EP1746204B1 - Method and device for reducing vibrations in paper machines - Google Patents

Method and device for reducing vibrations in paper machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1746204B1
EP1746204B1 EP06110274A EP06110274A EP1746204B1 EP 1746204 B1 EP1746204 B1 EP 1746204B1 EP 06110274 A EP06110274 A EP 06110274A EP 06110274 A EP06110274 A EP 06110274A EP 1746204 B1 EP1746204 B1 EP 1746204B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotational speed
vibration
roll
change
speed
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EP06110274A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1746204A3 (en
EP1746204A2 (en
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Robert Hilbing
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/0073—Accessories for calenders
    • D21G1/008—Vibration-preventing or -eliminating devices

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for reducing vibrations, in particular resonant vibrations, of rotating rollers in machines for producing and / or processing webs of material, in particular fibrous webs such as, for example, paper, board or tissue webs. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the DE 102 04 770 discloses a method of vibration damping in which phased out to the vibration of the roller are introduced into these forces.
  • the US 5,961,899 discloses a method in which counter vibrations are generated for vibration damping in calender systems.
  • the object is achieved by a method for reducing resonances of vibrations in a machine for producing and / or processing a material web, in particular with nip-forming roller pairs, by carrying out suitable measures for reducing vibrations leading to resonance in at least one rotating roller are, with the appropriate measures include that the speed of the at least one roller is repeatedly changed over time or in other words in time sequence repeatedly.
  • the invention is based on the finding that it is almost impossible due to the large number of natural frequencies in today's web-processing or manufacturing machines to find a meaningful for a sufficient productivity speed range of rollers by no natural frequency occurs. Therefore, the invention proposes to change the speed of at least one roller again and again during the operating time, wherein the speeds set here can stimulate both natural frequencies and no natural frequencies in the machine. Due to the repetitive change of the rotational speed, however, it is achieved that not enough energy is coupled into the system comprising the roller in order to generate disturbing resonances for the production.
  • the vibration state of the machine, in particular the at least one roller is determined. For example, determining the power consumption of the drive of the at least one roller and / or measuring the vibration state by means of displacement and / or speed and / or acceleration sensors.
  • the relative vibration between machine eg. Machine chair and roller or the relative vibration between several rollers or the relative vibration between different parts of the machine frame can be measured.
  • Speed and acceleration sensors are firmly connected to the machine frame and measure their vibration. Both sensors must be placed where an energy input leads to a measurable vibration. In this case, the sensors detect an emerging energy input (for example, time and intensity of the energy injection) and can thus be used as a measuring system for the speed change.
  • an emerging energy input for example, time and intensity of the energy injection
  • the starting resonance is counteracted by changing the rotational speed of the rollers of the calender.
  • the rotational speed is changed in the determination of emerging and / or occurring resonance in the vibration state. This requires that the vibration state of the machine, in particular the roller is determined periodically. In the event of resonance oscillation, the regulation starts in such a way that the rotational speed of the at least one roller is actively set to a different rotational speed. If a resonance is determined again after a certain time at the speed set in this way, the speed is again set to another value and so on.
  • the rotational speed of the roller is changed over time without ascertaining the oscillation state such that not enough energy is coupled into the roller to generate resonance.
  • the triggering moment for the change in the speed is not the determination of an impending resonance in this case. Rather, it is avoided in this case from the outset that a resonance can set only slightly by the period in which the roller is operated at a fixed speed is so short, so that in the event that this speed is a natural vibration frequency of the system , not enough energy can be injected into the system to produce a resonance.
  • the size of the change in the rotational speed and / or the duration of the change in the rotational speed can be adjusted taking into account the determined vibration state.
  • the determination of the vibration state thus triggers, in contrast to the above embodiment, not a speed change, but is used to determine the change values.
  • the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed it is possible for the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed to be adaptively adapted to the determined vibration state, for example by estimating, on the basis of the determined vibration state, the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed necessary to prevent resonant vibration.
  • a possible embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the rotational speed is repeatedly increased and / or reduced with respect to an output rotational speed. This ensures that the speed of the at least one roller for the effective prevention of resonance must be removed too far from the optimum for productivity working speed.
  • the size of the change in the speed and / or the duration of the change in the speed is stochastic and / or chaotic. That it is determined stochastically or chaotically by what amount the rotational speed changes in relation to an output rotational speed or to an average rotational speed and / or how long the so changed rotational speed is maintained until the renewed change.
  • each speed is kept constant as long as possible.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the speed changes in time plateau.
  • the rotational speed changes periodically in time, such as, for example, sinusoidally or sawtooth-shaped.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the rotational speed of at least two rolls forming at least one nip is changed.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably used when operating nip-forming roller arrangements, in particular at least one press and / or a size press and / or an offset press and / or a calender and / or a calender and / or a supercalender.
  • rollers at different points of the machine in the inventive method and depending on the determined vibrations of the machine, for example. At a different location of the rollers to change the speed of the respective rollers each differently.
  • the device for reducing vibrations in a machine for producing and / or processing a material web, in particular with nip-forming roller pairs comprises a control unit for influencing at least one rotating roller which is designed to repeatedly increase the rotational speed of the roller over time and a measuring device for determining the vibration state of the machine, in particular the roller, which is coupled to the control unit.
  • control unit is coupled to the measuring device such that the speed is changed in the determination of emerging and / or occurring resonances in the vibrational state.
  • control unit is coupled to the measuring device in such a way that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and / or the time duration of the change in the rotational speed takes into account the determined vibration state.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for carrying out the method according to the invention for reducing vibrations in a machine for producing and / or processing a material web.
  • a roll pair formed by rollers 2 and 3 to recognize, which includes a nip 4 between them.
  • the pair of rollers 2, 3 is arranged on a schematically shown stiffening 5 of the machine.
  • the two rollers 2 and 3 are each driven by a drive device 7 and 8 respectively.
  • the two drive devices 7 and 8 are controlled by a control unit 9, which communicates with speed sensors 10 and 11, which interact with one of the rollers 2 and 3 respectively.
  • the device 1 has a measuring device 6 for determining the vibration state of the machine, in particular the rollers 2 and 3 and the stiffening 5.
  • the vibration state of the machine can be determined by means of a mounted on the chair 5 vibration sensor 12.
  • the rotational speed of the two rollers 2 and 3 is repeatedly changed over time to reduce the vibrations. This happens in the in the FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment by temporal change in the power output of the control unit 9 to the two drives 7 and 8, wherein the speed thus achieved is monitored by the two speed sensors 10 and 11.
  • the measuring device 6 is coupled to the control unit 9 such that the rotational speed of the two rollers 2 and 3 is changed in the determination of emerging and / or occurring resonances in the vibration state of the rollers 2 and 3 and the stiffening 5. That In the present case, a change in the rotational speed of the two rollers 2 and 3 by the control unit 9 always takes place when the determined by the measuring device 6 vibrational state can conclude to a resonance or to an imminent resonance.
  • the speed of the rollers 2 and 3 could be varied in time independently of the determination of resonance in the vibration state, that not enough energy is coupled into the roller for generating resonance.
  • control unit 9 and the measuring device 6 are coupled such that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and / or the time duration of the change in the rotational speed takes place taking into account the determined vibration state.
  • the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and / or the duration of the change in the rotational speed could also be stochastic and / or chaotic.
  • Roller pair 2 and 3 shown may be, for example, a pair of rollers in a press or in a size press or in an offset press or in a calender or in a calender or in a supercalender.
  • the method according to the invention is, of course, expandable to the control of 10 or more rolls, such as, for example, in the case of a calender 10 Nip without departing from the subject matter of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 different courses of speed changes are shown by the method according to the invention.
  • the original power output signal is applied in each case with a correction signal, so that from the control unit 9 to the drives 7 and 8, a power output is such that the two rollers 2 and 3 one of the two in the Figures 2a or 2b have shown speed curves.
  • the original speed is assumed to be constant over time and extends along the time axis of the value ⁇ Figures 2a, 2b and 2c ,
  • the Indian FIG. 2a illustrated sinusoidal temporal speed curve is generated by a sinusoidal Korrektursig signal, wherein the amplitude and the frequency of the sinusoidal speed change changes over time.
  • the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed in this case: amplitude
  • the duration of the change in the rotational speed (here: frequency) takes place in consideration of the determined oscillation state.
  • the rotational speed is also kept constant at a plateau for a relatively long time, as indicated by the reference numeral 1, if there is no energy injection.
  • temporal speed curve is a sawtooth course.
  • the speed curve is generated by a sawtooth-shaped correction signal, with which the original output signal, analogous to FIG. 2a , is charged.
  • the amplitude and the frequency of the sawtooth speed change are changed over time.
  • the Figure 2c shows a further possible temporal speed curve, in which the speed is plateau-shaped, that changes from a constant speed level to another constant speed level.
  • the change can be sudden or in the form of a flat or steep speed change ramp.
  • a plateau-shaped speed curve can be achieved, for example, when the magnitude of the change in rotational speed takes place taking into account the determined vibration state, so that a new rotational speed is found whose level can be kept as long as possible.

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Abstract

Reduction of vibration in a machine for production and/or finishing a material web and of the type having nip-forming roller pairs uses measures acting on at least one of the turning rollers, the measures involving repeatedly varying the rotational speed of the rollers. An independent claim is also included for apparatus effecting the vibration reduction and having a device for measuring the vibration (especially of the rollers), the device being connected to a control system.

Description

Diese Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reduzierung von Schwingungen, insbesondere Resonanzschwingungen, sich drehender Walzen in Maschinen zur Herstellung und / oder Verarbeitung von Materialbahnen, insbesondere Faserstoffbahnen wie bspw. Papier-, Karton- oder Tissuebahnen. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.This invention relates to a method for reducing vibrations, in particular resonant vibrations, of rotating rollers in machines for producing and / or processing webs of material, in particular fibrous webs such as, for example, paper, board or tissue webs. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Aufgrund von immer größer werdenden Maschinengeschwindigkeiten und immer größer werdenden Maschinenbreiten nimmt die Anzahl von Eigenschwingungsfrequenzen bei sich drehenden Walzen in diesen Maschinen immer mehr zu. Bei Kalandersystemen werden bspw. immer mehr Walzenstacks verwendet, wodurch bei diesen die Anzahl von Eigenschwingungsfrequenzen noch mehr vergrößert wird. Wird ein System mit einer seiner Eigenschwingungsfrequenzen angeregt, so schwingt sich dieses auf und es kommt zu Resonanzen, die zum Versagen des Systems führen können.Due to ever-increasing machine speeds and ever increasing machine widths, the number of natural vibration frequencies in rotating rollers in these machines is increasing more and more. In the case of calender systems, for example, more and more roll stacks are used, as a result of which the number of natural vibration frequencies is increased even more. When a system is excited with one of its natural frequencies, it will vibrate and resonate, which can cause the system to fail.

Aufgrund der Vielzahl der Eigenschwingungsfrequenzen bei modernen bahnverarbeitenden bzw. -herstellenden Maschinen wird es immer schwieriger Drehzahlbereiche für den Betrieb der Maschinen festzulegen, die im Bereich optimaler Produktivität liegen und in denen sich darüber hinaus keine Eigenschwingungsfrequenzen befinden.Due to the multitude of natural vibration frequencies in modern web-processing machines, it is becoming increasingly difficult to set speed ranges for the operation of the machines which are in the range of optimum productivity and in which, moreover, there are no natural vibration frequencies.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind mehrere Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen sich drehender Walzen bekannt.Several methods for avoiding resonances of rotating rolls are known from the prior art.

Die DE 102 04 770 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Schwingungsdämpfung indem phasenversetzt zur Schwingung der Walze in diese Kräfte eingeleitet werden.The DE 102 04 770 discloses a method of vibration damping in which phased out to the vibration of the roller are introduced into these forces.

Die US 5,961,899 offenbart ein Verfahren, bei dem zur Schwingungsdämpfung bei Kalandersystemen Gegenschwingungen erzeugt werden.The US 5,961,899 discloses a method in which counter vibrations are generated for vibration damping in calender systems.

Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren sind für die Anwendung bei schnell laufenden Papiermaschinen ineffizient und des weiteren aufwändig und somit kostspielig in deren mechanischen Ausführung.The methods known from the prior art are inefficient for use in high-speed paper machines and further complicated and thus expensive in their mechanical design.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein verbessertes und einfacheres Verfahren und eine verbesserte und vereinfachte Vorrichtung zur Reduktion von Resonanzen vorzuschlagen.It is the object of the present invention to propose an improved and simpler method and an improved and simplified device for reducing resonances.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zur Reduzierung von Resonanzen von Schwingungen in einer Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Verarbeitung einer Materialbahn, insbesondere mit Nip bildenden Walzenpaaren, dadurch gelöst, indem bei zumindest einer sich drehenden Walze geeignete Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung von zu Resonanz führenden Schwingungen durchgeführt werden, wobei die geeigneten Maßnahmen umfassen, dass die Drehzahl der zumindest einen Walze wiederholt mit der Zeit oder anders ausgedrückt in zeitlicher Abfolge immer wieder verändert wird.The object is achieved by a method for reducing resonances of vibrations in a machine for producing and / or processing a material web, in particular with nip-forming roller pairs, by carrying out suitable measures for reducing vibrations leading to resonance in at least one rotating roller are, with the appropriate measures include that the speed of the at least one roller is repeatedly changed over time or in other words in time sequence repeatedly.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, das s es aufgrund der Vielzahl von Eigenfrequenzen bei den heutigen bahnverarbeitenden bzw. -herstellenden Maschinen nahezu unmöglich ist, einen für eine ausreichende Produktivität sinnvollen Drehzahlbereich von Walzen zu finden, indem keine Eigenschwingungsfrequenz auftritt. Daher schlägt die Erfindung vor, die Drehzahl zumindest einer Walze immer wieder während der Betriebsdauer zu verändern, wobei die hierbei eingestellten Drehzahlen sowohl Eigenfrequenzen als auch keine Eigenfrequenzen in der Maschine anregen können. Durch die sich immer wiederholende Änderung der Drehzahl wird aber erreicht, dass in das die Walze umfassende System nicht genügend Energie eingekoppelt wird, um für die Produktion störende Resonanzen zu erzeugen.The invention is based on the finding that it is almost impossible due to the large number of natural frequencies in today's web-processing or manufacturing machines to find a meaningful for a sufficient productivity speed range of rollers by no natural frequency occurs. Therefore, the invention proposes to change the speed of at least one roller again and again during the operating time, wherein the speeds set here can stimulate both natural frequencies and no natural frequencies in the machine. Due to the repetitive change of the rotational speed, however, it is achieved that not enough energy is coupled into the system comprising the roller in order to generate disturbing resonances for the production.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden demzufolge im Wesentlichen folgende Schritte ausgeführt:

  • -a) Betreiben der zumindest einen Walze bei einer Ausgangsdrehzahl,
  • -b) Verändern der Drehzahl der Walze von der Ausgangsdrehzahl auf eine Korrekturdrehzahl vor oder bei Auftreten von Resonanz im Schwingungszustand der Maschine, insbesondere der Walze,
  • -c) Betreiben der Walze bei der Korrekturdrehzahl,
  • -d) Wiederholen der Schritte a) bis c), wobei bei der Wiederholung die Korrekturdrehzahl der Schritte b) und c) der Ausgangsdrehzahl des Schritts a) entspricht.
Accordingly, in the method according to the invention essentially the following steps are carried out:
  • -a) operating the at least one roller at an output speed,
  • b) changing the speed of the roller from the output speed to a correction speed before or when resonance occurs in the vibration state of the machine, in particular the roller,
  • c) operating the roller at the correction speed,
  • -d) repeating steps a) to c), wherein in the repetition the correction speed of steps b) and c) corresponds to the output speed of step a).

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Insbesondere für eine sichere Prozessführung ist es unerlässlich, dass der Schwingungszustand der Maschine, insbesondere der zumindest einen Walze ermittelt wird. Möglichkeiten der Ermittlung des Schwingungszustandes bestehen bspw. in der Ermittlung der Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebs der zumindest einen Walze und / oder Messung des Schwingungszustandes mittels Weg- und / oder Geschwindigkeits- und / oder Beschleunigungssensoren.In particular, for a safe process management, it is essential that the vibration state of the machine, in particular the at least one roller is determined. For example, determining the power consumption of the drive of the at least one roller and / or measuring the vibration state by means of displacement and / or speed and / or acceleration sensors.

Mit Wegsensoren kann bspw. die relative Schwingung zwischen Maschine bspw. Maschinenstuhlung und Walze oder die relative Schwingung zwischen mehreren Walzen oder die relative Schwingung zwischen verschiedenen Teilen der Maschinenstuhlung gemessen werden.With displacement sensors, for example, the relative vibration between machine eg. Machine chair and roller or the relative vibration between several rollers or the relative vibration between different parts of the machine frame can be measured.

Geschwindigkeits- und Beschleunigungssensoren werden mit der Maschinenstuhlung fest verbunden und messen deren Schwingung. Beide Sensoren müssen dort platziert werden, wo eine Energieeinkopplung zu einer messbaren Schwingung führt. Die Sensoren erfassen in diesem Fall eine aufkommende Energieeinkopplung (z.B. Zeitpunkt und Stärke der Energieeinkopplung) und können damit als Messsystem für die Drehzahländerung genutzt werden.Speed and acceleration sensors are firmly connected to the machine frame and measure their vibration. Both sensors must be placed where an energy input leads to a measurable vibration. In this case, the sensors detect an emerging energy input (for example, time and intensity of the energy injection) and can thus be used as a measuring system for the speed change.

So ist es bspw. sinnvoll, bei einem Offline- Kalander mit bspw. 10 Nips die Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebs der zumindest einen Walze oder aller Walzen zu messen. Stellt sich beim Antrieb einer Walze oder bei mehreren Walzen eine signifikante Änderung, bspw. periodische Änderung, der Leistungsaufnahme heraus, kann daraus auf den Beginn einer Resonanz geschlossen werden. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der sich anbahnenden Resonanz dadurch begegnet, indem die Drehzahl der Walzen des Kalanders geändert wird.For example, it makes sense to measure the power consumption of the drive of the at least one roller or all rollers in an offline calender with, for example, 10 nips. If a significant change, for example periodic change, in the power consumption occurs when one or more rollers are driven, it can be concluded that resonance has started. With the method according to the invention, the starting resonance is counteracted by changing the rotational speed of the rollers of the calender.

Es sind unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten denkbar, die das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren arbeiten kann.There are different possibilities conceivable, which can operate the inventive method.

Nach einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Drehzahl bei Ermittlung von aufkommender und / oder auftretender Resonanz im Schwingungszustand verändert wird. Dies bedingt, dass der Schwingungszustand der Maschine, insbesondere der Walze periodisch ermittelt wird. Bei Aufkommen von Resonanzschwingung setzt die Regelung derart ein, indem aktiv die Drehzahl der zumindest einen Walze auf eine andere Drehzahl eingestellt wird. Wird bei der so eingestellten Drehzahl nach einer Zeit wieder eine Resonanz ermittelt, so wird die Drehzahl wieder auf einen anderen Wert eingestellt und so weiter.According to a first preferred embodiment, it is provided that the rotational speed is changed in the determination of emerging and / or occurring resonance in the vibration state. This requires that the vibration state of the machine, in particular the roller is determined periodically. In the event of resonance oscillation, the regulation starts in such a way that the rotational speed of the at least one roller is actively set to a different rotational speed. If a resonance is determined again after a certain time at the speed set in this way, the speed is again set to another value and so on.

Nach einer zweiten zur ersten Ausführungsform alternativen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Drehzahl der Walze ohne Ermittlung des Schwingungszustandes zeitlich derart verändert wird, dass nicht genügend Energie in die Walze zur Erzeugung von Resonanz eingekoppelt wird. als auslösendes Moment für die Änderung der Drehzahl dient in diesem Fall nicht die Ermittlung einer sich anbahnenden Resonanz. Vielmehr wird in diesem Fall von vorne herein vermieden, dass sich eine Resonanz auch nur ansatzweise einstellen kann, indem der Zeitraum in dem die Walze mit einer festen Drehzahl betrieben wird so kurz ist, so dass im Fall, dass diese Drehzahl eine Eigenschwingungsfrequenz des Systems ist, nicht genügend Energie in das System eingekoppelt werden kann, um eine Resonanz zu erzeugen.According to a second embodiment, which is alternative to the first embodiment, it is provided that the rotational speed of the roller is changed over time without ascertaining the oscillation state such that not enough energy is coupled into the roller to generate resonance. the triggering moment for the change in the speed is not the determination of an impending resonance in this case. Rather, it is avoided in this case from the outset that a resonance can set only slightly by the period in which the roller is operated at a fixed speed is so short, so that in the event that this speed is a natural vibration frequency of the system , not enough energy can be injected into the system to produce a resonance.

In beiden Fällen kann aber die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl und / oder die Zeitdauer der Veränderung der Drehzahl unter Berücksichtigung des ermittelten Schwingungszustandes eingestellt. Die Ermittlung des Schwingungszustandes löst also, im Gegensatz zur oben genannten Ausführungsform nicht eine Drehzahländerung aus, sondern dient zur Ermittlung der Änderungswerte. So ist es bspw. möglich, dass die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl adaptiv an den ermittelten Schwingungszustand angepasst wird, indem bspw. auf Basis des ermittelten Schwingungszustandes abgeschätzt wird, welche Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl notwendig ist, um eine Resonanzaufschwingung zu verhindern.In both cases, however, the size of the change in the rotational speed and / or the duration of the change in the rotational speed can be adjusted taking into account the determined vibration state. The determination of the vibration state thus triggers, in contrast to the above embodiment, not a speed change, but is used to determine the change values. Thus, for example, it is possible for the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed to be adaptively adapted to the determined vibration state, for example by estimating, on the basis of the determined vibration state, the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed necessary to prevent resonant vibration.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass eine Resonanz wirkungsvoll unterbunden werden kann, auch wenn die Schwingungsfrequenz nicht weit von der Eigenschwingungsfrequenz entfernt ist. Eine mögliche Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht deshalb vor, dass die Drehzahl bezüglich einer Ausgangsdrehzahl wiederholend erhöht und / oder reduziert wird. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die Drehzahl der zumindest einen Walze zur effektiven Verhinderung von Resonanz allzu weit von der für die Produktivität optimalen Arbeitsdrehzahl entfernt werden muss.Experiments have shown that resonance can be effectively suppressed, even if the oscillation frequency is not far from the natural vibration frequency. A possible embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the rotational speed is repeatedly increased and / or reduced with respect to an output rotational speed. This ensures that the speed of the at least one roller for the effective prevention of resonance must be removed too far from the optimum for productivity working speed.

Nach einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung erfolgt die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl und / oder die Zeitdauer der Veränderung der Drehzahl stochastisch und / oder chaotisch. D.h. es wird stochastisch oder chaotisch ermittelt, um welchen Betrag sich die Drehzahl in Bezug zu einer Ausgangsdrehzahl oder zu einer mittleren Drehzahl ändert und / oder wie lange die so geänderte Drehzahl bis zur erneuten Änderung aufrechterhalten wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the size of the change in the speed and / or the duration of the change in the speed is stochastic and / or chaotic. That it is determined stochastically or chaotically by what amount the rotational speed changes in relation to an output rotational speed or to an average rotational speed and / or how long the so changed rotational speed is maintained until the renewed change.

Vorzugsweise wird jede Drehzahl möglichst lange konstant gehalten. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht demzufolge vor, dass sich die Drehzahl zeitlich plateauförmig ändert.Preferably, each speed is kept constant as long as possible. A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the speed changes in time plateau.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass sich die Drehzahl zeitlich periodisch, wie bspw. sinusförmig oder sägezahnförmig verändert.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the rotational speed changes periodically in time, such as, for example, sinusoidally or sawtooth-shaped.

Selbstverständlich sind auch Kombinationen von zeitlich plateauförmigen und periodischen Änderungen möglich.Of course, combinations of temporally plateau-shaped and periodic changes are possible.

In diesem Fall ist es möglich ,dass die Amplitude und / oder die Frequenz der sinusförmigen oder sägezahnförmigen Drehzahländerung zeitlich verändert wird.In this case, it is possible that the amplitude and / or the frequency of the sinusoidal or sawtooth speed change is changed over time.

Insbesondere bei Walzenanordnungen, die miteinander Nips bilden, treten die beschriebenen Resonanzschwingungen auf. Ein bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht deshalb vor, dass die Drehzahl von zumindest zwei zumindest einen Nip bildenden Walzen verändert wird.Particularly in the case of roller arrangements which form nips with one another, the described resonance vibrations occur. A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the rotational speed of at least two rolls forming at least one nip is changed.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren findet vorzugsweise Verwendung beim Betreiben von Nip bildenden Walzenanordnungen, insbesondere zumindest einer Presse und /oder einer Leimpresse und / oder einer Offsetpresse und / oder einem Glättwerk und /oder einem Kalander und / oder einem Superkalander.The method according to the invention is preferably used when operating nip-forming roller arrangements, in particular at least one press and / or a size press and / or an offset press and / or a calender and / or a calender and / or a supercalender.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, unterschiedliche Walzen an verschiedenen Stellen der Maschine in das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit einzubeziehen und abhängig von den ermittelten Schwingungen der Maschine, bspw. an einer von den Walzen unterschiedlichen Stelle, die Drehzahl der jeweiligen Walzen jeweils unterschiedlich zu verändern.Of course, it is also possible to include different rollers at different points of the machine in the inventive method and depending on the determined vibrations of the machine, for example. At a different location of the rollers to change the speed of the respective rollers each differently.

Die Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung von Schwingungen in einer Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Verarbeitung einer Materialbahn, insbesondere mit Nip bildenden Walzenpaaren, umfasst eine Regeleinheit zur Einflussnahme auf zumindest eine sich drehende Walze, das ausgelegt ist, um die Drehzahl der Walze wiederholt mit der Zeit zu verändern und eine Messeinrichtung zur Ermittlung des Schwingungszustandes der Maschine, insbesondere der Walze, die mit der Regeleinheit gekoppelt ist.The device for reducing vibrations in a machine for producing and / or processing a material web, in particular with nip-forming roller pairs, comprises a control unit for influencing at least one rotating roller which is designed to repeatedly increase the rotational speed of the roller over time and a measuring device for determining the vibration state of the machine, in particular the roller, which is coupled to the control unit.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass die Regeleinheit mit der Messeinrichtung derart gekoppelt ist, dass die Drehzahl bei Ermittlung von aufkommenden und / oder auftretenden Resonanzen im Schwingungszustand verändert wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention it is provided that the control unit is coupled to the measuring device such that the speed is changed in the determination of emerging and / or occurring resonances in the vibrational state.

Nach einer anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass die Regeleinheit mit der Messeinrichtung derart gekoppelt ist, dass die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl und / oder die Zeitdauer der Veränderung der Drehzahl unter Berücksichtigung des ermittelten Schwingungszustandes erfolgt.According to another preferred development of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the control unit is coupled to the measuring device in such a way that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and / or the time duration of the change in the rotational speed takes into account the determined vibration state.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit der das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchführbar ist,
Fig. 2
verschiedene Verläufe von Drehzahländerungen bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a device according to the invention with which the method according to the invention can be carried out,
Fig. 2
different courses of speed changes in the implementation of the inventive method.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung 1 zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Reduzierung von Schwingungen in einer Maschine zur Herstellung und / oder Verarbeitung einer Materialbahn. In der Figur 1 ist ein durch Walzen 2 und 3 gebildetes Walzenpaar zu erkennen, welches einen Nip 4 zwischen sich einschließt. Das Walzenpaar 2, 3 ist an einer schematisch gezeigten Stuhlung 5 der Maschine angeordnet. Die beiden Walzen 2 und 3 werden jeweils durch eine Antriebseinrichtung 7 bzw. 8 angetrieben. Die beiden Antriebseinrichtungen 7 und 8 werden durch eine Regeleinheit 9 geregelt, welches mit Drehzahlsensoren 10 und 11 kommuniziert, die jeweils mit einer der Walzen 2 und 3 wechselwirken.The FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for carrying out the method according to the invention for reducing vibrations in a machine for producing and / or processing a material web. In the FIG. 1 is a roll pair formed by rollers 2 and 3 to recognize, which includes a nip 4 between them. The pair of rollers 2, 3 is arranged on a schematically shown stiffening 5 of the machine. The two rollers 2 and 3 are each driven by a drive device 7 and 8 respectively. The two drive devices 7 and 8 are controlled by a control unit 9, which communicates with speed sensors 10 and 11, which interact with one of the rollers 2 and 3 respectively.

Die Vorrichtung 1 weist eine Messeinrichtung 6 zur Ermittlung des Schwingungszustandes der Maschine, insbesondere der Walzen 2 und 3 und der Stuhlung 5 auf.The device 1 has a measuring device 6 for determining the vibration state of the machine, in particular the rollers 2 and 3 and the stiffening 5.

Bei den beiden Walzen 2 und 3 wird deren Schwingungszustand aus der Leistungsaufnahme der Antriebe 7 und 8 ermittelt, wobei aus einer periodischen Änderung der Leistungsaufnahme der beiden Antriebe 7 und 8 auf den Beginn einer Resonanzaufschwingung geschlossen werden kann. Zusätzlich, dies ist im vorliegenden Fall optional, kann der Schwingungszustand der Maschine mittels eines an der Stuhlung 5 angebrachten Vibrationssensors 12 ermittelt werden.In the case of the two rollers 2 and 3, their vibration state is determined from the power consumption of the drives 7 and 8, it being possible to deduce the beginning of a resonant oscillation from a periodic change in the power consumption of the two drives 7 and 8. In addition, this is optional in the present case, the vibration state of the machine can be determined by means of a mounted on the chair 5 vibration sensor 12.

Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Reduzierung der Schwingungen die Drehzahl der beiden Walzen 2 und 3 wiederholt mit der Zeit verändert. Dies geschieht in der in der Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform durch zeitliche Änderung der Leistungsabgabe der Regeleinheit 9 an die beiden Antriebe 7 und 8, wobei die hierdurch erreichte Drehzahl durch die beiden Drehzahlsensoren 10 und 11 überwacht wird.According to the invention, the rotational speed of the two rollers 2 and 3 is repeatedly changed over time to reduce the vibrations. This happens in the in the FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment by temporal change in the power output of the control unit 9 to the two drives 7 and 8, wherein the speed thus achieved is monitored by the two speed sensors 10 and 11.

Die Messeinrichtung 6 ist mit der Regeleinheit 9 derart gekoppelt, dass die Drehzahl der beiden Walzen 2 und 3 bei Ermittlung von aufkommenden und / oder auftretenden Resonanzen im Schwingungszustand der Walzen 2 und 3 und der Stuhlung 5 verändert wird. D.h. im vorliegenden Fall findet eine Veränderung der Drehzahl der beiden Walzen 2 und 3 durch die Regeleinheit 9 immer dann statt, wenn der von der Messeinrichtung 6 ermittelte Schwingungszustand auf eine Resonanz oder auf eine sich anbahnende Resonanz schließen lässt.The measuring device 6 is coupled to the control unit 9 such that the rotational speed of the two rollers 2 and 3 is changed in the determination of emerging and / or occurring resonances in the vibration state of the rollers 2 and 3 and the stiffening 5. That In the present case, a change in the rotational speed of the two rollers 2 and 3 by the control unit 9 always takes place when the determined by the measuring device 6 vibrational state can conclude to a resonance or to an imminent resonance.

Alternativ dazu könnte die Drehzahl der Walzen 2 und 3 unabhängig von der Ermittlung von Resonanz im Schwingungszustandes zeitlich derart verändert werden, dass nicht genügend Energie in die Walze zur Erzeugung von Resonanz eingekoppelt wird.Alternatively, the speed of the rollers 2 and 3 could be varied in time independently of the determination of resonance in the vibration state, that not enough energy is coupled into the roller for generating resonance.

Zusätzlich sind die Regeleinheit 9 und die Messeinrichtung 6 derart gekoppelt, dass die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl und / oder die Zeitdauer der Veränderung der Drehzahl unter Berücksichtigung des ermittelten Schwingungszustandes erfolgt.In addition, the control unit 9 and the measuring device 6 are coupled such that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and / or the time duration of the change in the rotational speed takes place taking into account the determined vibration state.

Alternativ dazu könnte auch die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl und / oder die Zeitdauer der Veränderung der Drehzahl stochastisch und / oder chaotisch erfolgen.Alternatively, the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and / or the duration of the change in the rotational speed could also be stochastic and / or chaotic.

Bei dem in der Figur 1 dargestellten Walzenpaar 2 und 3 kann es sich bspw. um ein Walzenpaar in einer Presse oder in einer Leimpresse oder in einer Offsetpresse oder in einem Glättwerk oder in einem Kalander oder in einem Superkalander handeln.In the in the FIG. 1 Roller pair 2 and 3 shown may be, for example, a pair of rollers in a press or in a size press or in an offset press or in a calender or in a calender or in a supercalender.

Handelt es sich bspw. um Kalander, so ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren selbstverständlich auf die Regelung von 10 oder mehr Walzen, wie bspw. bei einem 10 Nip Kalander ausdehnbar ohne den Gegenstand der Erfindung zu verlassen.If, for example, calenders are concerned, then the method according to the invention is, of course, expandable to the control of 10 or more rolls, such as, for example, in the case of a calender 10 Nip without departing from the subject matter of the invention.

In Figur 2 sind verschiedene Verläufe von Drehzahländerungen nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dargestellt. Das ursprüngliche Leistungsabgabesignal wird jeweils mit einem Korrektursignal beaufschlagt, so dass von der Regeleinheit 9 an die Antriebe 7 und 8 eine Leistungsabgabe derart erfolgt, dass die beiden Walzen 2 und 3 einen der beiden in den Figuren 2a oder 2b dargestellten Drehzahlverläufe aufweisen. Der Einfachheit halber ist die ursprüngliche Drehzahl als über die Zeit gleich bleibend angenommen und erstreckt sich mit einem Wert ñ bezeichnet entlang der Zeitachse der Figuren 2a, 2b und 2c.In FIG. 2 different courses of speed changes are shown by the method according to the invention. The original power output signal is applied in each case with a correction signal, so that from the control unit 9 to the drives 7 and 8, a power output is such that the two rollers 2 and 3 one of the two in the Figures 2a or 2b have shown speed curves. For the sake of simplicity, the original speed is assumed to be constant over time and extends along the time axis of the value ñ Figures 2a, 2b and 2c ,

Der in der Figur 2a dargestellte sinusförmige zeitliche Drehzahlverlauf wird durch ein sinusförmiges Korrektursig nal generiert, wobei sich auch die Amplitude und die Frequenz der sinusförmigen Drehzahländerung zeitlich verändert. Wie bereits erläutert, erfolgt die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl (hier: Amplitude) und die Zeitdauer der Veränderung der Drehzahl (hier: Frequenz) unter Berücksichtigung des ermittelten Schwingungszustandes. Des weiteren erkennt man, dass zumindest im zeitlich anfänglichen Drehzahlverlauf der Figur 2a sich die Drehzahl bezüglich der ursprünglichen Ausgangsdrehzahl erhöht und reduziert. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Drehzahl auch, wie mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnet, für eine längere Zeit auf einem Plateau konstant gehalten, falls keine Energieeinkopplung erfolgt.The Indian FIG. 2a illustrated sinusoidal temporal speed curve is generated by a sinusoidal Korrektursig signal, wherein the amplitude and the frequency of the sinusoidal speed change changes over time. As already explained, the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed (in this case: amplitude) and the duration of the change in the rotational speed (here: frequency) takes place in consideration of the determined oscillation state. Furthermore, one recognizes that at least in the temporally initial speed curve of FIG. 2a the speed increases and decreases with respect to the original output speed. According to the invention, the rotational speed is also kept constant at a plateau for a relatively long time, as indicated by the reference numeral 1, if there is no energy injection.

Bei dem in der Figur 2b dargestellten zeitlichen Drehzahlverlauf handelt es sich um einen sägezahnförmigen Verlauf. Der Drehzahlverlauf wird durch ein sägezahnförmiges Korrektursignal generiert, mit welchem das ursprüngliche Ausgangssignal, analog zu Figur 2a, beaufschlagt wird. Im vorliegenden Fall werden die Amplitude und die Frequenz der sägezahnförmigen Drehzahländerung zeitlich verändert.In the in the FIG. 2b shown temporal speed curve is a sawtooth course. The speed curve is generated by a sawtooth-shaped correction signal, with which the original output signal, analogous to FIG. 2a , is charged. In the present case, the amplitude and the frequency of the sawtooth speed change are changed over time.

Die Figur 2c zeigt einen weiteren möglichen zeitlichen Drehzahlverlauf, bei dem sich die Drehzahl plateauförmig, d.h. von einem konstanten Drehzahlniveau zu einem anderen konstanten Drehzahlniveau ändert. Die Änderung kann hierbei sprungartig oder in Form einer flachen oder steilen Drehzahländerungsrampe erfolgen. Ein plateauförmiger Drehzahlverlauf kann bspw. dann erreicht werden, wenn die Größe der Veränderung der Drehzahl unter Berücksichtigung des ermittelten Schwingungszustandes erfolgt, so dass eine neue Drehzahl gefunden wird deren Niveau möglichst lange gehalten werden kann.The Figure 2c shows a further possible temporal speed curve, in which the speed is plateau-shaped, that changes from a constant speed level to another constant speed level. The change can be sudden or in the form of a flat or steep speed change ramp. A plateau-shaped speed curve can be achieved, for example, when the magnitude of the change in rotational speed takes place taking into account the determined vibration state, so that a new rotational speed is found whose level can be kept as long as possible.

Claims (18)

  1. Method for reducing vibrations in a machine for producing and/or finishing a material web, in particular with pairs of rolls forming a nip, in which suitable measures for reducing the vibrations are carried out by acting on at least one rotating roll, characterized in that the suitable measures comprise changing the rotational speed of the roll repeatedly over time.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the state of vibration of the machine, in particular of the roll, is determined.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state of vibration of the roll is determined from the power consumption of the drive of the roll and/or by means of displacement and/or speed and/or acceleration sensors.
  4. Method according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rotational speed is changed when incipient and/or occurring resonances in the state of vibration are determined.
  5. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rotational speed of the roll is changed over time, without determining the state of vibration, by insufficient energy for the production of resonance being injected into the roll.
  6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotational speed is increased and/or reduced with respect to an initial rotational speed.
  7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and/or the duration of the change in the rotational speed is set stochastically and/or chaotically.
  8. Method according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and/or the duration of the change in the rotational speed is set by taking into account the determined state of vibration.
  9. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotational speed changes in the manner of a plateau over time.
  10. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the rotational speed jumps from one plateau to a different plateau.
  11. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the rotational speed changes periodically over time.
  12. Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the rotational speed changes in the manner of a sawtooth or sinusoidally.
  13. Method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the amplitude and/or the frequency of the sinusoidal or sawtooth-like change in rotational speed is changed over time.
  14. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the rotational speed of at least two rolls forming at least one nip is changed.
  15. Use of the method according to one of the preceding claims during the operation of roll arrangements forming a nip, in particular at least a press and/or a size press and/or an offset press and/or a smoothing unit and/or a calender and/or a supercalender.
  16. Device for reducing vibrations in a machine for producing and/or finishing a material web, in particular with pairs of rolls forming a nip, having a control system for exerting an influence on at least one rotating roll, and having a measuring device for determining the state of vibration of the machine, in particular of the roll, which is coupled to the control system, characterized in that, by means of the control system, the rotational speed of the roll can be changed repeatedly over time.
  17. Device according to Claim 16, characterized in that the control system is coupled to the measuring device in such a way that the rotational speed is changed when incipient and/or occurring resonances in the state of vibration are determined.
  18. Device according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the control system is coupled to the measuring device in such a way that the magnitude of the change in the rotational speed and/or the duration of the change in the rotational speed is set by taking into account the determined state of vibration.
EP06110274A 2005-05-18 2006-02-22 Method and device for reducing vibrations in paper machines Not-in-force EP1746204B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102005022874A DE102005022874A1 (en) 2005-05-18 2005-05-18 Vibration reduction in machines such as presses or calenders having nip-forming rollers uses measures involving repeatedly varying the rotational speed of the rollers

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EP1746204A3 EP1746204A3 (en) 2007-06-27
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DE102006031022A1 (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Voith Patent Gmbh vibration damping
DE102007022241A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-27 Voith Patent Gmbh Method and device for compensation of periodic torque fluctuations
DE102007041931A1 (en) * 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Voith Patent Gmbh roll arrangement
DE102007055850A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Method and device for suppressing vibrations and / or variations in a paper machine
DE102008040174C5 (en) * 2008-07-04 2013-05-23 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating a machine with at least one rotating component
DE102010041615A1 (en) * 2010-09-29 2012-03-29 Voith Patent Gmbh Method of operating a calender

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US5768985A (en) * 1995-12-11 1998-06-23 Valmet Corporation Method for preventing vibrations of a roll set
US5961899A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-10-05 Lord Corporation Vibration control apparatus and method for calender rolls and the like

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EP1746204A3 (en) 2007-06-27
ATE398704T1 (en) 2008-07-15
EP1746204A2 (en) 2007-01-24
DE102005022874A1 (en) 2006-11-23

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