EP1809980A1 - Procede de realisation d'une interface electropyrotechnique entre un pont electrothermique et une composition primaire au sein d'un initiateur, initiateur obtenu - Google Patents
Procede de realisation d'une interface electropyrotechnique entre un pont electrothermique et une composition primaire au sein d'un initiateur, initiateur obtenuInfo
- Publication number
- EP1809980A1 EP1809980A1 EP05814875A EP05814875A EP1809980A1 EP 1809980 A1 EP1809980 A1 EP 1809980A1 EP 05814875 A EP05814875 A EP 05814875A EP 05814875 A EP05814875 A EP 05814875A EP 1809980 A1 EP1809980 A1 EP 1809980A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bridge
- electrothermal
- primary composition
- initiator
- electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WETZJIOEDGMBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead styphnate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([O-])=C1[N+]([O-])=O WETZJIOEDGMBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/195—Manufacture
- F42B3/198—Manufacture of electric initiator heads e.g., testing, machines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
- C06C7/02—Manufacture; Packing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an electro-pyrotechnic interface between an electrothermal bridge and a primary composition within an electro-pyrotechnic initiator as well as the initiator obtained by the method. It has applications in the field of pyrotechnics in which it causes the firing of charges (explosive, fuzing, incendiary or other) through an electrical signal.
- Electro-pyrotechnic initiators are devices whose function is to transform an electrical type input signal into a pyrotechnic effect. These devices make it possible to generate effects of flame, incandescent particles, gases or others; these effects may possibly be combined according to the case.
- the initiators allow, for example, the priming of slaughter explosives in the industrial field of quarry and public works mines, the ignition of gas generators for automotive safety (passive protection systems of the pre-tensioning type of belts, pyrotechnic reels , airbags, etc.), the activation of pyromechanisms or the ignition of missile or rocket type devices.
- the electropyrotechnic initiators comprise an electrothermal bridge for supplying heat (temperature rise) under the effect of an electric current to a primary composition which, under the effect of heat, is brought into a reaction. combustible and / or explosive decomposition.
- the transfer of heat between the electrothermal bridge and the primary composition can be effected, depending on the case, by conduction or thermal convection.
- the case of thermal conduction is well known and can. be modeled according to the model. djt from Rosenthal.
- So-called "hot wire" initiators are known which are electrothermal bridges of metal filament type generally made with metal alloys but sometimes with a pure metal.
- Other initiators include electrothermal bridges of the type of layers (films) or strips that can be pure or non-metallic (alloys), or even semiconductors.
- the state of the interface between the electrothermal bridge and the primary composition can significantly influence the characteristics of the initiator, in particular with regard to the trip thresholds (electrical energy level causing the decomposition of the primary composition), their speed (speed of transfer of heat from the bridge to the composition), their homogeneity (all the initiators of a batch have substantially the same characteristics).
- initiators Two major families of initiators can be distinguished according to the manner of obtaining the pyrotechnic interface between the electrothermal bridge and the primary composition: the initiators of "dry compressed” technology and the initiators of "quenched” technology. or wet drop.
- the type of hardened or wet-drop type technology has certain advantages, particularly in terms of safety of implementation. It is now well known and it generally uses primary compositions based on lead tri-nitro-resorcinate which are, however, expected to disappear in the future because of the presence of lead. In addition to the fact that not all available primary compositions can be put into a form that allows the implementation of wet technology, the latter is not conducive to obtaining pyrotechnic reaction thresholds optimized both in terms of reaction rate (transfer time of the thermal effect of the bridge electrothermal to the primary composition) than reproducibility (levels of predictable normal variations).
- the main advantage of the dry compressed technology is that it allows optimization (minimization) of the heat transfer rate between the electrothermal bridge heated under the effect of the electric firing signal and the primary composition. Indeed, the compression of the primary composition provides a better "intimacy" (contact) of it with the bridge. Electrothermal. However, this technique is more restrictive from the point of view of safety and it can not use a primary composition that needs air for the decomposition to be done satisfactorily.
- the present invention proposes a method that can be used both with a wet or a dry technique, whatever the type of electrothermal bridge (wire, layer or strip in particular) and which makes it possible to improve the contact between the primary composition and the bridge. in particular to improve the triggering / firing (speed increase and reproducibility enhancement) qualities of the initiator.
- the proposed method can be described electrothermal finish of pyroelectric interface and it consists in outline to implement a primary composition with thermoplastic qualities (softening and becoming plastic or fluid under the effect of an increase in temperature ) and to heat the thermal bridge of the initiator without, however, the thermal bridge is degraded, so as to temporarily achieve the softening / plasticity / fluidity (these terms being equivalent here) of the primary composition at least in the environment close to the thermal bridge while not causing the decomposition reaction of said composition (no ignition).
- the duration of the maintenance of heating of the electrothermic bridge is adapted to the importance of the softening obtained by said heating so that the primary composition is rearranged around the electrothermal bridge and allows an intimate and permanent contact of the primary composition with the electrothermal bridge.
- the heating and / or the composition is such that the composition becomes fluid so that the finish is relatively short in time, a composition simply softened or plasticized taking more time for rearrangement. It is understood that outside this finish, under normal environmental conditions, the composition is essentially solid.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for producing an electro-pyrotechnic interface between an electrothermal bridge and a primary composition within an electro-pyrotechnic initiator, the initiator being intended to produce a pyrotechnic effect when a higher electrical energy at a threshold of electrical trip energy is sent into the electrothermal bridge.
- a primary composition which has thermoplastic properties is used, the electrothermal bridge and the thermoplastic-containing primary composition are assembled in the initiator and electrical softening energy is sent into the electrothermal bridge which causes heating. and a softening of the primary composition at least in its part in contact with the electrothermal bridge, the electrical softening energy being of a level below the electric threshold of triggering energy.
- the assembly of the electrothermal bridge and of the primary composition is carried out by the dry route in compressing the composition in air or in a controlled atmosphere
- the assembly of the electrothermal bridge and of the primary composition is carried out by wet process by dipping or producing a drop in the air or in a controlled atmosphere,
- the primary composition at a firing temperature of approximately greater than 300 ° and preferably approximately between 300 ° and 500 ° C.
- the electrothermal bridge is brought to a temperature of between 150 ° and 250 °, said bridge being made to support such a temperature without degradation;
- the thermoplastic properties of the primary composition are obtained by the use of a thermoplastic binder at within the composition,
- a binder based on polybutadiene is used, preferably a fluorinated binder is used,
- At least one electrical parameter of said electrothermal bridge is monitored which is the electrical resistance
- the temperature of said electrothermal bridge is estimated by measuring the electrical resistance of said bridge as a function of the energy, at least a first a prior measurement of resistance being made at a reduced level of electrical energy such that it does not cause a significant rise in the temperature of said bridge,
- the electrical softening energy corresponds to a direct current
- the electrical softening energy corresponds to an alternating current
- the electrical softening energy corresponds to a low frequency alternating current of approximately 50 Hz or 60 Hz or their multiples up to three times,
- the electrical softening energy corresponds to a high frequency alternating current greater than or equal to 100KHz 1
- the electrical softening energy corresponds to a combination of a direct and alternating current
- the heating is progressive, (we gradually increase the energy in the electrothermal bridge)
- the initiator is vibrated
- the composition is compressed while sending the electric softening energy in the electrothermal bridge to cause heating and softening.
- the invention also relates to a device of the electro-pyrotechnic initiator type comprising an electro-pyrotechnic interface between an electrothermal bridge and a primary composition, the initiator being intended to produce a pyrotechnic effect when an electrical energy greater than a threshold of electrical trip energy is sent into the electrothermal bridge.
- the primary composition has thermoplastic properties and is obtained according to one or more of the preceding characteristics.
- the trigger electric energy threshold may be different between the same initiator before and after the implementation of the method since the functional contact between the electrothermal bridge and the primary composition of the interface is improved. It is therefore understood that the electrical softening energy that is sent is of a level below the threshold of the lowest electric trigger energy, that is to say that which is normally obtained after the implementation of the method .
- the process is carried out during the manufacture of the initiator and initiators which have already undergone the process of the invention are delivered. It is envisaged, however, that the method is implemented in the field before use (firing). In the latter case it is even envisaged to put the primary composition in a state of softening just before firing (whether or not the process has already been implemented on the initiator). It is understood that these possibilities in the field where generally several initiators are used, require very specific conditions to act precisely on each of the initiators, the paralleling or series on the same command line firing making this possibility more difficult.
- the method allows in a single operation, in addition to improving the interface, a quality control of the electrothermal bridge because it is possible to measure the electrical characteristics, including the electrical resistance, of the electrothermal bridge during operation. sending the heating energy for softening the primary composition.
- FIG. 1 which represents in schematic section an initiator just made before implementing the method of the invention
- Figure 2 which shows a schematic sectional view of an initiator in which electrical softening energy is injected
- Figure 3 which shows in schematic section an initiator obtained after implementation of the method of the invention.
- the primary composition generally comprises grains of heat sensitive materials (those that make a reaction) which are bonded to each other by at least one binder.
- the thermoplastic properties of the primary composition are then given by the binder which has such properties.
- the invention by a controlled and controlled heating of the bridge and the adjacent primary composition, makes it possible to obtain intimate and final contact (the softening disappears once the heating is removed and the composition decreases in temperature) of the grains. with the electrothermal bridge.
- an electro-pyrotechnic initiator whose primary composition is based on a thermoplastic binder is subjected to an electrical stimulus calibrated so as to obtain locally at the interface between the electrothermal bridge and the primary composition a sufficient heating, to ensure an intimate and permanent contact of the primary composition with the bridge. Because of this better contact, the firing characteristics and their reproducibility are improved, the initiator is less likely to see its characteristics evolve following shocks, manipulations, placement in deleterious environments (humidity in particular).
- Such a method is possible in the case of primary compositions containing in their formulation a proportion of thermoplastic binder but also in the case of intrinsically thermoplastic primary compositions.
- Many pyrotechnic compositions used in pyrotechnic applications include binders. thermoplastics.
- thermoplastic binder By way of example, mention may in particular be made of fluorinated binders such as VITON®.
- fluorinated binders such as VITON®.
- VITON® fluorinated binders
- the binders are preferably used in the constitution of the pyrotechnic compositions because they ensure a cohesion between the grains of the composition and more particularly make it possible to avoid excessive stoichiometry deviations within these compositions. In the absence of control of the stoichiometric fluctuations of the pyrotechnic compositions, it is to be feared that the initiator's sensitivity characteristics (release thresholds) will be adversely affected.
- the binders therefore have, among others, the function of contributing to the control of the reproducibility of stoichiometry within the compositions, especially since these can be manufactured and handled in bulk in relatively large quantities and therefore used under conditions that are sometimes likely to favor the migration and aggregation of some of the constituents between them.
- the binders preferentially used generally have a relatively low softening temperature. Increases in temperature at such levels are very easy to achieve and control in a perfectly reproducible manner with the electrothermal bridges used for the electro-pyrotechnic initiation and this, without them being damaged. These electrothermal bridges have in fact been used for the most part for decades and their electrothermal behavior is fairly well known. For resistive type bridges, one can also simulate their behavior with the Rosenthal model as already indicated.
- a liter for example it is possible to cause a heating of the composition around the electrothermal bridge between 150 ° and 250 °, the tripping threshold (firing being generally greater than 300 °), this corresponding to a current of a few hundred mA ( less than the tripping current threshold!) for an application time of several tens to a few hundred ms (between 100 and 200 ms for example).
- a high intensity and a short application time are chosen rather than a low intensity and a prolonged application time in order to effectively obtain a temperature allowing the softening of the primary composition.
- FIG. 1 is schematically shown in section an initiator 1, the section passing through the electrothermal bridge 2 symbolized by a resistor disposed within a primary composition 3 which has thermoplastic properties.
- an initiator could have been manufactured by wet or dry technology. It should be noted that the thermoplastic properties could possibly have been used during manufacture
- FIG. 2 shows the implementation of the method of the invention consisting in passing a current produced by an electrical source 4 in the electrothermal bridge 2 of an electric power of softening such as a softening of the composition primary 3 occurs in the environment of said bridge.
- the softening electrical energy is left for a time sufficient for the primary composition rearranges in the environment and in contact with the electrothermal bridge.
- FIG. 3 shows the final result of the implementation of the method of the invention on the initiator after returning to rest and base conditions. There is thus a reshaped zone 6 in relation to the electrothermal bridge and which substantially corresponds to the zone having previously undergone softening.
- This determination of the temperature allows a secure implementation of the process by progressively increasing the energy sent into the electrothermal loop to a set temperature corresponding to the softening desired for the primary composition.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0452542A FR2877720B1 (fr) | 2004-11-05 | 2004-11-05 | Procede de realisation d'une interface electropyrotechnique entre un pont electrothermique et une composition primaire au sein d'un initiateur, initiateur obtenu |
| PCT/FR2005/002759 WO2006051199A1 (fr) | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-04 | Procede de realisation d'une interface electropyrotechnique entre un pont electrothermique et une composition primaire au sein d'un initiateur, initiateur obtenu |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1809980A1 true EP1809980A1 (fr) | 2007-07-25 |
| EP1809980B1 EP1809980B1 (fr) | 2008-05-21 |
Family
ID=34954711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05814875A Expired - Lifetime EP1809980B1 (fr) | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-04 | Procede de realisation d'une interface electropyrotechnique entre un pont electrothermique et une composition primaire au sein d'un initiateur, initiateur obtenu |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1809980B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE396376T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602005007054D1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2877720B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006051199A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5648634A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1997-07-15 | Quantic Industries, Inc. | Electrical initiator |
| US6305286B1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2001-10-23 | Trw Inc. | Preparation of an igniter with an ultraviolet cured ignition droplet |
| FR2781878B1 (fr) * | 1998-07-31 | 2001-02-16 | Giat Ind Sa | Procede de mise en oeuvre d'une substance pyrotechnique et initiateur pyrotechnique obtenu avec un tel procede |
| US6272992B1 (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2001-08-14 | Trw Inc. | Power spot ignition droplet |
| FR2833693B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-14 | 2004-03-12 | Livbag Snc | Procede de realisation d'un initiateur electro-pyrotechnique par emploi d'une colle aqueuse |
-
2004
- 2004-11-05 FR FR0452542A patent/FR2877720B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-11-04 WO PCT/FR2005/002759 patent/WO2006051199A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-11-04 DE DE602005007054T patent/DE602005007054D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-04 EP EP05814875A patent/EP1809980B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-04 AT AT05814875T patent/ATE396376T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006051199A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2877720A1 (fr) | 2006-05-12 |
| FR2877720B1 (fr) | 2009-11-06 |
| ATE396376T1 (de) | 2008-06-15 |
| DE602005007054D1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
| EP1809980B1 (fr) | 2008-05-21 |
| WO2006051199A1 (fr) | 2006-05-18 |
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