EP1821580A2 - Appareil électronique placé en amont pour la modulation du courant de lampes - Google Patents

Appareil électronique placé en amont pour la modulation du courant de lampes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1821580A2
EP1821580A2 EP07102536A EP07102536A EP1821580A2 EP 1821580 A2 EP1821580 A2 EP 1821580A2 EP 07102536 A EP07102536 A EP 07102536A EP 07102536 A EP07102536 A EP 07102536A EP 1821580 A2 EP1821580 A2 EP 1821580A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
electronic ballast
lamp current
data
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07102536A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1821580A3 (fr
Inventor
Olaf Busse
Markus Heckmann
Reinhard Lecheler
Alfons Lechner
Siegfried Mayer
Thomas Pollischansky
Bernd Rudolph
Bernhard Schemmel
Kay Schmidtmann
Harald Schmitt
Thomas Siegmund
Arwed Storm
Horst Werni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP1821580A2 publication Critical patent/EP1821580A2/fr
Publication of EP1821580A3 publication Critical patent/EP1821580A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3925—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by frequency variation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for operating a connected lamp which is adapted to modulate the lamp current.
  • a connected lamp may be, for example, an incandescent lamp, halogen incandescent lamp, discharge lamp or low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • Electronic ballasts generate the lamp current necessary for the operation of the connected lamp.
  • the lamp current can only be switched on or off.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an improved electronic ballast with extended function.
  • an electronic ballast for operating a connected lamp which has a device for controlling the lamp current, characterized in that it is designed to modulate the lamp current via the control device so that its time course at least part of the data of the ballast and the connected lamp.
  • the invention is based on the finding that after mounting a lamp in its socket it is difficult or impossible to obtain data of interest about this lamp or an electronic ballast operating this lamp. From the outside, after installation, for example, an inscription possibly applied to the lamp and / or the ballast can provide information about the lamp and the electronic ballast used, the inscription on the ballast often being concealed by the lamp.
  • such inscriptions contain fairly general information about the manufacturer, the rating and / or brand name of the lamp or electronic ballast. To get more information about the lamp or the ballast, usually the lamp or the ballast from the respective lamp is removed. Measurements can then be taken on the removed lamp and the ballast removed, or these can be dismantled for inspection.
  • the electronic ballast has an information store in which information is stored about the electronic ballast and possibly also information about past operating states, and via a corresponding read-out interface, then the electronic ballast must be contacted in order to read out this information.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that a modulation of the lamp current leads to a modulation of the luminous flux emitted by the lamp and the modulation of the luminous flux can be used for information transmission.
  • Static information about the electronic ballast can now be output via the modulated luminous flux.
  • the electronic ballast for example, via a lamp type detection and static information about the lamp, such as the lamp type, the rated power or the manufacturer, determine and output via Lichtstromodulation.
  • current information about the operating parameters of the electronic ballast and the connected lamp can be sent, such as the current power, the mains voltage or the temperature of certain components. If the electronic ballast has an information store, its content can also be sent via the modulated luminous flux.
  • the data can be sent via light current modulation during the entire operation. If the modulation leads to fluctuations in luminous flux, which are imperceptible to the human eye, this can be done without affecting the lighting function of the lamp.
  • the lamp current modulation can also be started by certain events. For example, can be started directly with the lamp current modulation with the switching of the electronic ballast or with the switching of the power supply for the electronic ballast. It is also possible that the Lichtstromodulation does not start until after a fixed period of time after switching on, for example, to be able to position the receiver after switching on the lighting at a suitable location.
  • the lamp current modulation is set.
  • the lamp current modulation can also be started by a so-called ripple control pulse. In a ripple control pulse, the mains voltage is changed in a fixed way. Usually, devices suitable for this purpose are switched on, off or switched over. With so-called “relamping" lamps are replaced without first switching off the ballast operating the lamp.
  • the lamp current can also be modulated intermittently at fixed time intervals or at predetermined times.
  • a phase of the lamp current modulation can begin with a fixed pattern which signals the start of the modulation. Also, the completion of the lamp current modulation may be determined by a predetermined pattern for indicating the completion of the data transmission.
  • the data of interest can be reproduced, for example also in segmented form, each segment containing a specific data type, for example static information, current operating parameters or also historical operating parameters (more in the exemplary embodiment).
  • the lamp connected to the electronic ballast may be, for example, an incandescent lamp, a halogen incandescent lamp and a discharge lamp, in particular a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • Electronic ballasts include an inverter which converts the power supply for the electronic ballast into an appropriate supply power to one of the connected lamps.
  • an inverter is powered from a main energy storage of the electronic ballast by means of a drop across the main energy storage DC link voltage.
  • the power coupled into the lamp by the inverter may depend on the intermediate circuit voltage, as in the case of a half-bridge inverter (see exemplary embodiment).
  • a half-bridge inverter takes the coupled into the lamp power with increasing DC link voltage, accordingly, the opposite applies to a decreasing DC link voltage.
  • the electronic ballast is now designed so that the modulation of the lamp current is carried out via a change in the dropping at the main energy storage DC link voltage.
  • this main energy storage is a so-called DC link capacitor, which is loaded with a suitable circuit, such as a boost converter circuit or a pump circuit.
  • a suitable circuit such as a boost converter circuit or a pump circuit.
  • Different charges of the capacitor lead to different levels of DC link voltages across the DC link capacitor.
  • the charge state of the DC link capacitor can be adjusted by the operating frequency of a boost converter charging the DC link capacitor. This is explained in more detail in the embodiment.
  • the electronic ballast is designed so that when the lamp is connected, the modulation of the lamp current via a change in the operating frequency.
  • the power to operate the connected lamp can be supplied via a resonant circuit.
  • This resonant circuit usually includes an inductor and a capacitor.
  • the connected lamp closes the resonant circuit and the electronic ballast oscillates the resonant circuit.
  • the current through the lamp is a function of the operating frequency of the resonant circuit. Near the resonance frequency, the lamp current is particularly large; goes away the operating frequency of the resonant circuit of the resonant frequency, the lamp current decreases. The lamp current can thus be modulated by changing the operating frequency.
  • the electronic ballast has lamp terminals which are connected to an impedance so that the lamp current flowing when the lamp is connected can be modulated by a change in the impedance.
  • a switchable impedance may be connected in series with one of the lamp terminals or in parallel with the lamp terminals.
  • the impedance for the modulation of the lamp current may be a resistor, an inductance or a capacitance or a combination of corresponding components.
  • the electronic ballast is preferably designed to display the data about two changes in the status of the lamp current profile.
  • a first of the two state changes corresponds to an increasing lamp current and a second of the two state changes corresponds to a decreasing lamp current.
  • the electronic ballast is used to operate a discharge lamp, in particular a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • a discharge lamp in particular a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • Corresponding electronic ballasts have by default an inverter, a DC link capacitor, a control device for the lamp current and a broken by lamp connections resonant circuit, so that the conversion to an electronic ballast according to the invention is particularly simple.
  • a corresponding receiving or decoding device For receiving or decoding the data modulated into the luminous flux, a corresponding receiving or decoding device is used.
  • the receiver only detects the luminous flux fluctuations and records them if necessary, while a decoder also removes the data from the luminous flux fluctuations.
  • a decoder for reading out the data sent in the luminous flux, a decoder is used which has a light receiving detector for measuring the light intensity, a lens system for supplying light to the light receiving detector, and a transducer which converts the output signal of the light receiving detector into binary data.
  • the decoding device is designed to display the data, and to respond only to light from a solid angle range with an opening angle less than or equal to 30 degrees. Opening angles of at most 20 degrees, 10 degrees, 5 degrees and 2 degrees are increasingly preferred.
  • the decoding device can display the data, or a part of the data, for example on a screen. This allows an appraisal of the data at or immediately after reading.
  • the decoder may also include a memory in which the data is stored. After an operator has collected about several records then this can then the data from the memory of the decoder transferred to a standard computer and processed with appropriate software.
  • the decoder has a laser.
  • the decoder can thus be aligned with a lamp to be read.
  • the laser can be connected to the rest of the decoder in such a way that the light of the lamp to be read falls on the light receiving detector when the laser beam is pointing at the lamp. This ensures that the decoder also receives light from the lamp to be read. This is particularly advantageous if the decoding device receives light only from a small solid angle range.
  • the invention relates to a system comprising an electronic ballast according to the invention and a decoder as just described.
  • the above and subsequent description of the individual features relates to the electronic ballast, the decoder and the system of electronic ballast and decoder. Further, it also relates to a method according to the invention for sending data by means of lamp current modulation and a method for decoding temporal changes of luminous fluxes. This also applies without being explicitly mentioned in detail.
  • the invention thus also relates to a method for sending data from a lamp connected to an electronic ballast, comprising the steps of: generating a lamp current with the electronic ballast for operating the connected ballast Lamp and modulating the lamp current with a control device of the electronic ballast, wherein the control device modulates the lamp current so that the time course is at least part of the data of the ballast and the connected lamp.
  • the invention basically also relates to a method for decoding data generated by the above method comprising the steps of: supplying the light to a light receiving detector by means of a lens system, measuring the light intensity with the light receiving detector, and converting the output signal with a converter into binary data and Representing the data, wherein the lens system only receives light from a solid angle range with an opening angle less than or equal to 30 degrees.
  • Figure 1 shows the circuit diagram of an electronic ballast with a connected low-pressure discharge lamp LL.
  • the rectifier On the left side of the circuit is an AC power supply to a rectifier GL.
  • the rectifier has two DC voltage outputs. Parallel to the two DC voltage outputs, a radio interference suppression capacitor CF is connected.
  • the electronic ballast has a boost converter of a storage coil L1, a diode D1, a switch S1 and a DC link capacitor CZ.
  • the storage coil L1, the diode D1 and the intermediate circuit capacitor CZ are connected in series between the first and the second DC voltage output of the rectifier GL in this order.
  • the switch S1 provides in the on state for a rising current in the storage coil L1 up to an adjustable maximum value.
  • the storage coil L1 is magnetized.
  • the switch S1 blocks and the diode D1, after switching off the switch S1, conducts the current impressed in the storage coil L1 into the intermediate circuit capacitor CZ. If the storage coil L1 completely demagnetized, so no current flows through them and the diode D1 locks. Then, the switch S1 is turned on again and the current through the storage coil L1 rises again. In this way, the intermediate circuit capacitor CZ can be charged to a predefinable voltage value, the intermediate circuit voltage UCZ.
  • the DC link voltage UCZ is in fact set via the switching frequency of the switch S1.
  • the switch S1 is controlled by a control device K via one of its outputs A1.
  • the control device K Via an input E1 of the control device K, the control device K can measure the voltage drop across the resistor R1 and thus determine the current flowing through the switch S1.
  • Supply lines of the control device K are connected between the positive supply potential and the reference potential.
  • a half-bridge inverter of two switching elements S2 and S3 is connected in parallel with the intermediate circuit capacitor CZ.
  • High-frequency alternating switching of the switches S2 and S3 generates a high-frequency alternating voltage between an alternating voltage output WA and the reference potential lying between the two switches S2 and S3.
  • the two switches S2 and S3 are each controlled via one of two control outputs A2 and A3 of the control device K.
  • a resistor R2 is connected between the switch S3 and the reference potential. Via this resistor R2, the control device K can determine the current through the half-bridge inverter.
  • a series connection of a lamp inductor LD, a coupling capacitor CC and the low-pressure discharge lamp LL is located between the alternating voltage output WA and the reference potential.
  • a resonance capacitor CR is connected.
  • the circuit between the AC output WA and the reference potential - is oscillatable with connected low-pressure discharge lamp LL.
  • the operating frequency is determined by the switching frequency of the half-bridge inverter S2, S3.
  • a first possibility to modulate the lamp current in such a circuit arrangement is to change the intermediate circuit voltage UCZ.
  • the amplitude of the high-frequency alternating voltage between the alternating voltage output WA and the reference potential is determined inter alia by the intermediate circuit voltage UCZ, because the potential jumps to the AC voltage output WA between the value of the DC link voltage UCZ and the reference potential back and forth. If, therefore, the intermediate circuit voltage UCZ changes, so does the amplitude of the high-frequency alternating voltage, which of course also leads to a change in the lamp current.
  • the boost converter L1, S1, D1 shown here operates in the so-called “discontinuous conduction mode", in which the renewed closing of the switch S1 until complete demagnetization of the storage coil L1 is awaited.
  • the step-up converter could also work in “continuous conduction mode”, which does not wait for complete demagnetization of the storage coil, or else in "critical conduction mode”, in which the transition between the two preceding modes is switched;
  • the intermediate circuit voltage UCZ can then be set via the operating frequency of the boost converter L1, S1, D1. Since the half-bridge inverter S2, S3 continuously draws power from the DC link capacitor CZ during operation, the DC link voltage UCZ decreases or increases when the duty cycle of the switch S1 is changed.
  • a second way to modulate the lamp current is to change the operating frequency of the half-bridge inverter S2, S3.
  • the circuit of the lamp inductor LD, the coupling capacitor CC of the low-pressure discharge lamp LL and the resonance capacitor CR between the AC output WA and the reference potential, as already stated above, is a vibratory system. In the vicinity of the resonance can be coupled by the half-bridge inverter S2, S3, a particularly large power in the low-pressure discharge lamp LL. For a given intermediate circuit voltage UCZ so the lamp current is particularly large. If the operating frequency of the half-bridge inverter S2, S3 changed, so also changes the operating frequency of the resonant circuit LD, CC, LL, CR. As the distance from the resonance decreases, the lamp current decreases.
  • FIG. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a second electronic ballast according to the invention. This represents a variation of the electronic ballast shown in Figure 1. Numerous components are also interconnected, have the same function as in the electronic ballast of Figure 1 and are also named here. Again, a low-pressure discharge lamp LL is connected.
  • FIG. 1 a terminal of the low-pressure discharge lamp LL is connected directly to the reference potential.
  • FIG. 2 a parallel connection of a switch S4 and an impedance RCL is connected between the low-pressure discharge lamp LL and the reference potential.
  • the impedance RCL may be a resistor, a capacitor, a coil or a circuit of a plurality of such components. Here it is a resistor RCL.
  • the switch S4 is controlled via an output A4 of the control device K. If the switch S4 is closed, the current path is parallel to the resistor RCL compared to this low impedance and the lamp current can flow unaffected by the resistor RCL and by the low-pressure discharge lamp LL, exactly as in Figure 1. However, the switch S4 is open, so the lamp current flows through the resistor RCL.
  • the lamp current changes due to two effects, once shifts the resonance frequency of the On the other hand, a voltage drops across the resistor RCL. By turning on and off the switch S4 can therefore be changed between two lamp current levels.
  • a modulation of the lamp current is reflected in a modulation of the luminous flux of the connected low-pressure discharge lamp LL.
  • the luminous flux ⁇ is shown schematically as a function of time.
  • the electronic ballast of Figure 2 is connected with connected low-pressure discharge lamp LL.
  • the luminous flux has reached the value of stationary operation.
  • the control device K starts to switch the switch S4 on and off and thus to modulate the lamp current.
  • the lamp current jumps between two levels back and forth. This is also expressed in the jumping back and forth of the luminous flux ⁇ between two levels.
  • the lamp or luminous flux is modulated for a certain time.
  • the electronic ballast adjusts the modulation of the lamp current and the luminous flux assumes a steady state value.
  • the jumping back and forth of the luminous flux between two levels allows data transmission by means of binary coded data.
  • a data transmission sequence is started by a ripple control pulse.
  • Figure 4 shows schematically the structure of such a sequence I-V.
  • a fixed pattern I is transmitted from luminous flux changes indicating the beginning of the data transmission.
  • data II is sent regarding the transmission protocol.
  • Protocol II gives details of the encoding of the later the following data III, IV and their nature and quantity.
  • static data III are first transmitted with regard to the electronic ballast, specifically the manufacturer, the type of electronic ballast, the serial number and the production date.
  • the so-called Manchester coding or other suitable coding can be used, which enables clock recovery.
  • the two states of the data to be displayed are encoded via rising and falling edges of the lamp current or the luminous flux.
  • the decoding apparatus shown schematically in FIG. 5 can be used.
  • This has a lens system 3, which directs light from a rotationally symmetric solid angle range with an opening angle of 1.5 degrees to a light receiving detector 4.
  • the decoding device has an amplifier 5, a control unit 6 and a display 7.
  • the amplifier 5 amplifies the output signal of the light receiving detector 4.
  • the decoder has a laser (not shown) which is aligned parallel to the axis of symmetry of the solid angle range. With the laser beam emitted by this laser, the decoder can be aligned with the lamp to be read become. When the laser beam strikes the lamp to be read out, the light from the lamp falls onto the light receiving detector 4.
  • the output signal of the amplifier 5 is interpreted by a computing unit 6, which reads out the data from the amplified voltage fluctuations.
  • the display 7 represents the data provided by the computing unit 6 available.
  • the decoder is small enough to be held comfortably in the hand. In addition, it has a battery (not shown) so that it can be moved through the room independently of cables. The operator can use the decoder in his hand to direct the lens system onto a low-pressure discharge lamp 1, record the luminous flux 2 mimicked by this low-pressure discharge lamp 1 in a small solid angle range and look at the transmitted data on the display.

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  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP07102536A 2006-02-21 2007-02-16 Appareil électronique placé en amont pour la modulation du courant de lampes Withdrawn EP1821580A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10608040 2006-02-21

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EP1821580A2 true EP1821580A2 (fr) 2007-08-22
EP1821580A3 EP1821580A3 (fr) 2011-03-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008019158B3 (de) * 2008-04-17 2009-11-05 Vossloh-Schwabe Deutschland Gmbh Lampentyperkennung für Gasentladungslampen bei Kaltstart
WO2011064385A3 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2012-04-12 Osram Ag Procédé de réglage d'un ballast électronique, ballast électronique et unité de réglage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5838116A (en) * 1996-04-15 1998-11-17 Jrs Technology, Inc. Fluorescent light ballast with information transmission circuitry
WO2001033914A1 (fr) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Energy Savings, Inc. Ballast electronique modulant la lumiere
EP1363451A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-19 NEC Viewtechnology, Ltd. Projecteur et méthode de traitement de l'information relative à la lampe utilisée pour ce projecteur
US20050231128A1 (en) * 1997-01-02 2005-10-20 Franklin Philip G Method and apparatus for the zonal transmission of data using building lighting fixtures
WO2006111934A1 (fr) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-26 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et systeme de reglage de l'eclairage

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5838116A (en) * 1996-04-15 1998-11-17 Jrs Technology, Inc. Fluorescent light ballast with information transmission circuitry
US20050231128A1 (en) * 1997-01-02 2005-10-20 Franklin Philip G Method and apparatus for the zonal transmission of data using building lighting fixtures
WO2001033914A1 (fr) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Energy Savings, Inc. Ballast electronique modulant la lumiere
EP1363451A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-19 NEC Viewtechnology, Ltd. Projecteur et méthode de traitement de l'information relative à la lampe utilisée pour ce projecteur
WO2006111934A1 (fr) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-26 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede et systeme de reglage de l'eclairage

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008019158B3 (de) * 2008-04-17 2009-11-05 Vossloh-Schwabe Deutschland Gmbh Lampentyperkennung für Gasentladungslampen bei Kaltstart
WO2011064385A3 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2012-04-12 Osram Ag Procédé de réglage d'un ballast électronique, ballast électronique et unité de réglage

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Publication number Publication date
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