EP1806481B1 - Steam turbine with guiding elements - Google Patents
Steam turbine with guiding elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1806481B1 EP1806481B1 EP06000348.0A EP06000348A EP1806481B1 EP 1806481 B1 EP1806481 B1 EP 1806481B1 EP 06000348 A EP06000348 A EP 06000348A EP 1806481 B1 EP1806481 B1 EP 1806481B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steam turbine
- flow
- diffuser
- turbine
- composite fibre
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/70—Shape
- F05D2250/71—Shape curved
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
- F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
- F05D2300/2102—Glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
- F05D2300/22—Non-oxide ceramics
- F05D2300/224—Carbon, e.g. graphite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/40—Organic materials
- F05D2300/43—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
- F05D2300/433—Polyamides, e.g. NYLON
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/40—Organic materials
- F05D2300/44—Resins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/614—Fibres or filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/70—Treatment or modification of materials
- F05D2300/702—Reinforcement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a steam turbine with flow guides, wherein at least one flow guide substantially consists of fiber composite material, wherein the flow guide is located in the interior of an outer casing of the steam turbine.
- flow guides in the context of the invention are all fittings to understand which affect the direction of flow, for example, redirect the flow or change the velocity vector of the flow.
- flow guides can change both the direction of the flow or that of the local velocity vector and the flow velocity, as is the case, for example, with a nozzle or a diffuser.
- WO 02/27169 A discloses a gas turbine, wherein a turbine drive is formed with a diffuser as a flow guide, wherein the flow guide may be made of a ceramic or polymeric composite material.
- the invention has made it its task to make flow control in a steam turbine more cost-effective and still have to accept no loss in the life of these components.
- the invention proposes a steam turbine with the features of claim 1.
- the dependent claims include advantageous developments of the invention, wherein the invention also covers such embodiments that are not claimed by explicit references as a combination of features.
- a decisive advantage of the steam turbine according to the invention with flow guidance is that the density of fiber composite material is substantially lower than that of the previously used steel, whereby the overall structure of the turbine housing is relieved.
- the reduction of the total mass according to the invention relieves the overall structure of the turbine housing, so that the load-bearing components of the housing and the foundations as well as the hoists provided in the machine house can be dimensioned smaller.
- Besides can be produced with significantly less effort from the fiber composite material flow-optimized contours, which leads directly to an increase in efficiency of the turbo set.
- the outer casing of steam turbines is previously characterized by unfavorable corners and edges, so that an arrangement of the flow guides according to the invention in the outer casing is appropriate.
- all streamlined edges should be provided with flow guides according to the invention.
- Steam turbines in particular low-pressure steam turbines, which regularly discharge into a condenser, naturally have a diffuser in the region of the outflow from the blading into the outer housing or the condenser, in which the flow is braked.
- the flow is conducted by means of a first flow guide, which surrounds the outflow concentric to the rotor axis and widens in the flow direction, wherein preferably a convex widening towards the rotor axis is provided.
- a conical second flow guide is arranged concentrically to the rotor axis and to the first flow guide.
- the second flow guide is in this case preferably concave toward the flow and has substantially the shape of a rotating body of a rotation body concave about the rotor axis of a bow concave to the blading channel.
- the first flow guide is flowed substantially on the inner diameter - comparable to the end of a trumpet - and the second flow guide is substantially flows laterally in the manner of a funnel-shaped damper or fitting, which with its tapered end in the end of the trumpet or points into the blading.
- the two flow guides together form the diffuser.
- At least one of the two components, preferably both according to the invention consist of fiber composites.
- the use of the fiber composite material opens the possibility that
- the second flow guide advantageously has a continuous curvature. This can be better adapted according to the invention than the conventional welded construction to minimize the flow losses. In this case, complicated three-dimensional designs can be selected that optimally guide the flow.
- a diffuser in the region of an outflow from the blading, it is expedient if it has components that are arranged completely or at least parts that are essentially concentric to the rotor axis.
- it is particularly useful in terms of assembly when the diffuser is divided in the circumferential direction about the rotor axis of the steam turbine in preferably at least partially identical segments. In this way, a small series production enables the development of further cost reduction potentials. With a sufficient number of segments, for example at 6 or 8 segments over the circumference, an automated production by means of an autoclave can be realized inexpensively.
- a segmentation in two half-shells leads to a relatively simple handling of the invention designed in lightweight diffuser. Even a one-piece complete part represents a significant relief over the prior art.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 In each case, a low-pressure turbine part is shown, wherein on the left side of the illustration, the outflow is designed in a conventional manner and on the right side of the flow guides 2a, 2b according to the invention are provided.
- the low-pressure steam turbine 1 to be operated has a bladed rotor 3, which is mounted in two bearing blocks 4.
- the steam flows through an inflow 5 in the blading 6 and exits through an outflow 7 from this.
- the entire steam turbine 1 is surrounded by an outer housing 8, which forms a continuous component together with a capacitor, not shown, below the steam turbine 1.
- the welded construction of the outer housing 8 requires several edges 9, at which the steam flow forms lossy vortex.
- flow guides 2a, 2b according to the invention which are each part of a diffuser 13, are shown in the region of the outflow 7 located on the right-hand side.
- the first flow guide 2a is formed with respect to the rotor axis 10 is substantially rotationally symmetrical and supports the deflection of the flow radially outward. It is made according to the invention of fiber composite material and mounted in the outer housing 8.
- the first flow guide 2a essentially has the shape of a rotating body rotated about the rotor axis 10 of the rotor 3 where it is formed as a convex arc 6 to the blading 6.
- the second flow guide 2b has substantially the shape of a rotating about the rotor axis 10 of the rotor 3 rotational body, wherein it is concave to the blading 6. For an ideal body of revolution exist in the illustrated embodiment, deviations in the way that the most distant from the center curvature of the arc is provided only in the upper part of the outer housing 8.
- FIG. 1 A variant of the flow guide 2b according to the invention on the outer housing 8 is in FIG. 1 shown in dashed lines.
- a compensator 14 surrounding the rotor 3 can be replaced by means of a flexible membrane section 20, the second flow guide 2b according to the invention then sealing directly with a seal to the rotor 3 Shaft seal 15 is connected.
- the second flow guide 2b is in this case supported to a first part 21 of the total extension of the outer housing 8 and a second part 22, which lies in the region of the shaft seal 15, can move within its own elasticity, so that thermal relative expansion at the connection of the outer housing 8 are compensated for the shaft seal 15.
- Both the first and the second flow guide 2a, 2b are in the in FIG. 2 shown manner from circumferentially joined together segments 30th
- the solution according to the invention can also be used advantageously in conjunction with a lateral instead of with a discharge into an under-turbine condenser, as shown in the embodiment find.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dampfturbine mit Strömungsführungen, wobei mindestens eine Strömungsführung im Wesentlichen aus Faserverbundwerkstoff besteht, wobei die Strömungsführung sich im Inneren eines Außengehäuses der Dampfturbine befindet.The invention relates to a steam turbine with flow guides, wherein at least one flow guide substantially consists of fiber composite material, wherein the flow guide is located in the interior of an outer casing of the steam turbine.
Unter Strömungsführungen im Sinn der Erfindung sind sämtliche Formstücke zu verstehen, welche die Richtung einer Strömung beeinflussen, beispielsweise die Strömung umleiten bzw. den Geschwindigkeitsvektor der Strömung verändern. Strömungsführungen können hierbei sowohl die Richtung der Strömung bzw. diejenige des lokalen Geschwindigkeitsvektors verändern als auch die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, wie dies beispielsweise bei einer Düse oder einem Diffusor der Fall ist.Under flow guides in the context of the invention are all fittings to understand which affect the direction of flow, for example, redirect the flow or change the velocity vector of the flow. In this case, flow guides can change both the direction of the flow or that of the local velocity vector and the flow velocity, as is the case, for example, with a nozzle or a diffuser.
Während der Wirkungsgrad bzw. die strömungstechnische Optimierung einer Dampfturbinenbeschauflung sich technisch sehr eng an die naturgesetzlich vorgegebenen Grenzen eines maximalen Wirkungsgrades angenähert haben, ist das strömungstechnische Umfeld um den Schaufelkanal herum häufig von vermeidbaren Strömungsverlusten geprägt. Dies ist umso erstaunlicher, da an manchen Stellen bereits das Abrunden einer in die Strömung herein stehenden Kante ausreichend wäre, Einbußen im Wirkungsgrad zu verringern. Während sich die Beschaufelung schon seit Jahrzehnten im engen Fokus der Betrachtung von Strömungstechnikern befindet, wurde dem strömungstechnischen Umfeld außer von der konstruktiven Perspektive aus nur wenig Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet.While the efficiency or the fluidic optimization of a steam turbine blast have technically very closely approximated the natural legal limits of maximum efficiency, the fluidic environment around the blade channel is often characterized by avoidable flow losses. This is all the more surprising, since in some places the rounding of an edge running into the flow would be sufficient to reduce losses in efficiency. While blading has been the focus of aerospace engineers for decades, little attention has been paid to aerodynamics except from a constructive perspective.
Jüngere Bestrebungen, Strömungsverluste in diesen Bereichen zu minimieren, zeigen jedoch, dass dieses Vorhaben mit einem beträchtlichen konstruktiven und kostenträchtigen Aufwand einhergeht. Beispielsweise befinden sich bisher in der Abströmung der Niederdruckturbine (DIN 4304) kantige Schweißkonstruktionen des Außengehäuses, die im Zusammenwirken mit den sonstigen Elementen der Abströmung einen Strömungsdiffusor ergeben, wobei erhebliche Verluste an den Kanten in Folge von unerwünschten Verwirbelungen entstehen.Recent efforts to minimize flow losses in these areas, however, show that this project is associated with a considerable constructive and costly effort. For example, are so far in the outflow the low-pressure turbine (DIN 4304) edged welded constructions of the outer housing, which result in a flow diffuser in cooperation with the other elements of the outflow, resulting in significant losses at the edges as a result of unwanted turbulence.
Eine Turbine der erläuterten Bauart ist beispielsweise bereits aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift
In der
In der
Ausgehend von den Problemen und Nachteilen des Standes der Technik hat es sich die Erfindung zur Aufgabe gemacht, Strömungsführungen in einer Dampfturbine kostengünstiger zu gestalten und dennoch keinen Verlust in der Lebensdauer dieser Bauteile hinnehmen zu müssen.Based on the problems and disadvantages of the prior art, the invention has made it its task to make flow control in a steam turbine more cost-effective and still have to accept no loss in the life of these components.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung eine Dampfturbine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vor. Die rückbezogenen Unteransprüche beinhalten vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung, wobei sich die Erfindung auch solche Ausführungsformen erfasst, die nicht durch explizite Rückbezüge als Merkmalskombination beansprucht sind.To solve the problem, the invention proposes a steam turbine with the features of
Ein entscheidender Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Dampfturbine mit Strömungsführung besteht darin, dass die Dichte von Faserverbundwerkstoff wesentlich geringer ist als diejenige des bisher benutzten Stahls, wodurch die Gesamtstruktur des Turbinengehäuses entlastet wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Verringerung der Gesamtmasse entlastet die Gesamtstruktur des Turbinengehäuses, so dass die tragenden Komponenten des Gehäuses und der Fundamente sowie auch die im Maschinenhaus vorgesehenen Hebezeuge schwächer dimensioniert werden können. Daneben lassen sich mit bedeutend weniger Aufwand aus dem Faserverbundwerkstoff strömungsoptimierte Konturen herstellen, was unmittelbar zu einer Wirkungsgradsteigerung des Turbosatzes führt.A decisive advantage of the steam turbine according to the invention with flow guidance is that the density of fiber composite material is substantially lower than that of the previously used steel, whereby the overall structure of the turbine housing is relieved. The reduction of the total mass according to the invention relieves the overall structure of the turbine housing, so that the load-bearing components of the housing and the foundations as well as the hoists provided in the machine house can be dimensioned smaller. Besides can be produced with significantly less effort from the fiber composite material flow-optimized contours, which leads directly to an increase in efficiency of the turbo set.
Insbesondere das Außengehäuse von Dampfturbinen ist bisher von ungünstigen Ecken und Kanten geprägt, so dass eine Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsführungen in dem Außengehäuse zweckmäßig ist. Bevorzugt sollten sämtliche angeströmten Kanten mit erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsführungen versehen werden.In particular, the outer casing of steam turbines is previously characterized by unfavorable corners and edges, so that an arrangement of the flow guides according to the invention in the outer casing is appropriate. Preferably, all streamlined edges should be provided with flow guides according to the invention.
Dampfturbinen, insbesondere Niederdruckdampfturbinen, welche regelmäßig in einen Kondensator abströmen, weisen im Bereich der Abströmung aus der Beschaufelung in das Außengehäuse bzw. den Kondensator naturgemäß einen Diffusor auf, in dem die Strömung abgebremst wird. Zweckmäßig ist zu diesem Zweck die Strömung mittels einer ersten Strömungsführung geleitet, welche die Abströmung konzentrisch zur Läuferachse umgibt und sich in Strömungsrichtung aufweitet, wobei vorzugsweise eine zur Läuferachse hin konvexe Aufweitung vorgesehen ist. Gleichzeitig wird die Strömung radial nach außen umgelenkt, wobei eine konische zweite Strömungsführung konzentrisch zur Läuferachse und zu der ersten Strömungsführung angeordnet ist. Die zweite Strömungsführung ist hierbei bevorzugt zur Strömung hin konkav ausgebildet und weist im Wesentlichen die Form eines um die Läuferachse rotierten Rotationskörpers eines zum Beschaufelungskanals konkaven Bogens auf. Die erste Strömungsführung wird im Wesentlichen auf dem Innendurchmesser beströmt - vergleichbar mit dem Endstück einer Trompete - und die zweite Strömungsführung wird im Wesentlichen seitlich angeströmt in der Art eines trichterförmigen Dämpfers bzw. Formstücks, das mit seinem sich verjüngenden Ende in das Endstück der Trompete bzw. in die Beschaufelung weist. Die beiden Strömungsführungen bilden gemeinsam den Diffusor. Zumindest eines der beiden Bauteile, vorzugsweise beide bestehen erfindungsgemäß aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen. Die Verwendung des Faserverbundwerkstoffes eröffnet die Möglichkeit, dass insbesondere die zweite Strömungsführung vorteilhaft einen stetigen Krümmungsverlauf aufweist. Diese kann erfindungsgemäß besser als die herkömmliche Schweißkonstruktion vollständig auf eine Minimierung der Strömungsverluste angepasst werden. Hierbei können komplizierte dreidimensionale Gestaltungen gewählt werden, die die Strömung optimal führen.Steam turbines, in particular low-pressure steam turbines, which regularly discharge into a condenser, naturally have a diffuser in the region of the outflow from the blading into the outer housing or the condenser, in which the flow is braked. Appropriately, for this purpose, the flow is conducted by means of a first flow guide, which surrounds the outflow concentric to the rotor axis and widens in the flow direction, wherein preferably a convex widening towards the rotor axis is provided. At the same time the flow is deflected radially outwards, wherein a conical second flow guide is arranged concentrically to the rotor axis and to the first flow guide. The second flow guide is in this case preferably concave toward the flow and has substantially the shape of a rotating body of a rotation body concave about the rotor axis of a bow concave to the blading channel. The first flow guide is flowed substantially on the inner diameter - comparable to the end of a trumpet - and the second flow guide is substantially flows laterally in the manner of a funnel-shaped damper or fitting, which with its tapered end in the end of the trumpet or points into the blading. The two flow guides together form the diffuser. At least one of the two components, preferably both according to the invention consist of fiber composites. The use of the fiber composite material opens the possibility that In particular, the second flow guide advantageously has a continuous curvature. This can be better adapted according to the invention than the conventional welded construction to minimize the flow losses. In this case, complicated three-dimensional designs can be selected that optimally guide the flow.
Für einen Diffusor im Bereich einer Abströmung aus der Beschaufelung ist es zweckmäßig, wenn dieser vollständig oder zumindest Teilen zur Läuferachse im Wesentlichen konzentrisch angeordnete Bauelemente aufweist. Daneben ist es insbesondere hinsichtlich der Montage sinnvoll, wenn der Diffusor in Umfangsrichtung um die Läuferachse der Dampfturbine in vorzugsweise zumindest teilweise identische Segmente unterteilt ist. Auf diese Weise ermöglicht eine Kleinserienfertigung die Erschließung weiterer Kostenreduktionspotentiale. Bei einer hinreichenden Anzahl an Segmenten, beispielsweise bei 6 oder 8 Segmenten über den Umfang, kann eine automatisierte Fertigung mittels eines Autoklaven kostengünstig realisiert werden. Auch eine Segmentierung in zwei Halbschalen führt zu einer verhältnismäßig einfachen Handhabung des erfindungsgemäß in Leichtbauweise ausgebildeten Diffusors. Selbst ein einstückiges Komplettteil stellt eine bedeutende Erleichterung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik dar.For a diffuser in the region of an outflow from the blading, it is expedient if it has components that are arranged completely or at least parts that are essentially concentric to the rotor axis. In addition, it is particularly useful in terms of assembly, when the diffuser is divided in the circumferential direction about the rotor axis of the steam turbine in preferably at least partially identical segments. In this way, a small series production enables the development of further cost reduction potentials. With a sufficient number of segments, for example at 6 or 8 segments over the circumference, an automated production by means of an autoclave can be realized inexpensively. Also, a segmentation in two half-shells leads to a relatively simple handling of the invention designed in lightweight diffuser. Even a one-piece complete part represents a significant relief over the prior art.
Besonders gute Ergebnisse, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Erosionsanfälligkeit, können bei Verwendung von Glasfaser-verstärktem, Kohlenstofffaser-verstärktem oder Aramidfaser-verstärktem Kunststoff erzielt werden. Eine hohe Festigkeit bei gleichzeitig guten Verarbeitungseigenschaften kann erzielt werden, wenn der Faserverbundwerkstoff als Matrixwerkstoff Epoxidharz oder Phenolharz oder Bismaleimid oder Cyanatharz aufweist.Particularly good results, in particular with regard to the susceptibility to erosion, can be achieved with the use of glass fiber reinforced, carbon fiber reinforced or aramid fiber reinforced plastic. A high strength with good processing properties can be achieved if the fiber composite material as a matrix material epoxy or phenolic resin or bismaleimide or cyanate resin.
In der Folge ist die Erfindung anhand eines speziellen Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf Zeichnungen ohne Einschränkungen auf das Ausführungsbeispiel zur Verdeutlichung näher beschrieben.In the following the invention with reference to a specific embodiment with reference to drawings without limitation to the embodiment for clarity is described in more detail.
Es zeigen:
Figur 1- jeweils einen Längsschnitt durch eine Niederdruckteilturbine mit erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsführungen,
- Figur 2
- eine schematische Darstellung der Umfangssegmentierung einer Strömungsführung nach der Erfindung.
- FIG. 1
- in each case a longitudinal section through a low-pressure turbine section with flow guides according to the invention,
- FIG. 2
- a schematic representation of the circumferential segmentation of a flow guide according to the invention.
In den
Die im Niederdruck zu betreibende Dampfturbine 1 weist einen beschaufelten Läufer 3 auf, der in zwei Lagerböcken 4 gelagert ist. Der Dampf strömt durch eine Einströmung 5 in die Beschaufelung 6 ein und tritt durch eine Abströmung 7 aus dieser aus. Die gesamte Dampfturbine 1 ist von einem Außengehäuse 8 umgeben, welches gemeinsam mit einem nicht dargestellten Kondensator unterhalb der Dampfturbine 1 ein durchgehendes Bauteil bildet. Die Schweißkonstruktion des Außengehäuses 8 bedingt mehrere Kanten 9, an welchen die Dampfströmung verlustreiche Wirbel bildet. Um Strömungsverluste in dem Bereich zu minimieren, sind erfindungsgemäße Strömungsführungen 2a, 2b, welche jeweils Bestandteil eines Diffusors 13 sind, im Bereich der auf der rechten Seite befindlichen Abströmung 7 dargestellt.The low-
An der Abströmung 7 befindet sich eine erste Strömungsführung 2a. Die erste Strömungsführung 2a ist in Bezug auf die Läuferachse 10 im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet und unterstützt die Umlenkung der Strömung nach radial außen. Sie ist erfindungsgemäß aus Faserverbundwerkstoff hergestellt und im Außengehäuse 8 angebracht.At the outflow 7 is a
Die erste Strömungsführung 2a weist im Wesentlichen die Form eines um die Läuferachse 10 des Läufers 3 rotierten Rotationskörpers auf, wobei er als ein zur Beschaufelung 6 konvexer Bogen 12 ausgebildet ist.The
Die zweite Strömungsführung 2b weist im Wesentlichen die Form eines um die Läuferachse 10 des Läufers 3 rotierten Rotationskörpers auf, wobei er zur Beschaufelung 6 konkav ausgebildet ist. Zu einem idealen Rotationskörper bestehen bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel Abweichungen in der Art, dass die von dem Zentrum entfernteste Krümmung des Bogens nur im oberen Teil des Außengehäuses 8 vorgesehen ist.The
Eine Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsführung 2b an dem Außengehäuse 8 ist in
Sowohl die erste als auch die zweite Strömungsführung 2a, 2b bestehen in der in
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung kann auch mit Vorteil Anwendung in Verbindung mit einer seitlichen statt mit einer Abströmung in einen unter der Turbine befindlichen Kondensator, wie sie das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt, finden.The solution according to the invention can also be used advantageously in conjunction with a lateral instead of with a discharge into an under-turbine condenser, as shown in the embodiment find.
Claims (5)
- Steam turbine (1) with guide elements,
wherein the guide elements (2a, 2b) are located inside an outer housing (8) of the steam turbine (1),
wherein the guide elements (2a, 2b) are formed divided into segments in the circumferential direction about the rotor axis (10) of the steam turbine (1),
wherein the steam turbine (1) has a rotor (3) and a shaft seal (15) which seals with respect to the rotor (3),
characterized in that
at least one guide element (2a, 2b) consists essentially of composite fibre material,
wherein a diffuser (13) consisting essentially of composite fibre material is provided as a guide element (2a, 2b) in the region of an outflow (7) from a blading (6),
wherein the diffuser (13) comprises a first guide element (2a) made of composite fibre material which is arranged in the region of an outflow (7) from a blading (6) of the turbine, and substantially comprises a ring which, widening in the flow direction in a convex manner, surrounds the outflow (7),
wherein the diffuser (13) comprises a second guide element (2b) made of composite fibre material which is substantially in the shape of a body of rotation, rotated about the rotor axis (10), of an arc (12) which is concave with respect to the blading (6),
wherein the second guide element (2b) is arranged such that the flow is deflected radially outwards from the concave surface, and
the second guide element (2b) is directly connected in a sealing manner to the shaft seal (15). - Steam turbine (1) according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the diffuser (13) is formed as two half-shells in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation of the turbine. - Steam turbine (1) according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the arc (12) has a constant curvature profile. - Steam turbine (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the composite fibre material is in the form of a synthetic material reinforced with glass fibres, carbon fibres or aramid fibres. - Steam turbine (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the matrix material of the composite fibre material is epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide or cyanate resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06000348.0A EP1806481B1 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2006-01-09 | Steam turbine with guiding elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06000348.0A EP1806481B1 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2006-01-09 | Steam turbine with guiding elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1806481A1 EP1806481A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
| EP1806481B1 true EP1806481B1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
Family
ID=36602562
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06000348.0A Ceased EP1806481B1 (en) | 2006-01-09 | 2006-01-09 | Steam turbine with guiding elements |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1806481B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3522916A1 (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1987-01-08 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | TURBO SET WITH AT LEAST ONE LOW-PRESSURE PART TURBINE, WHICH HAS AN OUTER HOUSING AND A COAXIAL INTERNAL HOUSING, AND WITH HIGH PRESSURE AND / OR MEDIUM PRESSURE TURBINES |
| NL1001183C2 (en) * | 1995-09-13 | 1997-03-20 | Tno | Exhaust device for a turbine engine. |
| SE520576C2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2003-07-29 | Turbec Ab | Connection device for a heat engine unit |
-
2006
- 2006-01-09 EP EP06000348.0A patent/EP1806481B1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1806481A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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