EP1801293A2 - Manhole cover with radio network antenna - Google Patents
Manhole cover with radio network antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1801293A2 EP1801293A2 EP06022192A EP06022192A EP1801293A2 EP 1801293 A2 EP1801293 A2 EP 1801293A2 EP 06022192 A EP06022192 A EP 06022192A EP 06022192 A EP06022192 A EP 06022192A EP 1801293 A2 EP1801293 A2 EP 1801293A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- manhole cover
- cover according
- manhole
- connection
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1481—Security devices, e.g. indicating unauthorised opening
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/20—Resilient mountings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a manhole cover with antenna for radio networks.
- the invention relates to a cable duct cover having an integrated radio antenna for WLAN (WiFi, WiMAX).
- Cable duct covers for telecommunication infrastructure providers produced so far are generally produced in a day-water-tight manner and walkable or passable (see FIG. 1) and have a rigid connection to the cable duct neck. They usually come on sidewalks, in pedestrian areas and comparable areas, on car parking areas and car land entrances, on normal and heavily traveled lanes of roads, on paved traffic areas, on roads heavily traveled by fast truck traffic or with high wheel loads used by roads or comparable traffic areas.
- Newer cable duct covers have no rigid connection to Wilmingtonschachthals and granted by a special design principle, a vertical variation possibility (self-leveling) relative to the shaft body or shaft neck (eg Figures 2, 3).
- These cable manhole covers may alternatively be colored with a cathodic electrodeposition primer.
- For these cable covers only cast iron according to DIN EN 1563 of at least grade EN-GJS-500-7 or ISO 1083 grade 500-7 is used.
- the object of the present invention is the further use of cable duct covers.
- a manhole cover having an antenna for a radio network or has a corresponding holder for such an antenna.
- the antenna is designed so that the radiation of the antenna takes place from bottom to top.
- the manhole cover is a cable duct cover.
- the lid should be the above. Comply with ISO and DIN standards.
- materials in the manhole cover are used which have less shielding, so that the range is improved.
- materials in the manhole cover are used which have less shielding, so that the range is improved.
- to the top e.g. slightly more porous material can be used, alternatives are possible.
- an antenna connection is provided, which is designed as a plug-in connection in the edge region, so that the connection with a counterpart is closed when placing the manhole cover.
- a cable connection can be avoided, which hangs down from the lid. The laying of the lid brings about a connection in the preferred embodiment.
- the connector is arranged in the edge region, preferably in the support region of the manhole cover.
- a plurality of antennas may be integrated in the manhole cover.
- intelligent components such as bridges, hotspots, routers can be mounted in or on the manhole cover which take over a network control so that the manhole covers become intelligent switching stations.
- the technical invention has the advantage that in addition to the prior art, an active element or active elements, designed as WLAN antenna (s) for the IEEE standard families 802.11 (WiFi) and 802.16 (WIMAX) are introduced into the cable manhole cover and part of the Cable manhole cover or be connected by appropriate means with the cable manhole cover.
- This antenna (s) will be connected to one or more transmitters according to IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16.
- the connection is made by appropriate cables between transmitter and antenna.
- the "active" cable manhole cover thus becomes an antenna for the nomadic use of an access according to IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16 (WLAN or WiMAX access).
- the invention differs from the prior art in that an active component (antenna as omnidirectional antenna or directivity antenna) becomes an integral part of the cable manhole cover, and thus an antenna directed from the subsurface, to e.g. Pedestrian areas can be reached. Normally, such antennas are mounted above ground.
- an active component as omnidirectional antenna or directivity antenna
- the emission direction can be aligned within the manhole cover defined.
- the embedded design of the antenna decisively decides about the antenna gain, which is designed in a suitable design to the limits specified in IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 limits with the transmit power of the active transmitter.
- the possible embodiments can be determined as follows (the list does not represent a limitation of the possible fields of use).
- the active component is cast in the material of the cable manhole cover and thus integrated part.
- Any antenna connection e.g., SMC, coax, etc.
- SMC single-chain antenna
- coax coax
- Any antenna connection is to be provided for an antenna cable, or the antenna cable will also become an integral part of the cable duct cover (drawing at 9b 1,2).
- the active component is applied to the underground side of the manhole cover in the form of a conductive material by means of printing (e.g., screen printing or pad printing, etc.).
- the conductive material is brought into contact with any antenna plug (e.g., SMC, coax, etc.) fixedly connected to the cable duct cover, or the antenna cable is directly connected to the conductive printed material.
- any antenna plug e.g., SMC, coax, etc.
- the active component (antenna) is produced outside of the conduit manhole deck manufacturing process and is not part of the manhole cover.
- the active component (antenna) can thus be applied to a carrier material, for example by means of printing processes (cf.
- the substrate itself has a receptacle for any antenna connector (eg, SMC, coax, etc.) that is itself connected to the active component, or the antenna cable is directly connected to the active component.
- the carrier material may be made by suitable attachment techniques (Glueing, hot glueing, screwing, riveting, etc.) to new cable manhole covers or cable manhole covers already existing in the state of the art. Due to the different nature of existing existing manhole cover according to the prior art, the directivity of the antenna may be different perform as in the figures.
- the antennas introduced into the cable duct covers radiate underground above ground.
- This has the advantage if existing cable ducts can be used in densely populated areas for broadband coverage based on IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 and also a nomadic use of services is sought (eg VOIP via WLAN).
- a directivity is specified from above ground to above ground.
- the choice of the antenna technology, which is integrated in or on the cable manhole cover, decides on the aboveground footprint.
- the footprint is directly dependent on the antenna technology used. Due to the materials described in the prior art, which are used for the production of manhole covers, the antenna effect can be impaired.
- the antenna technology is matched to the existing cable cover material, so that the transmission power to the legally permitted in IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 limit values and the propagation direction can accept defined parameters.
- the directional characteristics of the introduced antennas thus determine the footprint or range of the signals radiated from the ground.
- the physical nature of the cable duct covers is by introducing or Application of the antenna with respect to environmental influences (accessibility, trafficability, pressure, moisture, etc.) not impaired.
- FIG. 1 shows a manhole cover from the side (in FIGS. 1a and 1b) and a manhole cover from above (in FIG. 1c).
- the support points are represented by peaks.
- the lid rests in its corner regions and in the upper and lower edge regions.
- FIG. 2 shows the top view of a manhole cover, which is designed as a BiQuad design.
- a manhole cover In the edge area of the lid abuts with its frame to the cable duct. A single connection is centrally located.
- the antenna is represented by two diamonds that touch each other at the antenna connector, for example coax or SMC.
- the antenna can in this version on top of the manhole cover be arranged and sprayed or printed on this example.
- FIG. 3 shows a side view of an antenna which is arranged inside the cover. Here, this is poured or milled. Again, there is again an antenna connector, which then extends down, which is not shown in detail.
- FIG. 4 again shows a cable duct cover with an antenna which is arranged below the cover. This can also be sprayed or fixed by adhesive materials and also has an antenna connection.
- FIG. 5 again shows an antenna, which is arranged below the lid, with a carrier material which has been fastened to the manhole cover, the antenna being arranged on the carrier material.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schachtabdeckung mit Antenne für Funknetzwerke. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine Kabelschachtabdeckung, die eine integrierte Funkantenne für WLAN (WiFi, WiMAX) aufweist.The invention relates to a manhole cover with antenna for radio networks. In particular, the invention relates to a cable duct cover having an integrated radio antenna for WLAN (WiFi, WiMAX).
Bisher hergestellte Kabelschachtabdeckungen für Telekommunikationsinfrastrukturanbieter werden in der Regel tagwasserdicht und begeh- bzw. befahrbar hergestellt (siehe Fig. 1) und haben eine starre Verbindung zum Kabelschachthals. Sie kommen in der Regel auf Gehwegen, in Fußgängerbereichen und vergleichbaren Flächen, auf PKW-Parkflächen und PKW-Grundstückseinfahrten, auf normal und stark befahrenen Fahrbahnen von Straßen, auf befestigten Verkehrsflächen, auf extrem stark durch schnellen LKW-Verkehr oder mit hohen Radlasten befahrenen Fahrbahnen von Straßen oder vergleichbaren Verkehrsflächen zum Einsatz.Cable duct covers for telecommunication infrastructure providers produced so far are generally produced in a day-water-tight manner and walkable or passable (see FIG. 1) and have a rigid connection to the cable duct neck. They usually come on sidewalks, in pedestrian areas and comparable areas, on car parking areas and car land entrances, on normal and heavily traveled lanes of roads, on paved traffic areas, on roads heavily traveled by fast truck traffic or with high wheel loads used by roads or comparable traffic areas.
Die Herstellung der Abdeckungen erfolgt in der Regel zur direkten verschiebesicheren Montage. Kabelschachtabdeckungen sind i.d.R. konstruktiv so ausgebildet, dass beim Aufbau auf Kabelschachthälsen eine definierte Einstellung der Höhen- und Neigungsausgleichsfuge sichergestellt ist. Je nach Klassifizierung der Abdeckung sind diese so ausgebildet, dass sie mit dem Kabelschachthals kraftschlüssig verbunden werden können. Bei Belastungen darf es zu keinem horizontalen Versatz kommen. Die Kabelschachtdeckel werden entsprechend den nachfolgenden Vorschriften in Verbundbauweise und Gusseisen hergestellt:
- Druckfestigkeit des Festbetons: DIN1048 oder Beton B45 nach DIN 1045 Abnutzungswiderstand des Festbetons: DIN 52108
- Frostwiderstand des Frischbetons: DIN1048 bzw. Beton mit hohem Frostwiderstand nach DIN 1045
- Wasserundurchlässigkeit des Festbetons: DIN 1048 bzw. wasserundurchlässiger Beton nach DIN 1045
- Für additive Baustoffe gelten nachfolgende Vorschriften: Gusseisen mit Lamellengrafit nach DIN EN 1561 Gusseisen mit Kugelgrafit nach DIN EN 1563/ISOI083 Temperguss nach DIN EN 1562
- Unlegierter Baustahl nach Stahl EN 10025-S235JR, EN 10025-S235JRg2C und EN 10025-S355J2G3
- Wetterfester Baustahl nach Stahl EN 10155-S235J2WP
- Für den Einbau von Lüftungsöffnungen gilt die Norm DIN EN 124.
- Compressive strength of hardened concrete: DIN1048 or concrete B45 according to DIN 1045 Wear resistance of hardened concrete: DIN 52108
- Frost resistance of fresh concrete: DIN1048 or concrete with high frost resistance according to DIN 1045
- Impermeability of the hardened concrete: DIN 1048 or water-impermeable concrete according to DIN 1045
- The following regulations apply to additive building materials: Cast iron with lamellar graphite in accordance with DIN EN 1561 Cast iron with nodular graphite according to DIN EN 1563 / ISOI083 Malleable cast iron according to DIN EN 1562
- Unalloyed mild steel according to steel EN 10025-S235JR, EN 10025-S235JRg2C and EN 10025-S355J2G3
- Weatherproof structural steel to steel EN 10155-S235J2WP
- The standard DIN EN 124 applies to the installation of ventilation openings.
Neuere Kabelschachtabdeckungen haben keine starre Verbindung zum Kabelschachthals und gewähren durch ein besonderes Konstruktionsprinzip eine vertikale Variationsmöglichkeit (selbstnivellierend) gegenüber dem Schachtkörper bzw. Schachthals (z.B. Figuren 2, 3). Diese Kabelschachtabdeckungen können alternativ mit einer kathodischen Elektrotauchgrundierung farblich gestaltbar sein. Für diese Kabelabdeckungen wird ausschließlich Gusseisen nach DIN EN 1563 mindestens der Sorte EN-GJS-500-7, bzw. ISO 1083 Güte 500-7, verwendet.Newer cable duct covers have no rigid connection to Kabelschachthals and granted by a special design principle, a vertical variation possibility (self-leveling) relative to the shaft body or shaft neck (eg Figures 2, 3). These cable manhole covers may alternatively be colored with a cathodic electrodeposition primer. For these cable covers, only cast iron according to DIN EN 1563 of at least grade EN-GJS-500-7 or ISO 1083 grade 500-7 is used.
Aufgrund der starken Verbreitung von Kabelschächten und dem direkten Zugriff auf eine Kabelinfrastruktur liegt die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung in der weiteren Nutzung von Kabelschachtabdeckungen.Due to the widespread use of cable ducts and the direct access to a cable infrastructure, the object of the present invention is the further use of cable duct covers.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Erfindung mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Insbesondere durch einen Kanaldeckel, der eine Antenne für ein Funknetz aufweist oder der eine entsprechende Halterung für eine solche Antenne besitzt. Dabei ist die Antenne so ausgebildet, dass die Abstrahlung der Antenne von unten nach oben erfolgt.This object is achieved by an invention having the features of the independent claims. In particular, by a manhole cover having an antenna for a radio network or has a corresponding holder for such an antenna. In this case, the antenna is designed so that the radiation of the antenna takes place from bottom to top.
In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Kanaldeckel eine Kabelschachtabdeckung. Auch sollte der Deckel den og. ISO und DIN Normen entsprechen.In the preferred embodiment, the manhole cover is a cable duct cover. Also, the lid should be the above. Comply with ISO and DIN standards.
Um eine bessere Leistung zu erreichen werden in einer möglichen Ausführungsform in Richtung des Abstrahlbereiches der Antenne Materialien im Kanaldeckel verwendet, die eine geringere Abschirmung aufweisen, so dass die Reichweite verbessert wird. So kann zur Oberseite z.B. etwas poröseres Material verwendet werden, Alternativen sind möglich.In order to achieve better performance, in one possible embodiment, in the direction of the radiation area of the antenna, materials in the manhole cover are used which have less shielding, so that the range is improved. For example, to the top, e.g. slightly more porous material can be used, alternatives are possible.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist ein Antennenanschluss vorgesehen, der als eine Steckverbindung im Randbereich ausgebildet ist, so dass beim Auflegen des Kanaldeckels die Verbindung mit einem Gegenstück geschlossen wird. Hierdurch kann ein Kabelanschluss vermieden werden, der vom Deckel herunterhängt. Das Auflegen des Deckels führt in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform eine Verbindung herbei.In another embodiment, an antenna connection is provided, which is designed as a plug-in connection in the edge region, so that the connection with a counterpart is closed when placing the manhole cover. As a result, a cable connection can be avoided, which hangs down from the lid. The laying of the lid brings about a connection in the preferred embodiment.
Die Steckverbindung ist dabei im Randbereich, vorzugsweise im Auflagebereich des Kanaldeckels angeordnet.The connector is arranged in the edge region, preferably in the support region of the manhole cover.
Auch können im Kanaldeckel eine Mehrzahl von Antennen integriert sein. Ferner können intelligente Komponenten wie Bridges, Hotspots, Router im oder am Kanaldeckel befestigt sein, die eine Netzwerkkontrolle übernehmen, so dass die Kanaldeckel zu intelligenten Schaltstationen werden.Also, a plurality of antennas may be integrated in the manhole cover. Furthermore, intelligent components such as bridges, hotspots, routers can be mounted in or on the manhole cover which take over a network control so that the manhole covers become intelligent switching stations.
Die Technische Erfindung hat den Vorteil, dass zu dem Stand der Technik zusätzlich ein aktives Element oder aktive Elemente, ausgeführt als WLAN-Antenne(n) für die IEEE Standardfamilien 802.11 (WiFi) und 802.16 (WIMAX) in den Kabelschachtdeckel eingebracht werden und Bestandteil des Kabelschachtdeckels werden oder durch entsprechende Einrichtungen mit dem Kabelschachtdeckel verbunden werden. Diese Antenne(n) wird/werden mit einem oder mehreren Sender(n) entsprechend IEEE 802.11 oder IEEE 802.16 angebunden. Die Anbindung erfolgt durch entsprechende Kabel zwischen Sender und Antenne. Der "aktive" Kabelschachtdeckel wird damit zu einer Antenne für die nomadische Nutzung eines Access entsprechend IEEE 802.11 bzw. IEEE 802.16 (WLAN bzw. WiMAX-Access).The technical invention has the advantage that in addition to the prior art, an active element or active elements, designed as WLAN antenna (s) for the IEEE standard families 802.11 (WiFi) and 802.16 (WIMAX) are introduced into the cable manhole cover and part of the Cable manhole cover or be connected by appropriate means with the cable manhole cover. This antenna (s) will be connected to one or more transmitters according to IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16. The connection is made by appropriate cables between transmitter and antenna. The "active" cable manhole cover thus becomes an antenna for the nomadic use of an access according to IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.16 (WLAN or WiMAX access).
Bei entsprechenden Abständen zwischen den einzelnen aktiven Kabelschachtdeckeln und einer entsprechenden Ausführung der eingebetteten Antennen, welche eine Richtwirkung besitzen können, kann dadurch eine nahtlose Versorgung mit WLAN-Access oder WiMax-Access sichergestellt werden.With appropriate distances between the individual active manhole covers and a corresponding version of the embedded antennas, which can have a directivity, thereby a seamless supply of Wi-Fi access or WiMax access can be ensured.
Die Erfindung differenziert sich dahingehend vom Stand der Technik, dass eine aktive Komponente (Antenne als Rundstrahler oder Antenne mit Richtwirkung) integraler Bestandteil des Kabelschachtdeckels wird und somit eine von unterirdischer Seite initiierte Antennenabstrahlrichtung auf z.B. Fußgängerzonen erreicht werden kann. Normalerweise werden solche Antennen oberirdisch angebracht.The invention differs from the prior art in that an active component (antenna as omnidirectional antenna or directivity antenna) becomes an integral part of the cable manhole cover, and thus an antenna directed from the subsurface, to e.g. Pedestrian areas can be reached. Normally, such antennas are mounted above ground.
Durch den Gebrauch geläufiger Antennentechniken wie beispielsweise Quad-Antennen oder Bi-Quad Antennen aber auch Omni-Rundstrahlantennen kann die Abstrahlrichtung innerhalb des Kabelschachtdeckels definiert ausgerichtet werden. Die eingebettete Bauform der Antenne entscheidet maßgeblich über den Antennengewinn, welcher in geeigneter Bauweise auf die in IEEE 802.11 und IEEE 802.16 festgelegten Grenzwerte mit der Sendeleistung des aktiven Senders ausgelegt wird.Through the use of common antenna techniques such as quad antennas or bi-quad antennas but also Omni omnidirectional antennas, the emission direction can be aligned within the manhole cover defined. The embedded design of the antenna decisively decides about the antenna gain, which is designed in a suitable design to the limits specified in IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 limits with the transmit power of the active transmitter.
Die möglichen Ausführungsformen können wie nachfolgend bestimmt sein (die Aufzählung stellt keine Beschränkung der möglichen Einsatzgebiete dar).The possible embodiments can be determined as follows (the list does not represent a limitation of the possible fields of use).
Eine mögliche Ausführung kann eine unsichtbare Ausführung sein. Hierbei ist die aktive Komponente (Antenne) in das Material des Kabelschachtdeckels eingegossen und damit integrierter Bestandteil. Ein beliebiger Antennenanschluss (z.B. SMC, Koax etc.) ist für ein Antennenkabel vorzusehen oder das Antennenkabel wird ebenfalls integraler Bestandteil des Kabelschachtdeckels (Zeichnung zu 9b 1,2)One possible implementation may be an invisible execution. Here, the active component (antenna) is cast in the material of the cable manhole cover and thus integrated part. Any antenna connection (e.g., SMC, coax, etc.) is to be provided for an antenna cable, or the antenna cable will also become an integral part of the cable duct cover (drawing at 9b 1,2).
Im Folgenden wird eine sichtbare Ausführung beschrieben. Die aktive Komponente (Antenne) wird in Form eines leitenden Materials mittels Druckverfahren (z.B. Siebdruck oder Tampondruck etc.) auf die unterirdische Seite des Kabelschachtdeckels aufgebracht. Das leitende Material wird mit einem beliebigen Antennenstecker (z.B. SMC, Koax etc.) in Verbindung gebracht, welcher fest mit dem Käbelschachtdeckel verbunden ist oder das Antennenkabel wird direkt mit dem leitenden aufgedruckten Material verbunden.The following is a visual execution. The active component (antenna) is applied to the underground side of the manhole cover in the form of a conductive material by means of printing (e.g., screen printing or pad printing, etc.). The conductive material is brought into contact with any antenna plug (e.g., SMC, coax, etc.) fixedly connected to the cable duct cover, or the antenna cable is directly connected to the conductive printed material.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform wird die aktive Komponente (Antenne) außerhalb des Regelherstellungsprozesses des Kabelschachtdeckels produziert und ist nicht Bestandteil des Kabelschachtdeckels. Die aktive Komponente (Antenne) kann somit auf einem Trägermaterial z.B. mittels Druckverfahren (vgl. Ausführungsbeispiel oben) aufgebracht werden. Das Trägermaterial selbst hat eine Aufnahme für einen beliebigen Antennenstecker (z.B. SMC, Koax etc.), der selbst mit der aktiven Komponente verbunden ist, oder das Antennenkabel wird direkt mit der aktiven Komponente verbunden. Das Trägermaterial kann durch geeignete Befestigungstechniken (Kleben, Heißkleben, Verschrauben, Vernieten, etc.) an neue Kabelschachtdeckel oder an bereits nach dem Stand der Technik vorhandene Kabelschachtdeckel angebracht werden. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Beschaffenheit bereits vorhandener Kabelschachtdeckel nach dem Stand der Technik ist die Richtwirkung der Antenne ggf. anders auszuführen als in den Figuren.In an alternative embodiment, the active component (antenna) is produced outside of the conduit manhole deck manufacturing process and is not part of the manhole cover. The active component (antenna) can thus be applied to a carrier material, for example by means of printing processes (cf. The substrate itself has a receptacle for any antenna connector (eg, SMC, coax, etc.) that is itself connected to the active component, or the antenna cable is directly connected to the active component. The carrier material may be made by suitable attachment techniques (Glueing, hot glueing, screwing, riveting, etc.) to new cable manhole covers or cable manhole covers already existing in the state of the art. Due to the different nature of existing existing manhole cover according to the prior art, the directivity of the antenna may be different perform as in the figures.
Im Gegensatz zu bekannten WLAN-und WiMAX-Antennen, welche oberirdisch zum Einsatz kommen, strahlen die in die Kabelschachtdeckel eingebrachten Antennen unterirdisch nach oberirdisch ab. Dies hat dann den Vorteil, wenn vorhandene Kabelschachtanlagen in dicht besiedelten Gebieten für eine Breitbandversorgung auf Basis von IEEE 802.11 und IEEE 802.16 Verwendung finden können und auch eine nomadische Nutzung von Diensten angestrebt wird (z.B. VOIP über WLAN). Durch die Auswahl der entsprechenden Antennenstruktur wird eine Richtwirkung von unterirdisch nach oberirdisch vorgegeben. Die Auswahl der Antennentechnik, welche in oder an dem Kabelschachtdeckel integriert wird, entscheidet über die oberirdische Ausleuchtzone. Somit ist die Ausleuchtzone direkt abhängig von der eingesetzten Antennentechnologie. Aufgrund der im Stand der Technik beschriebenen Materialien, die für die Herstellung von Kabelschachtdeckeln verwendet werden, kann die Antennenwirkung beeinträchtigt werden. Hierzu wird die Antennentechnik auf das vorhandene Kabeldeckelmaterial abgestimmt, so dass die Sendeleistung den gesetzlich in IEEE 802.11 und IEEE 802.16 zulässigen Grenzwerten entsprechen und die Ausbreitungsrichtung definierte Parameter annehmen kann. Die Richtcharakteristik der eingebrachten Antennen bestimmen somit die Ausleuchtzone bzw. Reichweite der vom Boden abgestrahlten Signale. Die physikalische Beschaffenheit der Kabelschachtabdeckungen wird durch das Einbringen oder Aufbringen der Antenne in Bezug auf umwelttechnische Einflüsse (Begehbarkeit, Befahrbarkeit, Druck, Nässe etc.) nicht beeinträchtigt.In contrast to known WLAN and WiMAX antennas, which are used above ground, the antennas introduced into the cable duct covers radiate underground above ground. This has the advantage if existing cable ducts can be used in densely populated areas for broadband coverage based on IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 and also a nomadic use of services is sought (eg VOIP via WLAN). By selecting the appropriate antenna structure, a directivity is specified from above ground to above ground. The choice of the antenna technology, which is integrated in or on the cable manhole cover, decides on the aboveground footprint. Thus, the footprint is directly dependent on the antenna technology used. Due to the materials described in the prior art, which are used for the production of manhole covers, the antenna effect can be impaired. For this purpose, the antenna technology is matched to the existing cable cover material, so that the transmission power to the legally permitted in IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 limit values and the propagation direction can accept defined parameters. The directional characteristics of the introduced antennas thus determine the footprint or range of the signals radiated from the ground. The physical nature of the cable duct covers is by introducing or Application of the antenna with respect to environmental influences (accessibility, trafficability, pressure, moisture, etc.) not impaired.
- Fig. 1a- 1cFig. 1a-1c
- zeigen einen herkömmlichen Kanaldeckel, der auf einer Reihe von Auflagepunkten aufliegen.show a conventional manhole cover resting on a series of support points.
- Fig. 2Fig. 2
- zeigt einen Kanaldeckel von oben mit einer Antenne BiQuad.shows a manhole cover from above with an antenna BiQuad.
- Fig. 3Fig. 3
- zeigt einen Kanaldeckel im Schnitt mit einer Antenne, die innerhalb des Kanaldeckels angeordnet ist.shows a manhole cover in section with an antenna disposed within the manhole cover.
- Fig. 4Fig. 4
- zeigt einen Kanaldeckel im Schnitt mit einer Antenne, die unterhalb des Kanaldeckels angeordnet ist.shows a manhole cover in section with an antenna which is disposed below the manhole cover.
- Fig. 5Fig. 5
- zeigt einen Kanaldeckel im Schnitt mit einer Antenne, die innerhalb des Kanaldeckels auf einem Trägermaterial angeordnet ist.shows a manhole cover in section with an antenna disposed within the manhole cover on a substrate.
Die Figuren 1 zeigt einen Kanaldeckel von der Seite (in den Figuren 1a und 1b) den sowie ein Kanaldeckel von oben (in der Figur 1c). Dabei werden die Auflagepunkte durch Spitzen dargestellt. In der Figur 1c ist zu erkennen, dass der Deckel in seinen Eckbereichen und in den oberen und unteren Randbereichen aufliegt.1 shows a manhole cover from the side (in FIGS. 1a and 1b) and a manhole cover from above (in FIG. 1c). The support points are represented by peaks. In the figure 1c it can be seen that the lid rests in its corner regions and in the upper and lower edge regions.
Die Figur 2 zeigt die Draufsicht auf einem Kanaldeckel bzw. Kabelschachtdeckel, der als eine BiQuad Ausführung ausgebildet ist. Im Randbereich stößt der Deckel mit seinem Rahmen an den Kabelschacht. Ein einzelner Anschluss ist zentral angeordnet. Die Antenne ist durch zwei Rauten dargestellt, die sich am Antennenanschluss zum Beispiel Koax oder SMC berühren. Die Antenne kann in dieser Ausführung oben auf dem Kanaldeckel angeordnet sein und auf diesen zum Beispiel aufgespritzt oder aufgedruckt sein.FIG. 2 shows the top view of a manhole cover, which is designed as a BiQuad design. In the edge area of the lid abuts with its frame to the cable duct. A single connection is centrally located. The antenna is represented by two diamonds that touch each other at the antenna connector, for example coax or SMC. The antenna can in this version on top of the manhole cover be arranged and sprayed or printed on this example.
Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht einer Antenne, die innerhalb des Deckels angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist diese eingegossen oder eingefräst. Auch hier gibt es wiederum einen Antennenanschluss, der sich dann nach unten erstreckt, was jedoch nicht im Detail dargestellt ist.FIG. 3 shows a side view of an antenna which is arranged inside the cover. Here, this is poured or milled. Again, there is again an antenna connector, which then extends down, which is not shown in detail.
Die Figur 4 zeigt wiederum einen Kabelschachtdeckel mit einer Antenne, die unterhalb des Deckels angeordnet ist. Diese kann ebenfalls aufgespritzt sein oder durch Klebematerialien befestigt worden sein und weist ebenfalls einen Antennenanschluss auf.FIG. 4 again shows a cable duct cover with an antenna which is arranged below the cover. This can also be sprayed or fixed by adhesive materials and also has an antenna connection.
Die Figur 5 zeigt wiederum eine Antenne, die unterhalb des Deckels angeordnet ist, mit einem Trägermaterial das an dem Schachtdeckel befestigt wurde, wobei auf dem Trägermaterial die Antenne angeordnet ist. Somit ist eine Fertigung unabhängig vom Schachtdeckel möglich und kann nachträglich durch entsprechende Schrauben an dem Deckel befestigt werden.FIG. 5 again shows an antenna, which is arranged below the lid, with a carrier material which has been fastened to the manhole cover, the antenna being arranged on the carrier material. Thus, a production independent of the manhole cover is possible and can be subsequently attached by appropriate screws on the lid.
Claims (22)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005062732A DE102005062732A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Manhole cover with aerial for radio networks |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1801293A2 true EP1801293A2 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
| EP1801293A3 EP1801293A3 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
Family
ID=37806680
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06022192A Withdrawn EP1801293A3 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2006-10-24 | Manhole cover with radio network antenna |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1801293A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005062732A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105722076A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 | Communication system and method for realizing WIFI network coverage by use of pavement manhole covers |
| CN105722075A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 | Comprehensive WIFI coverage system using road well lids and control method thereof |
| DE202016100765U1 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-05-17 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Shaft antenna system for mobile communication |
| EP3641052A1 (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-22 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Antenna device and wireless communication system |
| US11056761B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2021-07-06 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Shaft antenna system for mobile communication |
| CN113594664A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2021-11-02 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Antenna device and radio base station |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013012551A1 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-02-26 | KATHREIN Sachsen GmbH | ground antenna |
| DE202016106968U1 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2016-12-30 | D-Net Telekommunikation GmbH | Manhole cover with an antenna and a radio system comprising this manhole cover |
| EP3651267B1 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2023-09-13 | REMONDIS Aqua Industrie GmbH & Co. KG | Cover element with transmitter system |
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2005
- 2005-12-22 DE DE102005062732A patent/DE102005062732A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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| DE4114601A1 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-04-02 | Contraves Gmbh | Sewerage pipe inspection appts. - has inspection units movable in pipe and radio link for control and evaluation |
| GB2252828A (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1992-08-19 | North West Water Group Plc | Communication arrangement associated with an installation monitoring a conduit |
| GB2268032A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1993-12-22 | Badger Meter Inc | Utility meter transponder/antenna assembly for underground installations |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11056761B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2021-07-06 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Shaft antenna system for mobile communication |
| CN105722076A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 | Communication system and method for realizing WIFI network coverage by use of pavement manhole covers |
| CN105722075A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 | Comprehensive WIFI coverage system using road well lids and control method thereof |
| CN105722076B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2019-02-15 | 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 | A kind of communication system and method for realizing WIFI network covering using road surface manhole |
| CN105722075B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2019-02-15 | 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 | A kind of WIFI using road surface manhole covers system and its control method comprehensively |
| DE202016100765U1 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-05-17 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Shaft antenna system for mobile communication |
| WO2017140639A1 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Shaft antenna system for mobile communication |
| US10734711B2 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2020-08-04 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Shaft antenna system for mobile communication |
| CN113594664A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2021-11-02 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Antenna device and radio base station |
| CN113594664B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2024-03-08 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Antenna device and wireless base station |
| EP3641052A1 (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-22 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Antenna device and wireless communication system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1801293A3 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| DE102005062732A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
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