EP1759423A2 - Procede de transformation de l'energie du rayonnement solaire en courant electrique et en chaleur au moyen de miroirs filtres d'interference selectifs en couleur et dispositif de collecteur-concentrateur comportant des miroirs selectifs en couleur destine a la mise en oeuvre dudit procede - Google Patents

Procede de transformation de l'energie du rayonnement solaire en courant electrique et en chaleur au moyen de miroirs filtres d'interference selectifs en couleur et dispositif de collecteur-concentrateur comportant des miroirs selectifs en couleur destine a la mise en oeuvre dudit procede

Info

Publication number
EP1759423A2
EP1759423A2 EP05707080A EP05707080A EP1759423A2 EP 1759423 A2 EP1759423 A2 EP 1759423A2 EP 05707080 A EP05707080 A EP 05707080A EP 05707080 A EP05707080 A EP 05707080A EP 1759423 A2 EP1759423 A2 EP 1759423A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
interference mirror
radiation
mirrors
interference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05707080A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Detlef Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1759423A2 publication Critical patent/EP1759423A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/006—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by means of optical elements, e.g. films, filters or screens, being rolled up around a roller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/12—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/80—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors having discontinuous faces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
    • H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention has for its object to find suitable interference filter materials and arrangements for solar radiation, which can be produced inexpensively and whose tendency to contamination, discoloration or corrosion under the influence of changing temperatures, air humidity in the dew point area and exposure to dust is low.
  • the object is achieved as follows: It is characteristic of the device according to the invention that the light with movable interference mirror films in at least two spectral Wavelength ranges are separated, a wavelength range being reflected on each film and a part being transmitted.
  • the direct solar radiation is refractive beforehand, e.g. B. with Fresnel lenses, or reflective, e.g. B. bundled with concave mirrors or Fresnel concave mirrors (mirror field).
  • One or more such interference mirror foils are arranged in front of the optical focal point, so that there is in each case an optical focal point for the reflected and also for the transmitted light fraction.
  • photocells made of semiconductor materials are arranged which have the best possible efficiency for converting light radiation into electric current for the respective wavelength range.
  • the color-selective interference mirrors are realized with foils that are slowly moved from roll to roll through the light cone like a film in a cinema. This offers the advantage that inexpensive plastic film laminates can be used.
  • Interference mirror films of the device according to the invention are preferably used 'materials, which, in addition to the visible spectrum and a high transmittance of NIR radiation microns to about.
  • 2 Flour polymers and Flourid soft glasses let sunlight through in a wide frequency range. Transparency for UV radiation reduces the degradation of the films and improves the energy yield.
  • Thin layer systems in the form of thermoplastic films with transparent basic plastics (PMMA, PC, styrenes) with parts made of tellurium or flour compounds can be used for a wide spectral range down to the NIR.
  • the photocells are therefore arranged on a heat sink through which a cooling medium can flow.
  • a cooling medium can flow.
  • organic solvents classic refrigerants (e.g. R134, propane, etc.), binary solutions (e.g. ammonia solution) or gases (such as helium) under higher operating pressure can also be used.
  • classic refrigerants e.g. R134, propane, etc.
  • binary solutions e.g. ammonia solution
  • gases such as helium
  • Absorption chillers, ORC systems (Organic Rankine Cycle), Villumier heat pumps and MCE converters (Magneto-Caloric-Effect) operate.
  • a very thin layer system with thermionic function from z. B. Bi 2 Te 3 / Sb 2 Te 3 (thermodiode) between the solar cell and the heat sink can partially convert the resulting heat flow into electrical current if necessary. The electrical efficiency can thus be increased again.
  • a light fraction can also be fed into an optical waveguide (LWL).
  • LWL optical waveguide
  • convex Fresnel lenses 1 are incorporated in the translucent upper boundary plate facing the light. They are aligned perpendicular to the position of the sun, whereby the outside of the upper boundary plate can preferably have an anti-reflective or easy-to-clean coating (dirt and water-repellent surface).
  • a lower boundary plate 8 which is arranged parallel to the upper boundary plate with the Fresnel lenses 1 and forms a largely dustproof and watertight box with this and the side walls of the frame 6.
  • the depth of the frame 6, ie the distance between the upper Fresnel lens 1 and the lower boundary plate 8, corresponds approximately to the focal length of the Fresnel lenses 1 used.
  • germanium photocells for NIR radiation 5b are mounted on heat sinks 7, through which a liquid can flow. If the Fresnel lenses 1 are aligned perpendicular to the sun, a light cone is formed in each case and the radiation is directed onto the respective, in comparison to the Fresnel Lens small-area germanium photocell for NIR radiation 5b bundled.
  • the semiconductor germanium has a small band gap and is particularly efficient in a photocell for NIR radiation up to 2 ⁇ m, but less suitable for visible light.
  • a multi-meter long interference mirror foil 2 is arranged in the form of a tape, which is wound on a spindle 3. It is rewound from this unwinding spindle 3 in the course of the device's usage time onto a winding spindle 4, so that the interference mirror film 2 is slowly drawn through the respective light cone of the Fresnel lenses 1.
  • the interference mirror foil 2 consists of several layers of two alternately stacked transparent plastics with different optical refractive index, z. B. PMMA and polystyrene. Alternatively, other plastics with better resistance to UV light and NIR transparency can be used.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention which not only directs two but four different wavelength ranges (light colors) to four different photocells.
  • the cover plate made of glass is on the outside with a weather-resistant multilayer interference mirror layer system, e.g. B. from silicon dioxide and tantalum pentoxide, each with a layer thickness of 55-110 nm, which reflects UV and blue light and transmits green, yellow, red and near-infrared radiation components down to at least 2 ⁇ m wavelength.
  • the glass plate is embossed in a bowl shape and on the inside it has the Fresnel lenses with front
  • Interference concave mirror for blue light 10 with its typical groove structures The bowl-shaped curvatures with the interference mirror layer system each have the function of a concave mirror.
  • the frame 6 with the Fresnel lenses with front interference concave mirror for blue light 10 becomes vertical facing the sun, a cone of light is formed by the bowl-shaped curvatures with the interference mirror layer system above these concave mirrors with the reflected UV and blue light.
  • photocells 15a are arranged, which have a high quantum efficiency for blue and UV radiation, for. B. from InGaP or CdS.
  • a light cone is formed from the non-reflected green, yellow, red and NIR light components, which are further fractionated with interference mirror foils 2 according to the invention.
  • Two different interference mirror foils 2 in the form of tapes are arranged one above the other between the Fresnel lenses with a front interference concave mirror for blue light 10 and the lower boundary plate 8, each of which is wound from a spool 3 to a spool 4 through the light cone.
  • the second interference mirror foil for red VIS radiation 12b which is located some distance below, is designed for the reflection range from about 650 to 1100 nm.
  • a double-sided photo cell for red VIS radiation 15c unfold its optimal efficiency.
  • the housing for the liquid cooling with the heat sink 5c of the photocell 15c is preferably transparent to the radiation range 650-2000 nm, as is the cooling medium.
  • the lowermost photocells for NIR radiation 5d on the lower boundary plate 8 are in turn optimized for the NIR radiation 1.1-2 .mu.m, and could for example consist of the semiconductor germanium or InGaAs.
  • Several such frames 6 can be mounted on suitable frames or on masts, equipped with rotary drives, which align the frames 6 perpendicular to the current sun position, so that the direct light radiation through the Fresnel lenses with front-side interference mirror for blue light 10 always on the photocells is focused.
  • FIG. 3 shows a device according to the invention with a reflective concentrator, in which the Concentrating the solar radiation with Fresnel concave mirrors 11 takes place.
  • a reflective concentrator in which the Concentrating the solar radiation with Fresnel concave mirrors 11 takes place.
  • These can be realized with individual mirrors that are movably arranged on roof, facade or open spaces for tracking the position of the sun.
  • FIG. 4 shows a solar receiver for the Fresnel concave mirror arrangement shown in FIG. 3.
  • an interference mirror film for blue and green VIS radiation 32a arranged in the light entry area of the frame 6 reflects a defined spectral range of light, e.g. B. blue, green and yellow, on an outside of the frame 6 photo cell for blue and green VIS radiation 45a, z. B. from GaAs.
  • the radiation components red and NIR transmitted by the first interference mirror foil for blue and green VIS radiation 32a are directed to a second interference mirror foil for yellow and red VIS radiation 32b, which z. B. reflected on a Si photo cell for yellow and red VIS radiation 35b and NIR transmitted, which falls on a germanium photo cell for NIR radiation 5c.
  • FIG. 5 also shows a solar receiver for the Fresnel concave mirror arrangement shown in FIG. 3.
  • the same interference mirror film for blue and green VIS radiation 32a irradiated with an entry angle of approximately 0 °, reflects a different wavelength range than is the case with a flatter radiation angle, e.g. B. about 45 ° is the case.
  • the interference mirror film for blue and green VIS radiation 32a will have a respective layer thickness of the alternating plastic layers in the range 100-132 nm and will reflect the blue and green light when irradiated vertically, while yellow, red and NIR are transmitted.
  • This initially transmitted radiation component passes through the same film again, but now at a steeper angle, e.g. B. about 40 ° - 50 °, the yellow light is now reflected, while red and NIR are largely transmitted.
  • Figure 6 it is shown that one or more of the light components separated with interference mirror foils 2 instead of a photocell in an optical waveguide 9, z. B. liquid-filled hose, can be fed and transported over limited distances to another place.
  • This application is shown on the basis of the embodiment of the device with refractive light concentrator already shown in FIG.
  • the focal point of the Fresnel lens 1 lies in the area of the glass fiber entrance when the sun is precisely aligned.
  • the invention offers several advantages.
  • the advantage of concentrator technology is that the light is concentrated on only small semiconductor areas with relatively inexpensive optical components (mirrors, Fresnel lenses), thus saving expensive semiconductor area.
  • the slow coils with the spindles 3 and 4 of the interference mirror films 2 from roll to roll by the light cone has the advantage that not act permanently prejudicial to this surface reached dirt and damage due to moisture, baked dirt particles and light-induced degradation "as the claimed sheet sections are continuously renewed.
  • These thin interference mirror foils 2 can be produced from very inexpensive and commercially available plastic raw materials in mass production by lamination, rolling or drawing processes. There is no need for costly CVD or epitaxial deposition processes in a high vacuum.
  • the DSC technology Denssitized Cell
  • the Fresnel concave mirror 11 being rotated in such a way that these DSC surfaces are optimally illuminated when cloudy.
  • Both direct-directional and diffuse (scattered) light can be used in a wide spectral range, which means that the annual energy yield can be increased considerably.
  • Wavelength range can be transported over a limited distance in a non-linear way and focused on the smallest areas. This light can be used to illuminate windowless interior or

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de collecteur solaire et concentrateur destiné à diviser le rayonnement solaire en diverses couleurs spectrales à l'aide de miroirs sélectifs en couleur et à concentrer celles-ci sur des cellules photovoltaïques à semiconducteurs optimisées pour diverses couleurs. Le dispositif selon l'invention sert à transformer l'énergie du rayonnement solaire en courant électrique et en chaleur avec un rendement élevé.
EP05707080A 2004-01-30 2005-01-29 Procede de transformation de l'energie du rayonnement solaire en courant electrique et en chaleur au moyen de miroirs filtres d'interference selectifs en couleur et dispositif de collecteur-concentrateur comportant des miroirs selectifs en couleur destine a la mise en oeuvre dudit procede Withdrawn EP1759423A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004005050A DE102004005050A1 (de) 2004-01-30 2004-01-30 Verfahren zur Energieumwandlung solarer Strahlung in elektrischen Strom und Wärme mit farbselektiven Interferenzfilterspiegeln und eine Vorrichtung eines Konzentrator-Solarkollektors mit farbselektiven Spiegeln zur Anwendung des Verfahrens
PCT/EP2005/000889 WO2005074041A2 (fr) 2004-01-30 2005-01-29 Procede de transformation de l'energie du rayonnement solaire en courant electrique et en chaleur au moyen de miroirs filtres d'interference selectifs en couleur et dispositif de collecteur-concentrateur comportant des miroirs selectifs en couleur destine a la mise en oeuvre dudit procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1759423A2 true EP1759423A2 (fr) 2007-03-07

Family

ID=34801417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05707080A Withdrawn EP1759423A2 (fr) 2004-01-30 2005-01-29 Procede de transformation de l'energie du rayonnement solaire en courant electrique et en chaleur au moyen de miroirs filtres d'interference selectifs en couleur et dispositif de collecteur-concentrateur comportant des miroirs selectifs en couleur destine a la mise en oeuvre dudit procede

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20090014053A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1759423A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1930693A (fr)
AU (1) AU2005208043A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004005050A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL177161A0 (fr)
MA (1) MA28374A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA06008501A (fr)
TN (1) TNSN06239A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005074041A2 (fr)

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MA28374A1 (fr) 2006-12-01
WO2005074041A2 (fr) 2005-08-11
MXPA06008501A (es) 2007-01-30
WO2005074041A3 (fr) 2006-08-24
US20090014053A1 (en) 2009-01-15
AU2005208043A1 (en) 2005-08-11
TNSN06239A1 (fr) 2007-12-03
CN1930693A (zh) 2007-03-14
DE102004005050A1 (de) 2005-08-25
IL177161A0 (en) 2006-12-10

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