EP1806281A1 - Method for controlling an electric motor for boat - Google Patents
Method for controlling an electric motor for boat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1806281A1 EP1806281A1 EP06003968A EP06003968A EP1806281A1 EP 1806281 A1 EP1806281 A1 EP 1806281A1 EP 06003968 A EP06003968 A EP 06003968A EP 06003968 A EP06003968 A EP 06003968A EP 1806281 A1 EP1806281 A1 EP 1806281A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- voltage
- current
- boat
- maximum current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H20/00—Outboard propulsion units, e.g. outboard motors or Z-drives; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H20/007—Trolling propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling an electric boat engine, which is powered by a battery with power, wherein at most a maximum current is withdrawn from the battery.
- batteries are comparatively large and heavy, so that only a limited number of batteries can be accommodated on the boat. Accordingly, the range of an electrically powered boat is limited by the capacity of the battery.
- the remaining capacity of the battery should always be so great that the boat still reaches a safe point of contact, for example a harbor, and does not drive maneuverable on the water.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to show a method for controlling an electric boat engine, which allows for a given residual capacity of the battery increased residual range of the boat.
- This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned above, wherein the battery voltage is measured and the maximum current is reduced when the battery voltage falls below a threshold voltage.
- the invention is based on the recognition that the battery voltage can be used as an indicator of the residual capacity. It has been determined that the battery voltage depends on the one hand on the state of charge of the battery, on the other hand from the current drain. After the charging process, the battery voltage has a maximum value, hereinafter referred to as LadeendLite. As the battery discharges, the battery voltage slowly drops until the voltage collapses. The battery voltage is also dependent on the current drain. The larger the current drawn by the battery, the lower the battery voltage.
- This dual dependence of the battery voltage on the state of charge of the battery on the one hand, from the current drain on the other hand, is used according to the invention to increase the remaining range of an electric motor boat, the electric motor is powered by a battery.
- the battery voltage is measured and compared with a predetermined value, hereinafter referred to as the limit voltage. If the current battery voltage falls below the limit voltage, this is an indicator of a low residual capacity of the battery. According to the invention, the electric motor is switched to a more economical driving style in this case.
- the maximum current drawn from the battery is limited to a maximum current which is lower than the maximum previously drawn from the battery power.
- the maximum current is again reduced when the limit voltage is undershot again. This can be done several times, so that the electric motor is gradually switched to an ever slower and more economical driving.
- the inventive method is particularly suitable for controlling electric boat engines that are powered by high-current batteries, especially lithium batteries, most preferably by a lithium-manganese battery.
- batteries such as lithium manganese batteries
- batteries are irreversibly damaged if the battery voltage falls below a minimum value. It is therefore advantageous, when falling below a predetermined minimum voltage, to completely interrupt the flow of current from the battery, that is, in particular to switch off the electric boat engine.
- the minimum voltage is chosen so large that no damage to the battery occur.
- the lithium-manganese battery is used to power a boat electric motor, in particular for supplying an electronically commutated synchronous motor.
- the battery After charging, the battery has a final charge voltage of 4.2 V.
- the rated voltage of the lithium-manganese cells is 3.7 V.
- the boat engine is initially operated with a charged battery with a maximum current of 1 C, that is, with a battery capacity of for example, 100 Ah, at most a current of 100 A is subtracted.
- the battery voltage is constantly monitored during engine operation. If the battery voltage falls below a predetermined threshold voltage of 3.0 V, this is an indication that the capacity of the battery will be exhausted in the near future with a constant high current drain. According to the invention, therefore, at this point A, the maximum current to be taken from the battery is limited to 0.1 ° C. This means that the electric motor is switched to a slower but more economical drive.
- the engine will be switched off for safety reasons to avoid complete discharge and damage to the batteries.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Regelung eines Elektro-Bootsmotors, der von einer Batterie mit Strom versorgt wird, wobei von der Batterie höchstens ein Maximalstrom abgezogen wird.The invention relates to a method for controlling an electric boat engine, which is powered by a battery with power, wherein at most a maximum current is withdrawn from the battery.
Aufgrund strengerer Umweltschutzbestimmungen werden auf Seen und auch im küstennahen Bereich verstärkt Boote mit Elektroantrieben eingesetzt. Gegenüber Verbrennungsmotoren haben diese den Vorteil, geräuscharm zu sein und das Wasser nicht zu verschmutzen, was ansonsten insbesondere bei Zwei-Takt-Verbrennungsmotoren der Fall ist.Owing to stricter environmental protection regulations, boats with electric drives are increasingly used on lakes and also in the coastal area. Compared with internal combustion engines, these have the advantage of being quiet and not pollute the water, which is otherwise the case especially in two-stroke internal combustion engines.
Die für den Betrieb von Elektromotoren notwendige elektrische Energie wird von Batterien zur Verfügung gestellt. Batterien sind allerdings vergleichsweise groß und schwer, so dass auf dem Boot nur eine begrenzte Anzahl Batterien untergebracht werden kann. Entsprechend wird die Reichweite eines elektrisch angetriebenen Bootes durch die Kapazität der Batterie begrenzt.The necessary for the operation of electric motors electrical energy is provided by batteries. However, batteries are comparatively large and heavy, so that only a limited number of batteries can be accommodated on the boat. Accordingly, the range of an electrically powered boat is limited by the capacity of the battery.
Die Restkapazität der Batterie sollte stets so groß sein, dass das Boot noch einen sicheren Anlaufpunkt, beispielsweise einen Hafen, erreicht und nicht manövrierunfähig auf dem Wasser treibt.The remaining capacity of the battery should always be so great that the boat still reaches a safe point of contact, for example a harbor, and does not drive maneuverable on the water.
Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren zur Regelung eines Elektro-Bootsmotors aufzuzeigen, welches bei gegebener Restkapazität der Batterie eine erhöhte Restreichweite des Bootes ermöglicht.Object of the present invention is therefore to show a method for controlling an electric boat engine, which allows for a given residual capacity of the battery increased residual range of the boat.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei die Batteriespannung gemessen wird und der Maximalstrom verringert wird, wenn die Batteriespannung eine Grenzspannung unterschreitet.This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned above, wherein the battery voltage is measured and the maximum current is reduced when the battery voltage falls below a threshold voltage.
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass die Batteriespannung als Indikator für die Restkapazität herangezogen werden kann. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die Batteriespannung zum einen vom Ladezustand der Batterie, zum anderen von der Stromentnahme abhängt. Nach dem Ladevorgang besitzt die Batteriespannung einen maximalen Wert, im Folgenden als Ladeendspannung bezeichnet. Mit fortschreitender Entladung der Batterie sinkt die Batteriespannung langsam ab, bis die Spannung zusammenbricht. Die Batteriespannung ist aber auch von der Stromentnahme abhängig. Je größer der von der Batterie abgezogene Strom ist, desto geringer ist die Batteriespannung.The invention is based on the recognition that the battery voltage can be used as an indicator of the residual capacity. It has been determined that the battery voltage depends on the one hand on the state of charge of the battery, on the other hand from the current drain. After the charging process, the battery voltage has a maximum value, hereinafter referred to as Ladeendspannung. As the battery discharges, the battery voltage slowly drops until the voltage collapses. The battery voltage is also dependent on the current drain. The larger the current drawn by the battery, the lower the battery voltage.
Diese zweifache Abhängigkeit der Batteriespannung vom Ladezustand der Batterie einerseits, von der Stromentnahme andererseits, wird erfindungsgemäß zur Erhöhung der Restreichweite eines Elektromotorbootes genutzt, dessen Elektromotor von einer Batterie versorgt wird.This dual dependence of the battery voltage on the state of charge of the battery on the one hand, from the current drain on the other hand, is used according to the invention to increase the remaining range of an electric motor boat, the electric motor is powered by a battery.
Hierzu wird die Batteriespannung gemessen und mit einem vorgegebenen Wert, im Folgenden als Grenzspannung bezeichnet, verglichen. Unterschreitet die aktuelle Batteriespannung die Grenzspannung, so ist dies ein Indikator für eine geringe Restkapazität der Batterie. Erfindungsgemäß wird in diesem Fall der Elektromotor auf eine wirtschaftlichere Fahrweise umgeschaltet. Der maximal von der Batterie abgezogene Strom wird auf einen Maximalstrom begrenzt, welcher niedriger ist als der zuvor maximal von der Batterie abgezogene Strom.For this purpose, the battery voltage is measured and compared with a predetermined value, hereinafter referred to as the limit voltage. If the current battery voltage falls below the limit voltage, this is an indicator of a low residual capacity of the battery. According to the invention, the electric motor is switched to a more economical driving style in this case. The maximum current drawn from the battery is limited to a maximum current which is lower than the maximum previously drawn from the battery power.
Bei geringerer Stromentnahme kann bei gegebener Restkapazität der Batterie eine größere Restreichweite erzielt werden. Der Elektromotor wird wirtschaftlicher betrieben.With a lower current drain, a larger residual range can be achieved for a given residual capacity of the battery. The electric motor is operated more economically.
Von Vorteil wird bei nochmaligem Unterschreiten der Grenzspannung der Maximalstrom wiederum verringert. Dies kann mehrfach erfolgen, so dass der Elektromotor stufenweise in eine immer langsamere und wirtschaftlichere Fahrweise umgeschaltet wird.Advantageously, the maximum current is again reduced when the limit voltage is undershot again. This can be done several times, so that the electric motor is gradually switched to an ever slower and more economical driving.
Es ist auch vorteilhaft, mehrere Grenzspannungen vorzusehen, wobei der Maximalstrom in einer ersten Stufe verringert wird, wenn die Batteriespannung die größte der Grenzspannungen unterschreitet. Die Stromentnahme wird auf diesen neuen Maximalstrom beschränkt, bis die Batteriespannung unter die zweite niedrigere Grenzspannung sinkt. Dann erfolgt eine weitere Reduktion des Maximalstroms.It is also advantageous to provide a plurality of limit voltages, wherein the maximum current is reduced in a first stage when the battery voltage the largest of the limit voltages falls below. The current drain is limited to this new maximum current until the battery voltage drops below the second lower limit voltage. Then there is a further reduction of the maximum current.
Auf diese Weise wird ein allmähliches und gleichmäßigeres Umschalten von schneller Fahrt auf die wirtschaftlichere, langsamere Fahrt zur optimalen Ausnutzung der Restkapazität der Batterie erreicht.In this way, a gradual and more uniform switch from fast drive to the more economical, slower ride for optimal utilization of the remaining capacity of the battery is achieved.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zur Regelung von Elektrobootsmotoren, die von hochstromfähigen Batterien, insbesondere Lithium-Batterien, ganz besonders bevorzugt von einer Lithium-Mangan-Batterie, versorgt werden.The inventive method is particularly suitable for controlling electric boat engines that are powered by high-current batteries, especially lithium batteries, most preferably by a lithium-manganese battery.
Teilweise werden Batterien, beispielsweise Lithium-Mangan-Batterien, irreversibel beschädigt, wenn die Batteriespannung einen Minimalwert unterschreitet. Es ist daher von Vorteil, bei Unterschreiten einer vorgegebenen Minimalspannung den Stromfluss von der Batterie vollständig zu unterbrechen, das heißt, insbesondere den Elektro-Bootsmotor abzuschalten. Die Minimalspannung wird so groß gewählt, dass noch keine Schäden an der Batterie auftreten.In some cases, batteries, such as lithium manganese batteries, are irreversibly damaged if the battery voltage falls below a minimum value. It is therefore advantageous, when falling below a predetermined minimum voltage, to completely interrupt the flow of current from the battery, that is, in particular to switch off the electric boat engine. The minimum voltage is chosen so large that no damage to the battery occur.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von dem in der Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt die
- Figur
- die Abhängigkeit der Batteriespannung von der einer Lithium-Mangan-Batterie entnommenen Ladung.
- figure
- the dependence of the battery voltage on the charge taken from a lithium-manganese battery.
In der Figur ist die Abhängigkeit der Batteriespannung einer Lithium-Mangan-Batterie in Abhängigkeit von deren Ladezustand, das heißt, der entnommenen Ladung, für drei verschiedene Stromentnahmen dargestellt. Die mit "1 C" bezeichnete Kurve zeigt diese Abhängigkeit für den Fall, dass von der Batterie ein solcher Strom abgezogen wird, dass deren Kapazität in einer Stunde erschöpft ist. Die mit "0,1 C" und "0,01 C" gekennzeichneten Kurven zeigen entsprechend den Verlauf der Batteriespannung, wenn ein 0,1-facher beziehungsweise ein 0,01-facher Strom der Batterie entnommen wird.In the figure, the dependence of the battery voltage of a lithium-manganese battery depending on the state of charge, that is, the charge removed, shown for three different current draws. The curve labeled "1 C" shows this dependency in the event that such a current is subtracted from the battery that its capacity is exhausted in one hour. The curves labeled "0.1 C" and "0.01 C" respectively show the course of the battery voltage, when a 0.1-fold or a 0.01-fold current of the battery is removed.
Die Lithium-Mangan-Batterie wird zur Stromversorgung eines Boots-Elektromotors, insbesondere zur Versorgung eines elektronisch kommutierten Synchronmotors, eingesetzt.The lithium-manganese battery is used to power a boat electric motor, in particular for supplying an electronically commutated synchronous motor.
Nach dem Ladevorgang besitzt die Batterie eine Ladeendspannung von 4,2 V. Die Nennspannung der Lithium-Mangan-Zellen beträgt 3,7 V. Der Bootsmotor wird anfänglich bei geladener Batterie mit einem Maximalstrom von 1 C betrieben, das heißt, bei einer Batteriekapazität von beispielsweise 100 Ah wird höchstens ein Strom von 100 A abgezogen.After charging, the battery has a final charge voltage of 4.2 V. The rated voltage of the lithium-manganese cells is 3.7 V. The boat engine is initially operated with a charged battery with a maximum current of 1 C, that is, with a battery capacity of for example, 100 Ah, at most a current of 100 A is subtracted.
Die Batteriespannung wird während des Motorbetriebes laufend überwacht. Sinkt die Batteriespannung unter eine vorgegebene Grenzspannung von 3,0 V, so ist das ein Anzeichen dafür, dass die Kapazität der Batterie bei gleichbleibend großer Stromentnahme in Kürze erschöpft sein wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird daher an diesem Punkt A der maximal der Batterie zu entnehmende Strom auf 0,1 C beschränkt. Dies bedeutet, dass der Elektromotor auf eine zwar langsamere, aber wirtschaftlichere Fahrt umgeschaltet wird.The battery voltage is constantly monitored during engine operation. If the battery voltage falls below a predetermined threshold voltage of 3.0 V, this is an indication that the capacity of the battery will be exhausted in the near future with a constant high current drain. According to the invention, therefore, at this point A, the maximum current to be taken from the battery is limited to 0.1 ° C. This means that the electric motor is switched to a slower but more economical drive.
Die Kurve "0,1 C" zeigt deutlich, dass bei dieser Betriebsweise der Batterie mehr Ladung entnommen werden kann, bevor die Spannung zusammenbricht. Für das Boot bedeutet dies, dass dieses mit derselben Restkapazität eine größere Restreichweite zurücklegen kann.The curve "0.1 C" clearly shows that in this mode of operation more charge can be taken from the battery before the voltage collapses. For the boat, this means that it can cover a larger residual range with the same remaining capacity.
Unterschreitet die Batteriespannung auch bei dieser bereits gedrosselten Fahrweise die Grenzspannung von 3,0 V, so wird der Maximalstrom nochmals reduziert, im gezeigten Fall auf 0,01 C.If the battery voltage falls below the limiting voltage of 3.0 V even in this already throttled mode of operation, then the maximum current is reduced again, in the case shown to 0.01 C.
Beträgt die Batteriespannung nur noch 2,0 V, so wird der Motor aus Sicherheitsgründen ausgeschaltet, um eine völlige Entladung und Schädigung der Batterien zu vermeiden.If the battery voltage is only 2.0 V, the engine will be switched off for safety reasons to avoid complete discharge and damage to the batteries.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/619,382 US20070152626A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 | 2007-01-03 | Method for Regulating an Electric Boat Motor |
| EP07000146A EP1806282A3 (en) | 2006-01-05 | 2007-01-04 | Control method for an electric motor for boats |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006001009 | 2006-01-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1806281A1 true EP1806281A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
Family
ID=36406015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06003968A Withdrawn EP1806281A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 | 2006-02-27 | Method for controlling an electric motor for boat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1806281A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2498366A4 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2015-05-06 | Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd | Power distribution system |
| US12013243B2 (en) | 2019-04-05 | 2024-06-18 | FLIR Belgium BVBA | Passage planning and navigation systems and methods |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10257605A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Control apparatus for electric vehicle |
| JPH11164488A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 1999-06-18 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Charge/discharge controlling device for battery of motor-driven vehicle |
| JP2001339867A (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-07 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Electric apparatus with built-in battery and motor |
| US6507164B1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2003-01-14 | Brunswick Corporation | Current based power management for a trolling motor |
| US20030060094A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2003-03-27 | Motsenbocker Marvin A. | Efficient motors and controls for watercraft |
-
2006
- 2006-02-27 EP EP06003968A patent/EP1806281A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10257605A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Control apparatus for electric vehicle |
| JPH11164488A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 1999-06-18 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Charge/discharge controlling device for battery of motor-driven vehicle |
| JP2001339867A (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-07 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Electric apparatus with built-in battery and motor |
| US6507164B1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2003-01-14 | Brunswick Corporation | Current based power management for a trolling motor |
| US20030060094A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2003-03-27 | Motsenbocker Marvin A. | Efficient motors and controls for watercraft |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 14 31 December 1998 (1998-12-31) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 11 30 September 1999 (1999-09-30) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 04 4 August 2002 (2002-08-04) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2498366A4 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2015-05-06 | Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd | Power distribution system |
| US12013243B2 (en) | 2019-04-05 | 2024-06-18 | FLIR Belgium BVBA | Passage planning and navigation systems and methods |
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