EP1809089A1 - Mycorrhizal fungi preparations, their production and their use in the inoculation of plants - Google Patents
Mycorrhizal fungi preparations, their production and their use in the inoculation of plantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1809089A1 EP1809089A1 EP05798802A EP05798802A EP1809089A1 EP 1809089 A1 EP1809089 A1 EP 1809089A1 EP 05798802 A EP05798802 A EP 05798802A EP 05798802 A EP05798802 A EP 05798802A EP 1809089 A1 EP1809089 A1 EP 1809089A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mill
- mycorrhizal
- preparation
- particle size
- arbuskel
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Definitions
- the present invention relates to arbore-forming mycorrhizal fungal preparations which can be used to improve plant inoculation.
- the inoculation of plants with mycorrhizal fungi serves as a useful complement to fertilization and crop protection in agriculture, especially in the cultivation of vegetables, fruits and flowers, as well as in forestry.
- AM fungi Arbuscone-forming mycorrhizal fungi enter into a beneficial symbiosis with a large number of plants. Colonization of the root cells of a plant with such fungi results in the development of a more extensive, better net-like, intergrown root system. Thus, mushroom hyphae grow outside the normal root ball into a zone further out, in which nutrients, such as in particular phosphorus, are normally inaccessible to the plant. It has been shown that AM fungi cause a significant improvement in plant growth (see, for example, S. Gianinazzi, H, Schüepp, J, M. Barea, K, Haselwandter, "Mycorrhizal technology in Agriculture", Birkhäuser 2002, E.
- AM mushroom preparations have not yet gained much importance in agriculture, particularly in the cultivation of vegetables and fruits, or in forestry. The reason for this is partly due to the lack of availability of larger amounts of applicator properly flawless preparations.
- AM fungi are obligate phytotrophs that can not multiply without host plant. Their production must therefore take place in a combined system.
- AM mushroom ocellulara in particular Glomus sp. , prepared by culturing host plants in pots or beds on inert substrates (see, for example, H, Baltruschat et al., EP 0 163 840, 1985).
- Such culturing methods have the advantage of simplicity and enable the production of a large amount of AM fungal spores.
- All porous and biologically inert materials are suitable as substrates for cultivation.
- a relatively coarse particle size of about 1 to 8 mm and pore diameters of the same order of magnitude as the spore dimensions have proven to be particularly suitable.
- Expanded clay, swelling schist, volcanic rock or perlite have these properties. The use of smaller particle sizes or less porous materials leads to lower process yields.
- AM fungal preparations are prepared at about 100-200 infectious units per milliliter (see Gianinazzi, supra). Depending on the grain size of the substrate, these units are split into only 5 to 20 grains per milliliter. It follows that, despite a high number of active spores and hyphae, their spatial distribution around the plant roots is unsatisfactory. The effective and economically justifiable application of AM fungal preparations thus remains limited.
- the aim of the invention is to solve the problem of spatially limited application of AM mushroom preparations. H2005 / 000648
- a crude cocum is obtained by cultivation of AM fungi, such as Glomus sp. , in particular Glomus Intraradlces, produced on a porous granule as substrate, as described by Baltruschat (see above).
- AM fungi such as Glomus sp. , in particular Glomus Intraradlces
- Expanded clay or attapulgite or expanded slate or volcanic rock or perlite or vermiculite or a mixture of two or more of these materials is expediently used as porous granules for this purpose.
- the particle size of this porous granules is expediently about 1 and 6 mm.
- the Rohinokulum contains spores, hyphae, as well as fine root remnants of the host plants.
- Analytical Biological Testing according to Sieverding reveals a probable number of infectious units of typically 300 to 600 per gram. In highly productive plants, this number may even exceed 2000. Since these units are buried in the pores of the substrate, isolated spores of the AM fungi, such as Glomus sp., Especially Glomus intraradices, can not be detected under the microscope.
- the Rohinokulum is comminuted so gently that the active spores are not destroyed.
- This can be done by using an impact / impact rather than a friction milling process.
- Suitable types of impact / impact mills for this purpose are, in particular, hammer mills, impact mills or air jet mills ("jet mills").
- the operational parameters of the mill must be adjusted so that the particle size of the milled product is in a range of about 100-500 ⁇ m, preferably about 100-250 ⁇ m. In particular, therefore, the rotational speed must be set accordingly and the discharge sieve selected accordingly. Under the microscope, up to 1000 free spores or spore groups per gram can be counted in the ground product.
- the minced product obtained according to the invention can be used directly as a solid for inoculating plants with AM fungi, or it can be standardized to a standard activity by dilution with a conventional inert substance. It can also be formulated with customary formulation auxiliaries to form a water-suspendable preparation.
- An AM fungal inoculum was prepared in expanded clay granules with a particle size of 2-4 mm after Baltruschat (see above).
- the resulting mycorrhizal-containing product was milled with various mills under various conditions. The number of free spores or spore groups in the millbase was determined under the microscope.
- Plastic plant pots (round, height 6.5 cm, diameter: 9 cm at the top, 6 cm at the bottom) were filled with a mixture of on the one hand 500 mg or 1000 mg of the product ground in accordance with Example 1 with the pilot hammer mill No. 1 or the crude product Example 1 and on the other hand, a substrate consisting of seed soil (Floradur-Fein) and sterilized Sand in the ratio 1: 1. Only pots filled with substrate (potting soil / sand) served as control,
- the pots were poured normally with tap water and fertilized once a week with a Wuxal top N solution (concentration 0.05% during the first 3 weeks, 0.1% after).
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to mycorrhizal fungi preparations that form arbuscles. To obtain said preparations, a raw inoculum is cultivated on a porous granulate and the raw inoculum that is produced is milled in such a way that the active spores are not destroyed. Said preparations are suitable for fertilisation and crop protection in agriculture and forestry. Glomus sp., and in particular Glomus intraradices are mycorrhizal fungi that are suitable for this application. A hammer/impact mill is used to mill the raw inoculum.
Description
Mykorrhiza-Pilzpräparate , deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung für die Tnokul.i erunπ von PflanzenMycorrhizal mushroom preparations, their preparation and their use for the Tnokul.i erunπ of plants
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Arbuskel bildende Mykorrhiza-Pilzpräparate, welche zur Verbesserung der Pflanzeninokulierung verwendet werden können. Die Inokulierung von Pflanzen mit mykorrhizierenden Pilzen dient als nützliches Komplement zur Düngung und zum Pflanzenschutz in der Landwirtschaft, insbesondere beim Anbau von Gemüse, Früchten und Blumen, sowie in der Forstwirtschaft.The present invention relates to arbore-forming mycorrhizal fungal preparations which can be used to improve plant inoculation. The inoculation of plants with mycorrhizal fungi serves as a useful complement to fertilization and crop protection in agriculture, especially in the cultivation of vegetables, fruits and flowers, as well as in forestry.
Arbuskel bildende Mykorrhiza-Pilze (AM-Pilze) gehen mit einer Vielzahl von Pflanzen eine vorteilhafte Symbiose ein, Durch die Kolonisierung der Wurzelzellen einer Pflanze mit derartigen Pilzen entwickelt sich ein umfangreicheres, besser netzartig durchwachsenes Wurzelsystem. So wachsen Pilzhyphen ausserhalb des normalen Wurzelballens in eine Zone hinaus weiter, in welcher Nährstoffe, wie insbesondere Phosphor, normalerweise für die Pflanze nicht zugänglich sind. Es wurde gezeigt, dass AM-Pilze eine signifikante Verbesserung des Pflanzenwachstums verursachen (vgl, etwa S. Gianinazzi, H, Schüepp, J,M. Barea, K, Haselwandter, "Mycorrhizal technology in Agriculture" , Birkhäuser 2002; E. Sieverding, "Vesicular- Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Management in Tropical Agrosystems" , GTZ 1991) . Trotz dieser wirtschaftlich nützlichen Eigenschaft haben AM-Pilzpräparatθ noch keine grosse Bedeutung in der Landwirtschaft, insbesondere im Anbau von Gemüse und Früchten, oder in der Forstwirtschaft erlangt. Der Grund dafür ist zum Teil auf die mangelnde Verfügbarkeit von grosseren Mengen applikatorisch einwandfreier Präparate zurückzuführen.
AM-Pilze sind obligate Phytotrophen, die sich ohne Wirtspflanze nicht vermehren können. Ihre Produktion muss daher in einem kombinierten System erfolgen, Gegenwärtig werden AM-Pilzinokula, insbesondere Glomus sp. , durch Kultivierung von Wirtspflanzen in Töpfen oder Beeten auf Inertsubstraten hergestellt (vgl. etwa H, Baltruschat et al . , EP 0 163.840, 1985). Alternative Produktionmethoden unter meristemischen in vitro Konditionen (J.A, Fortin, et al . , USP 5,554,530, 1996) oder in so genannten aeroponischen Systemen (D.M. Sylvia et.al. , USP 5 '096 '48I) werden ebenfalls verwendet .Arbuscone-forming mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) enter into a beneficial symbiosis with a large number of plants. Colonization of the root cells of a plant with such fungi results in the development of a more extensive, better net-like, intergrown root system. Thus, mushroom hyphae grow outside the normal root ball into a zone further out, in which nutrients, such as in particular phosphorus, are normally inaccessible to the plant. It has been shown that AM fungi cause a significant improvement in plant growth (see, for example, S. Gianinazzi, H, Schüepp, J, M. Barea, K, Haselwandter, "Mycorrhizal technology in Agriculture", Birkhäuser 2002, E. Sieverding, "Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Management in Tropical Agrosystems", GTZ 1991). Despite this economically useful property, AM mushroom preparations have not yet gained much importance in agriculture, particularly in the cultivation of vegetables and fruits, or in forestry. The reason for this is partly due to the lack of availability of larger amounts of applicator properly flawless preparations. AM fungi are obligate phytotrophs that can not multiply without host plant. Their production must therefore take place in a combined system. At present, AM mushroom ocelula, in particular Glomus sp. , prepared by culturing host plants in pots or beds on inert substrates (see, for example, H, Baltruschat et al., EP 0 163 840, 1985). Alternative production methods under in vitro meristem conditions (JA, Fortin, et al., USP 5,554,530, 1996) or in so-called aeroponic systems (DM Sylvia et al., USP 5'096'48I) are also used.
Derartige Kultivierungsmethoden haben den Vorteil der Einfachheit und ermöglichen die Produktion einer grossen Menge an AM-Pilzsporen, Alle porösen und biologisch inerten Materialien sind als Substrate für die Kultivierung geeignet. Eine relativ grobe Korngrösse von etwa 1 bis 8 mm sowie Porendurchmesser in der gleichen Grössenordnung wie die Sporendimensionen haben sich als besonders geeignet erwiesen. Blähton, Blähschiefer, Vulkangestein oder Perlit haben diese Eigenschaften. Der Einsatz von kleineren Partikelgrössen oder von weniger porösen Materialen führt zu geringeren Prozessausbeuten.Such culturing methods have the advantage of simplicity and enable the production of a large amount of AM fungal spores. All porous and biologically inert materials are suitable as substrates for cultivation. A relatively coarse particle size of about 1 to 8 mm and pore diameters of the same order of magnitude as the spore dimensions have proven to be particularly suitable. Expanded clay, swelling schist, volcanic rock or perlite have these properties. The use of smaller particle sizes or less porous materials leads to lower process yields.
Mykorrhizierende Sporen bilden sich innerhalb der freien Kanäle eines jeden Körnchens des Substrats. Typischerweise werden AM-Pilzpräparate mit etwa 100-200 infektiösen Einheiten pro Milliliter hergestellt (vgl. Gianinazzi, oben) . Je nach den Korngrössen des Substrats werden diese Einheiten auf lediglich 5 bis 20 Körnchen pro Milliliter aufgeteilt. Daraus folgt, dass trotz einer hohen Anzahl von aktiven Sporen und Hyphen deren räumliche Verteilung um die Pflanzenwurzeln unbefriedigend ausfällt, Die effektive und wirtschaftlich vertretbare Applikation von AM-Pilzpräparaten bleibt somit begrenzt .Mycorrhaging spores form within the free channels of each particle of the substrate. Typically, AM fungal preparations are prepared at about 100-200 infectious units per milliliter (see Gianinazzi, supra). Depending on the grain size of the substrate, these units are split into only 5 to 20 grains per milliliter. It follows that, despite a high number of active spores and hyphae, their spatial distribution around the plant roots is unsatisfactory. The effective and economically justifiable application of AM fungal preparations thus remains limited.
Ziel der Erfindung ist, das Problem der räumlich begrenzten Applikation von AM-Pilzpräparaten zu lösen.
H2005/000648The aim of the invention is to solve the problem of spatially limited application of AM mushroom preparations. H2005 / 000648
Erfimndungsgemäss wird zunächst ein Rohinokulum durch Kultivierung von AM-Pilzen, wie Glomus sp. , insbesondere Glomus Intraradlces, auf einem porösen Granulat als Substrat hergestellt, wie von Baltruschat (siehe oben) beschrieben. Als poröses Granulat hierfür dient zweckmässigerweise Blähton oder Attapulgit oder Blähschiefer oder Vulkangestein oder Perlit oder Vermikulit oder eine Mischung aus zwei oder mehreren dieser Materialien. Die Korngrösse dieses porösen Granulats beträgt zweckmässigerweise etwa 1 und 6 mm. Als besonders zweckmässig hat sich Blähton mit einer Partikelgrösse von 1 bis 4 mm und einer Schüttdichte von etwa 250 bis 300 kg/m3, insbesondere 270 kg/m3 erwiesen.According to the invention, first, a crude cocum is obtained by cultivation of AM fungi, such as Glomus sp. , in particular Glomus Intraradlces, produced on a porous granule as substrate, as described by Baltruschat (see above). Expanded clay or attapulgite or expanded slate or volcanic rock or perlite or vermiculite or a mixture of two or more of these materials is expediently used as porous granules for this purpose. The particle size of this porous granules is expediently about 1 and 6 mm. Expanded clay having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a bulk density of about 250 to 300 kg / m 3 , in particular 270 kg / m 3, has proved particularly expedient.
Das Rohinokulum enthält Sporen, Hyphen, sowie feine Wurzelreste der Wirtspflanzen. Durch analytische biologische Prüfung nach Sieverding (siehe oben) wird eine wahrscheinliche Anzahl von infektiösen Einheiten von typischerweise 300 bis 600 per Gramm ausgewiesen. In hochproduktiven Anlagen kann diese Zahl sogar mehr als 2000 betragen, Da diese Einheiten in den Poren des Substrats verborgen sind, können keine isolierten Sporen der AM-Pilze, wie Glomus sp., insbesondere Glomus Intraradices, unter dem Mikroskop festgestellt werden.The Rohinokulum contains spores, hyphae, as well as fine root remnants of the host plants. Analytical Biological Testing according to Sieverding (supra) reveals a probable number of infectious units of typically 300 to 600 per gram. In highly productive plants, this number may even exceed 2000. Since these units are buried in the pores of the substrate, isolated spores of the AM fungi, such as Glomus sp., Especially Glomus intraradices, can not be detected under the microscope.
Erfindungsgemäss wird dann das Rohinokulum so schonend zerkleinert, dass die aktiven Sporen nicht zerstört werden. Dies kann durch Verwendung eines auf Impakt/Schlag und nicht auf Reibung beruhenden Mahlprozesses erfolgen. Hierfür geeignete Typen von Schlag/Impakt-Mühlen sind insbesondere Hammermühlen, Schlagnasenmühlen oder Luftstrahlmühlen ("Jetmühlen") . Die operativen Parameter der Mühle müssen so eingestellt werden, dass die Partikelgrösse des gemahlenen Produkts in einem Bereich von etwa 100-500 μm, vorzugsweise etwa 100-250 μm, liegt. Es müssen also insbesondere die Drehzahl entsprechend eingestellt und das Austragungssieb entsprechend gewählt werden. Unter dem Mikroskop können im gemahlenen Produkt bis zu 1000 freie Sporen oder Sporengruppen pro Gramm gezählt werden.
Das erfindungsgemäss erhaltene zerkleinerte Produkt kann direkt als Feststoff zur Inokulierung von Pflanzen mit AM- Pilzen verwendet werden, oder es kann durch Verdünnung mit einem üblichen Inertstoff auf eine Normaktivität standardisiert werden. Es lässt sich auch mit üblichen Formulierungshilfsmitteln zu einem in Wasser suspendierbaren Präparat formulieren.According to the invention then the Rohinokulum is comminuted so gently that the active spores are not destroyed. This can be done by using an impact / impact rather than a friction milling process. Suitable types of impact / impact mills for this purpose are, in particular, hammer mills, impact mills or air jet mills ("jet mills"). The operational parameters of the mill must be adjusted so that the particle size of the milled product is in a range of about 100-500 μm, preferably about 100-250 μm. In particular, therefore, the rotational speed must be set accordingly and the discharge sieve selected accordingly. Under the microscope, up to 1000 free spores or spore groups per gram can be counted in the ground product. The minced product obtained according to the invention can be used directly as a solid for inoculating plants with AM fungi, or it can be standardized to a standard activity by dilution with a conventional inert substance. It can also be formulated with customary formulation auxiliaries to form a water-suspendable preparation.
Die Erfindung und ihre Vorteile werden in den nachfolgenden Beispielen näher erläutert .The invention and its advantages are explained in more detail in the following examples.
Beispiel 1example 1
Mühlentypenvergleich und Sporenzäh.]ung ,Milling type comparison and spore cutting.]
Ein AM-Pilz-Inokulum wurde in Blähton-Granulat mit einer Partikelgrösse von 2-4 mm nach Baltruschat (siehe oben) hergestellt .An AM fungal inoculum was prepared in expanded clay granules with a particle size of 2-4 mm after Baltruschat (see above).
Das resultierende Mykorrhiza-haltige Produkt wurde mit verschiedenen Mühlen unter verschiedenen Bedingungen gemahlen. Die Anzahl freier Sporen oder Sporengruppen im Mahlgut wurde unter dem Mikroskop ermittelt.
The resulting mycorrhizal-containing product was milled with various mills under various conditions. The number of free spores or spore groups in the millbase was determined under the microscope.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Mykorrhizierungsgrad der Wurzeln von Testpflany.en ' (Tagetes "Orangenflamme" 1.Mycorrhizierungsgrad the roots of Testpflany.en ' (Tagetes "orange flame" 1.
Kunststoff-Pflanztöpfe (rund, Höhe 6.5 cm, Durchmesser: oben 9 cm, unten 6 cm) wurden gefüllt mit einem Gemisch von einerseits 500 mg bzw. 1000 mg des gemäss Beispiel 1 mit der Pilot Hammermühle Nr 1 gemahlenen Produkts bzw. des Rohprodukts aus Beispiel 1 und anderseits einem Substrat bestehend aus Anzuchterde (Floradur-Fein) und sterilisiertem
Sand im Verhältnis 1:1. Lediglich mit Substrat (Anzuchterde/Sand) gefüllte Töpfe dienten als Kontrolle,Plastic plant pots (round, height 6.5 cm, diameter: 9 cm at the top, 6 cm at the bottom) were filled with a mixture of on the one hand 500 mg or 1000 mg of the product ground in accordance with Example 1 with the pilot hammer mill No. 1 or the crude product Example 1 and on the other hand, a substrate consisting of seed soil (Floradur-Fein) and sterilized Sand in the ratio 1: 1. Only pots filled with substrate (potting soil / sand) served as control,
Zwei Sämlingspflanzen pro Topf wurden einpikiert. Die Töpfe wurden normal mit Leitungswasser gegossen und einmal pro Woche mit einer Wuxal top N Lösung gedüngt (Konzentration 0.05% während der ersten 3 Wochen, 0.1% danach) .Two seedlings per pot were potted. The pots were poured normally with tap water and fertilized once a week with a Wuxal top N solution (concentration 0.05% during the first 3 weeks, 0.1% after).
Nach 10 Wochen wurde der gesamte Wurzelballen angefärbt und mittels eines Bonitierungsschlüssels auf Anwesenheit von Mykorrhiza-bildenden Hyphen, Arbuskeln, Vesikeln und Sporen unter dem Mikroskop ausgewertet (vgl, McGonigle, T, P., Miller, M. H., Evans, D-, G., Fairchild, G. L. and Swan J. A., 1990. A new method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular my.corrhizal fungi. New Phytol, 115: 4951501).After 10 weeks, the entire root ball was stained and scored for the presence of mycorrhiza-forming hyphae, arbuscules, vesicles and spores under a microscope by means of a scoring key (cf., McGonigle, T, P., Miller, MH, Evans, D, G. , Fairchild, GL and Swan JA, 1990. New Phytol, 115: 495-5501, which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Mit 5 Wiederholungen ergaben sich folgende Mykorrhizierungsgrade:With 5 repetitions, the following degrees of mycorrhization resulted:
Einwaageweighing
500mg 1000mg500mg 1000mg
Kontrolle (nur Substrat) 1.3% 1.3%Control (substrate only) 1.3% 1.3%
Rohprodukt (Granulat) 17.5% 11.3%Crude product (granules) 17.5% 11.3%
Pilot Hammermühle Nr. 1 23.8% 27.5%Pilot Hammer Mill No. 1 23.8% 27.5%
Aus den obigen Werten ergibt sich, dass mit dem gemahlenen Produkt im Vergleich zum Rohgranulat der Mykorrhizierungsgrad um 36% bzw nahezu 144% erhöht wurde.
From the above values it can be seen that with the milled product the degree of mycorrhization was increased by 36% or nearly 144% compared to the raw granules.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Arbuskelbildenden Mykorrhiza-Pilzpräparatθn dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man ein Rohinokulum auf einem porösen Granulat kultiviert und das so erhaltene Rohinokulum so schonend zerkleinert, dass die aktiven Sporen nicht zerstört werden.1. A process for the preparation of Arbuskelbildenden mycorrhiza mushroom preparationθn, characterized in that cultivating a Rohinokulum on a porous granules and the Rohinokulum so obtained comminuted so gently that the active spores are not destroyed.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man als poröses Granulat Blähton oder Attapulgit oder Blähschiefer oder Vulkangestein oder Perlit oder Vermikulit oder eine Mischung aus zwei oder mehreren dieser Materialien verwendet ,2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses expanded clay or attapulgite or intumescent or volcanic rock or perlite or vermiculite or a mixture of two or more of these materials as porous granules,
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Korngrösse des porösen Granulatsubstrats zwischen 1 und 6 mm liegt .3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grain size of the porous granular substrate is between 1 and 6 mm.
4. Verfahren nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man als poröses Granulat Blähton mit einer Partikelgrösse von 1 bis 4 mm und einer Schüttdichte von etwa 250 bis 300 kg/m3 verwendet ,4. Process according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that expanded clay having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a bulk density of about 250 to 300 kg / m 3 is used as the porous granules,
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man Blähton mit einer Partikelgrösse von 1 bis 4 mm und einer Schüttdichte von 270 kg/m3 verwendet.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that one uses expanded clay with a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a bulk density of 270 kg / m 3 .
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man als Arbuskel bildenden Mykorrhiza- PiIz Glomus ^.verwendet,6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one uses as Arbuskel Mykorrhiza- PiIz Glomus ^.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man als Arbuskel bildenden Mykorrhiza-Pilz Glomus intraradices verwendet .7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that it is used as an arbuskel forming mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man zur Zerkleinerung des Rohinokulums eine Schlag/Impakt-Mühle' verwendet . 9, Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man als Schlag/Impakt-Mühle eine Hammermühle oder eine Schlagnasenmühle oder eine Luftstrahlmühle verwendet.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one uses for crushing the Rohinokulums a shock / impact mill '. 9, Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the impact / impact mill used is a hammer mill or a hammer mill or an air jet mill.
10, Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die operativen Mahlparameter der Mühle so eingestellt werden, dass das gemahlene Produkt eine durchschnittliche10, The method of claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the mill operating parameters of the mill are adjusted so that the ground product is an average
Partikelgrösse von 100-500 μm aufweist,Particle size of 100-500 microns,
11, Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als operative Mahlparameter. die Drehzahl entsprechend eingestellt und das Austragungssieb entsprechend gewählt werden,11, A method according to claim 10, characterized in that as operative grinding parameters. set the speed accordingly and select the sieve accordingly,
12, Arbuskel bildende Mykorrhiza-Pilzpräparate, erhältlich durch das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis.11,12, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal preparations obtainable by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
13 , Verwendung eines Arbuskel bildenden Mykorrhiza- Pilzpräparats nach Anspruch 12 als Ergänzung zur Düngung und zum Pflanzenschutz in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft,13, use of an arbuskelbildenden mycorrhizal fungus preparation according to claim 12 as a supplement to fertilization and crop protection in agriculture and forestry,
14, Verwendung nach Anspruch.13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Arbuskel bildende Mykorrhiza-Pilzpräparat direkt, also in fester Form, oder mit einem Inertstoff verdünnt oder zusammen mit Formulierhilfsmitteln in Form eines in Wasser suspendierbaren Präparats eingesetzt wird. 14, use according to claim 13, characterized in that the arbuskel forming mycorrhizal fungi preparation is diluted directly, ie in solid form, or with an inert substance or used together with formulation auxiliaries in the form of a water-suspendable preparation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH18282004 | 2004-11-05 | ||
| PCT/CH2005/000648 WO2006047903A1 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-04 | Mycorrhizal fungi preparations, their production and their use in the inoculation of plants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1809089A1 true EP1809089A1 (en) | 2007-07-25 |
Family
ID=34974196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05798802A Withdrawn EP1809089A1 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-04 | Mycorrhizal fungi preparations, their production and their use in the inoculation of plants |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080064598A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1809089A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006047903A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1036130C (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-05-03 | Arcadis Nederland B V | METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR MAKING SUITABLE FOR AGRICULTURAL OR NATURAL AREAS. |
| ES2343235B8 (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2011-12-28 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas (Csic) | HONGO FORMER OF ARBUSCULAR MICORRIZES AND ITS USE TO STIMULATE THE GROWTH OF PLANTS. |
| MX2010010894A (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-07-11 | Biokrone S A De C V | Process for the manufacture of pelleted granules based on endomycorrhyzal fungi coated with mineral clays and the composition thereof. |
| FR2969464B1 (en) | 2010-12-23 | 2015-10-23 | Inst Rech Developpement Ird | NOVEL FUNGAL INOCULA COMPOSITIONS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR APPLICATION TO IMPROVING CROP GROWTH |
| MX2016010678A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2017-06-29 | Agpw Llc | Porous matrices for culture and formulation of agricultural biopesticides and chemicals. |
| BE1023546B1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-04-28 | Sous Les Fraises Sas | MEDIA FOR CULTIVATING AN ORGANISM, USES THEREOF, AND METHODS OF CULTIVATION AND PURIFICATION UTILIZING THE SAME |
| CN116724013A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2023-09-08 | 卡博陶粒有限公司 | Pellets containing agricultural treatment material and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2119617A (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-11-23 | Nat Res Dev | Mycorrhizal seed pellets |
| DE3416315A1 (en) * | 1984-05-03 | 1985-11-07 | Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl | PRODUCTION AND USE OF ADSORBENTS FOR INOCULATING PLANTS WITH VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZE FUNGI |
| DE3932746A1 (en) * | 1989-09-30 | 1991-04-11 | Weritz Juergen Dipl Agr Ing | Carrier material - for VA mycorrhiza fungi produced from diabase rock wool |
| DE69106842T2 (en) * | 1990-11-08 | 1995-05-18 | Shell Int Research | Water-dispersible granules containing VA mycorrhizal fungi, their preparation and their use. |
| FR2678281A1 (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1992-12-31 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | MEANS FOR IMPROVING PLANT GROWTH. |
| US20020103083A1 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-08-01 | Harman Gary E. | Promoting deeper root development, reducing nitrogen fertilizer usage, imparting drought resistance, and increasing tolerance to adverse soil conditions in plants |
| US6759232B2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2004-07-06 | Wen-Kai Wang | Method of facilitating mass production and sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi aseptic in vitro |
-
2005
- 2005-11-04 EP EP05798802A patent/EP1809089A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-04 WO PCT/CH2005/000648 patent/WO2006047903A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-11-04 US US11/718,759 patent/US20080064598A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006047903A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080064598A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
| WO2006047903A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
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