EP1834087A2 - Diffuser-augmented wind turbine - Google Patents

Diffuser-augmented wind turbine

Info

Publication number
EP1834087A2
EP1834087A2 EP04814763A EP04814763A EP1834087A2 EP 1834087 A2 EP1834087 A2 EP 1834087A2 EP 04814763 A EP04814763 A EP 04814763A EP 04814763 A EP04814763 A EP 04814763A EP 1834087 A2 EP1834087 A2 EP 1834087A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
assembly
drum
diffuser
rotor
rotor drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04814763A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1834087A4 (en
Inventor
Clement Hiel
George J. Korzeniowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
4 Power
Original Assignee
Composite Support and Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Composite Support and Solutions Inc filed Critical Composite Support and Solutions Inc
Publication of EP1834087A2 publication Critical patent/EP1834087A2/en
Publication of EP1834087A4 publication Critical patent/EP1834087A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • Wind turbines are in widespread use for the generation of electrical energy.
  • a multi-blade turbine is rotatably mounted on a support such as a pole or tower to be driven by surface winds, the turbine in turn driving an electrical generator coupled, for example, to electrical utility lines.
  • the turbine can be rotated about a vertical axis of the pole or tower to compensate for shifts in wind direction.
  • the improvement of this invention relates to integration of the turbine blades with a surrounding hollow cylindrical-shell rotor drum, the drum in turn being rotatably supported within a central part of the surrounding diffuser.
  • a central hub and supporting shaft for the turbine blades is eliminated, and blade stiffness is significantly increased.
  • the blades and rotor drum can be cast, or injection molded in a single manufacturing step.
  • a diffuser-augmented wind turbine for generating electrical power, and having a diffuser outer-housing shell with a cylindrical portion rotatably supporting a rotor drum having an inner surface rigidly supporting a plurality of turbine blades, the rotor drum being in driving engagement with a rotatable electrical generator.
  • the device can also be operated in reverse as a wind-generating fan by supplying electrical energy to the generator to act as a motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pole-mounted wind-turbine assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of a blade and rotor-drum assembly
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the turbine assembly
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the turbine assembly shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but showing a side-mounted belt-driven electrical generator
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment using inlet guide vanes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 shows a diff user- augmented wind- turbine assembly 10 according to the invention, and rotatably mounted on a conventional support pole 11 so it can be moved by a fin 12 to compensate for shifting wind directions.
  • the assembly has an outer diffuser shell 15, within which can be seen a blade and rotor-drum assembly 16 as described in greater detail below.
  • FIG. 2 shows assembly 16 in greater detail, and as having an outer cylindrical rotor drum 18, with turbine blades 19 extending radially therein, and preferably integrally formed with the rotor drum.
  • the assembly can be cast or of welded construction if made of metal (e.g., aluminum), or integrally injected molded if made from a composite material strengthened by glass, carbon, or similar reinforcing fibers. Though six blades are shown, the number of blades can be selected by the designer. Multiple blades, such as five or six, are preferred as they improve turbine efficiency, as well as increasing the rigidity of assembly 16. Turbine-blade strength and stiffness is significantly increased by the fixed support of the blades on the drum. The assembly is stable and balanced, and can be safely operated at high wind speeds encountered in storm conditions.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional side elevation of one embodiment of assembly 10, and shows assembly 16 as rotatably mounted within diffuser shell 15.
  • the diffuser shell is preferably molded from a strong composite material, and has an outwardly divergent section 21 which merges with outwardly stepped ring-shaped inner and outer cylindrical support sections 22 and 23.
  • An end portion 24 of the diffuser shell is separately formed, and is rigidly secured to a more forward part of the diffuser shell after the blade and rotor drum is fitted therein.
  • the outlet end of the diffuser shell may be made more divergent to optimize aerodynamic conditions.
  • a pair of spaced-apart ring-shaped bearings 26 have outer races secured to the inner surface of support section 22, and inner races secured to the outer surface of the rotor drum, thereby rotatably mounting assembly 16 within the diffuser shell.
  • the absence of any clearance between the blade tips and the rotor drum (which forms a cylindrical part of the diffuser) is another feature eliminating tip losses, and producing high turbine efficiency.
  • Magnetic bearings can also be used to augment bearings 26 for lower friction at high rotational speeds
  • FIG. 3, and the exploded view of FIG. 4 positions the components of an electrical generator assembly 28 cylindrically around the rotor drum. These components include a cylindrical assembly 29 of permanent magnets secured to the outer surface of the rotor drum to rotate therewith. Slightly outwardly spaced from the magnet assembly is a cylindrical assembly 30 of stator coils secured to a support ring 31 which is in turn rigidly secured to the inner surface of support section 23.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment using a conventional drum-shaped electrical generator 33 secured at one side of support section 23.
  • Generator 33 is driven by a flexible timing belt 34 engaged with a toothed wheel on the generator, and extending around a cylindrically toothed section of the rotor drum.
  • FIG. 6 shows another alternative embodiment using an assembly 35 of stator vanes or inlet guide vanes secured within the inner end of outwardly divergent section 21 of the diffuser shell.
  • the use of such vanes is a known technique enabling use of fixed-pitch turbine blades, but with the advantages of more complex variable-pitch blades.
  • the diffuser shell can also be lined with a sound-absorbing material for noise reduction during turbine operation.
  • wind-turbine assembly examples include "reverse" operation as a wind-generating fan, by applying electrical energy to the generator which then acts as a motor to rotate the blades.
  • Another application involves adding blades to the outside of the rotor drum which is appropriately sealed to act as a wind-driven water pump, air compressor, or fan.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A diffuser-augmented wind-turbine assembly in which the diffuser has a cylindrical central section rotatably supporting a rotor drum which in turn supports turbine blades without requiring a central support shaft. Wind energy drives the turbine blades and rotor drum, which in turn drive a generator of electrical power.

Description

DIFFUSER-AUGMENTED WIND TURBINE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Wind turbines are in widespread use for the generation of electrical energy. In a typical form, a multi-blade turbine is rotatably mounted on a support such as a pole or tower to be driven by surface winds, the turbine in turn driving an electrical generator coupled, for example, to electrical utility lines. The turbine can be rotated about a vertical axis of the pole or tower to compensate for shifts in wind direction.
The use of diffusers with wind turbines is also known, the objective being to increase the efficiency of converting wind energy to electrical energy. Such known diffusers are typically mounted on the support tower, and a shaft-mounted turbine rotates within the diffuser. Such an arrangement is disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,075,500, which, for brevity, is incorporated herein by reference.
The improvement of this invention relates to integration of the turbine blades with a surrounding hollow cylindrical-shell rotor drum, the drum in turn being rotatably supported within a central part of the surrounding diffuser. A central hub and supporting shaft for the turbine blades is eliminated, and blade stiffness is significantly increased. The blades and rotor drum can be cast, or injection molded in a single manufacturing step.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A diffuser-augmented wind turbine for generating electrical power, and having a diffuser outer-housing shell with a cylindrical portion rotatably supporting a rotor drum having an inner surface rigidly supporting a plurality of turbine blades, the rotor drum being in driving engagement with a rotatable electrical generator. The device can also be operated in reverse as a wind-generating fan by supplying electrical energy to the generator to act as a motor.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pole-mounted wind-turbine assembly according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a blade and rotor-drum assembly;
FIG. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the turbine assembly;
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the turbine assembly shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but showing a side-mounted belt-driven electrical generator; and
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment using inlet guide vanes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a diff user- augmented wind- turbine assembly 10 according to the invention, and rotatably mounted on a conventional support pole 11 so it can be moved by a fin 12 to compensate for shifting wind directions. The assembly has an outer diffuser shell 15, within which can be seen a blade and rotor-drum assembly 16 as described in greater detail below.
FIG. 2 shows assembly 16 in greater detail, and as having an outer cylindrical rotor drum 18, with turbine blades 19 extending radially therein, and preferably integrally formed with the rotor drum. The assembly can be cast or of welded construction if made of metal (e.g., aluminum), or integrally injected molded if made from a composite material strengthened by glass, carbon, or similar reinforcing fibers. Though six blades are shown, the number of blades can be selected by the designer. Multiple blades, such as five or six, are preferred as they improve turbine efficiency, as well as increasing the rigidity of assembly 16. Turbine-blade strength and stiffness is significantly increased by the fixed support of the blades on the drum. The assembly is stable and balanced, and can be safely operated at high wind speeds encountered in storm conditions. For smaller wind-turbine assemblies which typically operate at high rotation speeds, centrifugal force compressively loads the blades, making them less prone to fatigue failure. FIG. 3 is a sectional side elevation of one embodiment of assembly 10, and shows assembly 16 as rotatably mounted within diffuser shell 15. The diffuser shell is preferably molded from a strong composite material, and has an outwardly divergent section 21 which merges with outwardly stepped ring-shaped inner and outer cylindrical support sections 22 and 23. An end portion 24 of the diffuser shell is separately formed, and is rigidly secured to a more forward part of the diffuser shell after the blade and rotor drum is fitted therein. The outlet end of the diffuser shell may be made more divergent to optimize aerodynamic conditions.
A pair of spaced-apart ring-shaped bearings 26 have outer races secured to the inner surface of support section 22, and inner races secured to the outer surface of the rotor drum, thereby rotatably mounting assembly 16 within the diffuser shell. The absence of any clearance between the blade tips and the rotor drum (which forms a cylindrical part of the diffuser) is another feature eliminating tip losses, and producing high turbine efficiency. Magnetic bearings can also be used to augment bearings 26 for lower friction at high rotational speeds The embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the exploded view of FIG. 4, positions the components of an electrical generator assembly 28 cylindrically around the rotor drum. These components include a cylindrical assembly 29 of permanent magnets secured to the outer surface of the rotor drum to rotate therewith. Slightly outwardly spaced from the magnet assembly is a cylindrical assembly 30 of stator coils secured to a support ring 31 which is in turn rigidly secured to the inner surface of support section 23.
FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment using a conventional drum-shaped electrical generator 33 secured at one side of support section 23. Generator 33 is driven by a flexible timing belt 34 engaged with a toothed wheel on the generator, and extending around a cylindrically toothed section of the rotor drum.
FIG. 6 shows another alternative embodiment using an assembly 35 of stator vanes or inlet guide vanes secured within the inner end of outwardly divergent section 21 of the diffuser shell. The use of such vanes is a known technique enabling use of fixed-pitch turbine blades, but with the advantages of more complex variable-pitch blades. The diffuser shell can also be lined with a sound-absorbing material for noise reduction during turbine operation.
Other applications on the wind-turbine assembly include "reverse" operation as a wind-generating fan, by applying electrical energy to the generator which then acts as a motor to rotate the blades. Another application involves adding blades to the outside of the rotor drum which is appropriately sealed to act as a wind-driven water pump, air compressor, or fan.
There has been described a wind-turbine assembly featuring a diffuser-supported assembly of turbine blades. The described designs are useful in both small and large wind turbines, are economical to manufacture, and operate at high efficiency.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS :
1. A diffuser-augmented wind-turbine assembly, the assembly having an diffuser outer-housing shell with a cylindrical portion rotatably supporting a rotor drum having an inner surface rigidly supporting a plurality of turbine blades, the rotor drum being in driving engagement with a rotatable electrical generator.
2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the rotor-drum inner surface is flush with adjoining inner surfaces of the diffuser shell.
3. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the rotor drum and turbine blades are integrally formed.
4. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the electrical generator comprises a cylindrical magnet assembly secured to an outer surface of the rotor drum to rotate therewith, and a cylindrical stator-coil assembly secured to an inner surface of the diffuser shell, and extending around and slightly spaced from the magnet assembly.
5. The assembly of claim 1, and further comprising space-apart ring bearings adjacent opposite ends of the rotor drum for rotatably supporting the drum within the diffuser shell.
6. The assembly of claim 1, and further comprising a plurality of inlet guide vanes secured within an inlet end of the diffuser shell upstream of the turbine blades.
7. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the electrical generator is drum shaped, and secured to the diffuser shell radially outwardly of the rotor drum, and further comprising a flexible belt engaged with the drum and generator.
EP04814763A 2004-12-17 2004-12-17 Diffuser-augmented wind turbine Withdrawn EP1834087A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2004/042620 WO2006065248A2 (en) 2004-12-17 2004-12-17 Diffuser-augmented wind turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1834087A2 true EP1834087A2 (en) 2007-09-19
EP1834087A4 EP1834087A4 (en) 2009-10-21

Family

ID=36588289

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04814763A Withdrawn EP1834087A4 (en) 2004-12-17 2004-12-17 Diffuser-augmented wind turbine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1834087A4 (en)
CA (1) CA2590918A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006065248A2 (en)

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US9234081B2 (en) 2010-06-08 2016-01-12 King Abdulaziz City For Science And Technology Method of manufacturing a nitro blue tetrazolium and polyvinyl butyral based dosimeter film
US9932959B2 (en) 2011-03-10 2018-04-03 King Abdulaziz City For Science And Technology Shrounded wind turbine configuration with nozzle augmented diffuser
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Title
See also references of WO2006065248A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1834087A4 (en) 2009-10-21
WO2006065248A3 (en) 2007-04-12
CA2590918A1 (en) 2006-06-22
WO2006065248A2 (en) 2006-06-22

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