifscheibe und eine geometrische Stabilität des Dachfirsts bzw. des nach einer Abnutzung entstandenen Torus'. Geschliffen wird nun mit jeweils einer der Dachseiten (Konusmantelseiten) und/oder mit dem Dachfirst (Spitze). Dank der winkligen Orientierung des Schleifbelags zum Scheibenkörper und dank der schlanken Scheibengeometrie kann auch ein Hinterschliff erzeugt werden. Die Schleifscheibendicke und der Dachfirstwinkel bestimmen, wie tief und wie schmal ein Hinterschliff ausgeführt werden kann.The thickness of the grinding wheel depends, apart from mechanical stability requirements, on the surface profile radii to be ground or on the depth and the width of the profile pockets of the tool to be ground. The Doppelkonusmantelflächen or roof sides will allow to converge at an angle smaller than 90 °, preferably you will choose this roof ridge angle typically with 60 °; Of course, smaller angles are possible, in particular select smaller 30 °. Of the Roof ridge angle is selected for collision reasons about 10 ° smaller than the smallest angle of concave surface contour areas to be ground. Within this limit, the angle is chosen as large as possible in order to obtain maximum stability. This stability includes, among other things, the mechanical stability of the grinding wheel and a geometrical stability of the roof ridge or of the torus resulting from wear. Sanding is now done with one of the roof sides (cone shell sides) and / or with the roof ridge (top). Thanks to the angular orientation of the sanding pad to the disk body and thanks to the slender disk geometry, an undercut can also be created. The grinding wheel thickness and the roof ridge angle determine how deep and how narrow an undercut can be made.
Ein Abrichten ist sehr einfach, da nur die Dachseiten, in der Regel eben, bearbeitet werden müssen.Dressing is very easy, since only the roof sides, usually flat, must be processed.
Die Spitze ist in der Regel nach dem Abrichten sehr scharf. Wenn mit ihr geschliffen wird, nützt sie sich ab und wirkt dann wie eine Profilscheibe mit abgerundeter Spitze. Die scharfe Spitze nützt sich zwar schnell ab, kann aber ebenso schnell wieder mit einer bereits auf derselben Werkzeugschleifmaschine sich befindenden Abrichtschleifscheibe erzeugt werden. Der leicht abgenutzte Dachfirst ist dann Torus-ähnlich mit einem sehr kleinen Torusradius. Aufgrund dieser sehr kleinen Dimension sind nun Abweichungen von einer spitzen Geometrie oder vom idealen Torus im Absolutmass sehr klein und somit tolerierbar. Gegenüber einer Profilschleifscheibe wird mit der erfindungsgemässen Schleifscheibe ein anderer Schleifvorgang durchgeführt: Es wird nicht nur mit der Spitze, sondern auch, d. h. hauptsächlich, mit den zusammenlaufenden Dachseiten geschliffen.The tip is usually very sharp after dressing. When sanded with it, it wears off and acts like a profile disc with a rounded tip. Although the sharp tip is used up quickly, it can also be produced again quickly with a dressing wheel already located on the same tool grinding machine. The slightly worn roof ridge is then torus-like with a very small torus radius. Because of this very small dimension deviations from a pointed geometry or the ideal torus in absolute measure are now very small and therefore tolerable. Compared to a profile grinding wheel, another grinding process is carried out with the grinding wheel according to the invention: not only with the tip, but also with the tip. H. mainly ground with the converging roof sides.
Die Schleifscheiben haben einen typischen Scheibendurchmesser von 300 mm. Dieser verhältnismässig grosse Radius wird gewählt, um ebene Flächen schleifen zu können.The grinding wheels have a typical wheel diameter of 300 mm. This relatively large radius is chosen to be able to grind flat surfaces.
Schleifen und Abrichten können in vorteilhafter Weise auf ein und derselben Maschine durchgeführt werden.Grinding and dressing can be performed advantageously on one and the same machine.
Typischerweise wird man nicht nur eine dieser Schleifscheiben in einer Werkzeugschleifmaschine anordnen, sondern mehrere.Typically, not only one of these grinding wheels will be arranged in one tool grinding machine, but several.
Es können beliebige konkave und konvexe Profile mit der erfindungsgemässen Doppelkonusscheibe geschliffen werden, wobei konkave Radien mit der Spitze und Geraden in konkaven Oberflächenprofilen des Zerspanungswerkzeuges sowie alle konvexen Profile mit einer der beiden Flächen geschliffen werden. Diese sehr vorteilhafte Schleiftechnik an Flächen bleibt, wie sie insbesondere bei Topf- oder Peripheriescheibe gegeben ist, erhalten: Das geradlinige Scheibenprofil der Doppelkonusscheibe ist einfach abzurichten. Die flächigen Dachseiten haben eine lange Standzeit im Schleifprozess und können zur Verbesserung der Oberflächengüte pendelnd eingesetzt werden.Any concave and convex profiles can be ground with the double-cone disk according to the invention, whereby concave radii with the point and straight lines in concave surface profiles of the cutting tool as well as all convex profiles with one of the two surfaces are ground. This very advantageous grinding technique remains on surfaces, as given in particular in pot or peripheral disk, received: The straight-disk profile of the double cone disk is easy to dress. The flat roof sides have a long service life in the grinding process and can be used to improve the surface quality oscillating.
Eine Schleifmaschine mit einer derartigen Doppelkonusscheibe ergibt eine gute Werkstückzugänglichkeit, keine Probleme mit Spannmitteln und kleine Maschinenwege. Die Bestückung der Maschine mit mehreren Scheiben (z.B. grobkörnige fürs Schruppen und feinkörnige fürs Schlichten) ist kollisionsfrei möglich. Die Verwendung von unterschiedlichen Scheiben zum Schruppen ergeben eine höhere Abtragungsleistung und erlauben einen stabileren Produktionsprozess infolge einer Schonung der Scheiben, insbesondere der Schichtscheiben. Die Scheiben müssen nun weniger und seltener abgerichtet werden. Es können zudem Polierschliffe im gleichen Bearbeitungsprogramm nachgeschaltet werden, die bei kleinstem Abtrag nur noch zur Verbesserung der Oberflächengüte dienen. Das Polierschleifen profitiert hierbei vom hier vorgeschlagenen Schleifverfahren, da Feinkornscheiben mit Korngrössen im Bereich weniger Tausendstelmillimeter nur geringste Abträge tolerieren. Sehr genaue Scheibengeometrien und ebenso genaue Werkzeuggeometrien vor der Polieroperation sind Bedingung.A grinding machine with such a double cone disk provides good workpiece accessibility, no problems with clamping devices and small machine paths. The assembly of the machine with several discs (for example coarse-grained for roughing and fine-grained for finishing) is possible without collision. The use of different discs for roughing results in a higher erosion performance and allows a more stable production process as a result of sparing the discs, in particular the slices. The discs must now be dressed less and less often. It can also be followed by polishing cuts in the same machining program, which only serve to improve the surface quality with minimal abrasion. The polishing process benefits from the grinding process proposed here, since fine-grain slices with grain sizes in the range of a few thousandths of a millimeter tolerate only the smallest of cuts. Very accurate wheel geometries and equally accurate tool geometries prior to the polishing operation are required.
Aus der nachfolgenden Detailbeschreibung und der Gesamtheit der Patentansprüche ergeben sich weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und Merkmalskombinationen der Erfindung.From the following detailed description and the totality of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and feature combinations of the invention result.
Die zur Erläuterung der Ausführungsbeispiele verwendeten Zeichnungen zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemässen Schleifscheibe,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die in
Figur 1 dargestellte Schleifscheibe, - Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht der in
Figur 1 dargestellten Schleifscheibe, - Fig. 4a - 4j
- schematische Darstellung zum Schleifen von unterschiedlichen Oberflächenprofilen eines Zerspanwerkzeuges mit der in
den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Schleifscheibe, - Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung für ein Abrichtschleifen einer Schleifscheibe mit einer Abrichtscheibe, welche auf derselben Werkzeugmaschine, wie die Werkzeug schleifenden Schleifscheiben angeordnet ist und
- Fig. 6
- eine Variante zu der in
den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Schleifscheibe.
- Fig. 1
- a cross section through an embodiment of the inventive grinding wheel,
- Fig. 2
- a top view of the grinding wheel shown in Figure 1 ,
- Fig. 3
- a side view of the grinding wheel shown in Figure 1 ,
- Fig. 4a - 4j
- schematic representation for grinding different surface profiles of a cutting tool with the grinding wheel shown in Figures 1 to 3 ,
- Fig. 5
- a schematic representation of a dressing grinding a grinding wheel with a dressing wheel, which is arranged on the same machine tool as the tool grinding grinding wheels and
- Fig. 6
- a variant of the grinding wheel shown in Figures 1 to 3 .
Grundsätzlich sind in den Figuren gleiche Teile und Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Basically, the same parts and elements are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.
Die in den Figuren 1 bis 3 als Ausführungsbeispiel für den Erfindungsgegenstand dargestellte Schleifscheibe 1 hat am Scheibenumfang (Scheibenmantel) zwei als Dachseiten ausgebildete Scheibenrandseiten 3a und 3b, welche zu einem umlaufenden First 5 zusammenlaufen. Im First 5 stossen die beiden Dachseiten 3a und 3b unter einem Firstwinkel α zusammen. Die Grösse des Firstwinkels α richtet sich nach der zu schleifenden Oberflächenkontur. In der Regel ist Firstwinkel α kleiner 90°, typischerweise 60°. Die Dachseiten 3a und 3b sind mit einem Schleifbelag 7a bzw. 7b belegt. Im Zentrum der Schleifscheibe 1 ist ein Durchbruch 9 vorhanden, um die Scheibe 1 auf einem nicht dargestellten Dorn eines Schleifkopfes aufstecken zu können.The
Die Schleifscheibe 1 ist zu ihrer Rotationsachse 10 rotationssymmetrisch aufgebaut. Die Rotationsachse 10 bildet die Achse des Durchbruchs 9. Eine Ebene, in der der umlaufende Dachfirst 5 liegt bildet ebenfalls eine Symmetrieebene 12. Die Symmetrieebene 12 definiert zusammen mit jeweils einer der Dachseiten 3a bzw. 3b und einer der unten erwähnten Seitenflächen 19a bzw. 19b einen Konus [19a-3a-12 bzw. 19b-3b-12]. Die Schleifscheibe 1 kann somit auch als Doppelkonusscheibe bezeichnet werden, wobei die Rotationsachse 10 identisch mit den Konusachsen ist.The
In den Figuren 4a bis 4j ist die jeweilige relative Lage zwischen einem zu schleifenden Zerspanungswerkstück 11 und der Schleifscheibe 1 an unterschiedlichen Oberflächenkonturbereichen dargestellt. In Figur 4a ist gezeigt, wie ein annähernd ebener, gerade verlaufender Oberflächenkonturbereich 13 mit der Dachseite 3b der Schleifscheibe 1 geschliffen werden kann. Zum Schleifen von Oberflächenkonturen wird man in der Regel das zu schleifende Werkzeug 11 bewegen. Soll ein Hinterschliff 14 mit einer konkaven Oberflächenkontur, wie in Figur 4b angedeutet, geschliffen werden, wird mit dem Dachfirst 5 der Schleifscheibe 1 gearbeitet. Ein Schleifen eines nun folgenden geraden oder konvexen Oberflächenkonturbereichs 15, wie in Figur 4c dargestellt, wird mit der Dachseite 3a geschliffen. Eine auf den Oberflächenbereich 15 folgende konvexe Kante 17 wird weiterhin mit der Dachseite 3a geschliffen (Figur 4d). Der auf die Kante 17 folgende annähernd ebene Oberflächenbereich 18 wird weiterhin mit der Dachseite 3a geschliffen (Figur 4e). Nach dem Schleifen des Oberflächenbereiches 18 wird das Werkzeug 11 versetzt und mit derselben Dachseite 3a ein ebener (oder konvex gewölbter) Oberflächenbereich 20 (Figur 4f) geschliffen. Nach einer leichten Drehung des Werkzeugs 11 wird der einen konkaven Oberflächenbereich aufweisende Hinterschliff 21 mit dem Dachfirst 5 vorgenommen (Figur 4g). Der nun folgende annähernd gerade Oberflächenbereich 22 des Hinterschliffs wird mit der Dachseite 3b (Figur 4h) sowie danach auch die dann folgende Kante 23 (Figur 4i) geschliffen. Der bereits geschliffene Oberflächenbereich 18 könnte, wie in Figur 4j dargestellt, noch einmal mit der Dachseite 3b nachgeschliffen werden, um einen guten Übergang von der Kante 23 zum Oberflächenbereich 18 zu erhalten. Die Oberflächenkonturbereiche 14 und 15 sowie 21 und 22 stellen eine Hinterschliffpartie dar. FIGS. 4a to 4j show the respective relative position between a cutting
Anstatt ausgehend von Figur 4e den Schleifvorgang über die Figuren 4f bis 4j vorzunehmen, kann er auch in umgekehrter Reihenfolge über die Figuren 4j bis 4f erfolgen. Es sollte möglichst darauf geachtet werden, dass eine ziehende Bearbeitung mit den Dachseiten erfolgt, so dass möglichst wenig mit dem Dachfirst gearbeitet wird.Instead of carrying out the grinding process using FIGS. 4f to 4j on the basis of FIG. 4e , it can also take place in the reverse order on FIGS . 4j to 4f . It should be ensured as far as possible that a pulling processing takes place with the roof sides, so that as little as possible is worked with the roof ridge.
Auf einer Werkzeugmaschine werden in der Regel mehrere Schleifscheiben zum Schleifen von Werkzeugen eingesetzt. Um die Schleifscheibe 1 abzurichten, d.h. die Dachseiten nach einem längeren Schleifeinsatz eben zu schleifen und den Dachfirst zu schärfen, wird , wie in Figur 5 angedeutet, eine Abrichtschleifscheibe 30 verwendet. Anrichtschleifscheibe und ein oder mehrere Schleifscheiben 1 befinden sich auf ein und derselben Werkzeugmaschine. D.h. ein Abrichten der Schleifscheiben kann vorgenommen werden, ohne die Schleifscheiben aus der Werkzeugmaschine zu entfernen, was einen grossen Zeitgewinn ergibt.On a machine tool, a plurality of grinding wheels are generally used for grinding tools. In order to finish the
Die Schleifscheibe kann nun wie in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellt als Scheibe mit zueinander parallelen Seitenflächen 19a und 19b ausgebildet sein. Es können aber auch neben nach aussen leicht bombierten Seitenflächen, wie eingangs erwähnt, auch nach innen versetzte Seitenflächen bombiert oder eben und parallel zueinander, wie bei einer in Figur 6 dargestellten Schleifscheibe 32 gezeigt, verwendet werden. Bei der Schleifscheibe 32 ist eine Basis 34 der Dachseiten 36a und 35b breiter als die Dicke d der Schleifscheibe 32. Ein Vorteil dieser Schleifscheibe 32 gegenüber der Schleifscheibe 1 sind die kleinere Abmessung und damit eine kleiner Masse, welche schnelle Änderungen der Rotationsfrequenz zulässt. Um jedoch eine gleichförmige Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit während des Schleifens zu erreichen, sind jedoch aufgrund der geringeren Masse höhere Anforderung an eine Geschwindigkeitsregelung und Konstanthaltung vonnöten.The grinding wheel can now be formed as shown in Figures 1 to 3 as a disc with mutually
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502006006932T DE502006006932D1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Method of grinding cutting tools |
EP06405116A EP1834731B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Process of grinding cutting tools |
AT06405116T ATE467482T1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | METHOD FOR GRINDING CUTTING TOOLS |
JP2007066000A JP2007245337A (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-15 | Grinding wheel, machine tool with grinding wheel and method for grinding cutting tools |
US11/724,258 US20070232202A1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-15 | Grinding wheel, machine tool with grinding wheel and a method for grinding cutting tools |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06405116A EP1834731B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Process of grinding cutting tools |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1834731A1 true EP1834731A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
EP1834731B1 EP1834731B1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
Family
ID=36581798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP06405116A Not-in-force EP1834731B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Process of grinding cutting tools |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20070232202A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1834731B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007245337A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE467482T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502006006932D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7451013B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2008-11-11 | Surfware, Inc. | Engagement milling |
GB2479993B (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2012-03-14 | Irwin Ind Tool Co | Method and apparatus for making a cutting tool |
JP5615053B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2014-10-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of total cutter and grinding tool for total cutter |
WO2015061353A1 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-30 | Nyansa, Inc. | A system and method for observing and controlling a programmable network using a remote network manager |
US9969058B2 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2018-05-15 | United Technologies Corporation | System and method for contoured peel grinding |
GB201516019D0 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-10-28 | Rolls Royce Plc | Apparatus, methods, computer programs and non-transitory computer readable storage mediums for machining objects |
US10193741B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-01-29 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for network incident identification and analysis |
US10200267B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-02-05 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for client network congestion detection, analysis, and management |
US10230609B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-03-12 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for using real-time packet data to detect and manage network issues |
CN106112134B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-12-22 | 无锡市东赫金属制品有限公司 | A kind of automobile gear sander with fine adjustment function |
CN107065768B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-05-31 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Impeller Machining cutter path global optimization method |
CN106944885A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-14 | 周俭生 | The mill glue knife system of vertical plain grinding |
US10666494B2 (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2020-05-26 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for network incident remediation recommendations |
CN114248076A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-29 | 苏州群凯利精工股份有限公司 | Right-angle machining method for improved tool opening corner |
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US4813188A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1989-03-21 | Buderus Aktiengesellschaft | Method of shaping workpieces especially forming undercut archimedean spirals |
US5624301A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1997-04-29 | Niles Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Berlin | Method and mechanism for the grinding of groove-shaped external profiles on work pieces |
EP1034883A1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-13 | Nippei Toyama Corporation | Wafer, apparatus and method of chamfering wafer |
US6234880B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2001-05-22 | Reishauer Ag | Device and method for profiling grinding worms |
US6491568B1 (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2002-12-10 | Reishauer Ag | Profiling methods and apparatus for generation of modified grinding worms |
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US1725246A (en) * | 1924-07-19 | 1929-08-20 | Bath John | Method of making thread dies |
US2144987A (en) * | 1936-08-20 | 1939-01-24 | Frank P Miller | Method for making cutter blades |
JPH07323420A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1995-12-12 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | Manufacture of wafers and device thereof |
JP3731224B2 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 2006-01-05 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Grinding wheel forming apparatus and method |
DE19624842C2 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2000-08-10 | Reishauer Ag | Method for the flexible profiling of grinding worms, a profiling tool and a device for carrying out the method |
-
2006
- 2006-03-15 DE DE502006006932T patent/DE502006006932D1/en active Active
- 2006-03-15 AT AT06405116T patent/ATE467482T1/en active
- 2006-03-15 EP EP06405116A patent/EP1834731B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2007
- 2007-03-15 JP JP2007066000A patent/JP2007245337A/en active Pending
- 2007-03-15 US US11/724,258 patent/US20070232202A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4813188A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1989-03-21 | Buderus Aktiengesellschaft | Method of shaping workpieces especially forming undercut archimedean spirals |
US5624301A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1997-04-29 | Niles Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Berlin | Method and mechanism for the grinding of groove-shaped external profiles on work pieces |
US6491568B1 (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2002-12-10 | Reishauer Ag | Profiling methods and apparatus for generation of modified grinding worms |
EP1034883A1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-13 | Nippei Toyama Corporation | Wafer, apparatus and method of chamfering wafer |
US6234880B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2001-05-22 | Reishauer Ag | Device and method for profiling grinding worms |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1834731B1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
DE502006006932D1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
JP2007245337A (en) | 2007-09-27 |
ATE467482T1 (en) | 2010-05-15 |
US20070232202A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
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