EP1808540B1 - Supporting construction for glass or cladding panels of buildings - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a supporting structure for glass panes or facade panels of buildings according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a construction is from the EP-A-1 538 269 known. It consists of rod elements and connecting elements, which have flat side surfaces which extend along polyhedron surfaces and of which one or two are provided with a recess for applying a pipe. From the DE 36 29 135 A1 is a node-rod system for support structures with hollow profile bars and hollow bodies consisting of knot bodies, which are detachably connectable to the hollow profile bars by means of screw known.

Often glass sheets or facade panels along the edges are linearly placed on support profiles with seals and fastened there. The support profiles are pushed in the crossing points and bolted or welded together there. To make this possible, the profiles are executed at the joints with more or less complicated Miter cuts. This is particularly costly when the profiles do not connect at right angles to each other, but meet at different angles, such as in dome roofs or other spatially extending surfaces.

By the invention, the problem to be solved, the support structure in such a way that it can be constructed even with different angles of the simplest possible components. It should as far as possible no expensive milled parts are used.
This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

Particular embodiments of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

The features disclosed in the following description, the patent claims and the drawings are usable not only in the particular combination specified, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the invention.

The object of the invention is achieved in such a way that standard base materials and shaped parts cut out of sheets can be used as base material.

The moldings can be produced either by conventional flame cutting or by laser or water jet cutting. For simple and symmetrical geometries of the supporting structures, these can be assembled by a few simple parts. But even in complicated and spatially extending surfaces, this system is particularly suitable. So it is no longer a problem to calculate the contour of each individual part with suitable computer programs and to send the calculated data directly to corresponding manufacturing systems. Particularly suitable for this type of roof or facade constructions are triangular panes. With this form, all geometries can be represented, whether they are flat or spatially arranged as a free-form surface. It can also be used for square discs.

The exact contours and cuts are calculated using a computer program. For this purpose, the geometry of the roof or facade as a 3-dimensional structure is generated in a computer. By means of a special calculation program, all nodes are broken down into individual parts in accordance with the descriptions below. From each of these items will be now determined the necessary drawings and the manufacturing data. The moldings are made either by conventional sawing, by milling, by flame cutting, or by laser or water jet cutting. The assembly of the parts is done in such a way that the items are exactly folded according to their contour and their cutting edges and then welded. The exact juxtaposition of the items thus creates a node that already includes all spatial angles of its individual arms, and thus generates the geometry of the subsequent overall design. In order to be able to assemble the individual parts quickly and correctly, the individual parts are provided with numbering and position markings. If higher accuracies of the nodes are necessary, then the contact surfaces of the end plates are then milled to the exact position on a 3-dimensional coordinate milling machine.

Fig. 1

perspektivisch einen Ausschnitt einer Dach- oder Fassadenkonstruktion für dreieckige Scheiben,

Fig. 2

perspektivisch die Verbindung von zwei Stegplatten miteinander,

Fig. 3

eine Explosionsdarstellung, die zeigt, wie zwei Flanschplatten zu zwei Stegplatten hinzugefügt werden,

Fig. 4

perspektivisch den Zusammenbau der Flanschplatten mit den Stegplatten,

Fig. 5

perspektivisch einen fast fertigen Knotenpunkt,

Fig. 6

perspektivisch den fertig zusammen geschweißten Knotenpunkt,

Fig. 7

perspektivisch den fertig verschweißten Knotenpunkt nach Auffüllen einer Vertiefung im Zentrum des Knotenpunktes mit Vergussmaterial zur Egalisierung mit den benachbarten Flanschplatten,

Fig. 8

perspektivisch einen Ausschnitt aus einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Tragkonstruktion nach der Erfindung für Glasscheiben oder Fassadenplatten von Gebäuden, als Beispiel ausgeführt für dreieckige Glasscheiben oder Fassadenplatten,

Fig. 9

eine Explosionsdarstellung von zwei Flanschplatten zwischen zwei Stegplatten, bevor diese miteinander verschweißt werden,

Fig. 10

die Teile von Fig. 9 in perspektivischer Darstellung, nachdem diese Teile miteinander verschweißt wurden,

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Darstellung des fast fertigen Knotenpunktes der weiteren Ausführungsform nach der Erfindung, vor dem Anschweißen von Verschlussplatten, welche explosionsartig mit Abstand von dem fast fertigen Knotenpunkt dargestellt sind,

Fig. 12

perspektivisch den fast fertigen Knotenpunkt zusammen mit in ihn eingesetzten und an ihn angeschweißten Verschlussplatten,

Fig. 13

eine schematische Darstellung eines Verbindungsstabes nach der Erfindung der weiteren Ausführungsform der Tragkonstruktion nach der Erfindung,

Fig. 14

eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung des Verbindungsstabes von Fig. 13,

Fig. 15

eine perspektivische Darstellung des dem Knotenpunkt zugewandten Endabschnittes des Verbindungsstabes, wobei entsprechend diesem Endabschnitt auch ein sehr kurzer kompletter Verbindungsstab ausgebildet sein kann,

Fig. 16

einen Ausschnitt aus einer gewölbten Tragkonstruktion nach der Erfindung, deren Einzelteile entsprechend der ersten Ausführungsform oder entsprechend der zweiten Ausführungsform nach der Erfindung ausgebildet sein können,

Fig. 17

eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Knotenpunktes der Ausführungsform von Fig. 16,

Fig. 18

einen abgebrochenen Vertikalschnitt durch zwei Stegplatten und damit verschweißten zwei Flanschplatten eines Verbindungsstabes gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform, sowie zwei darauf kegelförmig oder satteldachförmig angeordneten Glasscheiben,

Fig. 19

einen Ausschnitt einer Tragkonstruktion gemäß Fig. 18, jedoch mit darauf in einer Ebene miteinander fluchtend angeordneten Glasplatten,

Fig. 20

einen der Fig. 18 ähnlichen Vertikalschnitt durch eine Tragkonstruktion nach der Erfindung, bei welcher zwei Glasscheiben V-förmig auf den beiden Stegplatten angeordnet sind,

Fig. 21

perspektivisch Teile einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Knotenpunktes nach der Erfindung mit einem einstückigen Element, welches Flanschplatten und eine Endplatte bildet,

Fig. 22

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Metallplatte und dem daraus heraus getrennten einstückigen Element, wobei die Trennungslinie entlang der in Seitenansicht gesehenen Kontur des einstückigen Elements verläuft.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of preferred embodiments. In the drawings show

Fig. 1

Perspective a section of a roof or facade construction for triangular panes,

Fig. 2

in perspective, the connection of two web plates together,

Fig. 3

an exploded view showing how two flange plates are added to two web plates,

Fig. 4

in perspective the assembly of the flange plates with the web plates,

Fig. 5

in perspective an almost finished node,

Fig. 6

in perspective the finished welded together node,

Fig. 7

in perspective the finished welded node after filling a depression in the center of the junction with potting material for leveling with the adjacent flange plates,

Fig. 8

in perspective a section of a further embodiment of a support structure according to the invention for glass panes or facade panels of buildings, as an example of triangular glass panes or facade panels,

Fig. 9

an exploded view of two flange plates between two web plates, before they are welded together,

Fig. 10

the parts of Fig. 9 in perspective after these parts have been welded together,

Fig. 11

a perspective view of the almost finished node of the further embodiment according to the invention, before the welding of closure plates, which are exploded with distance from the almost finished node,

Fig. 12

in perspective, the almost finished node together with inserted and welded to him closure plates,

Fig. 13

a schematic representation of a connecting rod according to the invention of the further embodiment of the support structure according to the invention,

Fig. 14

an exploded perspective view of the connecting rod of Fig. 13 .

Fig. 15

a perspective view of the node-facing end portion of the connecting rod, which according to this end portion and a very short complete connecting rod can be formed,

Fig. 16

a detail of a curved support structure according to the invention, the items may be formed according to the first embodiment or according to the second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 17

an exploded view of a node of the embodiment of Fig. 16 .

Fig. 18

a broken vertical section through two web plates and thus welded two flange plates of a connecting rod according to the first embodiment, and two thereon conically or saddle roof arranged glass panes,

Fig. 19

a section of a supporting structure according to Fig. 18 but with glass plates arranged flush therewith in a plane,

Fig. 20

one of the Fig. 18 similar vertical section through a support structure according to the invention, in which two glass sheets are arranged in a V-shape on the two web plates,

Fig. 21

in perspective parts of a further embodiment of a node according to the invention with a one-piece element, which forms flange plates and an end plate,

Fig. 22

a perspective view of a metal plate and the one-piece element separated therefrom, wherein the dividing line runs along the contour of the one-piece element seen in side view.

The term "node" used in this invention means a node element at the corners of glass sheets or cladding panels, respectively. In the illustrated embodiments of the invention, the support structures are made up of nodes and tie bars. The nodes and the connecting rods are each made as a separate assembly and then according to the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 7 welded together or according to the embodiment of the Fig. 8 to 15 screwed together. However, it is also possible to produce the web plates and the flange plates of the individual nodes in such a length that nodes with nodes can be directly welded or screwed together directly, thereby eliminating the connecting rods.

First, the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 to 7 described.

In the Fig. 1 Depending on the basic geometry required in practice, the nodal points may all be the same or be different due to different angles of the connecting rods adjoining the nodal points.

Fig. 2 shows the connection of two adjacent web plates 3 of a node 1 with each other. The web plates 3 are simple blanks made of flat steel. A bearing weld 4 is here on the side of the web plates, which is the later inside of these web plates at the finished node. On the outside, which later on the finished node is the outer visible side, only a small optical weld 5 is attached.

Fig. 3 shows how two flange plates 6 are added between two web plates 3.

Fig. 4 shows the assembly of the flange plates 6 with the web plates 3. The flange plates 6 are compared to the upper edges and the lower edges of the web plates 3 (which in a facade, the inner edges and the outer edges are) set back slightly. By this arrangement, a grinding of the weld 7, by which the flange plates are welded to the web plates, is not necessary.

In Fig. 5 an almost finished node 1 is shown. During the assembly of the web plates 3 with the flange plates 6 becomes top and bottom a closure plate 8 introduced. This closure plate 8 is preferably arranged so that it projects slightly below the flange plates 6.

As Fig. 6 shows, the closure plates 8 are each welded with a weld 9 with the web plates 3 and the flange plates 6. As a result of the rearward displacement of the closure plate 8, at least over the range of vision of the supporting structure, the relevant closure plate 8 is set deeper in relation to the adjacent flange plate 6 into the node 1, so that a depression is created. The weld seam 9 is located in the shoulder between the relevant closure plate 8 and the upwardly or downwardly facing outer surface of the respective flange plate 6.

As Fig. 7 shows, this recess, which is located on the visible side of the support structure, poured over the closure plate 8 by a suitable potting material 10 and thereby be leveled with the outside facing surface of the adjacent flange plate 6. This equalization of the depression is not just a beauty factor, but by doing so Fig. 7 3 continuous channels formed between the web plates, the channel bottom is formed by the lying on the visible side flange 6 and by the potting compound, the potting compound and these flange 6 are aligned at the same height.

Two web plates 3, which are welded together by two flange plates 6, form an arm 12 of the respective node 1. The adjacent web plates 3 mutually adjacent arms 12 of the node 1 are welded together by the supporting weld 4 and the small weld 5, like this Fig. 2 . 5 . 6 , and 7 demonstrate. An anchor point 1 has at least three arms 12, which are arranged in a star shape around the center of the node 1 around. The drawing shows a preferred embodiment with, for example, six arms 12th

Hereinafter, the support structure will be described according to the invention, which in the Fig. 8 to 15 is shown. Parts which parts of Fig. 1 to 7 are denoted by the same reference numbers and are no longer in detail described. Only deviations from the already described embodiment will be described.

In the embodiment, which in the Fig. 8 to 15 is shown, the support structure includes nodes 101 instead of the nodes 1, and connecting rods 102 instead of the connecting rods 2. The nodes 101 and the connecting rods 102 are each prepared as a separate assembly and then bolted together. For this purpose, the ends of the nodes 101 and the ends of the connecting rods 102 are provided with front end plates 20 and 22, respectively, which are then connected to each other by means of screws 24. In order to obtain a possible non-visible screw, at least one side access opening 26 is attached to the connecting rod 102, through which one or more connecting elements, such. B. said screws 24, can be introduced, and by which, if necessary, tools for inserting and turning the screws in the interior of the connecting rod can be supplied.

Depending on the required in practice basic geometry of the support structure, the nodes 101 may all be the same or be formed differently due to different angles of the connecting rods 102 adjoining them.

Fig. 8 shows a section of a support structure, wherein the section shows as an example three nodes 101 and connecting rods 102 connecting them together. The illustrated nodes 101 and the connecting rods 102 connecting them together form a triangle for a triangular glass panel or a triangular facade panel. Other shapes, such as square shapes or pentagon or hexagon shapes, etc. are of course also possible.

In the Fig. 9 shown exploded view shows two flange 6, which are interconnected by an end plate 20 welded to them before the flange plates 6 are welded to the two adjacent web plates 3. The web plates 3 are for example blanks made of flat steel. The end plate 20 is welded to the flange plates 6 by welds 28. The supporting welds 4, by which the adjacent ends of adjacent web plates 3 of adjacent arms 12 are welded together, can be mounted in this embodiment on the inside or on the outside. Depending on the optical requirement of the support structure, the supporting welds 4 can be arranged, for example, on the later inner side of the web plates 3. On the outside, which is the later visible side of the support structure, then only an optically small weld 5 is attached.

Fig. 10 shows how the two flange plates 6 and the end plate 20 are joined together. The flange plates 6 are preferably slightly set back relative to the upper and / or lower longitudinal edge of the web plates 3. By this resetting of the flange plates 6 with respect to the longitudinal edges of the web plates 3 is a grinding of the weld 7, by which the flange plates 6 are welded to the web plates 3, not necessary. Preferably, the end plate 20 is welded by a weld 30 to the adjacent web plates 3.

In the end plate 20 at least one, preferably at least two or according to the drawings three threaded holes 32 are formed, which open at the end and extend parallel to the connecting rod to be fastened to them.

Fig. 11 shows a further assembly step of the node 101. During the assembly of the web plates 3 with the flange 6, a closure plate 8 is inserted at the top and bottom above the open center region of the node 1. This closure plate 8 is preferably positioned so that it projects slightly below the adjacent flange plate 6.

Fig. 12 shows the almost finished node 101. Each of the two closure plates 8 is welded with a weld 9 with the adjacent web plates 3 and the respective adjacent flange plate 6.

Fig. 13 shows in perspective a connecting rod 102. He has on one side at both ends in each case one of said lateral access openings 26 and at each end an end plate 22 with a preferably the number of threaded holes 32 of the end plate 20 of the node 1 corresponding number of at least one, preferably at least two or three through holes 34 for receiving one screw 24 (FIG. Fig. 15 ). The screw head of the screws 24 has a larger diameter than the through holes 34, so that the screw head on the inside of the end plate 22 can be supported when screwing the connecting rod 102 to the node 101st

Fig. 14 shows an exploded view of the connecting rod 102. The connecting rod 102 consists of two lateral web plates 38, a flange plate 40 in which the two access openings 26 are formed, a further flange plate 42 and the two end-side end plates 22. The front end plates 22 of the connecting rods 102 are rectangular to the flange plates 40 and 42 and also arranged at right angles to the web plates 38 and are each located between these four plates.

The connecting rods 2 and 102 may have different lengths. All angular differences between the connecting rods 2 and 102 are received in the nodes 1 and 101, as in the first embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 7 the case is.

Fig. 15 shows a screw 24 before insertion through the access opening 26 therethrough and then through the through holes 34 therethrough, in order to then write them into the threaded holes 32 can.

The side of the flange plates 40, for example in the drawings, the upper flange plate 40, which faces the glass plates or cladding panels to be supported, may be provided with fastening bolts 44 welded thereto for attaching a glass panel or facing panel.

Fig. 15 shows an end portion of the connecting rod 102. As well as this end portion may also look a complete, short connecting rod, which has only a single access opening 26.

Fig. 16 shows a curved, for example dome-like cutout of a support structure according to the invention, as it can be formed with the nodes, optionally together with said connecting rods according to the invention, both according to the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 to 7 as well as according to the second embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 15 , That's why in Fig. 16 Reference numerals of the first embodiments without parentheses and reference numerals of the second embodiments are given in parentheses.

Fig. 17 shows in an exploded view the parts of a point of account 102 according to the 8 to 12 ,

The FIGS. 18, 19 and 20 show in vertical sections of a connecting rod 2 after Fig. 1 in that on the connecting rods 2 or 102 and on the arms of the nodal points 1 and 101 glass panes or facade panels can be arranged in different ways, preferably via elastic intermediate elements 50. As an example Fig. 18 an inverted V-shaped (saddle-roof-shaped) arrangement of two glass panes 52. Fig. 19 shows two in a plane arranged glass sheets 52nd Fig. 20 shows two V-like mutually arranged glass sheets 52nd

According to the FIGS. 21 and 22 For example, the two flange plates 6 and the end plate 20 connecting these two flange plates 6 together may be a one-piece element 6/20 which has been separated from a flat plate 60 having a contour corresponding to a side view of the one-piece element. The one-piece element 6/20 can according to the FIGS. 21 and 22 in side view have the shape of a double T-profile or a U-profile or another profile. The element 6/20 is welded to the adjacent two web plates 3 of the node 1 or 101.

Claims (17)

1. A supporting structure for glass panes and cladding panels of buildings containing at least three interconnected nodal points, wherein each respective nodal point (1; 101) comprises flat web plates (3) and flat flange plates (6) composed of flat material cuttings and/or contour-cut metal sheets,
   characterized in that
   the web plates (3) and the flange plates are welded together,
   the web plates (3) project over at least one of the two flange plates (6),
   wherein the nodal points (1; 101) in each case exhibit at least three arms, each arm exhibiting two of the web plates (3) and two of the flange plates (6), wherein the flange plates (6) are arranged between said two web plates (3) and welded to said two web plates (3), and neighboring arms of the nodal point (1) are welded together by means of a structural weld (5).
2. The supporting structure according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   two closure plates (8) are arranged at the center of the nodal point one above the other at a distance and welded to the flange plates (6).
3. The supporting structure according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the two closure plates (8) of the nodal point (1; 101) are arranged directly underneath the flange plates (6) in the nodal point (1; 101) and a recess is thereby formed at the center of the nodal point.
4. The supporting structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the adjoining ends of the web plates (3) facing the center of the nodal point (1; 101) are welded together by means of a structural weld (5).
5. The supporting structure according to claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the structural weld (5) is disposed on a non-visible inner side of the nodal point (1; 101).
6. The supporting structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that
   the web plates (3) are flush with the flange plates (6) on a visible side of the nodal point (1; 101) without projection.
7. The supporting structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that
   the recess over the closure plate (8) is equalized by means of a grouting compound so as to form a level transition between the planes of the flange plates (6) of the nodal point (1; 101).
8. The supporting structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the two flange plates (6) and one end plate (20), by means of which said two flange plates (6) are connected together, together constitute a one-piece element (6/20) which is contoured out from a flat plate (60) corresponding to a side view of the one-piece element (6/20).
9. The supporting structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the nodal points (1; 101) are connected together by means of connecting bars (2), wherein the connecting bars are welded together from web plates and flange plates.
10. The supporting structure according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the connecting bars are welded to the nodal points (1).
11. The supporting structure according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the connecting bars are bolted to the nodal points (101) via screw connection means.
12. The supporting structure according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the screw connection means comprises threaded holes (32) formed in the nodal points (101) and through holes (34) formed in the connecting bars as well as bolts (24) which are insertable through the through holes and then screwable into the threaded holes.
13. The supporting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the nodal points (1) are directly connected together without connecting bars (2) being disposed between them.
14. The supporting structure according to claim 13,
    characterized in that
    the nodal points (1) are welded together.
15. The supporting structure according to claim 13,
    characterized in that
    the nodal points (1) are bolted together.
16. The supporting structure according to any one of claims 9 to 15,
    characterized in that
    the connecting bars (2) are respectively welded together from web plates (3) and flange plates (6) such that the web plates (3) project over the flange plates (6).
17. A method of manufacturing a supporting structure according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the web plates and the flange plates are made from flat material cuttings and/or contour-cut metal sheets, wherein said flat material cuttings and/or said contour-cut metal sheets are generated by means of 3D model-based computer programs and the generated data then input directly into a manufacturing system for manufacturing the flat material cuttings and/or the contour-cut metal sheets.

Images