EP1774118B1

EP1774118B1 - Sealing collar

Info

Publication number: EP1774118B1
Application number: EP05753530.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian Lundsgaard
Original assignee: VKR Holding AS
Current assignee: VKR Holding AS
Priority date: 2004-06-30
Filing date: 2005-06-28
Publication date: 2016-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 2025-06-28
Also published as: WO2006002629A8; WO2006002629A1; EP1774118A1; PL1774118T3

Description

The present invention relates to a sealing collar for joining an underroof to a roof-penetrating construction, in particular a skylight, said sealing collar being made of a flexible and weatherproof web or sheet material formed to constitute a collar with an inner flange portion adapted for engagement with the roof-penetrating construction, and an outer skirt portion adapted for engagement with the underroof, said sealing collar being of substantially rectangular shape having opposing top- and bottom members and opposing side members.
Buildings are commonly provided with a roof with an outer roofing material and a subjacent weatherproof underroof, such as a concrete slab or a foil of flexible material. Roof-penetrating constructions, such as skylights, chimneys etc. pose potential problems with leakage between the construction and the underroof. Originally an artisan performed an in-situ construction of a flashing in lead, zinc or like materials, or roofing felt. However this is very labour intensive and there is a relatively high risk of leakage, and additionally the use of roofing felt involves an increased risk of fire.
Collars for roof-penetrating constructions are in recent years becoming increasingly popular, as such ready-made collars may facilitate flashing of roof-penetrating constructions.
DE 100 57 774 A1 disloses a collar supplied in roll form and having pleatings of dovetail type acting as a stretch reserve. The pleatings are exploited as a stretch reserve at corners of the roof-penetrating construction.
DE 36 03 303 A1 relates to a collar for a roof-penetrating construction. The size of the collar can be adjusted somewhat by folding of portions of the collar.
The object of the invention is to provide a widely useable sealing collar, which is easy to install and provides a leak-proof sealing.
To achieve this object the sealing collar is made of a flexible and weatherproof web or sheet material formed to constitute a collar with an inner flange portion adapted for engagement with the roof-penetrating construction, and an outer skirt portion adapted for engagement with the underroof, said sealing collar being of substantially rectangular shape having opposing top- and bottom members and opposing side members.
A further object of the invention is to provide a sealing collar useable on different sizes of roof-penetrating construction.
To achieve this further object, the sealing collar as outlined above is characterized in that both pairs of said opposing members are adapted for controlled variation of the length thereof between a first predetermined length of a standard skylight frame part and a second predetermined length, whereby the sealing collar may easily be fitted on any of two different sizes of roof-penetrating construction.
To facilitate easy and safe variation of the length of the members, the opposing members may be adapted for controlled variation of the length thereof by being provided with fold markings. Alternatively or supplementary, the members may be provided with lines of weakening to facilitate folding at the correct position.
According to the invention, the opposing members referred to are prefabricated with an adhesive or sealant adapted to hold a folded-over portion of said opposing members, whereby sealing of the folds are guaranteed, and the need for the fitter to seal the folds after installation of the sealing collar is avoided.
The inner flange portion of the sealing collar may advantageously be provided with a circumferential ribbon, to thereby hold the inner flange portion to fit a given size of roof-penetrating construction.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of sealing a junction between an underroof and a roof-penetrating construction, comprising the steps of providing a sealing collar, attaching the sealing collar to the roof-penetrating construction, characterized in the further step of applying an adhesive to the contact face between the underroof and the skirt portion of the sealing collar, to securely seal the junction between the underroof and the skirt portion to avoid any risk of leakage. The adhesive may be any conventional adhesive in this industry, such as a PU-based sealant or adhesive.
According to the invention, the method further comprises the intermediate step of adapting the length of opposing top- and bottom members and opposing side members to a first length or second length. Hereby a very cost-effective method is provided, whereby one collar may be easily converted to fit a roof-penetrating construction of a first or a second size, with a minimum of trouble to the fitter.
To be absolutely positive that the junction between the sealing collar and the underroof is leak-proof, the method may comprise the further step of applying a top-sealant on top of the skirt portion of the sealing collar after placing said skirt portion on the underroof.
Most common adhesives and sealants may be used, such as a bituminous product, according to an embodiment, however, the material used is a PU-based adhesive, which provides a very strong bond and further is very resistant to deterioration.
Advantageously the adhesive used is a PU-based two-component adhesive, so the adhesive will only be active when the two components are mixed, which is convenient.
Separate materials may be used for adhesive and top-sealant. However to reduce the number of different articles used, the adhesive may also be used as top-sealant.
In the following the invention will be described in more detail by way of example and with reference to the somewhat schematic drawings on which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a sealing collar,
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of another sealing collar,
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a sealing collar according to the invention,
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a part of a roof with a skylight,
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a side part of the skylight in the mounted state and fitted with the sealing collar,
Fig. 6a is an enlarged partial view of the sealing collar showing a member of the sealing collar in a folded position,
Fig. 6b is an enlarged partial view of the sealing collar showing a member of the sealing collar in a unfolded position, and
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing collar fitted to an isolating frame on a roof.

A sealing collar is denoted 1 and can be seen in Fig. 1. The sealing collar 1 is made of a flexible, weatherproof material and comprises an inner flange portion 2, which may be attached to a roof-penetrating construction, such as a frame of a skylight. The sealing collar 1 is of substantially rectangular shape and comprises opposing top and bottom members 4, 5 and opposing side members 6, 7. The sealing collar 1 further comprises an outer skirt portion 3, which may be arranged on an underroof of a building. The sealing collar 1 is made up of a number of separate pieces welded together, or connected in other suitable ways. By making up the sealing collar of separate elements, the amount of scrap material is reduced, as a given amount of web material can be utilized to a maximum.
Another collar 1 is seen in Fig. 2. The sealing collar 1 is a unitary web material arranged with an opening 21 at a central portion thereof and an inner flange portion 2, surrounding said flange portion 2. The sealing collar is made of a thermoformable web material, and the inner flange portion 2 can thus be made by thermoforming the web material to provide the inner flange portion 2. That means that the sealing collar can be produced without joints, so the risk of leakage is reduced, and further the number of processing steps during manufacture of the collar is reduced.
Fig. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention, in which the collar is adapted for use on roof-penetrating elements of different sizes. The shown embodiment comprises folded-over portions 10 at the top and bottom members 4, 5, so the top and bottom members 4, 5 have a length of L1. Supplementary the side members 6, 7 are provided with similar folded-over portions (not shown) to provide a sealing collar useable with roof-penetrating constructions of two different lengths. To hold the folded-over portions in place, the sealing collar may be provided with a circumferential ribbon 11. If it is needed to fold out the folded-over portions 10, to thereby increase the length of a member 4, 5, 6, 7 of the sealing collar, the ribbon 11 may be removed, e.g. by tearing or simply by sliding the ribbon off the sealing collar. The ribbon 11 may be kept in position by an adhesive or a few stitches.
The underroof may e.g. be a foil or web of waterproof material, or the underroof may be a concrete slab 12 as shown in Fig. 4 and 5. An opening 14 in the underroof is provided for a skylight 15 having a frame 16 in which a windowpane 17 is arranged. The frame of the skylight may be attached to the underroof by any suitable means, such as brackets 18. In constructions with an underroof being a concrete slab 12, the concrete slab 12 may as shown be provided with an outer weatherproof layer 13, such as roof felt or a coating of PU or the like. A gap 19 between the underroof and the frame 16 of the skylight 15 must be properly sealed off. As can be seen in Fig. 5, the sealing collar is arranged on the junction between underroof and window frame 16 to seal the gap 19. The flange portion 2 of the sealing collar 1 is attached to the frame 16, such as by staples or adhesive, by a suitable clamping means arranged on the frame 16, or by a press-fit of the collar on the frame, e.g. if a somewhat elastic circumferential ribbon 11 is arranged on the flange portion 2. The skirt portion 3 of the collar is arranged on the underroof, and a sealant or glue 20 is applied at the contact face between the underroof and the skirt portion 3. The glue may for example be a pressure adhesive or a PU-based glue. To ensure an absolutely leak-proof sealing, a top-sealant 23 may as shown be applied to the upper side of the skirt portion 3, such as a liquid foil coating, covering the interface joint between underroof and skirt portion. To further enhance the sealing quality, a strip of foil may be glued on top of the interface. A PU-based two-component sealant was tested and showed good results, both as adhesive and top-sealant, in that a very strong and leak-proof bond was achieved between the roof felt and a foil of a flexible skirt material. In fact the adhesion to the roof felt was stronger than the adhesion between the layers of the skirt material.
The sealing collar may be manufactured from SBS (Styrene Butadiene Styrene block Polymer). When the underroof is a concrete slab, the following apply:

Preconditions before the gluing:

The concrete surface should be dry, clean, smooth and primed. This will give a very good gluing result if all above 4 items are fulfilled.

Composition of the adhesive:

1) SBS is a material which can be heated to certain degrees, so the surface will melt and it can stick onto concrete surface without any adhesive, that it also the reason why the concrete should be primed.
2) In some situations, due to the cold temperature or windy condition on the roof, so it is not convenient or safe to heat it up by flame, a chemical adhesive is allowed to be used. The correct adhesive in this case is acrylic adhesive, such as LORD 200 series.

A tested adhesive is a PU-adhesive KS-930, which is described further in the following:

Technical Data

• The product is manufactured and tested under ASTM Test Standards, and all the characteristic specification surpasses the international standard GB/T19250-2003 . And execute the enterprise standard Q/SDKS 023-2003.

GB/T19250-2003					Q/SDKS023-2003
Pos.	Item		I	II	KS-930
1	Tensile strength, Mpa≥		1.9	2.45	2.5
2	Elongation:% ≥		550	450	550
3	Adhesive Peel Strength, N/mm≥		12	14	15
4	Low Temp. Flexibility °C≤		-40		-40
5	Solids Content, %≥		80		92
6	Surface dry time, h ≤		12		4
7	Body dry time, h ≤		24		15
8	Bond strength to damp substrate, ^a) Mpa ≥		0.5		0.8
9	Climate Cell aging ^b)	tensile strength conservation rate %	80-150		80-150
		Percent Elongation at break: %≥	500	400	500
		Bending property In lowest temp. °C≤	-35		-35
10	Dissociation TRI % ≤				0.5%

Product feature:

Solidifying type product, water can be mixed as curing agent when application.
100% environmentally friendly, non-solvent content, nontoxic and odorless, applicable for drinking water system.
Excellent adhesion, especially for damp substrate, because water is curing agent.
100% Solids Content, resulting in a high dry film thickness per coat, normal coverage of 1mm thick film is approximately 1kg per sq. meter.
Convenient to apply, the coat is self-leveling and any desired dry film thickness can be once obtained. The dry film is physically extremely strong and uniform resulting super-waterproofing. The coat will not peel off or split even if the substrate experiences big deformation such as expansion or contraction, therefore KS-930 is a prior choice when applied on complex substrate.
Excellent abrasion resistance and high elasticity, durable, wide temperature service range from minus 40 degree C to 95 degree C. Chemical aging and dire resistance.

Application Directions:

The substrate surface must be thoroughly clean, dry and free from any contaminants or cleaning residue, oil stain or ponding water. Repair the crack if there is, structure edge angle has to be made round. The moisture content in the concrete should be less that 9% in newly finished substrates; as to old substrates apply prime for better performance.
Remove the rust on the metal surface, apply the primer and then apply KS-930.
Stir well and make sure that the coat is even and uniform and no sediment is in the bottom, them mix the coat well with water in the proportion of 5:1.

The coating has to be applied over zero degrees centigrade. Some catalyst can be added if you use the coating in temperature lower than zero degree C or if you need faster curing, please contact us for details.
The mixed coat is better used within 30 minutes.

In Fig. 6a is shown an enlarged view of a member of the sealing collar according to the invention. The member is provided with a folded-over portion 10 to provide a member having a length of L1. This length L1 is carefully predetermined to fit a length of a standard skylight frame part. The member is provided with an amount of adhesive or sealant 9 to hold the folded-over portion 10 in the folded position. The sealing collar is prefabricated with the adhesive or sealant 9, in which case the sealing collar are supplied with folded-over portions 10. If the sealing collar is to be fitted on a window frame having members of a length greater than L1, the fitter may unfold the folded-over portion 10 to provide a length of L2 as illustrated in Fig. 6b. The sealing collar may be provided with markings 8 indicating the fold line, to facilitate folding by the fitter.
In Fig. 7 the sealing collar is attached to an insulating frame 22, to which a roof window may be fitted (not shown). The flange portion 2 of the sealing collar 1 is attached to the insulating frame 22, such as by staples or adhesive, by a suitable clamping means arranged on the insulating frame 22, or by a press-fit of the collar on the frame, e.g. if a somewhat elastic circumferential ribbon 11 is arranged on the flange portion 2. Alternatively, the flange portion 2 of the sealing collar may be attached to the flashing. The skirt portion 3 of the sealing collar 1 could be fixed (also by using the same adhesive) to the underroof construction, which could an under roof of the same material, a SBS underroof, or it could be a so called "auf dem sparren dämmung" (normally a 10-15 cm thick insulating roof deck made of polystyrene or similar material).
The skilled person will recognise that the present invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above. For example the sealing collar is useable not only with skylights, but also with other kinds of roof-penetrating constructions, such as chimneys, ventilation ducts, mountings for air-conditioning equipment, antennas etc.
Skylights are delivered in standard sizes in steps of approximately 20 cm in height and width. At present a specific sealing collar made-to-measure is provided for each size of skylight. However the cost and administration associated with the relatively large number of sealing collars is a drawback. With the sealing collar according to the invention, the sealing collar may be made to suit two or four sizes of skylights, in that the height and/or width of the sealing collar may be easily varied between the first length L1 and the second length L2. This greatly reduces the necessary stock of different sealing collars, whereas installation is practically as easy as with a sealing collar tailor made to one specific skylight.
The invention is not limited by the above examples, e.g. it will be appreciated by the skilled person that instead of a unitary collar, the collar may be provided as a number of separate portions, which are connected in situ during installation.

Claims

A sealing collar (1) for joining an underroof to a roof-penetrating construction, in particular a skylight, said sealing collar (1) being made of a flexible and weatherproof web or sheet material formed to constitute a collar with an inner flange portion (2) adapted for engagement with the roof-penetrating construction, and an outer skirt portion (3) adapted for engagement with the underroof, said sealing collar (1) being of substantially rectangular shape having opposing top and bottom members (4, 5) and opposing side members (6, 7), characterized in that both said pairs of opposing members (4, 5; 6, 7) are adapted for controlled variation of the length thereof between a first predetermined length (L1) of a standard skylight frame part and a second predetermined length (L2) to provide a sealing collar (1) useable with roof-penetrating constructions of two different lengths (L1, L2), wherein the opposing members (4, 5; 6, 7) referred to are prefabricated with an adhesive or sealant (9) adapted to hold a folded-over portion (10) of said opposing members (4, 5; 6, 7) in the folded position.
A sealing collar according to claim 1, wherein those opposing members (4, 5; 6, 7) adapted for controlled variation of the length thereof are provided with fold markings (8).
A sealing collar according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the inner flange portion (2) is provided with a circumferential ribbon (11).
A method of sealing a junction between an underroof and a roof-penetrating construction , comprising the steps of:
providing a sealing collar (1) according to any of the preceding claims attaching the sealing collar (1) to the roof-penetrating construction,

characterized in that the method comprises the intermediate step of adapting the length of opposing top- and bottom members and opposing side members to a first length (L1) of a standard skylight frame part or a second length (L2), and the further step of applying an adhesive to the contact face between the underroof and a skirt portion (3) of the sealing collar (1).
A method according to claim 4, comprising the further step of applying a top-sealant (23) on top of the skirt portion (3) of the sealing collar (1) and the interface of skirt portion and underroof after placing said skirt portion (3) on the underroof.
A method according to claim 4, or 5, wherein the adhesive used is PU-based.
A method according to claim 6, wherein the adhesive used is a PU-based two-component adhesive.
A method according to claims 4-7, wherein the adhesive is also used as top-sealant.