EP1803929B1 - Injecteur de fluide et méthode de fabrication de cet injecteur - Google Patents

Injecteur de fluide et méthode de fabrication de cet injecteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1803929B1
EP1803929B1 EP20050027109 EP05027109A EP1803929B1 EP 1803929 B1 EP1803929 B1 EP 1803929B1 EP 20050027109 EP20050027109 EP 20050027109 EP 05027109 A EP05027109 A EP 05027109A EP 1803929 B1 EP1803929 B1 EP 1803929B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
ring body
fluid injector
thermal compensator
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20050027109
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1803929A1 (fr
Inventor
Antonio Dr. Bondi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Automotive Italy SpA
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Italy SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Italy SpA filed Critical Continental Automotive Italy SpA
Priority to DE200560020172 priority Critical patent/DE602005020172D1/de
Priority to EP20050027109 priority patent/EP1803929B1/fr
Publication of EP1803929A1 publication Critical patent/EP1803929A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1803929B1 publication Critical patent/EP1803929B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/161—Means for adjusting injection-valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid injector, in particular a fluid injector for metering fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • Fuel injectors are in widespread use, in particular for internal combustion engines where they may be arranged in order to dose the fluid into the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine or directly into the combustion chamber of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the invention further relates to a method for manufacturing a fluid injector.
  • fluid injectors In order to meet stringent regulations concerning exhaust emissions of internal combustion engines, fluid injectors need to be designed such that they are adapted to dose fluid very precisely. In this respect, more and more fluid injectors are equipped with piezoelectric actuators.
  • the respective fluid injector may be suited to dose fluid under very high pressure.
  • the pressure may be, in the case of a gasoline engine, for example, in the range of up to 200 bar and in case of a Diesel engine, in the range of up to 2000 bar.
  • WO 02/31344 A1 discloses a fuel injector comprising a body having a longitudinal axis, a length-changing actuator, that has first and second ends, a closure member 40 being coupled to the first end of the length-changing actuator, and a compensator assembly coupled to the second end of the actuator.
  • the length-changing actuator includes first and second ends.
  • the closure member is moveable between a first configuration permitting fuel injection and a second configuration preventing fuel injection.
  • the length-changing actuator, and the compensator assembly are arranged in an injector housing.
  • An inlet fitting is arranged at an axial end of the housing facing away from the closure member.
  • EP1 457 662 A1 discloses a fluid injector with a housing having a cover which closes the housing at one of its axial ends.
  • the cover comprises an inlet for fuel.
  • US 6 422 482 B1 discloses a fuel injection valve with a housing, which takes in a fuel inlet nozzle that again takes in a spring.
  • the invention is distinguished according to a first aspect by a fluid injector with a housing comprising a housing recess and a fluid duct both extending from one axial end of the housing into the housing.
  • the fluid injector further comprises an actuator unit taken in the housing recess, a thermal compensator unit taken in the housing recess, and an inlet fitting.
  • the inlet fitting comprises a fluid supply connecting part for connecting the fluid injector to a fluid supply. In that way it communicates with the fluid duct.
  • the inlet fitting is designed and fixed to the housing such that it sealingly closes the housing at the one axial end of the housing.
  • the fluid injector enables to be manufactured by only a few separate parts.
  • the inlet fitting serves a double function of enabling a connection to a fluid supply and also forming a closing for the housing recess protecting the thermal compensator and the actuator from the environment of the fluid injector. In that way, it enables a cost effective manufacturing of the fluid injector.
  • the thermal compensator unit is mechanically coupled to an internal ring body arranged in the housing recess and influencing depending on its axial position in the housing recess a characteristic of the thermal compensator unit.
  • An external ring body is arranged on the outside of the housing and is mechanically coupled to the internal ring body in such a way that the respective axial positions of the internal and external ring body correlate to each other. This enables to influence the characteristic after mounting the thermal compensator unit in the housing without needing access for a tool directly in the side of the recess. In that way, a simple and precise calibration of the fluid injector is enabled. This further enables the precise calibration and at the same time to use the inlet fitting for sealingly closing the housing recess at the one axial end of the housing.
  • this aspect of the invention and its further preferred embodiments may also be incorporated in a further type of fluid injector with an inlet fitting not being designed for fixing the housing such that it sealingly closes the housing recess. Instead a closing part for closing the housing recess may then be provided.
  • the inlet fitting then is designed for communicating with the fluid duct.
  • the inlet fitting comprises a cup shaped part being fixed to the housing for closing the housing recess at the one axial end of the housing. This enables a reliable fixation of the inlet fitting to the housing even with very high fluid pressures being applied to the inlet fitting and the fluid duct.
  • the thermal compensator unit comprises a piston with a rod.
  • the rod is movable relative to the housing and comprises a first spring seat.
  • the thermal compensator unit further comprises a thermal compensator spring, resting with one free end on the first spring seat.
  • the internal ring body forms a second spring seat for the thermal compensator spring. This may ensure a simple and robust fluid injector.
  • the internal ring body is mechanically coupled to the external ring body by a calibration pin radially extending through a housing radial recess in the housing.
  • the calibration pin is coupled to the internal ring and/or the external ring by a press fit connection. This is simple to manufacture and therefore may result in low cost but enables a robust connection.
  • the invention is distinguished by a method for manufacturing the fluid injector according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the method comprises assembling the actuator unit and the thermal compensator unit and the internal ring in the housing recess. Further, it comprises assembling the inlet fitting on the housing, covering the housing recess and the fluid duct at the one axial end of the housing. It further comprises sealingly fixing the inlet fitting to the housing such that it sealingly closes the housing at the one axial end of the housing. It further comprises after assembling the actuator and the thermal compensator unit and the internal ring in the housing recess steps of:
  • the method for manufacturing the fluid injector comprises sealingly fixing the inlet fitting to the housing by laser welding. This has the advantage of enabling a very localized but extremely well sealing fixation of the inlet fitting.
  • a fluid injector may be embodied as a fuel injector, that is suitable for injecting fuel into a gasoline engine or that may be suitable for injecting fuel in a Diesel engine.
  • the fluid injector comprises a housing 1 and a valve body 3.
  • the valve body 3 comprises a cartridge 5 with a cartridge recess 7 and a needle 9, that is inserted into the cartridge recess 7 and is guided in an area of a guide formed in the cartridge recess 7.
  • the needle 9 is of an outward opening type but it may also be of an inward opening type.
  • the needle is pushed in its closing position by a return spring 11 if no further forces act on the needle.
  • the return spring 11 exerts a force on the needle 9 in the closing direction of the needle 9.
  • the fuel injector is preferably located in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and provides the combustion chamber with fluid.
  • the housing 1 comprises a fluid duct 2, which may preferably be manufactured as a borehole. It further comprises a housing recess 4.
  • the housing recess 4 and the fluid duct 2 both extend from one axial end of the housing into the housing.
  • the one axial end of the housing 1 is the one facing away from the nozzle 15.
  • the fluid duct 2 extends through the housing 1 and communicates with the nozzle 15.
  • An actuator unit 13 is arranged in the housing recess 4 and is coupled to the needle 9.
  • the actuator unit 13 is a piezoelectric actuator unit. Then, it comprises a stack of piezoelectric elements, which are pretensioned by a tube spring and held in-between a first and a second end cap.
  • a thermal compensator unit 17 is arranged in the housing recess 4 on a side respective to the actuator unit 13 facing away from the nozzle 15.
  • the thermal compensator unit 17 may, however, also be arranged on the side facing towards the nozzle 15.
  • the thermal compensator unit 17 comprises a thermal compensator housing part 19, which is fixed to the housing 1 by welding, which is indicated by a small circle.
  • the thermal compensator unit 17 further comprises a piston 21 with a rod 23 protruding towards the actuator unit 13.
  • a first spring seat 25 is fixed to the rod 23 and serves as a seat for a thermal compensator spring 27 at one of its axial ends.
  • An internal ring body 29 is arranged in the housing recess 4 and forms a second spring seat 30 at the respective other axial end of the thermal compensator spring 27.
  • the piston 21 is movable relative to the housing 1.
  • the thermal compensator unit is designed to compensate different thermal expansion coefficients of the actuator unit 13 and the housing 1. It preferably comprises chambers filled with a hydraulic fluid which enable in combination with the piston 21 and dependent on the spring load applied to the thermal compensator spring 27 a compensation of these changes whereas it is designed such, that it behaves as a stiff body, if the actuator unit is controlled to expand.
  • the duration of the expansion of the actuator unit 13, correlating to an injection event of the fluid injector is always for a very short duration of time.
  • an appropriately dimensioned throttle may be provided between respective chambers of a thermal compensator unit taking into consideration the time duration for the injection event and at the same time providing on a larger time scale a force pressure balance between respective chambers of the thermal compensator unit 7 and thereby setting the axial position of the piston 21 relative to the housing, in particular the location of the housing 1 where the thermal compensator housing part 19 is fixed to the housing.
  • the internal ring body 29 is mechanically coupled to an external ring 37.
  • the external ring 37 is arranged on the outside of the housing 1 and is mechanically coupled to the internal ring body 29 in such a way that the respective axial positions of the internal ring body 29 and the external ring body 37 correlate to each other.
  • the internal ring body 29 does not need to have an exact ring shape. It is just formed in a way, that it is slidably movable along an inner wall of the housing recess 4 and that it forms the second spring seat 30.
  • the external ring body 37 may have a shape deviating from an exact ring shape. It may, for example, have a bushing form.
  • the internal ring body 29 is mechanically coupled to the external ring body 37 by a calibration pin 33, which protrudes radially from the internal ring to the external ring body 37. Further, the calibration pin 33 protrudes through a housing radial recess 35.
  • the housing radial recess 35 preferably has an axial extension which is large enough to move the calibration ring during the manufacturing process of the fluid injector in an axial direction relative to the housing 1.
  • the calibration pin 33 is arranged in an internal ring radial recess 31 of the internal ring body 29 in a press fit connection.
  • the calibration ring 33 is arranged in an external ring recess 39 of the external ring body 37 also in a press fit connection.
  • the external ring body 37 is fixed to the housing 1, preferably by laser welding. But it may also be fixed to the housing 1 by some other sort of connection known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose.
  • An inlet fitting 45 comprises a cup shaped part 47 covering an axial end area of the housing 1 at an axial end of the housing 1 facing away from the nozzle 15.
  • the cup shaped part 47 is sealingly connected to the housing 1, for example, by laser welding also indicated by small circles.
  • the inlet fitting 45 further comprises a fluid supply connecting part 49.
  • the fluid injector is coupled to a fluid supply, preferably being formed by a fuel rail via the fluid supply connecting part 49. Therefore, the fluid supply connecting part 49 comprises an inlet fitting recess 51, which extends through the fluid supply connecting part 49 in an axial direction.
  • the inlet fitting recess 51 and the fluid duct 2 communicate with each other.
  • the inlet fitting 45 closes the housing recess 4 and therefore protects the actuator unit 13 and also the thermal compensator unit 17 from influences from outside of the fluid injector.
  • step S1 the manufacturing process is started and the housing with the valve body 3 are already provided in a preassembled state.
  • a step S3 the actuator unit 13 is inserted into the housing recess 4 and the thermal compensator unit 17 together with the internal ring body 29 are inserted into the housing recess 4.
  • the inlet fitting is assembled on the housing covering the housing recess at the one axial end of the housing 1. Therefore, the inlet fitting 45 is preferably pushed with its cup shaped part 47 over the axial end area of the housing 1 facing away from the nozzle 15. The cup shaped part 47 then covers the cross-section of the housing recess 4 and also of the fluid duct 2. The inlet fitting is then sealingly fixed to the housing 1. This is preferably accomplished by laser welding. It may, however, also be accomplished by some other way of fixing it sealingly to the housing 1 known to the person skilled in the art taking into consideration that it must withstand the forces acting on the fixation due to the pressure of the fluid to be dosed in the pressure range the respective injection valve is designed to operate.
  • the manufacturing may then be finished in a step S7. It is preferred, however, that in a subsequent step S9, the fluid injector is calibrated, in particular that the thermal compensator is then calibrated.
  • the housing preferably has the housing radial recess 35.
  • the external ring body 37 is pushed onto the housing 1 in step S3. Whether this is done before the inlet fitting 45 is pushed onto the housing 1 or after that depends on whether a maximum outer diameter of the inlet fitting 45 is larger than the outer diameter of the housing which is relevant for pushing the external ring body 37 on the housing 1.
  • the external ring body 37 is pushed onto the housing 1 prior to pushing the inlet fitting onto the housing 1.
  • the calibration ring is assembled with the internal ring body 29 and the external ring body 37 prior to assembling the inlet fitting 45 and preferably even before the thermal compensator housing part 19 and the piston 21 are assembled in the housing recess 4.
  • the calibration pin 33 is fixed in the internal ring radial recess 31 by a press fit connection. It is also preferably fixed in the external ring recess 39 by a press fit connection. It may, however, also be fixed in some other way known for being suitable to a person skilled in the art. For example, it may be fixed by a screw connection.
  • the inlet fitting is connected to a fluid supply and is supplied with fluid of a given pressure or a given pressure variation for the calibration process.
  • the axial position of the external ring body 37 is then varied in order to obtain a given characteristic of the thermal compensator.
  • the temperature of the fluid injector may also be varied during the calibration process and/or the amount of fuel to be dosed and/or actually dosed may be varied.
  • a characteristic of the thermal compensator unit is influenced by setting the pretensioning force of the thermal compensator spring 27. In that way, also a calibration for the fluid dosing characteristic of the fluid injector may be set. The characteristic of the thermal compensator may therefore be representative for the characteristic of the fluid injector in view of fluid dosing.
  • the external ring body 37 is kept in the respective axial position obtained during the calibration process and is fixed in this axial position by fixing it to the housing, e.g. by laser welding or some other sort of connection technique known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose in a step S11. After step S11, no further axial movement of the external ring body 37 is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Injecteur de fluide comportant un carter (1) comprenant un évidement (4) de carter et une conduite (2) pour fluide, qui s'étendent tous deux à partir d'une extrémité axiale du carter (1) dans le carter (1) ,
    - une unité (13) d'actionnement prise dans l'évidement (4) de carter,
    - une unité (17) de compensation thermique prise dans l'évidement (4) de carter,
    - un raccord (45) d'entrée comprenant une pièce (49) de raccordement d'alimentation en fluide, afin de raccorder l'injecteur de fluide à l'alimentation en fluide, le raccord (45) d'entrée étant conçu et fixé au carter (1) de manière à fermer hermétiquement le carter au niveau de l'extrémité axiale du carter (1), caractérisé en ce que l'unité (17) de compensation thermique est couplée mécaniquement à un corps annulaire interne (29) disposé dans l'évidement (4) du carter et influençant, en fonction de sa position axiale dans l'évidement (4) de carter, une caractéristique de l'unité (17) de compensation thermique, un corps annulaire externe (37) se trouvant à l'extérieur du carter (1) et étant mécaniquement couplé au corps annulaire interne (29) de manière que les positions axiales respectives du corps annulaire interne et externe (29, 37) soient corrélées.
  2. Injecteur de fluide selon la revendication 1, dont le raccord (45) d'entrée comprend une pièce (47) en forme de godet fixée au carter (1) afin de refermer l'évidement (4) de carter au niveau de l'extrémité axiale du carter (1).
  3. Injecteur de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dont ladite unité (17) de compensation thermique comprend un piston (21) doté d'une tige (23), la tige (23) étant mobile par rapport au carter (1) et comprenant un premier siège de ressort (25), et l'unité (17) de compensation thermique comprenant en outre un ressort (27) de compensation thermique reposant sur une extrémité libre sur le premier siège de ressort (25), et le corps annulaire interne (29) formant un deuxième siège de ressort (30) destiné au ressort (27) de compensation thermique.
  4. Injecteur de fluide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dont le corps annulaire interne (29) est couplé mécaniquement au corps annulaire externe (37) par un axe d'étalonnage (33) s'étendant radialement à travers un évidement radial (35) de carter dans le carter (1).
  5. Injecteur de fluide selon la revendication 4, dont l'axe (33) d'étalonnage est couplé au corps annulaire interne (29) et/ou au corps annulaire externe (37) par le biais d'un ajustement serré.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'un injecteur de fluide conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant :
    - l'assemblage de l'unité (13) d'actionnement et de l'unité (17) de compensation thermique et du corps annulaire interne (29) dans l'évidement (4) de carter,
    - l'assemblage du raccord (45) d'entrée sur le carter (1), couvrant l'évidement (4) de carter et la conduite (2) pour fluide au niveau d'une extrémité axiale du carter (1),
    - la fixation hermétique du raccord (45) d'entrée au carter (1) de manière qu'il ferme hermétiquement le carter au niveau de l'extrémité axiale du carter (1),
    - l'assemblage de la bague externe au carter, à l'extérieur du carter,
    - le couplage mécanique du corps annulaire externe (37) au corps annulaire interne (29), de manière que les positions axiales respectives du corps annulaire interne et externe (29, 37) adoptent une corrélation respective,
    - la variation de la position axiale du corps annulaire externe (37), afin d'étalonner l'injecteur de fluide en vue d'une certaine caractéristique de l'unité (17) de compensation thermique et
    - la fixation du corps annulaire externe (37) au carter (1), empêchant un mouvement axial supplémentaire du corps annulaire externe (37) à l'issue de la fin de l'étalonnage.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, comprenant la fixation hermétique du raccord (45) d'entrée au carter (1) comprenant un soudage au laser.
EP20050027109 2005-12-12 2005-12-12 Injecteur de fluide et méthode de fabrication de cet injecteur Expired - Fee Related EP1803929B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200560020172 DE602005020172D1 (de) 2005-12-12 2005-12-12 Einpritzventil und Herstellungsverfahren eines solchen Einspritzventils
EP20050027109 EP1803929B1 (fr) 2005-12-12 2005-12-12 Injecteur de fluide et méthode de fabrication de cet injecteur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20050027109 EP1803929B1 (fr) 2005-12-12 2005-12-12 Injecteur de fluide et méthode de fabrication de cet injecteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1803929A1 EP1803929A1 (fr) 2007-07-04
EP1803929B1 true EP1803929B1 (fr) 2010-03-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20050027109 Expired - Fee Related EP1803929B1 (fr) 2005-12-12 2005-12-12 Injecteur de fluide et méthode de fabrication de cet injecteur

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EP (1) EP1803929B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602005020172D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2080895B1 (fr) * 2008-01-17 2011-10-19 Continental Automotive GmbH Agencement de compensation thermique et soupape d'injection

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19849203A1 (de) * 1998-10-26 2000-04-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
WO2002031346A1 (fr) * 2000-10-11 2002-04-18 Siemens Automotive Corporation Ensemble compensateur a membrane souple pour injecteur de carburant et procede correspondant
ITBO20010280A1 (it) * 2001-05-08 2002-11-08 Magneti Marelli Spa Iniettore di carburante con attuatore piezoelettrico
DE502004002718D1 (de) * 2003-02-27 2007-03-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10310297A1 (de) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil

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Publication number Publication date
EP1803929A1 (fr) 2007-07-04
DE602005020172D1 (de) 2010-05-06

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