EP1782146A2 - Systeme reparti d'alimentation electrique d'un bus de puissance et procede de controle d'une alimentation en courant utilisant ce systeme - Google Patents

Systeme reparti d'alimentation electrique d'un bus de puissance et procede de controle d'une alimentation en courant utilisant ce systeme

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Publication number
EP1782146A2
EP1782146A2 EP05760580A EP05760580A EP1782146A2 EP 1782146 A2 EP1782146 A2 EP 1782146A2 EP 05760580 A EP05760580 A EP 05760580A EP 05760580 A EP05760580 A EP 05760580A EP 1782146 A2 EP1782146 A2 EP 1782146A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power
mode
bus
sections
primary supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05760580A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Luigi Scuola di Ingegneria Aerospaziale SCHIRONE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
Original Assignee
Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza filed Critical Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
Publication of EP1782146A2 publication Critical patent/EP1782146A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a distributed system for electrically supplying a power bus and method of controlling power supply using such system.
  • the invention concerns a distributed system for electrically supplying a power bus providing a plurality of power supply sections differently activable according to predefined modes in order to ensure power supply of the power bus according to the demand of the load, safeguarding the same system and hence favouring its duration.
  • a particularly advantageous application field of the present invention is that of controlling power supply in spacecrafts.
  • Power controlling unit 4 adjusts the voltage distributed to different loads or sub-systems 5 (voltage of the power bus 100) in the several operating modes by means of a switching converter 2. To this end, the power controlling unit 4 monitors the state of the power bus 100 both before and after such switching converter 2. The power controlling unit 4 still controls energy storage in batteries 1 through a charge/discharge regulator 3.
  • a very important aspect is represented by the need of controlling in an efficient way the different conditions of electric load: very intense peaks lasting few minutes may occur, but even long period during which the onboard sub-systems absorb power in a very reduced measure, with respect to the productive potentialities of the photovoltaic system.
  • a graph of the power density of a photovoltaic system as a function of the operating voltage is shown in Figure 2. Characteristics at the beginning of mission ("Begin Of Life”, BOL) at low temperature and those at the end of life ("End Of Life”, EOL) at high temperature are shown, and respective maximum power point (MPP1 and MPP2) positions are marked.
  • power available from a photovoltaic system is subject to great variations depending on lighting intensity, temperature (with a negative value of thermal coefficient related to photovoltaic conversion efficiency), and time spent in orbit (degradation due to exposure to space environment).
  • Power effectively supplied to the load also greatly depends on the instant value of the electric load 5, because the great nonlinearity of the current-voltage characteristic of solar cells (see Figure 2).
  • FIG. 2 In the past several configurations have been used for the power system of spacecrafts, some of which are particularly efficient in facilitating control of excess of onboard available power (that is important in the initial stages of the mission), while others are optimised for controlling load peaks (that is important for particular missions, such as those of remote sensing with onboard radar and, in general, in the final stages of the mission).
  • An example comprises solutions aiming at efficiently controlling conditions of reduced electric load.
  • S3R Sequential Shunt Switching Regulator
  • the photovoltaic system is subdivided into N equivalent sections FV, each one of which may be either singly connected to the power bus 100 or short-circuited through a corresponding switch 6 for disabling power generation.
  • a blocking diode 9 is after generators FV.
  • a capacitive element 8 is in parallel with the electrical load 5.
  • the number of active sections is automatically adjusted, depending on the power demanded by the load. Fine voltage regulation is carried out by controlling one of the sections according to a "Pulse Width Modulation" (PWM) 11 through a suitable PWM controller 7.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the controller measures voltage V bus on the power bus 100, after generators FV, and compares it with a reference voltage through a comparator 10.
  • PWM control of one of the sections then occurs by fastly switching ON/OFF the photovoltaic system, with a ratio between times T 0n and T O ff ("duty-cycle") such that it produces a mean current having the demanded value.
  • the S3R system is described by D. O'Sullivan, A. Weinberg, in
  • Patent US6181115 discloses a device based on a photovoltaic primary generation system, subdivided into a plurality of modules, further comprising a storage battery unit.
  • Each module is provided with a three-state control device, as a slave of a central control unit, that determines its state on the basis of the bus voltage and of the charge state the batteries.
  • the given states are: 1) power supply of the bus, 2) power supply of the storage unit, 3) shortcircuit of the module.
  • Another type of solutions for controlling power is that aiming at efficiently controlling peaks of electrical load.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking
  • a typical example of power system with MPPT used in spacecrafts is that effectively used for missions Rosetta and Mars Express, and schematised in Figure 4.
  • the photovoltaic system interfaces with the power bus 100 by means of a series PWM regulator 11 , that in normal operating mode controls the switching converter 2 so as to obtain a current flow so to hold the voltage on the load at the desired value.
  • control rule of PWM 11 is changed.
  • duty-cycle is adjusted so as to hold the operating voltage of the photovoltaic system in proximity of the maximum power point.
  • control is carried out by a MPPT controller 12, and it occurs on the basis of the power P sa detected before the same, that is compared with the maximum power Max P sa , suitably estimated, through a comparator 13.
  • MPPT controller 12 controls the current flow so as to hold the voltage on the load at the desired value.
  • Power control aimed to tracking conditions of maximum power transfer from the photovoltaic system to the load (MPPT), is very important during power absorption peaks, since it allows exploiting at best productive potentialities of the primary generator.
  • the MPPT may be useful at the beginning of life as well, for those missions characterised by a load profile greatly variable in time, with demand for intervention of the batteries together with load peaks, as for example in satellites the load of which comprises a radar, or in general in remote sensing satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) which have to concentrate communications with the land station in a short time period: in these cases use of MPPT allows reducing stresses imposed to batteries, so increasing their duration under the same size conditions or allowing their size to be reduced under the same duration conditions. Alternatively, some proposed systems provide operating modes allowing obtaining high power generation without resorting to heavy tracking procedures.
  • LEO low earth orbit
  • microprocessor system is disclosed in
  • a still different type of solutions of controlling power is that aiming at optimising the restoration of the storage batteries.
  • Patent US6246219 insists on the subject. It proposes a variation of string switching shunt regulator, that, in addition to the output bus, also comprises an auxiliary bus, which may be used for recharging the batteries.
  • S4R system has been described by A.H. Weinberg, S. H. Weinberg in "A new maximum power point tracker topology", proc. 6th European Space Power Conference, Porto, Portugal, 6-10 may 2002, pp. 257-262.
  • the solution is protected by Patent EP1034465. It is a solution providing the insertion of MPPT into both S3R and S4R, with limited configuration modifications, by simply acting on the reference value for the bus voltage, that is set so as to obtain the desired function of tracking the maximum power point for the whole generation system.
  • the dedicated sections may also supply the main bus.
  • a peculiarity of the method is the fact that it is not provided a single regulation of the operating point of the single sections of the generation system, which may be either connected in direct current or disconnected from the bus.
  • a supply subsystem comprising a plurality of supply sections, at least two supply sections of said plurality of supply sections being primary supply sections, said primary supply sections being apt to produce electrical energy starting from other forms of energy, said primary supply sections having an output power varying as the output current varies so as to reach a peak value for a corresponding value of the output current, characterised in that each one of the primary supply sections is apt to assume an operating mode selected from a set of operating modes comprising at least two of the following modes:
  • a primary supply section supplies the maximum suppliable power to the power bus
  • a primary supply section supplies a power within a range centred on a predetermined power value to the power bus
  • a primary supply section delivers an amount of power so as to keep one or more electrical variables associated with the system within a predetermined range to the power bus; and - controlling means apt to select for each primary supply section an operating mode from said set of operating modes, and to control the operating mode of each primary supply section.
  • Each primary supply section may comprise a plurality of elementary devices for generating primary energy supply.
  • At least one primary supply section comprises photovoltaic converters.
  • At least one supply section of said plurality of supply sections is a secondary supply section, apt to store electrical energy.
  • the set of operating modes further comprises:
  • the absolute value of the output voltage of a primary supply section being in disabled mode is lower than a predetermined threshold value.
  • the absolute value of the output current of a primary supply section being in disabled mode is lower than a predetermined threshold value. That is, the circuit is open, the output of the primary supply section is insulated from the power bus.
  • the output current of a primary supply section, being in high power generation mode is kept within a range centred on a determined reference value by the controlling means.
  • said reference current value is determined on the basis of the value of the primary supply section output current, measured in disabled mode.
  • Such value of the primary supply section output current, measured in disabled mode is equivalent to the value measured when the voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold.
  • the output voltage of each primary supply section is kept at a value close to a predetermined reference voltage value.
  • the reference voltage value is determined on the basis of the value of the primary supply section output voltage, measured in disabled mode.
  • Such value of the primary supply section output voltage, measured in disabled mode, is equivalent to the value measured when the current is lower than a predetermined threshold.
  • one of said one or more system variables is the voltage of the power bus.
  • one of said one or more system variables is the current of the power bus.
  • one or more system variables are associated with the system, the operating mode of each one of the primary supply sections being established so that the overall power supplied to the power bus is such that it keeps said one or more system variables within predetermined limits.
  • each primary supply section which is forced to pass to maximum power point tracking mode, leaving a different operating mode, assumes high power generation mode as initial state.
  • the system further comprises bus monitoring means which generates signals apt to represent values of one or more electrical variables associated with the system, and sends them to said controlling means.
  • said controlling means comprises at least one section controller that determines the operating mode of at least one supply section on the basis of the signals received from said bus monitoring means.
  • said at least one section controller determines the operating mode of at least one supply section on the basis of the operating mode of the other supply sections.
  • said at least one section controller being apt to be driven by one or more devices external to the system during the operation of the same system.
  • said controlling means comprises at least two section controllers.
  • each one of said at least two section controllers sending signals to at least another section controller and receiving signals from at least another section controller.
  • each primary supply section comprises at least one multi-state controller, said multi-state controller controlling power transfer from the primary supply section to which it belongs to the power bus, in accordance with a controlling rule depending on the selected operating mode.
  • each one of the primary supply sections comprises switchable connection means, said switchable connection means being apt to enable and disable power transfer from the primary supply section to the power bus.
  • each multi-state controller comprises at least one converter and at least one generation device, the converter being apt to convert the electrical energy produced by said generation device.
  • said converter is a switching converter.
  • each multi-state controller further comprises:
  • - state controlling means at least receiving the signals output by at least one of the following means: controlling means, bus monitoring means section monitoring means, and supplying to the converter and to the switchable connection means one or more driving signals apt to keep one or more variables associated with the system within limits foreseen for the operating mode selected for the primary supply section comprising the multi-state controller.
  • said converter comprises at least one variable conductance device having twofold function of switchable connection means and of switching the current of said converter.
  • Variable conductance devices may be, for instance, switches, on-off switches, transistors.
  • the converter is a boost or step-up converter.
  • the converter in high power generation mode, is forced to operate with a predetermined duty- cycle value.
  • the duty-cycle reference value may be advantageously stored in the corresponding supply section.
  • at least one secondary supply section comprises at least one kinematic device for storing energy.
  • said at least one energy storage kinematic device is at least one flywheel.
  • At least one primary supply section operates in one of the modes selected from the group:
  • the amount of power supplied to the power bus being controlled so as to keep one or more electrical variables associated with the system within predetermined limits
  • the controlled variable is the voltage of the power bus.
  • the controlled variable is the current of the power bus.
  • each one of the secondary supply sections also comprises:
  • - section monitoring means apt to monitor the charge state of the secondary supply sections and to consequently generate signals representative of the same state and of the electrical system variables describing the operating conditions of the same secondary supply section, said signals being sent to the state controlling means.
  • each one of the secondary supply sections also comprises either a charge/discharge regulator or a discharge regulator and a charge regulator connected to the power bus.
  • each one of the secondary supply sections comprises: - section controlling means, which at least receives the signals output by the bus monitoring means and by section monitoring means, and which outputs, either towards the charge/discharge regulators or towards the discharge regulators and the charge regulators, driving signals apt to keep electrical variables associated with the system within limits foreseen for the operating mode selected for the secondary supply section considered from time to time.
  • the system further comprises an auxiliary bus.
  • each supply section of said plurality of sections is apt to be singly set for supplying energy to the power bus or to the auxiliary bus.
  • each primary supply section when supplying energy to the auxiliary bus, is apt to assume at least one of the operating modes provided for supplying energy to the power bus.
  • At least one secondary supply section is apt to receive power from the auxiliary bus.
  • either all or part of the primary supply sections connected from time to time to the auxiliary bus may be used for regulating charging of the secondary supply sections.
  • control system will preferably contain a "Battery Error
  • BEA Amplifier
  • BCR Battery Charge Regulator
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of: - in presence of a power absorption by the load higher than the maximum power available from the set of all the primary supply sections, keeping:
  • the method further comprises the step of: - in presence of a power absorption by the load higher than the maximum power available from one of the primary supply sections, and lower than the maximum power available from the set of all the primary supply sections, keeping:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of: - keeping in disabled mode the sections which do not supply energy to the power bus.
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • the method further comprises the step of: - setting at least one primary supply section, among all those connected to the auxiliary bus, in regulation mode, the regulated variable being the current, and all the remaining primary supply sections connected to the auxiliary bus in high power generation mode.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general diagram of the power system of a typical spacecraft
  • FIG. 2 shows power density of a space photovoltaic system as a function of the operating voltage
  • FIG. 3 shows the architecture of the S3R power system according to the prior art
  • FIG. 4 shows a power system operating as MPPT according to the prior art
  • FIG. 5 shows a traditional system for recharging the storage batteries by drawing power directly from the photovoltaic system
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a power system according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a first portion of the system according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment of it;
  • FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a second portion of the system according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment of it;
  • - Figure 9 shows a block diagram of a particular of Figure 8.
  • An electric power supply system 17 directly supplies power to a power bus 100, that supplies power to a load 5 (possibly constituted by a plurality of different loads).
  • Monitoring means 18 monitors the state of the power bus 100 and it may consequently act, through signal transmission (dashed lines), directly on both the supply system 17 and on controlling means 16, that may directly act on the supply system 17.
  • controlling means 16 may act both automatically according to preset rules, and under stimulus from an external device directly connected thereto. In this way, for example in a satellite, if the onboard computer calculates that at a certain moment a device will need a higher power, it will ask said controlling means 16 for preventively organising the supply system in order to satisfy the demand, so saving time needed for a reorganisation at the moment of the effective need.
  • supply system 17 is constituted by a plurality of supply sections 17', apt to supply electrical energy to the power bus 100 under driving by controlling means 16. This subdivision into sections is essential for dealing with possible variations of the electrical load 5.
  • Each section 17' may operate in different operating modes depending on needs, i.e., in general, depending on the power demanded by the load 5 and on the environmental conditions to which the system according to the invention is subject.
  • controlling means 16 establishes the operating mode of each section so as to obtain a whole power adequate for supplying the load 5 under conditions considered from time to time.
  • Such controlling means 16 comprises one or more section controllers CS, each one of which manages the operating modes of at least one corresponding supply section.
  • section controller CSC there is one section controller CSC having functions of coordination of all the section controllers CS.
  • a section controller CS is associated with each supply section. Such controllers CS may communicate with each other and/or directly with the corresponding supply sections. To this end, each section controller CS may be connected to input and output lines which allow it to send signals to all the other section controllers CS and to the same sections, and to receive signals from all the other section controllers CS as well as from the same sections.
  • the section controller may comprise electrically programmable means.
  • each supply section internally comprises a controller CM, preferably a multi-state controller.
  • the multi-state controller CM of each supply section separately regulates the transfer of power from the generation device DG included within the supply section towards the power bus 100.
  • Each multi-state controller CM may assume different states, corresponding to different operating modes.
  • the multi-state controller CM comprises state controlling means 27, a converter 25 and section monitoring means 26.
  • Each multi-state controller CM comprises at least one converter 25, apt to convert the electrical energy produced by the generation device DG of the primary supply section to which it belongs, in a form adequate for supplying the power bus 100 in the selected operating mode.
  • converter output current may usually assume only values either higher (Buck or step-down converters) or lower (boost or step-up converters) than the input current. Converters may also be implemented in which there are both higher and lower values (Cuk or Sepic converters).
  • the multi-state controller CM and/or the converter 25 preferably comprise switchable connection means 28.
  • Said converter 25 preferably comprises at least one variable conductance device having the twofold function of switchable connection means and of switching the current of said converter.
  • Variable conductance devices may be for example switches, on-off switches, transistors.
  • Said variable conductance device in the operating mode in which the primary supply section considered from time to time, supplies energy to the power bus 100, contributing to control the current of the converter 25 and assuming, in a mode in which power transfer from the supply section is disabled (disabled mode), a state in which it contributes to keep the power generated by the primary supply section considered from time to time at a value lower than a predetermined threshold.
  • Two basic modes of the system according to the invention are maximum power point tracking mode, in which mode each primary supply section supplies the maximum power as possible under the specific system environmental conditions to the power bus 100, and a high power generation mode, in which mode each primary supply section supplies a power close to a predetermined power value to the power bus 100.
  • a third basic operating mode is regulation mode, in particular voltage regulation mode, in which transferred power is regulated so as to keep the voltage of the power bus 100 within predetermined limits.
  • regulation mode allows keeping one or more system electrical variables within predetermined limits.
  • the system according to the invention provides the possibility to set an adequate number of supply sections 17' in disabled mode, in which power transfer from the single supply section to the power bus 100 is suspended.
  • This solution first of all entails advantages from the point of view of the simplicity of the section controllers CM, used for converting electrical energy from the source DG, included within the supply section, in a form adequate for being put on the power bus 100 meeting the predetermined conditions: in fact, it allows reducing power dynamics (relative variation) of the power managed by each section controller CM, with advantages from the point of view of both performances and complexity of employed devices.
  • redundancy introduced by using a plurality of equivalent controllers CM for controlling the supply sections, distributed over different supply sections 17' of the electrical supply system 17, allows obtaining benefits also with respect to the system overall reliability: failure probability under conditions of reduced load is diminished, most of all when means 16 activates sections 17' in turn.
  • the maximum power supplied by the supply system 17 is subject to a gradual degradation, since failure of each supply section 17' only entails the loss of a quota of the whole maximum power.
  • Supply sections forming the electrical supply system 17 may be classified into two groups, depending on the type of source DG contained therein: sections comprising primary supply sources DG, wherein electrical energy is generated at the expense of other energy forms, such as for example photovoltaic or thermoelectric generators, and sections comprising secondary supply sources DG, comprising energy storage means, such as for example batteries.
  • the system according to the invention allows using, as secondary supply sources DG, also energy storage kinematic devices, or flywheels.
  • Secondary supply sections only intervenes in situations when generated primary supply power is not sufficient for supplying the load under the foreseen conditions (conditions consisting, for example, in keeping the output voltage within a predetermined range), or in the case when a power excessive for the power bus 100 may be used for recharging such secondary supply sections.
  • the system according to the invention also provides another operating mode of the primary supply sections, i.e. maximum power point tracking mode.
  • this mode voltage value on the supply section is controlled so as to keep it close to the point in which the power supplied to the load is maximum.
  • each primary supply section that is in maximum power point tracking mode
  • each primary supply section is continuously adjusted during system operation, so that each primary supply section either produces the maximum power as possible or supplies the maximum power to the power bus under the specific system environmental conditions.
  • the difference between this two cases depends on the nonlinearity of efficiency of the converter interposed between generation device and bus; in effect, the difference consists of measuring power before or after the converter.
  • the response to the transient is greatly improved since the initial operating point for maximum power point tracking operating mode is fixed so as to be close to the steady state operating point, or in any case in a condition of high power generation.
  • the duty-cycle reference value may be updated some or all the times when the primary supply section considered from time to time exits maximum power point tracking mode.
  • the duty-cycle reference value may be calculated as a function of the current or voltage measured in disabled mode.
  • each primary supply section which is forced to pass to maximum power point tracking mode, leaving a different operating mode, preferably assumes high power generation mode as initial state.
  • High power generation mode may be also used under steady condition.
  • the operating mode of these latter primary supply sections is called regulation mode, in particular voltage regulation mode, in which the voltage on the load is kept within a predetermined range.
  • this mode entails reduced fluctuations of the current supplied by the supply sections, with a consequent reduction of induced electromagnetic interferences (EMI).
  • EMI induced electromagnetic interferences
  • Each section controller CS controls one or more supply sections, carrying out a preset series of operations, which may be updated after the start of operation of the system, for example through a remote control.
  • This possibility of reprogramming the controllers CS is very important, most of all for spacecrafts, since it allows intervening for recovering system functionality that could be lost after failures or design errors.
  • fine control of electrical variables is entrusted to the multi-state controller CM, that assumes a state depending on the selected mode, implementing a corresponding automatic control rule.
  • the multi-state controller CM behaves as an output voltage regulator
  • the controller CM behaves as an input voltage regulator
  • maximum power point tracking mode it carries out a sequence of operations which allow selecting the operating point of the section supplying the power bus 100.
  • the power supplied by the supply section to the power bus 100 is set below a predetermined threshold by means of proper switchable connection means 28 (for example by shortcircuiting or opening output electrical lines of a photovoltaic generator).
  • the system according to the invention may use a main switch of the converter 25 for carrying out the function of switchable connection means 28.
  • the input loop is usually formed by a switch and an inductive element: it is thus possible to carry out the function disabling the supply section, by stably keeping the switch in the closed position.
  • the supply section may be disabled by stably keeping the switch open in series to the supply lines.
  • One of the preferred embodiments of the system according to the invention provides the presence of an auxiliary bus, in addition to the main bus.
  • the sections containing primary supply sources have further operating modes, in which produced electrical energy is supplied to the auxiliary bus, according to modes comprising at least one of the modes provided for supplying the main power bus 100.
  • auxiliary bus (not shown) so as to adjust charging of the energy storage devices.
  • This functionality is obtained by sending on the auxiliary bus the electric power produced by a suitable number of primary supply sections, chosen among those which are not demanded to supply the power bus 100.
  • the system according to the invention allows enriching power systems of new functionalities, aimed at reducing stresses on the storage batteries of the secondary sections and at improving the system overall reliability, without significantly increasing its complexity.
  • the distributed system for supplying the power bus 100 according to the invention may be applied in all those systems in which a variable electrical load is supplied by electric power sources characterised by a nonlinear relationship between the power supplied to the load and the output voltage, presenting a sole power maximum in correspondence with a voltage value defining the maximum power point, related to the specific source operation conditions.
  • a typical example, that does not exhaust the range of possible applications, is constituted by spacecrafts supplied by photovoltaic generators, in which periods of reduced electrical load, in which the electric power available from the generation system exceeds the absorption by the load, follow periods in which the load reaches peak values in which, since it is not possible to generate power sufficient for meeting load demands, intervention of energy storage systems is necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système réparti d'alimentation électrique d'un bus de puissance, comprenant un bus de puissance (100) relié à au moins une charge électrique (5); un sous-système d'alimentation comprenant une pluralité (17) de sections d'alimentation (17'), au moins deux sections d'alimentation (17') de cette pluralité (17) étant des sections d'alimentation primaires, capable de produire de l'énergie électrique à partir d'autres formes d'énergie, et caractérisé par le fait que chacune des sections d'alimentation primaires peut supporter un mode de fonctionnement choisi parmi un ensemble de modes de fonctionnement comprenant au moins deux des modes suivants: un premier mode de repérage de point de puissance maximum, un deuxième mode de génération de puissance élevée, un troisième mode de régulation; et des moyens de contrôles (16, CS, CSC, CM, 27) capables de sélectionner et de contrôler pour chaque section d'alimentation primaire un mode de fonctionnement à partir de l'ensemble de modes de fonctionnement. Cette invention porte aussi sur un procédé de contrôle de puissance au moyen du système de puissance susmentionné.
EP05760580A 2004-08-04 2005-07-07 Systeme reparti d'alimentation electrique d'un bus de puissance et procede de controle d'une alimentation en courant utilisant ce systeme Withdrawn EP1782146A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000396A ITRM20040396A1 (it) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Sistema distribuito per l'alimentazione elettrica di bus di potenza e metodo di controllo della potenza utilizzante tale sistema.
PCT/IT2005/000391 WO2006013600A2 (fr) 2004-08-04 2005-07-07 Systeme reparti d'alimentation electrique d'un bus de puissance et procede de controle d'une alimentation en courant utilisant ce systeme

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EP1782146A2 true EP1782146A2 (fr) 2007-05-09

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EP05760580A Withdrawn EP1782146A2 (fr) 2004-08-04 2005-07-07 Systeme reparti d'alimentation electrique d'un bus de puissance et procede de controle d'une alimentation en courant utilisant ce systeme

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EP (1) EP1782146A2 (fr)
IT (1) ITRM20040396A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006013600A2 (fr)

Cited By (49)

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