EP1781065A1 - A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer - Google Patents

A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1781065A1
EP1781065A1 EP05023678A EP05023678A EP1781065A1 EP 1781065 A1 EP1781065 A1 EP 1781065A1 EP 05023678 A EP05023678 A EP 05023678A EP 05023678 A EP05023678 A EP 05023678A EP 1781065 A1 EP1781065 A1 EP 1781065A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
substrate
coating
weight
plastic material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05023678A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Franks
Michael Harris
Andrew Clarke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH filed Critical Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
Priority to EP05023678A priority Critical patent/EP1781065A1/en
Publication of EP1781065A1 publication Critical patent/EP1781065A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/027—Diaphragms comprising metallic materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a diaphragm for use in an electro-acoustic transducer and, more particularly, to an improvement with respect to the material constituting such a diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer is made of rigid material, such as metal, alloy, rubber, paper, etc. and usually has a layer coated on the surface thereof.
  • US 6, 654, 476 B1 mentions the coating of the front surface of a dome-shaped diaphragm.
  • US 4, 128, 138 and US 4, 129, 195 disclose a vinyl chloride sheet or an aluminium foil disposed on the surface of a diaphragm made of porous metal produced from nickel powder to eliminate the gas permeability of the porous metal. More often, this coating layer is made of anodised material.
  • the addition of an anodised coating to the surface of a reactive metal or alloy usually provides a degree of protection from oxidisation of the surface of the metal, and/or to provide electrical insulation, which are important requirements by many speakers.
  • the present invention provides a diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer comprising a rigid substrate made of metal or alloy that is non-porous, the substrate having two surfaces and a certain weight; and a coating, or a layer, sheet, film or foil, applied to either or both surfaces of the substrate, said coating being made of a plastic material and having a weight less than the weight of the substrate.
  • non-porous metal or alloy ensures that the diaphragm has sufficient stiffness.
  • the addition of the plastic coating to the surface(s) of the diaphragm substrate made of metal or alloy provides a degree of protection from oxidisation of the surface as well as electrical insulation.
  • to use a plastic material having a light weight guarantees no significant increase in mass is added to the diaphragm, and this minimized weight-addition would be beneficial to the performance of the electro-acoustic transducer.
  • Other benefits of using plastic material include increased damping over the whole diaphragm surface thus improving its acoustic performance.
  • the coating may also be applied to dust caps, domes, tweeter domes, or any components of the electro-acoustic transducer that convert mechanical movement into acoustic energy.
  • One preferred kind of the plastic material constituting the coating is vinyl. Not only does a vinyl coating achieve the desired electrical insulation and corrosion protection for the diaphragm substrate, but it also improves the manufacturability of diaphragms during the forming process by acting as a lubricant within the press tools.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view of a diaphragm according to the present invention. It should be noted that, the diaphragm is only partly and asymmetrically shown in the figure, but this does not affect the effectiveness of supporting the explanation of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm 1 for an electro-acoustic transducer such as a speaker comprises a substrate 10 having two surfaces 12 and 14 and a certain weight, and a coating 15 applied to both surfaces.
  • the substrate 10 may be of a cone-shape or a dome-shape, as both are commonly used shapes for diaphragms. But any other desired shape is applicable.
  • the substrate 10 is made of a rigid material, for example, a metal or an alloy that is non-porous.
  • the metal may be aluminium, magnesium, or any other suitable metal commonly in practice.
  • the alloy may contain one or more of the metals aluminium, beryllium, magnesium, titanium, etc.
  • the two surfaces of the substrate are called a front surface and a reverse surface, numbered as 12 and 14 respectively.
  • Coating 15 is applied on both surfaces.
  • the coating is made of a plastic material and has a weight less than the weight of the substrate 10.
  • This plastic material may be a vinyl material, also called polymer material. Examples of vinyl include, but are not limited to, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylacetate, vinylspacelacquer, and vinylresin.
  • the plastic coating may be applied to the substrate, for example, by spraying, dipping, printing or brushing.
  • the coating in order to limit the weight added to the diaphragm, the coating should be as thin as possible; however, it should also be thick enough so as to satisfactorily provide electrical insulation and protection from oxidisation of the surface(s).
  • the thickness of the coating may range from 0.5 g/m 2 to 8 g/m 2 ; moreover, the coating may have a thickness between 2 g/m 2 to 4 g/m 2 , although this range can be changed to meet other specific requirements, such as requirements due to increased damping properties and the consequent acoustic performance improvements.
  • the plastic material is light.
  • a thickness of 0.0025mm coating on each surface of the diaphragm corresponds to a weight of approximately 2 g/m 2 .
  • the coating may have a weight less than 1/10, or even 1/100 of the weight of the substrate 10.
  • One exemplary set of values for the substrate and the coating is that the substrate 10 is 0.1 mm thick and the plastic coating is 0.001 mm thick.
  • the diaphragm in Fig. 1 may be called a double-polymer (plastic material) coated diaphragm.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are cross sectional views of single polymer (plastic material) coated diaphragms.
  • the diaphragm in Fig. 2 is the same as that in Fig. 1, except for that the coating is only applied to one surface, here the front surface 12, of the two surfaces of the substrate 10. Similarly, in Fig. 3, the coating is only applied to the reverse surface 14, of the two surfaces of the substrate 10.
  • These single polymer (plastic material) coated diaphragms adds even less weight to the diaphragm.
  • Figs. 4 to 6 illustrate a tweeter dome 4 coated with such plastic coating 45, either on one or both surfaces 42 and 44 of the substrate 40 of the tweeter dome.
  • the plastic coating electrically insulates and protects the coated substrate from corrosion without any significant increase in mass to the component being coated, leading to an improvement in the acoustic performance of the electro-acoustic transducer.
  • the use of a plastic coating also improves the manufacturability of the coated components during the forming process by acting as a lubricant within the press tools.
  • tool ware occurs when the press tools are used over pure metal (such as aluminium) and alloys, thus lubricant, such as oil, is often required to help the metal or alloy to slide within the tool.
  • the present invention also has the advantage of reducing the tool ware and increases the tool life.

Abstract

A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer comprising a rigid substrate having two surfaces and a certain weight; wherein said substrate being made of non-porous metal or alloy; and a coating applied to either or both surfaces of the substrate; said coating being made of plastic material and having a weight less than the weight of the substrate.

Description

    FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
  • The present invention relates to a diaphragm for use in an electro-acoustic transducer and, more particularly, to an improvement with respect to the material constituting such a diaphragm.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • It is known in the art that the diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer, such as a speaker, is made of rigid material, such as metal, alloy, rubber, paper, etc. and usually has a layer coated on the surface thereof. For instance, US 6, 654, 476 B1 mentions the coating of the front surface of a dome-shaped diaphragm. US 4, 128, 138 and US 4, 129, 195 disclose a vinyl chloride sheet or an aluminium foil disposed on the surface of a diaphragm made of porous metal produced from nickel powder to eliminate the gas permeability of the porous metal. More often, this coating layer is made of anodised material. The addition of an anodised coating to the surface of a reactive metal or alloy usually provides a degree of protection from oxidisation of the surface of the metal, and/or to provide electrical insulation, which are important requirements by many speakers.
  • It is also well known in the art that a light-weight diaphragm with sufficient stiffness can avoid internal vibration and thus is advantageous for reproducing a high fidelity sound. In this regard, conventional coating materials are sometimes not desirable. Therefore, there is a need to look for new coating means to provide the diaphragm with good electrical insulation and protection against corrosion but without any significant increase in mass to the diaphragm. In addition, there is a similar need to protect other components of a speaker such as the dust cap, the dome, the tweeter dome, or any component that converts mechanical movement into acoustic energy.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention provides a diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer comprising a rigid substrate made of metal or alloy that is non-porous, the substrate having two surfaces and a certain weight; and a coating, or a layer, sheet, film or foil, applied to either or both surfaces of the substrate, said coating being made of a plastic material and having a weight less than the weight of the substrate.
  • The use of non-porous metal or alloy ensures that the diaphragm has sufficient stiffness. The addition of the plastic coating to the surface(s) of the diaphragm substrate made of metal or alloy provides a degree of protection from oxidisation of the surface as well as electrical insulation. Moreover, to use a plastic material having a light weight guarantees no significant increase in mass is added to the diaphragm, and this minimized weight-addition would be beneficial to the performance of the electro-acoustic transducer. Other benefits of using plastic material include increased damping over the whole diaphragm surface thus improving its acoustic performance. Furthermore, the coating may also be applied to dust caps, domes, tweeter domes, or any components of the electro-acoustic transducer that convert mechanical movement into acoustic energy.
  • One preferred kind of the plastic material constituting the coating is vinyl. Not only does a vinyl coating achieve the desired electrical insulation and corrosion protection for the diaphragm substrate, but it also improves the manufacturability of diaphragms during the forming process by acting as a lubricant within the press tools.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The present invention can be better understood with reference to the following drawings and description. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being place upon illustrating the principles of the invention. Moreover, in the figures, like reference numerous designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
    • Fig. 1
    is a cross sectional view of a metal/alloy diaphragm according to the present invention wherein both surfaces of the substrate of the diaphragm are coated with plastic material.
    Fig. 2
    is a cross sectional view of another metal/alloy diaphragm according to the present invention wherein the front surface of the substrate of the diaphragm is coated with plastic material.
    Fig. 3
    is a cross sectional view of another metal/alloy diaphragm according to the present invention wherein the reverse surface of the substrate of the diaphragm is coated with plastic material.
    Fig. 4
    is a cross sectional view of a coated tweeter dome according to the present invention wherein both surfaces of the dome are coated with plastic material.
    Fig. 5
    is a cross sectional view of another coated tweeter dome according to the present invention wherein the front surface of the dome is coated with plastic material.
    Fig. 6
    is a cross sectional view of yet another coated tweeter dome according to the present invention wherein the reverse surface of the dome is coated with plastic material.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • The present invention is further described in detail with references to the figures illustrating examples of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view of a diaphragm according to the present invention. It should be noted that, the diaphragm is only partly and asymmetrically shown in the figure, but this does not affect the effectiveness of supporting the explanation of the present invention. In this figure, the diaphragm 1 for an electro-acoustic transducer such as a speaker comprises a substrate 10 having two surfaces 12 and 14 and a certain weight, and a coating 15 applied to both surfaces. The substrate 10 may be of a cone-shape or a dome-shape, as both are commonly used shapes for diaphragms. But any other desired shape is applicable.
  • The substrate 10 is made of a rigid material, for example, a metal or an alloy that is non-porous. The metal may be aluminium, magnesium, or any other suitable metal commonly in practice. The alloy may contain one or more of the metals aluminium, beryllium, magnesium, titanium, etc. For the sake of convenience, the two surfaces of the substrate are called a front surface and a reverse surface, numbered as 12 and 14 respectively. Coating 15 is applied on both surfaces. The coating is made of a plastic material and has a weight less than the weight of the substrate 10. This plastic material may be a vinyl material, also called polymer material. Examples of vinyl include, but are not limited to, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylacetate, vinylspacelacquer, and vinylresin. The plastic coating may be applied to the substrate, for example, by spraying, dipping, printing or brushing.
  • Theoretically, in order to limit the weight added to the diaphragm, the coating should be as thin as possible; however, it should also be thick enough so as to satisfactorily provide electrical insulation and protection from oxidisation of the surface(s). For example, the thickness of the coating may range from 0.5 g/m2 to 8 g/m2; moreover, the coating may have a thickness between 2 g/m2 to 4 g/m2, although this range can be changed to meet other specific requirements, such as requirements due to increased damping properties and the consequent acoustic performance improvements. The plastic material is light. For instance, for a certain type of plastic material, a thickness of 0.0025mm coating on each surface of the diaphragm corresponds to a weight of approximately 2 g/m2. Furthermore, the coating may have a weight less than 1/10, or even 1/100 of the weight of the substrate 10. One exemplary set of values for the substrate and the coating is that the substrate 10 is 0.1 mm thick and the plastic coating is 0.001 mm thick.
  • Because both surfaces of the substrate are covered with the coating, the diaphragm in Fig. 1 may be called a double-polymer (plastic material) coated diaphragm.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are cross sectional views of single polymer (plastic material) coated diaphragms. The diaphragm in Fig. 2 is the same as that in Fig. 1, except for that the coating is only applied to one surface, here the front surface 12, of the two surfaces of the substrate 10. Similarly, in Fig. 3, the coating is only applied to the reverse surface 14, of the two surfaces of the substrate 10. These single polymer (plastic material) coated diaphragms adds even less weight to the diaphragm.
  • Not only can the plastic material be applied to the diaphragm, but it may also be applied to other movable components of the electro-acoustic transducer, such as dust caps, domes, tweeter domes, and any components that convert mechanical movement into sound. For example, corresponding to Figs. 1 to 3 respectively, Figs. 4 to 6 illustrate a tweeter dome 4 coated with such plastic coating 45, either on one or both surfaces 42 and 44 of the substrate 40 of the tweeter dome.
  • The above described coating of the present invention provides numerous advantages. Firstly, as an alternative to anodising, the plastic coating electrically insulates and protects the coated substrate from corrosion without any significant increase in mass to the component being coated, leading to an improvement in the acoustic performance of the electro-acoustic transducer. Secondly, the use of a plastic coating also improves the manufacturability of the coated components during the forming process by acting as a lubricant within the press tools. Usually, tool ware occurs when the press tools are used over pure metal (such as aluminium) and alloys, thus lubricant, such as oil, is often required to help the metal or alloy to slide within the tool. However, conventional lubrication happens only on the tool surface and so there is a significant amount of metal- or alloy- build up on the tool surface over time. With to the present invention, however, there is plastic material, such as vinyl, within the press tools and acting as a lubricant. Thus, a much less build up of the metal or alloy would occur over the tool surface. Therefore, the present invention also has the advantage of reducing the tool ware and increases the tool life.
  • Although examples of the invention have been described here in above in detail, it is desired to emphasize that this has been done for the purpose of illustrating the invention and should not be considered as necessarily limitative of the invention, it being understood that many modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art while still practicing the invention claimed here in.

Claims (14)

  1. A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer comprising:
    a rigid substrate having two surfaces and a certain weight; wherein said substrate being made of non-porous metal or alloy; and
    a coating applied to either or both surfaces of the substrate; said coating being made of plastic material and having a weight less than the weight of the substrate.
  2. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the metal is aluminium or magnesium.
  3. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the alloy contains one or more of the metals aluminium, beryllium, magnesium, and titanium.
  4. The diaphragm of one of claims 1-3, wherein the plastic material is a vinyl material.
  5. The diaphragm of claim 4, wherein the vinyl material is polyvinylchloride.
  6. The diaphragm of claim 4, wherein the vinyl material is polyvinylacetate.
  7. The diaphragm of claim 4, wherein the vinyl material is vinyl lacquer.
  8. The diaphragm of claim 4, wherein the vinyl material is vinyl resin.
  9. The diaphragm of one of claims 1-8, having a cone-shape.
  10. The diaphragm of one of claims 1-8, having a dome-shape.
  11. The diaphragm of one of claims 1-10, wherein the coating has a thickness of 0,5 g/m2 to 8g/m2.
  12. The diaphragm of claim 11, wherein the coating has a thickness of 2g/m2 to 4g/m2.
  13. The diaphragm of one of claims 1-10, wherein the plastic material has a weight less than 1/10 of the weight of the substrate.
  14. The diaphragm of claim 13, wherein the plastic material has a weight less than 1/100 of the weight of the substrate.
EP05023678A 2005-10-28 2005-10-28 A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer Withdrawn EP1781065A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05023678A EP1781065A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2005-10-28 A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05023678A EP1781065A1 (en) 2005-10-28 2005-10-28 A diaphragm for an electro-acoustic transducer

Publications (1)

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EP1781065A1 true EP1781065A1 (en) 2007-05-02

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10034073B2 (en) 2015-08-04 2018-07-24 Apple Inc. Device having a composite acoustic membrane

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595489A (en) * 1941-07-16 1952-05-06 Brush Dev Co Insert earphone and operative subassembly therefor
US3093207A (en) * 1960-10-04 1963-06-11 R T Bozak Mfg Company Metallic diaphragm for electrodynamic loudspeakers
US3508626A (en) * 1967-12-22 1970-04-28 Franklin Robbins Acoustic diaphragm
JPS5765997A (en) * 1980-10-09 1982-04-21 Onkyo Corp Diaphragm for speaker

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595489A (en) * 1941-07-16 1952-05-06 Brush Dev Co Insert earphone and operative subassembly therefor
US3093207A (en) * 1960-10-04 1963-06-11 R T Bozak Mfg Company Metallic diaphragm for electrodynamic loudspeakers
US3508626A (en) * 1967-12-22 1970-04-28 Franklin Robbins Acoustic diaphragm
JPS5765997A (en) * 1980-10-09 1982-04-21 Onkyo Corp Diaphragm for speaker

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 144 (E - 122) 3 August 1982 (1982-08-03) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10034073B2 (en) 2015-08-04 2018-07-24 Apple Inc. Device having a composite acoustic membrane

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