EP1784555A1 - Method and system for installing and maintaining a pipeline while minimizing associated ground disturbance - Google Patents
Method and system for installing and maintaining a pipeline while minimizing associated ground disturbanceInfo
- Publication number
- EP1784555A1 EP1784555A1 EP04782642A EP04782642A EP1784555A1 EP 1784555 A1 EP1784555 A1 EP 1784555A1 EP 04782642 A EP04782642 A EP 04782642A EP 04782642 A EP04782642 A EP 04782642A EP 1784555 A1 EP1784555 A1 EP 1784555A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drilling
- disposing
- platform
- rig
- drilling means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/02—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/04—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to pipeline installation and maintenance technologies, and in a specific, non-limiting embodiment, to a method and system for installing and maintaining a pipeline without trenching or otherwise significantly disturbing associated ground surfaces.
- a system for installing and maintaining a pipeline comprising a first source platform disposed at a first drilling site; a first receiving platform disposed at a second drilling site; a first directional drilling rig disposed on said first source platform; and a first drilling means disposed on said first source platform, wherein said first directional drilling rig pushes said first drilling means from said first drilling site toward said second drilling site in a manner such that said first drilling means drills a subsurface hole between said first source platform and said first receiving platform.
- drilling platforms, directional drilling rigs, and drilling means appropriate for practicing the invention axe also provided.
- a method of installing and maintaining a pipeline comprising disposing a first source platform at a first drilling site; disposing a first receiving platform at a second drilling site; disposing a first directional drilling rig on said first source platform; disposing a first drilling means on said first source platform; and using said first directional drilling rig to push said first drilling means from said first drilling site toward said second drilling site in a manner such that said first drilling means drills a subsurface hole between said first source platform and said first receiving platform.
- Figure 1 depicts a first stage of the invention, wherein a first push/pull rig disposed on a first source platform initiates the drilling of a subsurface hole in the direction of a first receiving platform; meanwhile, a second receiving platform is being assembled further down the line for use when the pipeline segment established between the first source platform and the first receiving platform has been completed.
- Figure 2 depicts the first source platform and the first receiving platform shown in Figure 1, wherein the subsurface hole drilled between the first source platform and the first receiving platform has been completed, and a second push/pull rig disposed on the first receiving platform receives the means for drilling a hole pushed from the first push/pull rig.
- Figure 3 depicts the first source platform and the first receiving platform shown in Figure 1, wherein the second push/pull rig disposed on the first receiving platform pushes the drilling means (which is now equipped with a larger bit than the pilot bit used to drill the starter hole) back toward the first source platform, while the first push/pull rig pulls the drilling means back toward the first source platform, thereby enlarging the diameter of the starter hole.
- Figure 4 depicts the first source platform and the first receiving platform shown in Figure 1, wherein the diameter of the subsurface hole has been sufficiently enlarged that the first push/pull rig can push a first segment of pipeline casing or jointed pipe back toward the first receiving platform; in a preferred embodiment, the second push/pull rig also pulls the pipeline casing or jointed pipe back toward the first receiving platform.
- Figure 5 depicts the first source platform and first and second receiving platforms shown in Figure 1, wherein a first pipeline segment has been completed between the first source platform and the first receiving platform.
- the first receiving platform then becomes a second source platform, used to drill a second subsurface hole in the direction of the second receiving platform.
- the process depicted in Figures 1-4 is then repeated between the second source platform and the second receiving platform until a second pipeline segment has been completed therebetween. The above-described process is continued until the entire length of the pipeline route has been installed.
- a first source platform 11 is disposed in convenient geographic proximity with a first receiving platform 12.
- a first drilling rig 13 and a first drilling means 14 capable of drilling a subsurface hole 18 between the source platform and the receiving platform are installed on source platform 11, and a second drilling rig 15 having a second drilling means 16 is installed on first receiving platform 12.
- first drilling rig 13 is a modified push/pull rig, capable of drilling a subsurface hole 18 using drilling means 14.
- second drilling rig 15 is also a push/pull rig, capable of grasping first drilling means 14 and attaching it to second drilling means 16, so that first and second drilling means 14 and 16 can be pushed and pulled back and forth in a transverse reaming fashion after drilling means 14 and 16 have been joined.
- drilling means 14 is a length of coiled tubing that is pushed by first push/pull rig 13 toward first receiving platform 12, and then fastened to a second length of coiled tubing 16 disposed on the receiving platform after the starter hole has been completed.
- the invention can also be practiced with other types of drilling rigs, for example, horizontal drilling rigs (especially in instances where casing or drilling pipe are employed as the drilling means), and accumulated casing or drilling pipe can then be stacked or otherwise stored on the platforms rather than gathered or wound on spools.
- horizontal drilling rigs especially in instances where casing or drilling pipe are employed as the drilling means
- casing or drilling pipe can then be stacked or otherwise stored on the platforms rather than gathered or wound on spools.
- the invention can also be practiced by replacing second drilling means 16 with a blank reel or spool; in such instances, first drilling means 14 is gathered and wound around the spool, and drilling means 14 is reeled back and forth between the source and receiving platforms, hi other embodiments, second drilling means 16 is omitted altogether, and second push/pull rig 15 is used to push drill pipe or pipe casing back through the subsurface hole toward first source platform 11.
- first drilling means 14 is attached directly to the drill pipe or pipe casing so that first source platform 11 assists in feeding the pipe through the subsurface hole by pulling the pipe back toward the source platform while the receiving platform is used to push the pipe into and through the subsurface hole.
- the pilot bit used to facilitate drilling of subsurface hole 18 is removed from first drilling means 14 after first drilling means 14 emerges from associated ground surface 17 in the proximity of first receiving platform 12.
- the pilot bit is then replaced with a fastening member (e.g., a swivel or a grasping member, etc.) and attached to a larger bit installed on second drilling means 16 so that the larger bit is pulled back through the subsurface hole 18 by first push/pull rig 13 while second push/pull rig 15 pushes the larger bit into the hole.
- a fastening member e.g., a swivel or a grasping member, etc.
- the transverse reaming process is assisted by a downhole motor, which lends additional power to advancement of the larger bit so that the pulling power required of first push/pull rig 13 and the pushing power required of second push/pull rig 15 is reduced; such an embodiment also helps to improve borehole stability during the drilling process, since vertical forces applied to first and second drilling means 14 and 16 by first and second push/pull rigs 13 and 15, respectively, are minimized in favor of the lateral force applied to the larger bit by the downhole motor (not shown).
- the method of the invention is initiated by fitting a length of coiled tubing 14 with a pilot bit 20, and then using the first push/pull rig 13 to push or drill the bit into an associated ground surface 17. In this manner, a subsurface hole 18 is established in ground surface 17 between first source platform 11 and first receiving platform 12 through which additional lengths of coiled tubing 14 are continuously advanced.
- an advanced length of coiled tubing 14 can be withdrawn from starter hole 18, if necessary, to refit the tubing with a different drill bit, for example, as might be required if the first drill bit were to break.
- the pilot bit 20 used to cut starter hole 18 might also need to be replaced with a bit having a harder leading edge in cases where terrain features encountered by the pilot bit become harder or rockier as the starter hole is dug deeper and further along into associated ground surface 17.
- each of first source platform 11 and first receiving platform 12 further comprise a plurality of multifunctional, interconnected platform modules, at least one of which is equipped with an appropriate means for spooling an accumulated length of coiled tubing 14.
- first source platform 11 or first receiving platform 12 can be replaced with other conventional drilling platforms (for example, by known horizontal drilling rig platforms), which are typically installed and supported on a gravel pad, a matting, an ice pad, a hovercraft, a track or another appropriate support structure.
- first receiving platform 12 is spaced apart from first source platform 11, and the depth and angle of declination at which starter hole 18 is drilled relative to associated ground surface 17, are largely dependent upon tactical considerations imposed by the nature of the drilling site and related permit and access issues. For example, if a drilling operation calls for installing a pipeline system beneath an intervening terrain feature (e.g., a lake, or town, or a low-lying accumulation of ground water), it is desirable to carefully calculate both the minimum depth at which the subsurface hole in which the pipeline will ultimately be disposed and the minimum angle at which the line must be arced relative to the ground surface, so as to safely and conservatively establish the spacing distance between first source platform 11 and first receiving platform 12.
- intervening terrain feature e.g., a lake, or town, or a low-lying accumulation of ground water
- the drilling depth and declination angle may be slightly less important, so long as the conditions of the permit or regulatory control (/. e. , that the pipeline be fully buried beneath the ground surface) are satisfied.
- construction of a second receiving platform 19 is also initiated.
- construction of second receiving platform 19 (including a push/pull rig and spool system) is completed around the time the first pipeline segment established between first source platform 11 and first receiving platform 12 is completed.
- first push/pull rig 23 is used as a pusher rig to advance the coiled tubing 24 through ground surface 27 until pilot bit 28 finally emerges in the geographic proximity of first receiving platform 22.
- initial traversal of the distance between first source platform 21 and first receiving platform 22 is carried out using a pilot bit 28 having a relatively small diameter, which for purposes of the present discussion shall be defined herein as diameter di.
- the vertical depth of the subsurface hole relative to associated ground surface 27 is selected so as to provide for good subsurface soil or rock stability.
- the subsurface hole should be disposed well below the thaw zone so as to ensure that the pipeline will remain submerged when surface ice melts in warmer seasons.
- the depth of the subsurface hole is less than about 500 feet, whereas in other embodiments the depth is greater than about 500 feet.
- the subsurface hole is disposed underground at a depth of between about 20 feet and about 300 feet measured relative to associated ground surface 27.
- the depth of the subsurface hole is selected talcing into consideration primarily environmental or safety concerns.
- the subsurface hole is drilled either between or below interposed impermeable ground formations in order to contain any line leakage that may occur, so that contaminants do not leak out into associated ground surface 27.
- the coiled tubing is adjusted to route the hole back toward the surface so that pilot bit 28 emerges in the geographic proximity of first receiving platform 22.
- pilot bit 28 is removed from coiled tubing 24 and replaced with a fastening member, which is fastened to joined lengths of pipe or pipe casing and then pulled back through the hole by first push/pull rig 23; in other embodiments, second push/pull rig 25 also pushes the pipe or pipe casing through the hole while the pipe or pipe casing is pulled by first push/pull rig 23 back toward first source platform 21.
- pilot bit 28 is removed from coiled tubing 24, so that coiled tubing 24 can be gathered by second push/pull rig 25 and then reeled about a blank receiving spool 26; in one embodiment, coiled tubing 24 is then reeled back and forth between first push/pull rig 23 and second push /pull rig 25 to enlarge the diameter of the subsurface hole.
- second receiving platform 29 should also be nearing completion.
- assembly of the platform modules used to form second receiving platform 29 is completed and the platform is equipped with a third push/pull rig around the same time the subsurface hole established between first source platform 21 and first receiving platform 22 has been fully bored.
- first fastening member e.g., a swivel or a rotating grasping member.
- a second drilling means 36 is then reeled out from first receiving platform 32; in a preferred embodiment, second drilling means 36 is a second length of coiled tubing equipped with a reaming assembly.
- second drilling means 36 is comprised of a second fastening member (again, a swivel or a rotating grasping member of some type) and a larger bit having a diameter d 2 , and the second fastening member is attached to the first fastening member disposed on the end of the first length of coiled tubing.
- a second fastening member (again, a swivel or a rotating grasping member of some type) and a larger bit having a diameter d 2 , and the second fastening member is attached to the first fastening member disposed on the end of the first length of coiled tubing.
- the reaming assembly further comprises a downhole motor used to assist advancement of larger drill bit 38 and the joined coiled tubing back through the subsurface hole. Since the two lengths of coiled tubing are attached, second push/pull rig 35 is used to push the connected string into the subsurface hole and back toward first source platform 31. String advancement is further facilitated using first push/pull rig 33 to pull the attached string back through the subsurface hole toward first source platform 31.
- the diameter of subsurface hole 37 is thereafter further enlarged by subsequent traversals of the coiled tubing back and forth through the hole.
- the subsurface hole enlargement process further comprises removing the pilot bit having a diameter di after an entire segment of subsurface hole 37 has been established, and replacing the pilot bit with a larger bit 38 having a diameter d 2 .
- first push/pull rig 31 is used as a puller rig in order to pull the coiled tubing attached bit 38 back toward first source platform 31, while first receiving platform 32 is use as a pusher rig to push the larger bit 38 back toward first source platform 31, either with or without the assistance of a downhole motor (not shown).
- the back and forth transverse reaming process described above is repeated using increasingly larger drill bits, e.g., bits having a diameter d 3 , d 4 , ... d n , until the subsurface hole established between first source platform 31 and first receiving platform 32 is bored to a desired diameter, and the subsurface hole is stable and uniform enough to accommodate installation of joined pipe or pipeline casing.
- drill bits e.g., bits having a diameter d 3 , d 4 , ... d n
- first push/pull rig 43 is used to push segments of joined drill pipe or pipeline casing into the hole in the direction of first receiving platform 42.
- the final drill bit used in widening the hole is removed from second drilling means 46 and replaced with a fastening member, e.g., a swivel or another appropriate grasping means, and fastened to the end of the pipe or casing 48.
- second push/pull rig 45 assists in installation of the pipe or casing 48 by pulling it back toward the first receiving platform 42, while first push/pull rig 41 pushes the pipe or casing 48 away from first source platform 41 and further along into the subsurface hole.
- concentric pipe segments are installed, so that any leakage that may occur in the line is contained, and innermost portions of the line are better insulated against freezing, etc.
- the remaining equipment required for the second receiving platform to participate in the next stage of the installation process is delivered and assembled as installation of the pipe or casing 48 through the subsurface hole proceeds.
- a third spool 44 of coiled tubing or a blank reel suitable for gathering and winding coiled tubing is now assembled in tandem with a push/pull rig, and the second receiving platform awaits only completion of the first pipeline segment before commencing operations.
- the reel or spool 44 installed on the second receiving platform is also the first reel or spool previously used on first source platform 41 during the initial drilling process; in this manner the total number of components required in the system is reduced, since spools and rigs, etc., are re-used again and again in successive stages of the installation process as segments of the pipeline are drilled and completed.
- the first source platform is converted for use as a production platform.
- the first push/pull rig previously disposed on the first source platform is moved further down the line, as construction of subsequent receiving platforms is commenced.
- the equipment and platform modules are then transported using modified ground, air or water vehicles, or in another more conventional manner, as dictated by the operating environment and/or environmental and regulatory concerns.
- the push/pull rig previously used on the first source platform is moved to third receiving platform 51, and another push/pull rig 53 is installed so that third receiving platform 51 is prepared to commence operations when the pipeline segment being installed between second source platform 52 (which was previously considered to be the first receiving platform) and second receiving platform 61 is complete.
- second drilling means 56 for example, coiled tubing, pipe casing, drilling pipe, etc.
- second drilling means 56 is used to drill a starter hole in the direction of second receiving platform 61.
- an extended length of coiled tubing equipped with a pilot bit establishes a subsurface hole of desired length between second source platform 52 and second receiving platform 61.
- additional segments of pipe or pipe casing are installed, so that another full segment of the pipeline is completed.
- Second receiving platform 61 then becomes a third source platform for purposes of installing a third segment of the pipeline in the direction of third receiving platform 51.
- connections between pipeline segments are made at the surface, so as to permit access to the line for running cleaners, and to permit safety inspections, etc.
- the connections may also be disposed in pits, basins or other underground locations, so that the entirety of the line is disposed beneath associated ground surface 57.
- access and security ports are left at points along the line (for example, it might be desirable to leave an access or security port at one or more of the platform locations as the line is installed), so that maintenance and security operations can be carried out after the pipeline has been completed and fluid transportation operations have commenced.
- partial platforms are left at points along the line to house control valves or pig launch and recovery assemblies, and to provide intermediary access points at which the line can be entered for maintenance and security purposes.
- the presently disclosed pipeline installation and maintenance method and system provides for assembly of numerous interconnectible platform modules into drilling platform from which segmented pipeline portions are flexibly installed, so that the platforms can thereafter be transported to and assembled above various other locations along the pipeline route. Further segments of the line are similarly constructed, either simultaneously or in stages, using the modified directional drilling techniques and transverse boring processes disclosed herein. Ultimately, a long series of adjacent pipeline segments are installed along the desired pipeline route, while associated ground surfaces suffer only minimal and temporary disturbance.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/028208 WO2006025829A1 (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | Method and system for installing and maintaining a pipeline while minimizing associated ground disturbance |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1784555A1 true EP1784555A1 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
EP1784555A4 EP1784555A4 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
EP1784555B1 EP1784555B1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
Family
ID=37945886
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04782642A Active EP1784555B1 (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | Method and system for installing and maintaining a pipeline while minimizing associated ground disturbance |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1784555B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE493558T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004030832D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1784555T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2358803T3 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3539024A (en) * | 1968-08-09 | 1970-11-10 | Brown & Root | Apparatus for drilling inclined boreholes with drill bit support |
US3724224A (en) * | 1971-06-07 | 1973-04-03 | Exxon Production Research Co | Method for installing double-walled pipelines |
US4016942A (en) * | 1972-06-10 | 1977-04-12 | Trunkline Gas Company | Method and apparatus for indicating the position of one well bore with respect to a second well bore |
US4220203A (en) * | 1977-12-06 | 1980-09-02 | Stamicarbon, B.V. | Method for recovering coal in situ |
-
2004
- 2004-08-30 DE DE602004030832T patent/DE602004030832D1/en active Active
- 2004-08-30 ES ES04782642T patent/ES2358803T3/en active Active
- 2004-08-30 AT AT04782642T patent/ATE493558T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-30 DK DK04782642.5T patent/DK1784555T3/en active
- 2004-08-30 EP EP04782642A patent/EP1784555B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3539024A (en) * | 1968-08-09 | 1970-11-10 | Brown & Root | Apparatus for drilling inclined boreholes with drill bit support |
US3724224A (en) * | 1971-06-07 | 1973-04-03 | Exxon Production Research Co | Method for installing double-walled pipelines |
US4016942A (en) * | 1972-06-10 | 1977-04-12 | Trunkline Gas Company | Method and apparatus for indicating the position of one well bore with respect to a second well bore |
US4220203A (en) * | 1977-12-06 | 1980-09-02 | Stamicarbon, B.V. | Method for recovering coal in situ |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2006025829A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE493558T1 (en) | 2011-01-15 |
DE602004030832D1 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
ES2358803T3 (en) | 2011-05-13 |
EP1784555B1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
DK1784555T3 (en) | 2011-03-28 |
EP1784555A4 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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