EP1833681A2 - Case divider for organizing patient films - Google Patents
Case divider for organizing patient filmsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1833681A2 EP1833681A2 EP05856950A EP05856950A EP1833681A2 EP 1833681 A2 EP1833681 A2 EP 1833681A2 EP 05856950 A EP05856950 A EP 05856950A EP 05856950 A EP05856950 A EP 05856950A EP 1833681 A2 EP1833681 A2 EP 1833681A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- case divider
- pattern
- case
- images
- divider
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Definitions
- the invention generally relates to handling and organization of medical images for digitization, and more particularly relates to a method and apparatus for organizing patient images on film for scanning.
- CAD computer-aided diagnosis
- X-ray images originally obtained on film
- the digitized image data is then available to the CAD system that performs a sequence of image processing procedures designed to identify areas of interest to the diagnostician.
- multiple films are obtained for each patient, with different views taken of each breast.
- a top view ordinarily termed a craniocaudal (CC) view
- lateral view ordinarily termed a mediolateral oblique (MLO) view.
- mammography films for each patient are commonly provided in groups of four. However, there may be more or fewer than four films obtained at one time for any patient.
- a conventional CAD system 10 having a scanner 12 for digitizing films 20 containing film images from mammography or other medical images for multiple patients.
- Patients A and B each have four film images in the example shown in Figure 1.
- Scanner 12 has an input feed slot 14 (that may also serve as an output tray in some embodiments) for inputting/feeding films 20 and an operator control panel 16 for entry of operator commands for scanner operation and for entering identifying patient data.
- a barcode scanner 18 is employed to aid in correlating films 20 to each patient.
- Scanner 12 digitizes each film 20 and provides the digital image data to a workstation 22 or other computerized device that executes the CAD image analysis software for diagnosis.
- the function of control panel 16 maybe performed at a keyboard at workstation 22 or on a touch screen or using some other method for operator interface.
- Scanner 12 for CAD systems is a high-speed, high-resolution device.
- scanner 12 is monochromatic, obtaining density information for each pixel, with typical resolutions of at least 50 micron or higher.
- the type of scanners used for this application operate at high speeds, so that, where operator procedures are suitably streamlined, film images for multiple patients can be processed without excessive waiting times. It can be appreciated that there would be benefits to system solutions that optimize the efficiency of scanner workflow, enabling high speed scanning and processing and taking advantage of inherent capabilities of the scanner itself in order to differentiate image data of one patient from image data of another, and that would allow films for multiple patients to be stacked together for sequential processing by the scanner, without interrupting scanner operation for each set of patient images.
- the present invention provides a method for scanning a set of film images for a patient.
- the method comprises several steps: a) assembling the set of film images for scanning; b) disposing a case divider at the beginning or end of the set of film images to serve as an indicator that differentiates the set of film images from any other film images to be scanned, wherein the case divider is on a separate sheet and bears a pattern that indicates its function as a case divider; c) scanning the set of films along with the case divider to obtain scanned image data; and d) detecting the case divider pattern in the scanned image data to identify the case divider.
- the present invention provides a case divider that can be efficiently scanned to demarcate separate sets of patient images.
- An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a flexible method for differentiating images for different patients, adaptable to various workflow arrangements and image identification methods.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides an automated method for separating or differentiating sets of images for scanning without requiring a separate bar code scanner.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional image scanning system that can be used for scanning mammography or other types of X-rays from film.
- FIG. 2 is a flow diagram showing the scanning sequence according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a scanning sequence that is executed by the scanner according to pre-programmed instructions.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a group of case dividers.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the use of case dividers for separating the images for multiple patients.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing case dividers and patient images loaded into a scanner in one embodiment.
- FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D are plan views showing tabbed and color- encoded case dividers.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of a marking used on a case divider in one embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a table listing height-modulated POSTNET bar codes.
- FIG. 10 is a pattern example of a POSTNET bar code.
- the method and apparatus of the present invention provide a flexible mechanism for demarcation or differentiation between different sets of patient images that can be used in a high-resolution scanner such as that described with reference to Figure 1, but without requiring a bar code reader or requiring separate steps by an operator to scan encoded information that distinguishes images for one patient from images for another patient.
- the present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for organizing and scanning patient films using a case divider. More particularly, the method and apparatus of the present invention provide a case divider that is inserted directly into the scanner along with a set of images for a patient, where the case divider includes a pattern that can be readily detected by the scanner to indicate its function and to differentiate this set of images from any other set of images to be scanned.
- the case divider of the present invention may include encoded information in some embodiments; however, as will be seen from the subsequent description, it may not be required that specific encoded information be provided other than to identify case divider function, depending upon the workflow sequence that is employed.
- a case divider loading step 110 is executed initially, in which the operator loads a tabbed case divider, described subsequently, into the feed mechanism of the scanner.
- a patient image film loading step 120 follows, in which the operator loads a set of films from the patient jack; in a typical embodiment this includes films taken from a mammography exam.
- the operator may load additional films for the same patient, such as films taken from previous exams.
- An identification step 140 follows, during which the operator enters some type of case or patient ID number related to the films just loaded, such as at control panel 16 ( Figure 1) or at workstation 22.
- Steps 110, 120, 130, and 140 can then be repeated as many times as needed for each additional patient whose set of images are to be scanned.
- a flow diagram of scanning sequence 200 that is executed by the scanner according to pre-programmed instructions.
- the scanner begins a high resolution scan of the sheet that is currently loaded in its feeder. It must be emphasized that sheet scanning step 210 is a full resolution scan that begins regardless of whether the sheet is a film or a case divider.
- scanner software executes a pattern processing step 220 that employs a pattern detection algorithm.
- pattern processing step 220 checks for whether or not the scanned data includes the pattern representing a case divider.
- processing determines whether or not the pattern has been detected. If a case divider pattern has not been detected, the high resolution scan continues. The balance of the sheet is scanned in a scan continuation step 240 in order to obtain the high resolution image data required for a patient image.
- the scanner may initiate an optional pattern decoding detection sequence, described subsequently, as part of a case divider response step 250.
- Case divider response step 250 takes some action that differentiates the preceding set of image data from the following set of image data.
- case divider response step 250 stores a demarcation code in the data that indicates that the images that will follow must be associated with a different patient case or session and must thus be indexed differently from images that preceded the case divider.
- a tabbed case divider indicates that the associated set of images is for a different patient; a non-tabbed case divider indicates that these images are for a different exam session or are otherwise distinguishable from the preceding, or following, set of images for the same patient. Different patterns may be used to differentiate tabbed from non-tabbed case dividers.
- the case divider of the present invention helps to define distinct sets of film images as they are provided for scanning, but does not need to be, itself, encoded with any data specific to a particular patient. Stacked either ahead of or just following a set of films for a patient, the case divider is designed to be scanned along with the patient films, as if it were a film sheet, but without requiring the time and computational resources needed for full-scale image scanning.
- case divider 30 is tabbed and color-coded. As shown in Figures 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D, each tab position is associated with a corresponding color.
- Color coding can be used in a number of ways. In its simplest application, color helps the operator to readily distinguish one set of films from another or to determine, at a glance, how many sets of films are to be processed. In other embodiments, color coding can also be used to classify cases. Colors could be correlated with patient condition, with the number of films associated with a case, with the attending physician or caretaker, or with other characteristics of a case.
- Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the use of case dividers for separating the images for multiple patients, here shown as Patients A, B, and C.
- one case divider 30 is disposed on top of the stack of films 20 for each patient.
- Each case divider 30 has a pattern 32, some type of marking that may be the same pattern 32 on each case divider 30 or may be a different pattern 32, such as a pattern 32 that encodes information related to the patient.
- case divider 30 is used only as a separator, it is only necessary that case divider 30 be used between sets of films 20. Thus, for the 10 films shown in the example of Figure 5, only two case dividers 30 would be needed at a minimum, one placed between the set of images for Patient A and the set of images for Patient B, the other between respective sets of images for Patients B and C.
- FIG. 6 there is shown a perspective view showing case dividers 30 and patient images 20 loaded into input feed slot 14 of scanner 12 in one embodiment.
- the type of scanner 12 determines how many sheets can be loaded at one time and sheet orientation.
- the present invention allows loading of any number of sheets and uses scanner 12 data in order to distinguish between film images and case dividers 30.
- Figures 7 A, 7B, 7C, and 7D are plan views showing tabbed and color- encoded case dividers 30 in one embodiment. Four different tab positions and colors are shown in this example. Because case dividers 30 are input for scanning along with films 20, the dimensions of case dividers 30 are compatible with the feed mechanism of scanner 12. In one embodiment, the width and height of case divider 30 is substantially the same as the width and height of associated films 20. Case divider 30 can be fabricated from any suitable sheet material for scanner feeding, such as paper-based or plastic materials. In one embodiment, a plastic material is used, with the thickness of case divider 30 heavier than film thickness. A suitable material for one embodiment was a type of Teijin MelinexTM film (.007 in.
- pattern 32 may be any appropriate marking, imprinted or otherwise formed on case divider 30, that is detectable in the line scan performed by scanner 12.
- pattern 32 may simply be a characteristic pattern that does not vary from one case divider 30 to another.
- a set of different patterns 32 may be used, possibly correlated with the background color of case divider 30 or with a tabbed position.
- pattern 32 may encode information of some type relative to the patient or to some characteristic of the associated films 20.
- Figure 8 is a plan view of a an exemplary pattern 32 used on case divider 30 in one embodiment. As shown, a pattern of circles is printed on case divider 30. A line scan of this type of pattern 32, sensing optical density and taken in either the horizontal or vertical direction, would be enabled to quickly detect the spaced, abrupt transitions between high densities of the circles and the low background density. This type of pattern 32 would be fairly robust when printed on case divider 30, able to withstand contact and handling without degradation, for numerous uses.
- a bar code 34 could alternately serve as pattern 32.
- bar code 34 shown as a POSTNET (POSTaI Numeric Encoding Technique) barcode in Figure 10
- POSTNET POSTaI Numeric Encoding Technique
- POSTNET encodes data in the height of the bars instead of in the widths of the bars and spaces. This symbology, used extensively by the US Postal Service, is relatively easy to implement, straightforward to decode, and typically inexpensive to print.
- POSTNET is a fixed dimension encoding, for which the height, width and spacing of all bars must fit within exact tolerances. (The specification for postal bar code is publicly available, contained in chapter 5 of Automation-Compatible Mail, DMM Issue 43, Jun. 21, 1992, available from the Postal Service, and Letter Mail Barcode Update, May, 1982, available from the Postal Service.)
- bar code 34 could include a patient identifier of some kind, allowing an automated correlation between the set of films 20 immediately following (or immediately preceding) case divider 30 in the stack and a patient.
- Bar code 34 could be imprinted on an adhesive medium that is adhered onto case divider 30 as part of a records handling workflow.
- bar code 34 could be permanently printed onto case divider 30, serving merely as a pointer, with correlation between its fixed code and the patient stored in a table or database accessible to workstation 22.
- bar code 34 could be printed temporarily onto an area of case divider 30 and retained as long as needed to scan and store films 20.
- an electrophoretic or "electronic paper" portion of case divider 30 could be used for forming pattern 32, allowing pattern 32 to be customized for a particular hospital or institution.
- An electronically re-writable pattern can be written onto case divider 30 with encoded information that suits the handling of a particular case. This information can later be electronically erased, allowing case divider 30 to be re-used numerous times.
- Still other types of patterns 32 that can be used include perforations or notches made in the sheet material of case divider 30. Any type of marking that can be optically scanned and detected from case divider 30 can be employed for forming pattern 32.
- scanner 12 performs pattern processing step 220 that employs a pattern detection algorithm.
- Possible strategies for bar code recognition can include intensity-based and gradient-based methods, such as using a Sobel detector, employing techniques familiar to those skilled in the image analysis arts.
- Pattern processing step 220 is preferably executed early in the scan sequence so that when a case divider is detected, a full, high-resolution scan of the full surface of case divider 30 is not needed.
- pattern 32 is preferably positioned in the portion of case divider 30 that is nearest the first portion scanned. For example, with reference to Figure 6 and 7A, the feed edge of case divider 30 (the first portion of the sheet that is scanned) is along the bottom of the sheet. With proper positioning of pattern 32, then, only a small portion of case divider 30 need be scanned in order to determine that it is not a sheet of film 20 but is, rather, a case divider.
- scanner 12 software determines that the sheet that is currently being scanned is not film, but is a case divider 30, appropriate action is taken, as part of case divider response step 250, to stop the high resolution scan at an appropriate point and to respond appropriately to pattern 32.
- scanner 12 can merely record that case divider 30 was detected in this position and then eject case divider 30 in order to continue scanning the next sheet.
- scanner 12 performs a decoding sequence that decodes encoded information in pattern 32.
- the complexity of the decoding sequence is determined by how the information is encoded, by how the encoding is positioned, including whether the encoding is in a fixed or variable position, and by how much information is stored.
- decoding for an angularly skewed encoding may be needed, such as that described in U.S. Patent No.
- the method of the present invention employs a case separator sheet that is processed automatically using the high-resolution scanner. Where there is encoded information on the case separator itself, such as in a bar code, this method makes use of the high-resolution film scanner system itself for obtaining and decoding the encoded information.
- case dividers 30 could be used between and within cases, so that not only are patient cases kept distinct, but earlier and later exam results for a particular patient can also be distinguished.
- Alternate types of bar codes could be employed for pattern 32, as well as other standardized or proprietary encoding schemes.
- the method and apparatus of the present invention could be combined with other techniques for coupling information to scanned images, including use of an attached memory storage device in addition to a scannable pattern.
- the invention has particular advantages for use with systems that scan and digitize mammography images and can also be used for scanning systems that digitize other types of diagnostic images from a film medium, such as X-ray chest film images, or other types of X-ray, ultrasound, or other images.
- a film medium such as X-ray chest film images, or other types of X-ray, ultrasound, or other images.
- the apparatus and method of the present invention could be used for processing any type of scanned and digitized image or document including text documents, particularly where it is beneficial to differentiate one set of documents from another.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63115504P | 2004-11-24 | 2004-11-24 | |
PCT/US2005/041202 WO2006073564A2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2005-11-15 | Case divider for organizing patient films |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1833681A2 true EP1833681A2 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
Family
ID=38353262
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05856950A Withdrawn EP1833681A2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2005-11-15 | Case divider for organizing patient films |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1833681A2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101102907A (en) |
-
2005
- 2005-11-15 CN CNA2005800403139A patent/CN101102907A/en active Pending
- 2005-11-15 EP EP05856950A patent/EP1833681A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2006073564A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101102907A (en) | 2008-01-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070503 |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20071130 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: CARESTREAM HEALTH, INC. |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SHEN, YUE Inventor name: HEFFERNAN, PATRICK, B. Inventor name: ZHANG, DAOXIAN, HEIDI |
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RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB NL |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HEFFERNAN, PATRICK, B. Inventor name: SHEN, YUE (CARESTREAM HEALT, INC) Inventor name: ZHANG, DAOXIAN, HEIDI |
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DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
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Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20080611 |