EP1806283B1 - Moteur hors-bord pour bateau - Google Patents

Moteur hors-bord pour bateau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1806283B1
EP1806283B1 EP20070000148 EP07000148A EP1806283B1 EP 1806283 B1 EP1806283 B1 EP 1806283B1 EP 20070000148 EP20070000148 EP 20070000148 EP 07000148 A EP07000148 A EP 07000148A EP 1806283 B1 EP1806283 B1 EP 1806283B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
voltage source
outboard drive
current
power supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20070000148
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1806283A3 (fr
EP1806283A2 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich BÖBEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Torqeedo GmbH
Original Assignee
Torqeedo GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority claimed from EP06003961A external-priority patent/EP1806280A1/fr
Application filed by Torqeedo GmbH filed Critical Torqeedo GmbH
Priority to EP20070000148 priority Critical patent/EP1806283B1/fr
Publication of EP1806283A2 publication Critical patent/EP1806283A2/fr
Publication of EP1806283A3 publication Critical patent/EP1806283A3/fr
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Publication of EP1806283B1 publication Critical patent/EP1806283B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H20/00—Outboard propulsion units, e.g. outboard motors or Z-drives; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H20/007—Trolling propulsion units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outboard drive for a boat with an electric motor and to a power supply line and a connected to the power supply line contacting device for connecting a DC voltage source.
  • Outboard engines are among the most widely used propulsion systems for smaller boats.
  • An outboard drive is a complete propulsion unit with motor, propeller, and assistive systems such as a transmission or electronic control unit.
  • the outboard drive is usually attached to the stern of the boat.
  • Outboard drives are available with either petrol or electric motors.
  • the power supply usually takes place via batteries or accumulators (rechargeable batteries).
  • accumulators rechargeable batteries
  • Electronically commutated electric motors are shielded on the input side with capacitors against the battery tofastpuffem harmonics and keep away from the electronics. When connecting the battery, these buffer capacitors can cause high charging current surges, which can lead to sparking and contact burn.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to develop an outboard drive of the type mentioned so that the above problems are avoided as possible.
  • an outboard drive for a boat having an electric motor and a power supply line and a contacting device connected to the power supply line for connecting a DC voltage source, wherein the contacting device has a first and a second contact stage, wherein in the first contact stage, a current limiting element between the DC voltage source and the power supply line is connected.
  • the outboard drive is equipped with a contacting device, which establishes the contact between the DC voltage source and the power supply line.
  • the contacting device has at least two different contact stages.
  • a current limiting element is connected between the connected DC voltage source and the power supply line.
  • the current limiting element limits the flowing current in the first contact stage, so that the capacitances contained in the connected consumer circuit, that is in the electric motor and in the other electrical components, in particular buffer capacitors, can be charged slowly without Current spikes and charging current surges occur.
  • current limiting element in the following means active or passive electrical or electronic components which limit the current flowing from the DC voltage source to the power supply line current on average. This can be done, in particular, by using an ohmic resistance as the current limiting element or by limiting the time-averaged current by means of a pulse generator, which only permits the current flow temporarily. The maximum current can be adjusted in the latter case via the pulse length and / or the pulse repetition rate.
  • the DC voltage source is preferably connected directly to the power supply line. This means that between the DC voltage source and the power supply line are switched to the unavoidable resistance of the electrical leads of the contactor no active or passive electrical components, such as resistors or inductors.
  • a switching element for example a MOSFET, between the DC voltage source and the power supply line, which is opened in the first contact stage and prevents the current flow and is closed in the second contact stage so that the current can flow via the switching element.
  • the ohmic resistance of the switching element in the current-conducting position should be as low as possible in this case.
  • the power supply usually takes place via batteries or accumulators (rechargeable batteries), for example lead-acid accumulators.
  • batteries are often relatively large and heavy, so that they are not usually mounted directly on the outboard drive, but are housed in the boat.
  • storage of the batteries in the boat inevitably reduces the available space for passengers or payload space within the boat.
  • the electrical lines must be designed for the high currents, for example up to 100 A, which can flow during the operation of electric motors. Due to the high currents, relatively high ohmic losses occur in all current-carrying lines if the line lengths are not kept as short as possible and / or the line cross-sections are as large as possible. However, large cable cross-sections are associated with the disadvantage of high weight.
  • the outboard drive has a place for receiving the DC voltage source, that is, the DC voltage source is integrated into the outboard drive or can be integrated into this.
  • the DC voltage source is integrated into the outboard drive or can be integrated into this.
  • a suitable receiving device for the DC voltage source provided, in which the DC voltage source can be recorded and fixed.
  • the DC voltage source By arranging the DC voltage source as part of the outboard drive, the electrical conduction paths between the DC voltage source and the electric motor or the electrical components associated with the electric motor are shortened as much as possible. Due to the short cable paths, the ohmic resistance in the cables is kept low, without requiring particularly large cable cross-sections. The mentioned weight problem with cables, which cause large currents of up to 100 A, is thereby avoided.
  • connection of the electric motor to the DC voltage source is optimized in terms of electromagnetic compatibility.
  • Galvanic elements primary cells or secondary cells, and particularly preferably accumulators, very particularly preferably lithium-manganese accumulators, are preferably used as DC voltage source.
  • the outboard drive on a housing which einhaust at least a portion of the outboard drive.
  • a DC voltage source is provided as an energy source for the electric motor.
  • the DC voltage source is integrated into the outboard drive and protected by the housing against external influences, in particular against splash water.
  • the outboard drive has an upper, an underwater part and a shaft connecting the upper part and the lower water part, wherein the housing houses at least a part of the upper part.
  • the DC voltage source is housed in this case in the upper part, more precisely in the part of the upper part, which is provided with the housing.
  • the shaft is used to receive the DC voltage source.
  • the DC voltage source takes place in the shaft connecting the upper part and the lower part. It is also possible that the DC voltage source is arranged in the shaft and in the upper part.
  • the DC voltage source may consist of a plurality of individual cells, with part of the cells in the shaft and another part of the cells in the upper part. Basically, the inclusion of the DC voltage source or a part thereof in the underwater part is conceivable, but such a constellation is often difficult to realize for reasons of space.
  • the housing may extend over the entire outboard drive or enclose only part of the outboard drive.
  • a plurality of housings may be provided, for example a housing housing the upper part and a separate housing for the shaft.
  • the DC voltage source is provided with contacts which are directly connectable to the contacting device.
  • the contacts are mounted directly on the DC voltage source, so that no further electrical lines between the contacting and DC voltage source must be provided.
  • the contacting device has, in addition to a connection for the negative pole of the DC voltage source, two connection contacts, a first and a second connection contact, for the positive pole of the DC voltage source, wherein the current limiting element is connected to the first connection contact.
  • the second connection contact is connected directly to the power supply line.
  • the two contact stages are realized by connecting to two different terminal contacts.
  • the positive pole of the DC voltage source can be connected to the first and / or the second terminal contact.
  • the current flows through a current limiting element, for example an ohmic resistance, so that the electrical and electronic components located in the outboard drive are protected against high current surges.
  • connection contact When connecting the DC voltage source, first a conductive connection to the first connection contact is made. In a second phase, the second contact stage, the connection is made to the second terminal contact of the contacting, which has no current-limiting elements.
  • connection contact it is also possible to carry out the first and the second connection contact in such a way that the DC voltage source is connected to both connection contacts in the second contact stage, the current limiting element connected to the first connection contact being bridged by the connection of the DC voltage source to the second connection contact.
  • connection of the DC voltage source to the power supply line takes place at least in two stages.
  • the two contact stages can, as stated above, be realized by separate terminal contacts, which are connected in succession to the DC voltage source.
  • the two-stage can also be achieved by a suitable circuit provided in the contacting device which switches a current limiting element between the terminal contact and the power supply line only in the first contact stage and which allows an unlimited current flow between the terminal contact and power supply line in the second contact stage.
  • the first contact stage of the contacting device and then the second contact stage is connected when connecting the DC voltage source in the space provided for their recording first, that is, the two contact stages are passed through successively.
  • the contacting device is preferably designed so that when connecting the DC voltage source to the second contact stage previously always a connection of the DC voltage source has been made with the first contact stage. This will ensure that in one Initially always flows only limited by the current limiting element current. The current limit is bridged or bypassed only when switching to the second contact stage.
  • the contacting device It is not absolutely necessary to provide the contacting device with separate connection contacts in order to produce a first and a second contact stage. It is also possible to connect the positive pole of the DC voltage source only via a terminal contact to the power supply line, said terminal contact is in turn connected to a current limiting element. The switching from the first to the second contact stage then takes place, for example, by bridging the current limiting element. The bridging of the current limiting element is preferably carried out automatically and / or time-controlled.
  • the contacting device has a first and a second connection contact, wherein a current-limiting resistor is connected between the first connection contact and the power supply line, while a switching element, for example a MOSFET, is connected between the second connection contact and the power supply line.
  • a current-limiting resistor is connected between the first connection contact and the power supply line
  • a switching element for example a MOSFET
  • the positive pole of the DC voltage source is connected to both the first and the second terminal contact.
  • the negative terminal of the DC voltage source is also connected to the corresponding terminal contact of the contacting device.
  • the switching element is opened, so that no current flows through the second connection contact.
  • the line between the first terminal and the power supply line with the current limiting element serves as a measuring line to determine whether the DC voltage source is properly connected to the terminal contacts. Since the first line is designed with a current limiting element and therefore only a small current flows, sparking does not occur when the DC voltage source is connected to the first connection contact.
  • the DC voltage source is properly connected to the contacting device, this is detected via the first line serving as the measuring line and the switching element is closed.
  • a microcontroller is provided which, depending on the input signal of the measuring line, the switching element controls. In this second contact stage, the current then flows directly bypassing the current limiting element via the second terminal contact.
  • the current is limited in order to avoid current spikes and charging current surges. After this initial phase, the current limit is canceled.
  • the transition between the first, current-limited contact stage and the second contact stage can be abrupt in one stage or over several stages, in which the current limit is reduced in each case. Likewise, a continuous reduction of the current limit from an initial value to zero is possible.
  • a first and a second terminal contact are successively arranged so that when connecting the DC voltage source to the second terminal contact this is forced past the first terminal contact, wherein the contact between the DC voltage source and the first terminal contact is closed.
  • the recording and the connection of the DC voltage source can also be achieved via a bayonet-type connection.
  • the DC voltage source is first connected by movement in a first direction with the contacting device, wherein the first contact stage is closed. Only after closing the first contact stage, it is possible to bring the DC voltage source in a second position, wherein the DC voltage source comes into contact with the second contact stage.
  • the space for receiving the DC voltage source is advantageously designed so that the DC voltage source can only be accommodated in a defined position. In this way, a connection of the DC voltage source with incorrect polarity is prevented.
  • the figures show an outboard drive according to the invention.
  • the outboard drive has an upper part 1, a shaft 2 and a lower water part 3.
  • In the lower part 3 there is an electric motor 4 and a control unit 5 for controlling the electric motor 4.
  • the electric motor 4 and the control unit 5 can via a power supply line 6, which through the shaft 2 is led to the upper part 1, are supplied with power.
  • a contacting device 7 is connected to the power supply line 6.
  • a protection circuit 13 protects all electronic components in case of malfunction, such as overvoltages.
  • the upper part 1 has a housing 8 and within the housing 8 a receiving device 9 for a battery 10.
  • the battery 10 When connecting the battery 10 to the contacting device 7, the battery 10 is inserted into the receiving device 9, wherein the positive terminal 14 of the battery 10 comes into contact with the terminal 11 of the contacting device 7. Between the terminal 11 and the power supply line 6, an ohmic resistor 12 is connected, which limits the current flowing from the battery 10 to the electric motor 4 and the control unit 5 current. The minus pole of the battery 10, which is not shown in the figure, is connected to the corresponding connection contact. In this first phase of connecting the battery 10, the capacitances contained in the control unit 5 and the protection circuit 13 are slowly charged without charging current peaks occur.
  • the receiving device 9 is designed so that the battery 10 is always connected first when inserting the first terminal 11, that is, that initially always flows through the ohmic resistor 12 limited current.
  • the power supply line in the first contact stage would first be connected to the zone of the contact tongue, which has a higher ohmic resistance for current limiting.
  • the increase in resistance can be done for example by suitable coating of the contact tongue of the positive pole.
  • the power supply line is connected to the zone of the contact tongue of the positive pole, which has no current limiting element.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the contactor according to the invention.
  • a connecting line 11 is connected to a resistor 12.
  • a further line 21 is connected to the positive terminal 14.
  • the lines 11 and 21 terminate in a common plug, so that they can always be connected only to the positive terminal 14 together.
  • the negative terminal 22 is connected to the corresponding contact 23.
  • a switching element 24 preferably a MOSFET, connected, which can be controlled via a microcontroller 25.
  • the microcontroller 25 After connecting the battery 10, the microcontroller 25 checks whether a proper contact of the plug, that is, the lines 11 and 14, with the positive terminal 14 has come about. In this first contact stage, the MOSFET 24 is opened, so that only a small current flows through the current limiting element 12. If detected by the microcontroller 25 a proper contact is, the microcontroller 25 controls the MOSFET 24 and closes the MOSFET 24. In this second contact stage, the maximum current then flows through the MOSFET 24th

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord pour un bateau, comprenant un moteur électrique (4) ainsi qu'un câble d'arrivée du courant (6) et un dispositif de contact (7) raccordé au câble d'arrivée du courant (6) pour le raccordement d'une source de tension continue (10), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de contact (7) présente un premier et un deuxième niveau de contact (11, 15), un élément de limitation du courant (12) étant branché dans le premier niveau de contact (11) entre la source de tension continue (10) et le câble d'arrivée du courant (6).
  2. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord présente de la place (9) pour accueillir la source de tension continue (10).
  3. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord présente un boîtier (8) qui héberge au moins une partie du mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord, de la place (9) pour accueillir la source de tension continue (10) étant prévue à l'intérieur du boîtier (8).
  4. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que dans le deuxième niveau de contact (15), la source de tension continue (10) est raccordée directement au câble d'arrivée du courant (6).
  5. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de contact (7) présente deux bornes (11, 15), l'élément de limitation du courant (12) étant raccordé à la première borne (11).
  6. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que lors de l'accueil de la source de tension continue (10) dans la place (9) prévue pour son accueil, d'abord le premier niveau de contact (11) du dispositif de contact (7) et ensuite le deuxième niveau de contact (15) sont fermés.
  7. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord présente une partie supérieure (1), une partie immergée dans l'eau (3) et un arbre (2) qui relie la partie supérieure (1) et la partie immergée dans l'eau (3), le boîtier (8) hébergeant au moins une partie de la partie supérieure (1) et/ou de l'arbre.
  8. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la place destinée à accueillir la source de tension continue est réalisée de telle sorte que la source de tension continue ne peut être accueillie que dans une position définie.
  9. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de contact présente un premier et un deuxième contact de raccordement, l'élément de limitation du courant étant relié au premier contact de raccordement et un élément de commutation étant relié au deuxième contact de raccordement.
  10. Mécanisme d'entraînement hors-bord selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un élément de contrôle qui commande l'élément de commutation en fonction du courant qui circule à travers l'élément de limitation du courant.
EP20070000148 2006-01-05 2007-01-04 Moteur hors-bord pour bateau Active EP1806283B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20070000148 EP1806283B1 (fr) 2006-01-05 2007-01-04 Moteur hors-bord pour bateau

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006001010 2006-01-05
EP06003961A EP1806280A1 (fr) 2006-01-05 2006-02-27 Moteur hors-bord pour bateaux
EP20070000148 EP1806283B1 (fr) 2006-01-05 2007-01-04 Moteur hors-bord pour bateau

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1806283A2 EP1806283A2 (fr) 2007-07-11
EP1806283A3 EP1806283A3 (fr) 2009-05-27
EP1806283B1 true EP1806283B1 (fr) 2011-03-09

Family

ID=37989149

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20070000148 Active EP1806283B1 (fr) 2006-01-05 2007-01-04 Moteur hors-bord pour bateau

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP1806283B1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4193683B2 (ja) * 2003-12-03 2008-12-10 スズキ株式会社 電動式船外機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1806283A3 (fr) 2009-05-27
EP1806283A2 (fr) 2007-07-11

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