EP1772378B1 - Method and packaging machine for covering, with folded cover sheet, metered amounts of material fed in pasty form - Google Patents
Method and packaging machine for covering, with folded cover sheet, metered amounts of material fed in pasty form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1772378B1 EP1772378B1 EP06076833A EP06076833A EP1772378B1 EP 1772378 B1 EP1772378 B1 EP 1772378B1 EP 06076833 A EP06076833 A EP 06076833A EP 06076833 A EP06076833 A EP 06076833A EP 1772378 B1 EP1772378 B1 EP 1772378B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- central member
- rotation
- head
- partially folded
- wrapper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
- B65B25/06—Packaging slices or specially-shaped pieces of meat, cheese, or other plastic or tacky products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
- B65B11/06—Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths
- B65B11/28—Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a curved path, e.g. on rotary tables or turrets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B3/00—Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
- B65B3/26—Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled
- B65B3/30—Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled by volumetric measurement
- B65B3/32—Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled by volumetric measurement by pistons co-operating with measuring chambers
- B65B3/323—Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled by volumetric measurement by pistons co-operating with measuring chambers with measuring chambers travelling in an endless path
Definitions
- the present finding regards a method and packaging machine for covering metered amounts of material fed in pasty form with a cover sheet which is folded.
- the invention is for packaging metered amounts of material of relatively small mass (in particular from 7-25 grams); nevertheless, the invention lends itself to also packaging amounts of greater mass, in practice up to 1 kg.
- Typical applications are for packaging metered amounts of food material which is normally in pasty state: butter, margarine, soft cheese, broth cubes etc.
- Other applications are for other materials which can be fed into the machine in a more o or less viscous pasty state, such as soap.
- the covering employed is in relatively thin or in any case folded sheets, typically tinfoil or parchment paper; other materials can also be used, for example simple paper or plastic film.
- a known machine for wrapping in paper, in prismatic form, pasty material objects is illustrated in Italian patent No. 1104534 on behalf of the same present inventor. This regards a machine rotating at uniform speed which draws a single sheet at a time from a continuous belt, making a partially folded wrapper by means of first folders, and transferring said wrapper within a peripheral housing unit, to fill it with the foreseen metered material, and finally to complete the folding of the cover sheet around the metered amount.
- Said machine is advantageously characterised for the fact that its main members are moved with uniform, adjustable speed, with consequent high operating speed, without considerable vibrations, with lower structural stress and consequently lower wear of the members and greater duration and overall reliability of the machine.
- This machine comprises a stationary feeding tube for pasty materials, around which a portioning head is rotated.
- the portioning head comprises a plurality of angularly spaced portioning cylinders adapted to receive the pasty material from the feeding tube, and provided with respective pistons for metering said pasty material into vertically filling tubes, which are distributed with their longitudinal axes placed parallel to the rotation axis of the portioning head.
- the machine also comprises a forming table provided with a plurality of forming cavity each aligned with a respective of said filling tubes; and a receiving table between said forming table and said portioning head, provided with a plurality of passages each aligned with a correspondent cavity of the forming table.
- the forming table and the receiving table are rotatable with said portioning head about the vertical axis of the feeding tube.
- the filling tubes are raised and lowered with respect to the portioning head by a stationary cam, and their lower ends are provided with a respective sleeve, adapted to penetrate the correspondent passage of the receiving table and cavity of the forming table.
- a sheet of wrapping material can be applied to said receiving table over a respective passage therein, so that the downwardly movement of the correspondent sleeve force said sheet throw the passage, forming a cup which it carries into the cavity of the forming table in which a portion of pasty material is deposited.
- a drawback is in that the rotating head is subjected to undesired vibration and structural stresses caused by the reciprocating movements of the sleeves which cause inertial forces acting in directions parallel to the rotation axis. Furthermore the centrifugal forces cause by rotation of the central head push the material toward the outwardly lateral wall of heads 10 and bodies 40 so placing the material toward an incorrect geometrical shape.
- One object of the present invention is to improve the operating efficiency and the other advantageous characteristics of the known machine, in particular increasing its operating speed.
- Another object of the invention is to make a machine capable of effectively producing packages with wrappers of various material, also material which does not spontaneously keep the folding, for example parchment paper, or plastic; this is not practically realisable with the abovementioned known machine.
- the machine according to the invention comprises:
- the machine operates according to the following steps:
- the machine possesses a central rotating member 10 which, according to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, is borne by a large main shaft 11 having a horizontal axis A, rotatably supported by a large support 131, in turn borne by a support structure 13, and driven into rotation by a motor 12.
- the shaft 11 projects forward from the large support 131 and bears the central member 10 on its front end.
- the member 10 bears, on its periphery, a plurality of shaped heads 20 distributed along a circumference centred on the rotation axis A of the central organ 10.
- said shaped heads 20 are placed at equal angular distances from each other, and their own longitudinal axes B lie on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis A of the central organ and in particular intersect said axis A.
- Each shaped head 20 has an outer shape corresponding to the shape of a partially folded cover wrapper (i.e. a cover sheet on which a first series of folds has been carried out, up to forming an open recess on one side).
- a partially folded cover wrapper i.e. a cover sheet on which a first series of folds has been carried out, up to forming an open recess on one side.
- the form of the head 20 is also a parallelepiped, as is the form of the partially folded wrapper (indicated with Rp and illustrated in figure 5b ), however this is open on one side and has longer side faces which define a so-called "skirt" 9, i.e. a perimeter band which extends beyond the volume (indicated with V in Fig. 5B ) which is filled with the metered amount.
- skirt i.e. a perimeter band which extends beyond the volume (indicated with V in Fig. 5B ) which is filled with the metered amount.
- the head 20 has an end portion in parallelepiped form, on which the partially folded wrapper Rp is wrapped and formed, having an end wall 22, perpendicular to the axis B, two front 207 and back 208 frontal walls, placed on planes perpendicular to the rotation axis A and two lateral walls 201 and 202 perpendicular to the other walls 22, 207 and 208.
- the machine moreover comprises a plurality of hollow bodies 40 integrally movable in rotation with the central member 10, in an equal number as well opposite and coaxial with the shaped heads 20, provided with relative motion of approaching and moving away from the respective heads 20, in the direction of the heads' longitudinal axis B.
- eight shaped heads 20 are foreseen (but this number can be different), distributed with equal angles along the plane perpendicular to the axis A and an equal number of hollow bodies 40 brought by the same number of arms 14 projecting both radially and axially ahead, integral with the main shaft 11.
- means are foreseen for metering the material to be inserted and for inserting the amount within said partially folded wrapper Rp, operating through said shaped heads 20 along a first part of the rotation course of each head 20.
- These metering means comprise a plurality of cylindrical compression chambers 21, made within the central member, coaxial with the shaped heads 20 and communicating with these; the shaped heads 20 are hollow and open towards the respective chambers 21 and have an end wall 22, perpendicular to the axis B, provided with a series of exit through holes 22a.
- thrust means are placed inside the chambers 21, consisting of pistons 23 sliding for the length of the chambers 21, adapted to push the material placed in the chamber itself outside the head 20 through said exit holes 22a.
- a respective movable piston 23 is placed with alternating course along the axis B of the chamber 21 itself; the piston 23 is driven by means of a fixed cam 24 coaxial with the axis A, adapted to sequentially drive all of the pistons 23 in a manner correlated to their angular position, in the general rotation plane of the central member 10.
- the cam 24 is formed by an eccentric cylinder, whose side surface comes into contact with an idle roller 26a borne by an inner end appendage of each connecting rod-member 26 which drives a respective piston 23.
- the cam A is fixed to the end of a stem 17, coaxial with A, borne by a front support 13a fixed to the structure 13, which is vertically elevated from below before the central member 10.
- Said means comprises a body 25, having a conical surface 25a, coaxial with A, adapted for abutting with an inner end appendage 26b of each connecting rod 26.
- the body 25 is borne at the end of a shaft 15 placed within an axial cavity made in the main rotating shaft 11.
- the axial position of the body 25 is adjustable (rotating the inner shaft 15 with respect to the main shaft 11) so to vary the position of the bottom dead centre of the pistons 23.
- a valve 30 is placed, adapted to intercept the passage of the material coming from the compression chamber 21 and directed toward the cavity 20a of the hollow body 20.
- said valve 30 comprises a cylindrical body 31 inserted perfectly in a cylindrical seat 32, with axis parallel to the axis A, made in the base 20b of each head 20 having a longitudinal through slit 33 for the passage of the material.
- Rotating the body 31 90 degrees in one direction or the other respectively opens or closes the communication between the two chambers 21 and 20a; this rotation is for example produced by foreseeing an idle roller 34, applied to the body 31 in an eccentric manner with respect to its axis and driven by a fixed cam 35 centred on the axis A.
- the material to be packaged is fed to the central member 10, in fluid state and with a sufficient pressure.
- the material arrives at a fixed distributor member 27 having the form of a plate provided with a flat surface placed adhering and with sliding seal on an external radial surface 10a (perpendicular to the axis A), made on the rotating member 10.
- the material is fed to an inlet 27a and from here runs along a distribution channel 27b which extends along an arc centred on the axis A for a specific angle.
- the channel 27b is made in a cavity in the thickness of the plate 27 and is closed by the radial surface 10a adhering and sliding against the plate 27.
- Each compression chamber 21 has an inlet through hole 21a, adapted to slide along the channel 27b, placed in the zone of the chamber 21, which is axially external with respect to the position of the piston 23. Sliding along the channel 27b (in the first part of the rotation tract indicated with T1 in Fig. 6 ), the chamber 21 receives from this the material under pressure, which fills the chamber itself and pushes the piston 23 towards the bottom dead centre. In the rotation tract (indicated with T2 in Fig. 6 ) wherein the piston is subsequently pushed by the cam 24 towards the top dead centre, the same piston pushes the material through the cavity 20a of the shaped head 20 and outside the head 20 through the exit holes 22a.
- the shaped heads 20 comprise suction surfaces connected to suction channels, in turn connected with air suction sources, adapted to attract the foldable cover sheet, still in belt form N and then in sheet form F separated from the belt ( Fig. 6 ).
- said suction surfaces are defined by the side walls 201 and 202 of the head 20, respectively front and rear with respect to the running direction; each of such walls is provided with different thin through holes and is associated with an inner air space 203 made inside the head 20 and isolated with respect to the cavity 20a which is in central position.
- the two air spaces 203 are in communication, by means of channels 204, with two respective distribution channels 28a and 28b, which extend along an arc centred on the axis A for a specific angle ( Fig. 7 ).
- the channels 28a and 28b are both made in a second distributor member 28, which is fixed, having annular plate form provided with a flat surface placed adhering and with sliding seal on an external radial surface 10b perpendicular to the axis A, made on the rotating member 10, placed on the opposite side with respect to the surface 10a.
- the channels 28a and 28b are made in a cavity in the thickness of the plate 28 and are closed by the radial surface 10b adhering and sliding against the plate 28.
- Each channelling 204 communicates, by means of a respective through hole 205, with a respective channel 28a, 28b.
- the channels 28a and 28b are in turn connected with respective suction members, which place in them in reduced pressure.
- the channels 28a and 28b are made in several segments isolated from each other, each connected to an independent suction member (see Fig. 7 ).
- a large, flat and circular support 16 is placed, fixed to the structure 13, centred on the axis A, in the form of a large disc placed on a plane perpendicular to the axis A.
- the support 16 bears a plurality of first folding means placed in the positions P2 - P5 (illustrated only schematically in figures 1 - 6 ) of per sé known type, distributed along the course of the shaped heads 20, adapted to fold the cover sheet F dragged by the shaped head 20, in combination with the movement of the head itself, operating in a first part T1 of the rotation course of the head.
- the main shaft 11 and with it the central member 10 and the hollow bodies 40 rotate with uniform speed (in counter-clockwise direction in the front views) .
- the first part of the machine operation occurs in the following manner.
- the head 20 separates by tearing a belt N segment which has been pre-cut (by means of known type, not illustrated in the figures), the segment defining a sheet F of cover material.
- the head 20 drags with it the sheet F adhering to the wall 201, which in the subsequent position P2 undergoes (by known means and illustrated only schematically in the figures) the folding of its rear border, which is brought to adhere also to the end wall 22 and to the rear side wall 202.
- the head 20 passes through three further positions, P3, P4 and P5, placed in succession near each other, where the cover sheet is first centrally and laterally folded on the two frontal walls 207 and 208, such to adhere also to these two walls: the result is that said partially folded wrapper Rp is obtained wrapped around the head 20 (illustrated in Fig. 5B ), which has the form of a parallelepiped wrapper open on one face.
- a metered amount is inserted within the partially folded wrapper Rp, this being placed within the cavity 43 of a corresponding hollow body 40.
- each hollow body 40 is borne by a guide means 41, fixed to the free end of a respective arm 14, which defines a radial track parallel to the longitudinal axis B of a respective head 20.
- the hollow body 40 is fixed to a sliding block 41a bound to a respective guide means 41 with the possibility of moving along the track and is arranged with its own longitudinal axis coinciding with the axis B of the respective head 20.
- the position of the hollow body 40 along the track of the means 41 is determined by a fixed cam 42 borne by the support structure 13, which runs along the annular zone defined by the course of the guides 41 and surrounds the central member for an angle of 360 degrees, along which the cam engages idle roller 42a borne by each sliding block 41a.
- Each hollow body 40 possesses a cavity 43, open on the side turned towards the respective head 20, shaped like the shaped head 20, adapted to perfectly receive the partially folded wrapper Rp and the end of the same head 20 and a metered amount of material inside the wrapper Rp.
- the cavity 43 is defined by side walls 44 parallel to the axis B, which defines a prismatic corridor within which a movable bottom plate 46 slides in the B direction, perpendicular to the axis B, which defines the transverse surface inside the cavity itself, adapted to adhere to the end wall 22 of the head 20.
- the bottom plate 46 is fixed to the inner end of a stem 47, coaxial with the axis B and sliding in the direction of its own axis.
- the outer end of the stem 47 bears an idle roller 48a which is engaged with a fixed cam 48.
- the cam 48 also slides along the annular zone defined by the course of the guides 41 and surrounds the central member 10 for a 360 degrees angle, along which the cam engages the idle rollers 48a of the various hollow bodies 40, in a manner correlated to the angular position of these in the general rotation plane of the central member.
- Said plate 46 is movable along the cavity 43 of the hollow body in the longitudinal direction, between a position wherein the partially folded wrapper Rp and the metered amount are completely contained within the cavity 43 and a position such to eject both of them from the cavity itself.
- the plate 46 is perforated with thin holes and is in contact with a rear chamber 49 connected with air suction sources; therefore, the surface of the plate defines a suction surface adapted to attract the partially folded wrapper Rp to it.
- the material to be packaged (after the valve 30 was brought into "open” position) is inserted in metered manner through the perforated wall 22, within the partial wrapper Rp placed within the cavity 43; this occurs due to the movement of the piston 23 towards the top dead centre, produced by the cam 24; at the same time as the injection of the metered amount, the hollow body 40 and integrally with it the plate 46 are moved away (in the direction of the axis B) from the head 20 such that, while the metered material enters in the partial wrapper Rp, this is kept adherent against the plate 46, in addition to against the side walls 44.
- the preset quantity of material is found inside the partial wrapper Rp, which in turn is found inside the cavity 43. Only the side walls of the partial wrapper Rp still adhering to the side and frontal faces of the head 20 (which define said skirt 9) remain outside the cavity 43. Moreover, at the end of the injection of the metered amount, the valve 30 is brought into closed position.
- second folding means are foreseen adapted to fold the partially folded covering sheets in combination with the hollow bodies 40, in order to complete the folding of the metered amount covering.
- Said second folding means are placed in positions P6 - P8 (illustrated only schematically in figures 1 and 6 ) of per sé known type, which are borne by the support 16, distributed along a second part of the rotation course of the hollow bodies 40, and are adapted to fold the remaining part of the partial wrapper Rp dragged by the hollow body 40, in combination with its movement.
- the partial wrapper Rp undergoes the central fold of the skirt 9 and subsequently, in the position P7, undergoes the first side folding, and finally, in the position P8 it undergoes the final folding which determines the complete closure of the covering and the definition of the finished package (indicated with D in the figures).
- the finished package D is brought by the respective hollow body 40 onto a fixed upper slide track 60 placed above the zone where the first folder means are placed; when it reaches this point, the suction action of the plate 46 ceases and the package D, by means of relative movement between the plate 46 and the hollow body 40, is ejected from the hollow body 40 and released onto the track 60, along which it is pushed to the clearing point.
- each head 20 together with the related hollow body 40 produces the packaging of a metered amount of material in the course of a complete rotation turn.
- the first tract T1 of the course (slightly less than 180 degrees long)
- the folding of the sheet F until the partial wrapper Rp is formed, and the insertion of the wrapper in the hollow body 40.
- the first part of this same tract sliding the compression chamber 21 along the channel 27b, material is introduced in the fluid state within the chamber itself, which causes the piston 23 to move back to the bottom dead centre.
- the partial wrapper Rp filled with a metered amount of material, remains partially inside the cavity 43 and undergoes the completion of the folding while it is brought around by the hollow body 40. In this step, the shaped head 20 is ineffective.
- the hollow body 40 brings the finished package D above the downloading slide 60 and releases it thereon.
- the entire machine functions with uniform rotation and relatively gentle radial movements. There is thus the possibility to operate with high speed, lack of considerable vibrations, lower structural stress and consequently lower wear to the members, greater duration and general reliability of the machine.
- An experimental prototype of the machine was capable of operating at the pace of about 600 packages per minute, with packages of about 15 grams.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present finding regards a method and packaging machine for covering metered amounts of material fed in pasty form with a cover sheet which is folded.
- Typically, the invention is for packaging metered amounts of material of relatively small mass (in particular from 7-25 grams); nevertheless, the invention lends itself to also packaging amounts of greater mass, in practice up to 1 kg.
- Typical applications are for packaging metered amounts of food material which is normally in pasty state: butter, margarine, soft cheese, broth cubes etc. Other applications are for other materials which can be fed into the machine in a more o or less viscous pasty state, such as soap.
- The covering employed is in relatively thin or in any case folded sheets, typically tinfoil or parchment paper; other materials can also be used, for example simple paper or plastic film.
- A known machine for wrapping in paper, in prismatic form, pasty material objects is illustrated in Italian patent No.
1104534 - Said machine is advantageously characterised for the fact that its main members are moved with uniform, adjustable speed, with consequent high operating speed, without considerable vibrations, with lower structural stress and consequently lower wear of the members and greater duration and overall reliability of the machine.
- Another known machine for wrapping in paper pasty material objects is illustrated in
US patent No. 4,445,311 . - This machine comprises a stationary feeding tube for pasty materials, around which a portioning head is rotated. The portioning head comprises a plurality of angularly spaced portioning cylinders adapted to receive the pasty material from the feeding tube, and provided with respective pistons for metering said pasty material into vertically filling tubes, which are distributed with their longitudinal axes placed parallel to the rotation axis of the portioning head.
- The machine also comprises a forming table provided with a plurality of forming cavity each aligned with a respective of said filling tubes; and a receiving table between said forming table and said portioning head, provided with a plurality of passages each aligned with a correspondent cavity of the forming table. The forming table and the receiving table are rotatable with said portioning head about the vertical axis of the feeding tube.
- The filling tubes are raised and lowered with respect to the portioning head by a stationary cam, and their lower ends are provided with a respective sleeve, adapted to penetrate the correspondent passage of the receiving table and cavity of the forming table.
- A sheet of wrapping material can be applied to said receiving table over a respective passage therein, so that the downwardly movement of the correspondent sleeve force said sheet throw the passage, forming a cup which it carries into the cavity of the forming table in which a portion of pasty material is deposited. A drawback is in that the rotating head is subjected to undesired vibration and structural stresses caused by the reciprocating movements of the sleeves which cause inertial forces acting in directions parallel to the rotation axis. Furthermore the centrifugal forces cause by rotation of the central head push the material toward the outwardly lateral wall of
heads 10 andbodies 40 so placing the material toward an incorrect geometrical shape. - One object of the present invention is to improve the operating efficiency and the other advantageous characteristics of the known machine, in particular increasing its operating speed.
- Another object of the invention is to make a machine capable of effectively producing packages with wrappers of various material, also material which does not spontaneously keep the folding, for example parchment paper, or plastic; this is not practically realisable with the abovementioned known machine.
- Said and other objects are achieved by the finding in question as is characterised in the claims.
- The machine according to the invention comprises:
- a rotating central member which brings into rotation a plurality of shaped heads each shaped head having an external shape corresponding with the shape of a partially folded cover wrapper; means, applied in the central member, for metering the material and for inserting the metered amount within said partially folded wrapper, operating through said shaped heads along the rotation course of each head, first folding means adapted to fold the cover sheets in combination with the movement of the shaped heads, to give shape to the partially folded wrapper, operating in a first part of the rotation course of the central member, a plurality of hollow bodies, integrally movable in rotation with the central member, in equal number to the shaped heads, equipped with relative motion of approaching and moving away from the respective heads in the direction of the heads' longitudinal axis,
- each hollow body having a cavity open towards a respective head, adapted to receive the partially folded wrapper and a metered amount of material at its own interior;
- second folding means adapted to fold the cover sheets in combination with the hollow bodies, in order to complete the folding of the metered amount cover, operating in a second part of the rotation course; wherein
- said shaped heads are distributed on a circumference centred on the rotation axis of the central member, and have their longitudinal axes placed on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the central member itself, and the hollow bodies are distributed externally, oppositely and coaxially with the shaped heads.
- In operation, the machine operates according to the following steps:
- wrapping each cover sheet around a shaped head following the rotation of the central member, until said partially folded wrapper is made;
- inserting a metered amount within the partially folded wrapper, this being placed within the cavity of a corresponding hollow body;
- completing the folding of the amount covering, following the rotation of the central body in a second part of the rotation course.
- The invention is set forth in detail below with the aid of the attached figures which illustrate an embodiment thereof, as a non-exclusive example.
-
FIG. 1 shows, in simplified form, a front and vertical elevation view of the machine, with different members not illustrated and others partially sectioned. -
FIG. 2 is a section of the machine along a vertical axial plane (indicated with II-II inFig. 1 ). -
FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail ofFig. 2 , wherein the section is made in the III-III plane ofFig. 1 . -
FIG. 3A is another enlarged detail ofFig. 2 . -
FIG. 4 is a section of a shaped head and the related hollow body in the plane of trace IV-IV ofFig. 1 . -
FIG. 4A is a detail ofFig. 4 , in a different operating step, wherein thecylindrical body 31 of thevalve 30 is rotated 90 degrees with respect to the position ofFig. 4 . -
Figs. 5a and 5b respectively show a finished package and an only partially folded wrapper. -
FIG. 6 schematically shows the functioning steps of the machine. -
FIG. 7 shows a portion of thecentral member 10 sectioned along a plane perpendicular to the axis A. -
FIG. 7A is an enlarged detail ofFig. 7 . - The machine possesses a central rotating
member 10 which, according to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, is borne by a largemain shaft 11 having a horizontal axis A, rotatably supported by alarge support 131, in turn borne by asupport structure 13, and driven into rotation by amotor 12. Theshaft 11 projects forward from thelarge support 131 and bears thecentral member 10 on its front end. - In
Fig. 1 , thecentral member 10 rotates in the counter-clockwise direction. - The
member 10 bears, on its periphery, a plurality ofshaped heads 20 distributed along a circumference centred on the rotation axis A of thecentral organ 10. - Preferably, said
shaped heads 20 are placed at equal angular distances from each other, and their own longitudinal axes B lie on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis A of the central organ and in particular intersect said axis A. - Each
shaped head 20 has an outer shape corresponding to the shape of a partially folded cover wrapper (i.e. a cover sheet on which a first series of folds has been carried out, up to forming an open recess on one side). - In the typical case in which the desired form of the wrapper to be made is parallelepiped (in
Fig. 5A a typical example of finished packaged material is shown, indicated with D, which has parallelepiped form), the form of thehead 20 is also a parallelepiped, as is the form of the partially folded wrapper (indicated with Rp and illustrated infigure 5b ), however this is open on one side and has longer side faces which define a so-called "skirt" 9, i.e. a perimeter band which extends beyond the volume (indicated with V inFig. 5B ) which is filled with the metered amount. - In detail, the
head 20 has an end portion in parallelepiped form, on which the partially folded wrapper Rp is wrapped and formed, having anend wall 22, perpendicular to the axis B, twofront 207 and back 208 frontal walls, placed on planes perpendicular to the rotation axis A and twolateral walls other walls - The machine moreover comprises a plurality of
hollow bodies 40 integrally movable in rotation with thecentral member 10, in an equal number as well opposite and coaxial with theshaped heads 20, provided with relative motion of approaching and moving away from therespective heads 20, in the direction of the heads' longitudinal axis B. - According to the embodiment illustrated in the figures, eight
shaped heads 20 are foreseen (but this number can be different), distributed with equal angles along the plane perpendicular to the axis A and an equal number ofhollow bodies 40 brought by the same number ofarms 14 projecting both radially and axially ahead, integral with themain shaft 11. - In the central member, means are foreseen for metering the material to be inserted and for inserting the amount within said partially folded wrapper Rp, operating through said
shaped heads 20 along a first part of the rotation course of eachhead 20. - These metering means comprise a plurality of
cylindrical compression chambers 21, made within the central member, coaxial with theshaped heads 20 and communicating with these; theshaped heads 20 are hollow and open towards therespective chambers 21 and have anend wall 22, perpendicular to the axis B, provided with a series of exit throughholes 22a. Inside thechambers 21, thrust means are placed consisting ofpistons 23 sliding for the length of thechambers 21, adapted to push the material placed in the chamber itself outside thehead 20 through saidexit holes 22a. - In each
compression chamber 21, a respectivemovable piston 23 is placed with alternating course along the axis B of thechamber 21 itself; thepiston 23 is driven by means of afixed cam 24 coaxial with the axis A, adapted to sequentially drive all of thepistons 23 in a manner correlated to their angular position, in the general rotation plane of thecentral member 10. - In detail, the
cam 24 is formed by an eccentric cylinder, whose side surface comes into contact with anidle roller 26a borne by an inner end appendage of each connecting rod-member 26 which drives arespective piston 23. The cam A is fixed to the end of astem 17, coaxial with A, borne by afront support 13a fixed to thestructure 13, which is vertically elevated from below before thecentral member 10. - Along the axis A, in addition to the
fixed cam 24, general adjustment means are placed adapted to adjust the position of the bottom dead centre in the course of thepistons 23 in order to determine the supplied metered amount. Said means comprises abody 25, having a conical surface 25a, coaxial with A, adapted for abutting with aninner end appendage 26b of each connectingrod 26. - The
body 25 is borne at the end of ashaft 15 placed within an axial cavity made in the mainrotating shaft 11. - In the rotation of the
central member 10, when thepiston 23 is brought to the bottom dead centre (i.e. the closest point to the axis A), therespective end appendage 26b stops the course, since it comes into contact with the conical surface 25a while itsidle roller 26 does not reach the contact with thecam 24; when instead the roller encounters the surface of thecam 24, the piston is pushed towards the top dead centre and theend appendage 26b is spaced from the conical surface 25a. - The axial position of the
body 25 is adjustable (rotating theinner shaft 15 with respect to the main shaft 11) so to vary the position of the bottom dead centre of thepistons 23. - At the lower base of each shaped
head 20, avalve 30 is placed, adapted to intercept the passage of the material coming from thecompression chamber 21 and directed toward thecavity 20a of thehollow body 20. In detail, saidvalve 30 comprises acylindrical body 31 inserted perfectly in acylindrical seat 32, with axis parallel to the axis A, made in the base 20b of eachhead 20 having a longitudinal throughslit 33 for the passage of the material. Rotating thebody 31 90 degrees in one direction or the other respectively opens or closes the communication between the twochambers idle roller 34, applied to thebody 31 in an eccentric manner with respect to its axis and driven by a fixedcam 35 centred on the axis A. - The material to be packaged is fed to the
central member 10, in fluid state and with a sufficient pressure. The material arrives at afixed distributor member 27 having the form of a plate provided with a flat surface placed adhering and with sliding seal on an externalradial surface 10a (perpendicular to the axis A), made on the rotatingmember 10. The material is fed to an inlet 27a and from here runs along adistribution channel 27b which extends along an arc centred on the axis A for a specific angle. Thechannel 27b is made in a cavity in the thickness of theplate 27 and is closed by theradial surface 10a adhering and sliding against theplate 27. Eachcompression chamber 21 has an inlet throughhole 21a, adapted to slide along thechannel 27b, placed in the zone of thechamber 21, which is axially external with respect to the position of thepiston 23. Sliding along thechannel 27b (in the first part of the rotation tract indicated with T1 inFig. 6 ), thechamber 21 receives from this the material under pressure, which fills the chamber itself and pushes thepiston 23 towards the bottom dead centre. In the rotation tract (indicated with T2 inFig. 6 ) wherein the piston is subsequently pushed by thecam 24 towards the top dead centre, the same piston pushes the material through thecavity 20a of the shapedhead 20 and outside thehead 20 through theexit holes 22a. - The shaped heads 20 comprise suction surfaces connected to suction channels, in turn connected with air suction sources, adapted to attract the foldable cover sheet, still in belt form N and then in sheet form F separated from the belt (
Fig. 6 ). - According to the embodiment illustrated in the figures (see
figures 3 and7A ), said suction surfaces are defined by theside walls head 20, respectively front and rear with respect to the running direction; each of such walls is provided with different thin through holes and is associated with aninner air space 203 made inside thehead 20 and isolated with respect to thecavity 20a which is in central position. - The two
air spaces 203 are in communication, by means ofchannels 204, with tworespective distribution channels Fig. 7 ). Thechannels second distributor member 28, which is fixed, having annular plate form provided with a flat surface placed adhering and with sliding seal on an external radial surface 10b perpendicular to the axis A, made on the rotatingmember 10, placed on the opposite side with respect to thesurface 10a. Thechannels plate 28 and are closed by the radial surface 10b adhering and sliding against theplate 28. Each channelling 204 communicates, by means of a respective throughhole 205, with arespective channel channels channels Fig. 7 ). - Behind the
central member 10, a large, flat andcircular support 16 is placed, fixed to thestructure 13, centred on the axis A, in the form of a large disc placed on a plane perpendicular to the axis A. - The
support 16 bears a plurality of first folding means placed in the positions P2 - P5 (illustrated only schematically infigures 1 - 6 ) of per sé known type, distributed along the course of the shaped heads 20, adapted to fold the cover sheet F dragged by the shapedhead 20, in combination with the movement of the head itself, operating in a first part T1 of the rotation course of the head. - In operation, the
main shaft 11 and with it thecentral member 10 and thehollow bodies 40 rotate with uniform speed (in counter-clockwise direction in the front views) . - The first part of the machine operation occurs in the following manner.
- In the position P1, at the initial end of the
distribution channel 28a connected to thefront suction wall 201, the arrival point of the end of a belt N of cover material is placed exiting from a reel (not illustrated). This end is arranged so to be brushed against thefront side wall 201 of eachhead 20 when it passes the position P1, and coming into contact with thewall 201 it is attracted to this and kept adherent due to the suction produced by the reduced pressure present in thechannel 28a. - Continuing in the rotation, the
head 20 separates by tearing a belt N segment which has been pre-cut (by means of known type, not illustrated in the figures), the segment defining a sheet F of cover material. - In the rotation, the
head 20 drags with it the sheet F adhering to thewall 201, which in the subsequent position P2 undergoes (by known means and illustrated only schematically in the figures) the folding of its rear border, which is brought to adhere also to theend wall 22 and to therear side wall 202. - Continuing further in the rotation, the
head 20 passes through three further positions, P3, P4 and P5, placed in succession near each other, where the cover sheet is first centrally and laterally folded on the twofrontal walls Fig. 5B ), which has the form of a parallelepiped wrapper open on one face. - Subsequently, as illustrated below, a metered amount is inserted within the partially folded wrapper Rp, this being placed within the
cavity 43 of a correspondinghollow body 40. - Continuing in the detailed description of the machine, each
hollow body 40 is borne by a guide means 41, fixed to the free end of arespective arm 14, which defines a radial track parallel to the longitudinal axis B of arespective head 20. In detail, thehollow body 40 is fixed to a slidingblock 41a bound to a respective guide means 41 with the possibility of moving along the track and is arranged with its own longitudinal axis coinciding with the axis B of therespective head 20. - The position of the
hollow body 40 along the track of themeans 41 is determined by a fixedcam 42 borne by thesupport structure 13, which runs along the annular zone defined by the course of theguides 41 and surrounds the central member for an angle of 360 degrees, along which the cam engagesidle roller 42a borne by each slidingblock 41a. - Each
hollow body 40 possesses acavity 43, open on the side turned towards therespective head 20, shaped like the shapedhead 20, adapted to perfectly receive the partially folded wrapper Rp and the end of thesame head 20 and a metered amount of material inside the wrapper Rp. - The
cavity 43 is defined byside walls 44 parallel to the axis B, which defines a prismatic corridor within which amovable bottom plate 46 slides in the B direction, perpendicular to the axis B, which defines the transverse surface inside the cavity itself, adapted to adhere to theend wall 22 of thehead 20. Thebottom plate 46 is fixed to the inner end of astem 47, coaxial with the axis B and sliding in the direction of its own axis. The outer end of thestem 47 bears anidle roller 48a which is engaged with a fixedcam 48. Analogous to the fixedcam 42, thecam 48 also slides along the annular zone defined by the course of theguides 41 and surrounds thecentral member 10 for a 360 degrees angle, along which the cam engages theidle rollers 48a of the varioushollow bodies 40, in a manner correlated to the angular position of these in the general rotation plane of the central member. - Said
plate 46 is movable along thecavity 43 of the hollow body in the longitudinal direction, between a position wherein the partially folded wrapper Rp and the metered amount are completely contained within thecavity 43 and a position such to eject both of them from the cavity itself. - The
plate 46 is perforated with thin holes and is in contact with arear chamber 49 connected with air suction sources; therefore, the surface of the plate defines a suction surface adapted to attract the partially folded wrapper Rp to it. - In the second part of the machine operation, after the sheet F has been transformed into a partially folded wrapper Rp around a respective shaped
head 20, following the rotation of thehead 20, the respectivehollow body 40 is brought closer to thehead 20 due to the action of thecam 42, until it penetrates this and the partial wrapper Rp within thecavity 43. The zone wherein thehead 20 penetrates most in thehollow body 40 is indicated with Q1 inFig. 6 . - In this position, the partial wrapper Rp is attracted, adhering to the
plate 46 also by the suction action produced by the plate itself. - At this point, along a section of the rotation course of the
head 20 indicated with T2, the material to be packaged (after thevalve 30 was brought into "open" position) is inserted in metered manner through theperforated wall 22, within the partial wrapper Rp placed within thecavity 43; this occurs due to the movement of thepiston 23 towards the top dead centre, produced by thecam 24; at the same time as the injection of the metered amount, thehollow body 40 and integrally with it theplate 46 are moved away (in the direction of the axis B) from thehead 20 such that, while the metered material enters in the partial wrapper Rp, this is kept adherent against theplate 46, in addition to against theside walls 44. At the end of the metered amount injection, the preset quantity of material is found inside the partial wrapper Rp, which in turn is found inside thecavity 43. Only the side walls of the partial wrapper Rp still adhering to the side and frontal faces of the head 20 (which define said skirt 9) remain outside thecavity 43. Moreover, at the end of the injection of the metered amount, thevalve 30 is brought into closed position. - Subsequently, the rotation of the
head 20 continuing, thehollow body 40 and with it theplate 46 are further removed from thehead 20 and since they are capable of holding the partial wrapper Rp and the metered amount within the cavity 43 (above all due to the suction action of the plate 46), there is the separation of thehead 20 from thewall 22. This is moreover unthreaded from theentire skirt 9 of the partial wrapper Rp (Q2 zone). - In the subsequent tract T3 of the
shaft rotation 11, along the course of thehollow body 40, second folding means are foreseen adapted to fold the partially folded covering sheets in combination with thehollow bodies 40, in order to complete the folding of the metered amount covering. Said second folding means are placed in positions P6 - P8 (illustrated only schematically infigures 1 and6 ) of per sé known type, which are borne by thesupport 16, distributed along a second part of the rotation course of thehollow bodies 40, and are adapted to fold the remaining part of the partial wrapper Rp dragged by thehollow body 40, in combination with its movement. - In the position P6, downstream of the zone Q2, the partial wrapper Rp undergoes the central fold of the
skirt 9 and subsequently, in the position P7, undergoes the first side folding, and finally, in the position P8 it undergoes the final folding which determines the complete closure of the covering and the definition of the finished package (indicated with D in the figures). - Finally, the finished package D is brought by the respective
hollow body 40 onto a fixedupper slide track 60 placed above the zone where the first folder means are placed; when it reaches this point, the suction action of theplate 46 ceases and the package D, by means of relative movement between theplate 46 and thehollow body 40, is ejected from thehollow body 40 and released onto thetrack 60, along which it is pushed to the clearing point. - In summary (as illustrated in
figure 6 ), in operation, eachhead 20 together with the relatedhollow body 40 produces the packaging of a metered amount of material in the course of a complete rotation turn. In the first tract T1 of the course (slightly less than 180 degrees long), there is the folding of the sheet F until the partial wrapper Rp is formed, and the insertion of the wrapper in thehollow body 40. In the first part of this same tract, sliding thecompression chamber 21 along thechannel 27b, material is introduced in the fluid state within the chamber itself, which causes thepiston 23 to move back to the bottom dead centre. - In the subsequent tract T2, the
piston 23, driven by thecam 24, injects a metered amount of material within the partial wrapper Rp placed within thecavity 43. - In the subsequent third tract T3, the partial wrapper Rp, filled with a metered amount of material, remains partially inside the
cavity 43 and undergoes the completion of the folding while it is brought around by thehollow body 40. In this step, the shapedhead 20 is ineffective. - In the fourth tract T4, which overlaps the beginning of the first tract T1, the
hollow body 40 brings the finished package D above the downloadingslide 60 and releases it thereon. - The entire machine functions with uniform rotation and relatively gentle radial movements. There is thus the possibility to operate with high speed, lack of considerable vibrations, lower structural stress and consequently lower wear to the members, greater duration and general reliability of the machine.
- An experimental prototype of the machine was capable of operating at the pace of about 600 packages per minute, with packages of about 15 grams.
- Moreover, due to the fact that immediately after the forming of the partial wrapper Rp, this is introduced within the
hollow body 40 which keeps it bound, there is the possibility to use cover sheets which intrinsically tend not to maintain the folding, as is the case with parchment paper and plastic paper. - Of course, numerous modification of practical-applicative nature can be made to the invention in question, without departing from the scope of the inventive idea as claimed below.
Claims (14)
- Packaging machine for covering, with folded cover sheets, metered amounts of material fed in pasty state comprising a rotating central member (10) which brings into rotation a plurality of shaped heads (20)each shaped head (20) having an external shape corresponding with the shape of a partially folded cover wrapper (Rp); means, applied in the central member (10), for metering the material and for inserting the metered amount within said partially folded wrapper (Rp), operating through said shaped heads (20) along the rotation course of each head (20),first folding means adapted to fold the cover sheets in combination with the movement of the shaped heads (20), to give shape to the partially folded wrapper (Rp), operating in a first part of the rotation course of the central member (10), a plurality of hollow bodies (40), integrally movable in rotation with the central member (10), in equal number to the shaped heads (20), equipped with relative motion of approaching and moving away from the respective heads (20) in the direction of the heads' longitudinal axis,
each hollow body (40) having a cavity (43) open towards a respective head (20), adapted to receive the partially folded wrapper (Rp) and a metered amount of material at its own interior;
second folding means adapted to fold the cover sheets in combination with the hollow bodies (40), in order to complete the folding of the metered amount cover, operating in a second part of the rotation course;
characterised in that said shaped heads (20) are distributed on a circumference centred on the rotation axis (A) of the central member (10), and have their longitudinal axes (B) placed on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis (A) of the central member itself, and the hollow bodies (40) are distributed externally, oppositely and coaxially with the shaped heads (20). - Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the longitudinal axes (B) of shaped heads (20) intersect said rotation axis (A).
- Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that, in order to meter the material, the central member (10) comprises a plurality of cylindrical compression chambers (21), communicating with the shaped heads (20); the shaped heads (20) being hollow and open towards the respective chambers (21) and each having an end wall (22) perpendicular to the axis (B) of the chamber itself, provided with a series of exit through holes (22a); there being provided, inside the chambers (21), thrust means (23) sliding for the length of the chambers (21), adapted to push the material placed in the chamber itself outside the head (20) through said exit holes (22a).
- Machine according to claim 3, characterised in that said thrust means (23) are driven by means of cam means (24) adapted to sequentially drive all thrust means (23) in a manner correlated to their angular position in the general rotation plane of the central member (10).
- Machine according to claim 3, characterised in that said thrust means (23) comprise, for each compression chamber (21), a respective thrust piston (23) movable with alternating movement along the axis (B) of the chamber, and comprises, along the axis (A) of the central member (10), general adjustment means (15, 25) adapted to adjust the position of the bottom dead centre in the movement of the thrust means (23) in order to determine the supplied metered amount.
- Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that said shaped heads (20) comprise suction surfaces (201, 202) connected to suction channels (28a, 28b) in turn connected with air suction sources, adapted to attract the foldable sheet.
- Machine according to claim 6, characterised in that said first folding means (P2 - P5) are placed along the course of the shaped heads (20), and are adapted to fold the cover sheet (F) dragged by the shaped head (20), in combination with the movement of the head (20) itself.
- Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the shape of the cavity (43) of the hollow bodies (40) is such to substantially perfectly receive the end of the corresponding shaped head (20).
- Machine according to claim 8, characterised in that each hollow body (40) comprises a movable plate (46) placed in the cavity (43) of the hollow body (40) itself, adapted to define the transverse and inner surface of the cavity itself (43).
- Machine according to claim 9, characterised in that said plate (46) is movable along the cavity (43) in the longitudinal direction and comprises means adapted to move the plate (46) between a position wherein the partially folded wrapper (Rp) and the metered amount are contained completely within the cavity (43), and a position such to eject the metered amount from the cavity (43).
- Machine according to claim 10, characterised in that said means for moving the plates (46) are driven by means of sequential cam means (48) and in a manner correlated to their angular position in the general rotation plane of the central member (10).
- Machine according to claim 9, characterised in that said plate (46) is perforated with thin holes connected to air suction sources in order to define a suction surface adapted to attract the partially folded cover wrapper (Rp) to it.
- Method for covering, with folded cover sheet, metered amounts of material fed in pasty state by means of a packaging machine, characterised in that it comprises:- the packaging machine having a central rotating member (10) which bears a plurality of shaped heads (20) distributed on a circumference centred on the rotation axis A of the central member (10), having their longitudinal axes (B) placed on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis (A) of the central member (10),- each shaped head (20) having an external shape corresponding with the shape of a partially folded wrapper (Rp),- and having a plurality of hollow bodies (40), integrally movable in rotation with the movement of the central member (10), in equal number to, as well as distributed externally, opposite and coaxial with the shaped heads (20), provided with relative motion of approaching and moving away from the respective heads (20), each hollow body (40) having a cavity (43) adapted to receive the partially folded wrapper (Rp) and a metered amount of material inside this;- wrapping each cover sheet around a shaped head (20) following the rotation of the central member (10), until it makes said partially folded wrapper (Rp);- inserting a metered amount within the partially folded wrapper (Rp), this being placed within the cavity (43) of a corresponding hollow body (40); completing the folding of the cover (Rp) of the metered amounts, following the rotation of the central member (10).
- Method according to claim 13, characterised in that, after the insertion of the metered amount within the partially folded wrapper (Rp) placed within the cavity (43) of a hollow body (40), the partially folded wrapper (Rp) is removed from the respective shaped head (20), and by means of suction action holds within it the metered amount, causing its separation from the shaped head (20).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000113A ITRE20050113A1 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2005-10-10 | METHOD AND PACKAGING MACHINE TO COAT WITH FOLDED COVER SHEET, DOSES OF MATERIAL POWERED TO THE PASTOSO STATE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1772378A1 EP1772378A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
EP1772378B1 true EP1772378B1 (en) | 2008-07-23 |
Family
ID=37649384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06076833A Not-in-force EP1772378B1 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-10-04 | Method and packaging machine for covering, with folded cover sheet, metered amounts of material fed in pasty form |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1772378B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE402074T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006001914D1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITRE20050113A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018008483B3 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-01-30 | Benhil Gmbh | Process for packaging portioned, liquid or pasty products in the processing state and packaging machine for carrying out such a process |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4445311A (en) * | 1982-01-27 | 1984-05-01 | Asto Import- Und Exportgesellschaft M.B.H. & Co. Kg. | Portioning and packing machine |
-
2005
- 2005-10-10 IT IT000113A patent/ITRE20050113A1/en unknown
-
2006
- 2006-10-04 EP EP06076833A patent/EP1772378B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-10-04 AT AT06076833T patent/ATE402074T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-04 DE DE602006001914T patent/DE602006001914D1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITRE20050113A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
EP1772378A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
DE602006001914D1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
ATE402074T1 (en) | 2008-08-15 |
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