EP1743152A1 - Bearing deformation sensor comprising two stress gauges - Google Patents

Bearing deformation sensor comprising two stress gauges

Info

Publication number
EP1743152A1
EP1743152A1 EP05769762A EP05769762A EP1743152A1 EP 1743152 A1 EP1743152 A1 EP 1743152A1 EP 05769762 A EP05769762 A EP 05769762A EP 05769762 A EP05769762 A EP 05769762A EP 1743152 A1 EP1743152 A1 EP 1743152A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gauges
bearing according
amplitude
deformations
bearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05769762A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christophe Duret
Olivier Blanchin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN SNR Roulements SA
Original Assignee
Societe Nouvelle de Roulements SNR SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nouvelle de Roulements SNR SA filed Critical Societe Nouvelle de Roulements SNR SA
Publication of EP1743152A1 publication Critical patent/EP1743152A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • G01L5/0019—Force sensors associated with a bearing by using strain gages, piezoelectric, piezo-resistive or other ohmic-resistance based sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/522—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to load on the bearing, e.g. bearings with load sensors or means to protect the bearing against overload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement

Definitions

  • Strain sensor bearing comprising two strain gauges
  • the invention relates to a bearing comprising a fixed ring, a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies arranged in a raceway which is formed between said rings so as to allow their relative rotation.
  • the fixed ring being integral with the chassis of said vehicle and the wheel being associated with the rotating ring.
  • the fixed ring which is the first connecting member between the wheel and the chassis, is in particular used as a support for determining the forces which are exerted at the interface between the wheel and the roadway when the vehicle is moving.
  • the forces can be determined by measuring the deformations of the fixed ring which are induced by the passage of the rolling bodies.
  • the amplitude of these deformations is representative of the forces to be determined.
  • the deformation signal depends on the speed of rotation. In particular, the quality of the measurement at low speed is insufficient and the determination is only available after measurement of the deformations induced by the passage of at least two successive rolling bodies.
  • the invention aims in particular to remedy this problem by proposing a bearing comprising a system for determining the amplitude of the deformations of the fixed ring, said system being arranged to carry out a spatial interpolation of the deformation signal so as to have, at all instant and independently of the speed of rotation, a measurement of the deformations and therefore allow the determination of the forces.
  • the invention provides a bearing comprising a fixed ring, a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies arranged in a raceway which is formed between said rings so as to allow their relative rotation, said rolling bodies being equally distributed in the raceway with an angular difference ⁇ , said bearing comprising at least one system for determining the amplitude A of pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of an area of the fixed ring which are induced during rotation, the system for determining including:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bearing showing the gauges of four systems for determining the amplitude of pseudo sinusoidal deformations, said gauges being respectively arranged on a zone of the fixed ring;
  • FIG. 2 is a functional representation of a first embodiment of a determination system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional representation of a second embodiment of a determination system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation, on the fixed ring of the bearing of Figure 1, the positioning of the gauges relative to the angular distance between the rolling bodies.
  • the invention relates to a bearing comprising a fixed ring 1, a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies 2 arranged in a raceway 3 which is formed between said rings so as to allow the relative rotation of said rings.
  • the fixed ring 1 is intended to be associated with a fixed structure and the rotating ring is intended to be associated with a rotating member.
  • the bearing is a wheel bearing for a motor vehicle, the fixed structure being the chassis of said vehicle and the rotating member being the wheel.
  • a wheel bearing is described comprising two rows of balls 2 which are arranged coaxially in a raceway 3 respectively provided between the fixed outer ring 1 and the rotating inner ring.
  • the fixed ring 1 is provided with means for fixing to the chassis which are formed by a flange 4 comprising four radial projections 5 in which an axial hole 6 is made to allow fixing by screwing.
  • the balls 2 are equally distributed in the raceway 3 with an angular difference ⁇ which is also called the spatial period.
  • the distance between the balls 2 is maintained by placing them in a cage.
  • the invention aims to allow the determination of the amplitude of the deformations of at least one zone 7 of the fixed ring 1, so as to be able to deduce therefrom the forces which apply to the interface between the wheel and the road on which said wheel turns.
  • the passage of the balls 2 in the raceway 3 induces compression and relaxation of the fixed ring 1.
  • the fixed ring 1 is subjected to periodic deformation which can be approximated by a sinusoid .
  • pseudo sinusoidal deformations we will speak of pseudo sinusoidal deformations to designate the deformations of the fixed ring 1 during rotation.
  • the pseudo sinusoidal deformation is characterized by an amplitude which depends on the loads undergone by the bearing and therefore on the forces which apply to the interface, and a frequency which is proportional to the speed of rotation of the rotating ring as well as to the number balls 2.
  • the bearing comprises at least one system for determining the amplitude A of the pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of a zone 7 of the fixed ring 1 which are induced during rotation, said system comprising two strain gauges 8.
  • the gauges 8 are each capable of delivering a signal which is a function of the deformation which it undergoes. As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the gauges 8 are distributed over the area 7 along a line which extends in the general direction of rotation. In particular, the gauges 8 which are arranged on a zone 7 of substantially flat deformation and centered on said zone so as to be spaced from the raceway by an equal distance.
  • the determination system further comprises a device 9 for measuring two signals Vj which are respectively a function of the temporal variations of the signal emitted by each gauge 8 during rotation, said device being able to form, by combination of the signals Vj, two signals respectively SIN and COS of the same angle and the same amplitude, said amplitude being a function of A.
  • the gauges 8 are based on resistive elements, in particular piezoresistive or magnetostrictive, so as to each have an electrical resistance Ri which varies as a function of the deformations undergone by said gauge 8.
  • the gauges 8 may comprise either a block of several resistors which are combined to obtain an average resistance value which is representative of the resistance value at the position of the block, ie a single resistance.
  • the measuring device 9 comprises a current loop mounting between the two gauges 8 and a reference resistor R re f whose value is fixed as a function of the deformations undergone by the area 7.
  • the circuit further comprises a stage of differential amplifiers 11 which are arranged so as to obtain signals Vj.
  • ⁇ Rj can be obtained in the case where the gauges 8 are equidistant from the raceway.
  • at least one differential amplifier 11 has an adjustable gain so as to equalize the two amplitudes mentioned above.
  • a measuring device 9 which makes it possible to obtain SIN and COS signals whatever the value of the spatial phase shift ⁇ between the gauges 8.
  • the measuring device comprises two stages of differential amplifiers 11, the first stage being analogous to that of the first embodiment of FIG. 2, and the second stage comprises two differential amplifiers 11 so as to deliver the signals ⁇ - V 2 and Vi + V 2 .
  • Vi + V 2 [2GAR cos ( ⁇ ) x sin ( ⁇ t + /.
  • the amplitude of the signals (V ⁇ - V 2 ) and (V ⁇ + V 2 ) is different.
  • at least one differential amplifier of the second stage has an adjustable gain.
  • - V 2 ) can be adjusted to cos (-) / sin (-). ..
  • the arrangement of the bearing shown in which the gauges 8 are arranged on a substrate 12 which is fixed to the deformation zone 7 of the fixed ring 1 is described.
  • the substrate 12 is rigidly fixed to the ring fixed 1, for example by gluing or welding, so that it also has the function of transmitting the deformations between the fixed ring 1 and the gauges 8.
  • gauges 8 described above are based on resistive elements
  • other gauges 8 for example sensors chosen from surface acoustic wave sensors and magnetic field sensors, can be used in the context of the invention provided that they deliver a signal depending on a deformation.
  • the magnetic field sensors can be based on sensitive elements of the magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, Hall effect, magnetoresistance with tunnel effect, magnetostrictive layers.
  • the gauges 8 are screen printed in a thick layer on the substrate 12, for example ceramic.
  • a hybrid circuit type technology makes it possible to integrate the measuring device 9 and the calculating device 10 on the substrate 12.
  • the screen printing allows a good adjustment of the value of the resistances as well as a good sensitivity to deformations, while ensuring precise positioning of the resistors on the substrate 12.
  • the reference resistance R re f can be screen printed on an unsolicited area of the substrate 12 or be insensitive to stress, for example formed of a discrete component, so as to present a fixed value as a function deformations undergone by the zone 7 while exhibiting the same temperature drift as the resistors Rj.
  • the deformation zone 7 is machined so as to be substantially flat and to extend above the two rows of balls 2.
  • the gauges 8 are not equidistant from the raceway 3, so that the amplitude of the deformation measured is a function of the gauge 8 considered.
  • the gains of the differential amplifiers 11 can be adjusted to equalize the amplitude of the output signals.
  • the gauges 8 of two determination systems are integrated on the same substrate 12 so, in the vicinity of each raceway 3, that at least one determination system is provided for determining the amplitude of the deformations of zone 7.
  • the gauges 8 are arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed ring 1, substantially facing each of the raceways 3 so as to increase the intensity of the signals to be measured.
  • the substrate 12 carrying the gauges 8 makes it possible to determine the amplitude of the deformations induced respectively by essentially a row of balls 2, and this in the same axial plane.
  • the positioning of the gauges 8 is not critical according to the invention, which makes it possible to greatly simplify the step of fixing the determination system on the fixed ring 1.
  • the bearing can comprise at least three (eight in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1: four visible and four arranged symmetrically at the rear of the bearing) systems for determining the amplitude of the deformations of a zone 7 of the ring respectively fixed 1, said systems being connected or intended to be connected to a computer capable of calculating, as a function of the determined amplitudes, the forces applied during rotation on the fixed ring 1 and / or on an element integral with the rotating ring.
  • a computer is described in document FR-2 839 553 from the applicant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing, comprising at least one system for determining the amplitude (A) of pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of a region (7) of the fixed ring (1), generated on rotation, the system for determination comprising two stress gauges (8), a measuring device (9), for the two signals (V), which are respectively a function of the variations over time of the signals provided by each gauge (8) on rotation, said device forming, by combination of the signals Vi, two signals which are respectively the SIN and COS of the same angle with the same amplitude, said amplitude being a function of A and a device (10) for calculation of the amplitude A of the deformations in the region (7) as a function of time, said device being embodied to calculate the formula SIN<2> + COS<2> such as to give the amplitude A.

Description

Roulement capteur de déformations comprenant deux jauges de contraintes Strain sensor bearing comprising two strain gauges
L'invention concerne un roulement comprenant une bague fixe, une bague tournante et au moins une rangée de corps roulants disposés dans un chemin de roulement qui est formé entre lesdites bagues de sorte à permettre leur rotation relative.The invention relates to a bearing comprising a fixed ring, a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies arranged in a raceway which is formed between said rings so as to allow their relative rotation.
Elle s'applique typiquement à des roulements de roue de véhicule automobile, la bague fixe étant solidaire du châssis dudit véhicule et la roue étant associée à la bague tournante.It typically applies to motor vehicle wheel bearings, the fixed ring being integral with the chassis of said vehicle and the wheel being associated with the rotating ring.
Lorsque l'on souhaite connaître les efforts qui s'appliquent à l'interface entre la roue et la chaussée sur laquelle ladite roue tourne, il est connu de mesurer lesdits efforts au niveau du pneu ou au niveau du châssis. Toutefois, la mesure au niveau du pneu pose des problèmes importants de transmission du signal entre le référentiel tournant du pneu et un référentiel fixe de calcul, ledit référentiel tournant devant, en outre, être positionné en permanence par rapport audit référentiel fixe de sorte à pouvoir réaliser les calculs. Concernant la mesure au niveau du châssis, elle est rendue difficile par la répartition des efforts entre les différents organes qui relient la roue audit châssis.When it is desired to know the forces which apply to the interface between the wheel and the roadway on which said wheel turns, it is known to measure said forces at the tire or at the chassis. However, measurement at the level of the tire poses significant problems of signal transmission between the rotating tire reference frame and a fixed calculation reference frame, said rotating reference frame having to be furthermore permanently positioned relative to said fixed reference frame so as to be able to perform the calculations. Concerning the measurement at the level of the chassis, it is made difficult by the distribution of the forces between the various members which connect the wheel to said chassis.
Par conséquent, comme proposé dans les documents FR-2 839 553 et FR-2 812 356, la bague fixe, qui est le premier organe de liaison entre la roue et le châssis, est notamment utilisée en tant que support pour la détermination des efforts qui s'exercent à l'interface entre la roue et la chaussée lors des déplacements du véhicule.Consequently, as proposed in documents FR-2 839 553 and FR-2 812 356, the fixed ring, which is the first connecting member between the wheel and the chassis, is in particular used as a support for determining the forces which are exerted at the interface between the wheel and the roadway when the vehicle is moving.
En particulier, la détermination des efforts peut être réalisée par mesure des déformations de la bague fixe qui sont induites par le passage des corps roulants. En effet, l'amplitude de ces déformations est représentative des efforts à déterminer. L'un des problèmes qui se pose avec une telle stratégie de détermination des efforts est que le signal de déformation dépend de la vitesse de rotation. En particulier, la qualité de la mesure à faible vitesse est insuffisante et la détermination n'est disponible qu'après mesure des déformations induites par le passage d'au moins deux corps roulants successifs.In particular, the forces can be determined by measuring the deformations of the fixed ring which are induced by the passage of the rolling bodies. Indeed, the amplitude of these deformations is representative of the forces to be determined. One of the problems which arises with such a force determination strategy is that the deformation signal depends on the speed of rotation. In particular, the quality of the measurement at low speed is insufficient and the determination is only available after measurement of the deformations induced by the passage of at least two successive rolling bodies.
Par conséquent, ce problème est d'autant plus critique que la mesure d'efforts doit être réalisée en temps réel ou avec un minimum de retard, tel que cela est nécessaire pour les systèmes de contrôle de la dynamique du véhicule comme par exemple l'ABS ou l'ESP.Consequently, this problem is all the more critical since the effort measurement must be carried out in real time or with a minimum of delay, as is necessary for the systems for controlling the dynamics of the vehicle such as for example the ABS or ESP.
L'invention vise notamment à remédier à ce problème en proposant un roulement comprenant un système de détermination de l'amplitude des déformations de la bague fixe, ledit système étant agencé pour réaliser une interpolation spatiale du signal de déformation de sorte à avoir, à tout instant et indépendamment de la vitesse de rotation, une mesure des déformations et donc permettre la détermination des efforts.The invention aims in particular to remedy this problem by proposing a bearing comprising a system for determining the amplitude of the deformations of the fixed ring, said system being arranged to carry out a spatial interpolation of the deformation signal so as to have, at all instant and independently of the speed of rotation, a measurement of the deformations and therefore allow the determination of the forces.
A cet effet, l'invention propose un roulement comprenant une bague fixe, une bague tournante et au moins une rangée de corps roulants disposés dans un chemin de roulement qui est formé entre lesdites bagues de sorte à permettre leur rotation relative, lesdits corps roulants étant équirépartis dans le chemin de roulement avec un écart angulaire λ, ledit roulement comprenant au moins un système de détermination de l'amplitude A des déformations pseudo sinusoïdales d'une zone de la bague fixe qui sont induites lors de la rotation, le système de détermination comprenant :To this end, the invention provides a bearing comprising a fixed ring, a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies arranged in a raceway which is formed between said rings so as to allow their relative rotation, said rolling bodies being equally distributed in the raceway with an angular difference λ, said bearing comprising at least one system for determining the amplitude A of pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of an area of the fixed ring which are induced during rotation, the system for determining including:
- deux jauges de contraintes délivrant chacune un signal fonction de la déformation subie par ladite jauge ;- two strain gauges each delivering a signal as a function of the deformation undergone by said gauge;
- un dispositif de mesure de deux signaux Vj qui sont fonction respectivement des variations temporelles du signal émis par chaque jauge lors de la rotation, ledit dispositif étant apte à former, par combinaison des signaux Vj, deux signaux respectivement SIN et COS de même angle et de même amplitude, ladite amplitude étant fonction de A ; - un dispositif de calcul de l'amplitude A des déformations de la zone en fonction du temps, ledit dispositif étant agencé pour calculer l'expression SIN2 + COS2 de sorte à en déduire l'amplitude A.a device for measuring two signals Vj which are respectively a function of the temporal variations of the signal emitted by each gauge during rotation, said device being capable of forming, by combination of the signals Vj, two signals respectively SIN and COS of the same angle and of the same amplitude, said amplitude being a function of A; a device for calculating the amplitude A of the deformations of the zone as a function of time, said device being arranged to calculate the expression SIN 2 + COS 2 so as to deduce therefrom the amplitude A.
D'autres objets et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui suit, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear during the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un roulement montrant les jauges de quatre systèmes de détermination de l'amplitude des déformations pseudo sinusoïdales, lesdites jauges étant respectivement disposées sur une zone de la bague fixe ;- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bearing showing the gauges of four systems for determining the amplitude of pseudo sinusoidal deformations, said gauges being respectively arranged on a zone of the fixed ring;
- la figure 2 est une représentation fonctionnelle d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un système de détermination selon l'invention ;- Figure 2 is a functional representation of a first embodiment of a determination system according to the invention;
- la figure 3 est une représentation fonctionnelle d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un système de détermination selon l'invention ;- Figure 3 is a functional representation of a second embodiment of a determination system according to the invention;
- la figure 4 est une représentation schématique, sur la bague fixe du roulement de la figure 1 , du positionnement des jauges par rapport à l'écart angulaire entre les corps roulants.- Figure 4 is a schematic representation, on the fixed ring of the bearing of Figure 1, the positioning of the gauges relative to the angular distance between the rolling bodies.
L'invention concerne un roulement comprenant une bague fixe 1, une bague tournante et au moins une rangée de corps roulants 2 disposés dans un chemin de roulement 3 qui est formé entre lesdites bagues de sorte à permettre la rotation relative desdites bagues.The invention relates to a bearing comprising a fixed ring 1, a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies 2 arranged in a raceway 3 which is formed between said rings so as to allow the relative rotation of said rings.
La bague fixe 1 est destinée à être associée à une structure fixe et la bague tournante est destinée à être associée à un organe tournant. Dans une application particulière le roulement est un roulement de roue de véhicule automobile, la structure fixe étant le châssis dudit véhicule et l'organe tournant étant la roue. En relation avec les figures 1 et 4, on décrit un tel roulement de roue comprenant deux rangées de billes 2 qui sont disposées coaxialement dans respectivement un chemin de roulement 3 prévu entre la bague extérieure fixe 1 et la bague intérieure tournante. Par ailleurs, la bague fixe 1 est pourvue de moyens de fixation au châssis qui sont formés d'une bride 4 comprenant quatre saillies radiales 5 dans lesquelles un trou axial 6 est réalisé pour permettre la fixation par vissage.The fixed ring 1 is intended to be associated with a fixed structure and the rotating ring is intended to be associated with a rotating member. In a particular application, the bearing is a wheel bearing for a motor vehicle, the fixed structure being the chassis of said vehicle and the rotating member being the wheel. In relation to FIGS. 1 and 4, such a wheel bearing is described comprising two rows of balls 2 which are arranged coaxially in a raceway 3 respectively provided between the fixed outer ring 1 and the rotating inner ring. Furthermore, the fixed ring 1 is provided with means for fixing to the chassis which are formed by a flange 4 comprising four radial projections 5 in which an axial hole 6 is made to allow fixing by screwing.
Comme représenté sur la figure 4, les billes 2 sont équiréparties dans le chemin de roulement 3 avec un écart angulaire λ qui est également appelé période spatiale. Selon une réalisation connue, l'écart entre les billes 2 est maintenu en disposant celles-ci dans une cage.As shown in FIG. 4, the balls 2 are equally distributed in the raceway 3 with an angular difference λ which is also called the spatial period. According to a known embodiment, the distance between the balls 2 is maintained by placing them in a cage.
L'invention vise à permettre la détermination de l'amplitude des déformations d'au moins une zone 7 de la bague fixe 1 , de sorte à pouvoir en déduire les efforts qui s'appliquent à l'interface entre la roue et la chaussée sur laquelle ladite roue tourne.The invention aims to allow the determination of the amplitude of the deformations of at least one zone 7 of the fixed ring 1, so as to be able to deduce therefrom the forces which apply to the interface between the wheel and the road on which said wheel turns.
En effet, le passage des billes 2 dans le chemin de roulement 3 induit une compression et une relaxation de la bague fixe 1. Ainsi, lors de la rotation, la bague fixe 1 est soumise à une déformation périodique qui peut être approximée par une sinusoïde. Dans la suite de la description, on parlera de déformations pseudo sinusoïdales pour désigner les déformations de la bague fixe 1 lors de la rotation.Indeed, the passage of the balls 2 in the raceway 3 induces compression and relaxation of the fixed ring 1. Thus, during rotation, the fixed ring 1 is subjected to periodic deformation which can be approximated by a sinusoid . In the following description, we will speak of pseudo sinusoidal deformations to designate the deformations of the fixed ring 1 during rotation.
La déformation pseudo sinusoïdale est caractérisée par une amplitude qui dépend des charges subies par le roulement et donc des efforts qui s'appliquent à l'interface, et une fréquence qui est proportionnelle à la vitesse de rotation de la bague tournante ainsi qu'au nombre de billes 2.The pseudo sinusoidal deformation is characterized by an amplitude which depends on the loads undergone by the bearing and therefore on the forces which apply to the interface, and a frequency which is proportional to the speed of rotation of the rotating ring as well as to the number balls 2.
Bien que la description soit réalisée en relation avec un roulement de roue comprenant deux rangées de billes 2 pour lesquelles on détermine indépendamment l'amplitude des déformations, celle-ci est directement transposable par l'homme du métier à un autre type de roulement et/ou dans une autre application dans laquelle on souhaiterait déterminer l'amplitude des déformations pseudo sinusoïdales d'au moins une zone 7 de la bague fixe 1.Although the description is made in relation to a wheel bearing comprising two rows of balls 2 for which the amplitude of the deformations is independently determined, this is directly transposable by a person skilled in the art to another type of bearing and / or in another application in which it is desired to determine the amplitude of the pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of at least one zone 7 of the fixed ring 1.
Selon l'invention, le roulement comprend au moins un système de détermination de l'amplitude A des déformations pseudo sinusoïdales d'une zone 7 de la bague fixe 1 qui sont induites lors de la rotation, ledit système comprenant deux jauges de contraintes 8.According to the invention, the bearing comprises at least one system for determining the amplitude A of the pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of a zone 7 of the fixed ring 1 which are induced during rotation, said system comprising two strain gauges 8.
Les jauges 8 sont chacune apte à délivrer un signal fonction de la déformation qu'elle subit. Comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 4, les jauges 8 sont réparties sur la zone 7 selon une ligne qui s'étend dans la direction générale de la rotation. En particulier, les jauges 8 qui sont disposées sur une zone 7 de déformation sensiblement plane et centrées sur ladite zone de sorte à être espacées du chemin de roulement d'une distance égale.The gauges 8 are each capable of delivering a signal which is a function of the deformation which it undergoes. As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the gauges 8 are distributed over the area 7 along a line which extends in the general direction of rotation. In particular, the gauges 8 which are arranged on a zone 7 of substantially flat deformation and centered on said zone so as to be spaced from the raceway by an equal distance.
Le système de détermination comprend en outre un dispositif de mesure 9 de deux signaux Vj qui sont fonction respectivement des variations temporelles du signal émis par chaque jauge 8 lors de la rotation, ledit dispositif étant apte à former, par combinaison des signaux Vj, deux signaux respectivement SIN et COS de même angle et de même amplitude, ladite amplitude étant fonction de A.The determination system further comprises a device 9 for measuring two signals Vj which are respectively a function of the temporal variations of the signal emitted by each gauge 8 during rotation, said device being able to form, by combination of the signals Vj, two signals respectively SIN and COS of the same angle and the same amplitude, said amplitude being a function of A.
A partir de ces deux signaux SIN et COS, on est capable, par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de calcul 10 formé par exemple d'un processeur, de déduire l'amplitude A en calculant l'expression SIN2 + COS2.From these two signals SIN and COS, we are able, by means of a calculation device 10 formed for example of a processor, to deduce the amplitude A by calculating the expression SIN 2 + COS 2 .
Ainsi, le calcul de l'amplitude étant réalisé indépendamment de la vitesse de rotation, on s'affranchit notamment des problèmes de retard ou de qualité qui sont inhérents à une détermination temporelle des déformations.Thus, the calculation of the amplitude being carried out independently of the speed of rotation, one in particular is freed from the problems of delay or quality which are inherent in a temporal determination of the deformations.
En relation avec les figures 2 et 3, on décrit respectivement un premier et un deuxième modes de réalisation d'un système de détermination selon l'invention, dans lequel les jauges 8 sont à base d'éléments résistifs, notamment piézoresistifs ou magnétostrictifs, de sorte à présenter chacune une résistance électrique Ri qui varie en fonction des déformations subies par ladite jauge 8. En particulier, les jauges 8 peuvent comprendre soit un bloc de plusieurs résistances qui sont combinées pour obtenir une valeur de résistance moyennée qui est représentative de la valeur de la résistance au niveau de la position du bloc, soit une seule résistance.In relation to FIGS. 2 and 3, a first and a second embodiment of a determination system according to the invention are respectively described, wherein the gauges 8 are based on resistive elements, in particular piezoresistive or magnetostrictive, so as to each have an electrical resistance Ri which varies as a function of the deformations undergone by said gauge 8. In particular, the gauges 8 may comprise either a block of several resistors which are combined to obtain an average resistance value which is representative of the resistance value at the position of the block, ie a single resistance.
Selon les deux modes de réalisation représentés, le dispositif de mesure 9 comprend un montage en boucle de courant entre les deux jauges 8 et une résistance de référence Rref dont la valeur est fixe en fonction des déformations subies par la zone 7.According to the two embodiments shown, the measuring device 9 comprises a current loop mounting between the two gauges 8 and a reference resistor R re f whose value is fixed as a function of the deformations undergone by the area 7.
Les signaux de variation des résistances sont égaux à : [R0j + ΔRjSin(ωt+(i-1)φ)]i, Roi étant la valeur au repos de la résistance Rj, ω=2π/T (T étant la période temporelle de la sinusoïde), φ le déphasage spatial entre les jauges 8, i le courant dans la boucle. Par ailleurs, le signal aux bornes de la résistance Rref est égal à Rrefi.The resistance variation signals are equal to: [R 0 j + ΔRjSin (ωt + (i-1) φ)] i, Roi being the rest value of the resistance Rj, ω = 2π / T (T being the time period of the sinusoid), φ the spatial phase shift between the gauges 8, i the current in the loop. Furthermore, the signal across the resistor R re f is equal to R re fi.
Le caractère sinusoïdal (par rapport au temps) de la fonction échantillonnée est destiné à simplifier les calculs qui suivent, mais n'est pas limitatif. Cette hypothèse revient à supposer que le roulement tourne à vitesse constante (ω constante).The sinusoidal character (with respect to time) of the sampled function is intended to simplify the calculations which follow, but is not limiting. This hypothesis amounts to supposing that the bearing rotates at constant speed (ω constant).
Le montage comprend en outre un étage d'amplificateurs différentiels 11 qui sont agencés de sorte à obtenir des signaux Vj. Dans les modes de réalisation représentés, l'étage d'amplificateurs 11 combine les signaux mentionnés ci- dessus de sorte à obtenir : Vi = [(Roi - Rref) + ΔRιsin(ωt)]i ; V2 = [(R02 - Rref) + ΔR2sin(ωt+φ)]i.The circuit further comprises a stage of differential amplifiers 11 which are arranged so as to obtain signals Vj. In the embodiments shown, the amplifier stage 11 combines the signals mentioned above so as to obtain: Vi = [(King - Rref) + ΔRιsin (ωt)] i; V 2 = [(R02 - Rref) + ΔR 2 sin (ωt + φ)] i.
Dans le cas où Roi = R02 =Rref. nous avons les signaux suivants : V1 ≈ [ΔRιsin(ωt)]i ; V2 = [ΔR2sin(ωt+φ)]i qui sont centrés sur zéro par la soustraction du signal de référence Rrefi.In the case where King = R0 2 = Rref. we have the following signals: V 1 ≈ [ΔRιsin (ωt)] i; V 2 = [ΔR 2 sin (ωt + φ)] i which are centered on zero by the subtraction of the reference signal R ref i.
Par ailleurs, les résistances Rj peuvent être agencées de sorte que ΔRi = ΔR2 = ΔR. En particulier, l'égalité des ΔRj peut être obtenue dans le cas où les jauges 8 sont equidistantes du chemin de roulement. En variante, on peut prévoir qu'au moins un amplificateur différentiel 11 présente un gain ajustable de sorte à égaliser les deux amplitudes mentionnées ci-dessus. Ainsi, les signaux s'écrivent : Vi = [ΔRsin(ωt)]i ; V2 = [ΔRsin(ωt+φ)]i.Furthermore, the resistors Rj can be arranged so that ΔRi = ΔR 2 = ΔR. In particular, the equality of ΔRj can be obtained in the case where the gauges 8 are equidistant from the raceway. As a variant, it is possible to provide that at least one differential amplifier 11 has an adjustable gain so as to equalize the two amplitudes mentioned above. Thus, the signals are written: Vi = [ΔRsin (ωt)] i; V 2 = [ΔRsin (ωt + φ)] i.
Dans le cas particulier où φ = π/2, c'est-à-dire lorsque les jauges 8 sont espacées d'une distance égales à λ/4, les signaux s'écrivent : Vi = [ΔRsin(ωt)]i ; V2 = [ΔRcos(ωt)]i.In the particular case where φ = π / 2, that is to say when the gauges 8 are spaced apart by a distance equal to λ / 4, the signals are written: Vi = [ΔRsin (ωt)] i; V 2 = [ΔRcos (ωt)] i.
Par conséquent, dans ce cas particulier, le dispositif de mesure 10 représenté sur la figure 2 permet d'obtenir directement des signaux COS = V2 et SIN = ViConsequently, in this particular case, the measuring device 10 shown in FIG. 2 makes it possible to directly obtain signals COS = V 2 and SIN = Vi
Ainsi, en calculant l'expression SIN2 + COS2 on obtient ΔR2, ce qui permet, en sortie du dispositif de calcul 10, d'obtenir en fonction du temps l'amplitude A qui est fonction de ΔR.Thus, by calculating the expression SIN 2 + COS 2 we obtain ΔR 2 , which makes it possible, at the output of the calculation device 10, to obtain as a function of time the amplitude A which is a function of ΔR.
En relation avec la figure 3, on décrit un dispositif de mesure 9 qui permet d'obtenir des signaux SIN et COS quelle que soit la valeur du déphasage spatial φ entre les jauges 8.In relation to FIG. 3, a measuring device 9 is described which makes it possible to obtain SIN and COS signals whatever the value of the spatial phase shift φ between the gauges 8.
Pour ce faire, le dispositif de mesure comprend deux étages d'amplificateurs différentiels 11 , le premier étage étant analogue à celui du premier mode de réalisation de la figure 2, et le deuxième étage comprend deux amplificateurs différentiels 11 de sorte à délivrer les signaux ι - V2 et Vi + V2. En effet, ces expressions s'écrivent : To do this, the measuring device comprises two stages of differential amplifiers 11, the first stage being analogous to that of the first embodiment of FIG. 2, and the second stage comprises two differential amplifiers 11 so as to deliver the signals ι - V 2 and Vi + V 2 . Indeed, these expressions are written:
Vi + V2 = [2GAR cos(^) x sin(ωt + / .Vi + V 2 = [2GAR cos (^) x sin (ωt + /.
Nous avons donc Vi + V2 = SIN et ι - V2 = COS, de sorte que, comme exposé ci-dessus, nous pouvons obtenir l'amplitude A qui est fonction de ΔR en calculant l'expression SIN2 + COS2 dans le dispositif de calcul 10.We therefore have Vi + V 2 = SIN and ι - V 2 = COS, so that, as explained above, we can obtain the amplitude A which is a function of ΔR by calculating the expression SIN 2 + COS 2 in the calculation device 10.
Notons que dans le cas où φ est différent de π/2, l'amplitude des signaux (Vι - V2) et (Vι + V2) est différente. Pour égaliser ces amplitudes, on peut prévoir qu'au moins un amplificateur différentiel du deuxième étage présente un gain ajustable. En particulier, le gain de l'amplificateur formant le signal (V| - V2) peut être ajusté à cos(— )/sin(— ). ..Note that in the case where φ is different from π / 2, the amplitude of the signals (Vι - V 2 ) and (Vι + V 2 ) is different. To equalize these amplitudes, it is possible to provide that at least one differential amplifier of the second stage has an adjustable gain. In particular, the gain of the amplifier forming the signal (V | - V 2 ) can be adjusted to cos (-) / sin (-). ..
En relation avec la figure 1, on décrit l'agencement du roulement représenté dans lequel les jauges 8 sont disposées sur un substrat 12 qui est fixé sur la zone de déformation 7 de la bague fixe 1. Le substrat 12 est rigidement fixé à la bague fixe 1, par exemple par collage ou soudage, de sorte qu'il a également pour fonction de transmettre les déformations entre la bague fixe 1 et les jauges 8.In relation to FIG. 1, the arrangement of the bearing shown in which the gauges 8 are arranged on a substrate 12 which is fixed to the deformation zone 7 of the fixed ring 1 is described. The substrate 12 is rigidly fixed to the ring fixed 1, for example by gluing or welding, so that it also has the function of transmitting the deformations between the fixed ring 1 and the gauges 8.
Bien que les jauges 8 décrites ci-dessus soient à base d'éléments résistifs, d'autres jauges 8, par exemple des capteurs choisis parmi les capteurs à ondes acoustiques de surface et les capteurs de champ magnétique, peuvent être utilisées dans le cadre de l'invention à condition qu'elles délivrent un signal fonction d'une déformation. En particulier, les capteurs de champ magnétique peuvent être basés sur des éléments sensibles de type magnétorésistance, magnétorésistance géante, effet Hall, magnétorésistance à effet tunnel, couches magnétostrictives. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, les jauges 8 sont sérigraphiées en couche épaisse sur le substrat 12, par exemple en céramique. En particulier, une technologie de type circuit hybride permet d'intégrer le dispositif de mesure 9 et le dispositif de calcul 10 sur le substrat 12. En outre, la sérigraphie permet un bon ajustage de la valeur des résistances ainsi qu'une bonne sensibilité aux déformations, tout en assurant un positionnement précis des résistances sur le substrat 12.Although the gauges 8 described above are based on resistive elements, other gauges 8, for example sensors chosen from surface acoustic wave sensors and magnetic field sensors, can be used in the context of the invention provided that they deliver a signal depending on a deformation. In particular, the magnetic field sensors can be based on sensitive elements of the magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, Hall effect, magnetoresistance with tunnel effect, magnetostrictive layers. In the embodiment shown, the gauges 8 are screen printed in a thick layer on the substrate 12, for example ceramic. In particular, a hybrid circuit type technology makes it possible to integrate the measuring device 9 and the calculating device 10 on the substrate 12. In addition, the screen printing allows a good adjustment of the value of the resistances as well as a good sensitivity to deformations, while ensuring precise positioning of the resistors on the substrate 12.
Concernant la résistance de référence Rref mentionnée ci-dessus, elle peut être sérigraphiée sur une zone non sollicitée du substrat 12 ou être insensible à la contrainte, par exemple formée d'un composant discret, de sorte à présenter une valeur fixe en fonction des déformations subies par la zone 7 tout en présentant la même dérive en température que les résistances Rj.Concerning the reference resistance R re f mentioned above, it can be screen printed on an unsolicited area of the substrate 12 or be insensitive to stress, for example formed of a discrete component, so as to present a fixed value as a function deformations undergone by the zone 7 while exhibiting the same temperature drift as the resistors Rj.
La zone de déformation 7 est usinée de sorte à être sensiblement plane et à s'étendre au dessus des deux rangées de billes 2. Dans cette réalisation, les jauges 8 ne sont pas à équidistance du chemin de roulement 3, de sorte que l'amplitude de la déformation mesurée est fonction de la jauge 8 considérée. Les gains des amplificateurs différentiels 11 peuvent être ajustés pour égaliser l'amplitude des signaux de sortie. En variante, on peut prévoir que les jauges 8 soient fixées directement sur la surface courbe de la bague fixe 1 , par exemple les jauges 8 peuvent être de type trames pelliculaires, ce qui permet d'égaliser de construction toutes les distances entre les jauges 8 et le chemin de roulement 3.The deformation zone 7 is machined so as to be substantially flat and to extend above the two rows of balls 2. In this embodiment, the gauges 8 are not equidistant from the raceway 3, so that the amplitude of the deformation measured is a function of the gauge 8 considered. The gains of the differential amplifiers 11 can be adjusted to equalize the amplitude of the output signals. As a variant, provision may be made for the gauges 8 to be fixed directly to the curved surface of the fixed ring 1, for example the gauges 8 may be of the film weft type, which makes it possible to equalize in construction all the distances between the gauges 8 and the raceway 3.
Dans la réalisation représentée, les jauges 8 de deux systèmes de détermination sont intégrées sur le même substrat 12 de sorte, au voisinage de chaque chemin de roulement 3, qu'au moins un système de détermination soit prévu pour déterminer l'amplitude des déformations de la zone 7.In the embodiment shown, the gauges 8 of two determination systems are integrated on the same substrate 12 so, in the vicinity of each raceway 3, that at least one determination system is provided for determining the amplitude of the deformations of zone 7.
En particulier, les jauges 8 sont disposées sur la périphérie extérieure de la bague fixe 1 , sensiblement en regard de chacun des chemins de roulement 3 de sorte à augmenter l'intensité des signaux à mesurer. Ainsi, le substrat 12 portant les jauges 8 permet de déterminer l'amplitude des déformations induites respectivement par essentiellement une rangée de billes 2, et ce dans un même plan axial.In particular, the gauges 8 are arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed ring 1, substantially facing each of the raceways 3 so as to increase the intensity of the signals to be measured. Thus, the substrate 12 carrying the gauges 8 makes it possible to determine the amplitude of the deformations induced respectively by essentially a row of balls 2, and this in the same axial plane.
A condition qu'elles soient disposées sur une zone 7 se déformant sous l'effet du passage des billes 2, le positionnement des jauges 8 n'est pas critique selon l'invention, ce qui permet de simplifier grandement l'étape de fixation du système de détermination sur la bague fixe 1.Provided that they are arranged on a zone 7 deforming under the effect of the passage of the balls 2, the positioning of the gauges 8 is not critical according to the invention, which makes it possible to greatly simplify the step of fixing the determination system on the fixed ring 1.
Le roulement peut comprendre au moins trois (huit dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1 : quatre visibles et quatre disposés symétriquement à l'arrière du roulement) systèmes de détermination de l'amplitude des déformations de respectivement une zone 7 de la bague fixe 1, lesdits systèmes étant connectés ou destinés à être connectés à un calculateur apte à calculer, en fonction des amplitudes déterminées, les efforts appliqués lors de la rotation sur la bague fixe 1 et/ou sur un élément solidaire de la bague tournante. En particulier, un tel calculateur est décrit dans le document FR-2 839 553 issu de la demanderesse. The bearing can comprise at least three (eight in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1: four visible and four arranged symmetrically at the rear of the bearing) systems for determining the amplitude of the deformations of a zone 7 of the ring respectively fixed 1, said systems being connected or intended to be connected to a computer capable of calculating, as a function of the determined amplitudes, the forces applied during rotation on the fixed ring 1 and / or on an element integral with the rotating ring. In particular, such a computer is described in document FR-2 839 553 from the applicant.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Roulement comprenant une bague fixe (1), une bague tournante et au moins une rangée de corps roulants (2) disposés dans un chemin de roulement (3) qui est formé entre lesdites bagues de sorte à permettre leur rotation relative, lesdits corps roulants (2) étant équirépartis dans le chemin de roulement (3) avec un écart angulaire λ, ledit roulement comprenant au moins un système de détermination de l'amplitude A des déformations pseudo sinusoïdales d'une zone (7) de la bague fixe (1) qui sont induites lors de la rotation, ledit roulement étant caractérisé en ce que le système de détermination comprend :1. Bearing comprising a fixed ring (1), a rotating ring and at least one row of rolling bodies (2) arranged in a raceway (3) which is formed between said rings so as to allow their relative rotation, said bodies rollers (2) being equally distributed in the raceway (3) with an angular difference λ, said bearing comprising at least one system for determining the amplitude A of pseudo-sinusoidal deformations of an area (7) of the fixed ring ( 1) which are induced during rotation, said bearing being characterized in that the determination system comprises:
- deux jauges de contraintes (8) délivrant chacune un signal fonction de la déformation subie par ladite jauge ;- two strain gauges (8) each delivering a signal as a function of the deformation undergone by said gauge;
- un dispositif de mesure (9) de deux signaux Vj qui sont fonction respectivement des variations temporelles du signal émis par chaque jauge (8) lors de la rotation, ledit dispositif étant apte à former, par combinaison des signaux Vj, deux signaux respectivement SIN et COS de même angle et de même amplitude, ladite amplitude étant fonction de A ;- a device (9) for measuring two signals Vj which are respectively a function of the temporal variations of the signal emitted by each gauge (8) during rotation, said device being able to form, by combination of the signals Vj, two signals respectively SIN and COS of the same angle and the same amplitude, said amplitude being a function of A;
- un dispositif de calcul (10) de l'amplitude A des déformations de la zone (7) en fonction du temps, ledit dispositif étant agencé pour calculer l'expression SIN2 + COS2 de sorte à en déduire l'amplitude A.- A device for calculating (10) the amplitude A of the deformations of the zone (7) as a function of time, said device being arranged to calculate the expression SIN 2 + COS 2 so as to deduce the amplitude A.
2. Roulement selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel les jauges (8) sont à base d'éléments résistifs de sorte à présenter chacune une résistance électrique Rj qui varie en fonction des déformations subies par ladite jauge.2. Bearing according to claim 1, wherein the gauges (8) are based on resistive elements so as to each have an electrical resistance Rj which varies according to the deformations undergone by said gauge.
3. Roulement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (9) comprend un montage en boucle de courant entre les deux jauges (8) et une résistance de référence Rref dont la valeur est fixe en fonction des déformations subies par la zone (7), ledit montage comprenant un étage d'amplificateurs différentiels (11) agencés de sorte à obtenir des signaux Vj centrés sur zéro. 3. Bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the measuring device (9) comprises a current loop mounting between the two gauges (8) and a reference resistor R ref whose value is fixed according to the deformations undergone by the area (7), said circuit comprising a stage of differential amplifiers (11) arranged so as to obtain signals Vj centered on zero.
4. Roulement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont espacées d'une distance égale à λ/4.4. Bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that the gauges (8) are spaced by a distance equal to λ / 4.
5. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (9) comprend en outre un étage d'amplificateurs différentiels (11) agencés pour faire les opérations ι - V2 = COS et Vi + V2 = SIN.5. Bearing according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the measuring device (9) further comprises a stage of differential amplifiers (11) arranged to do the operations ι - V 2 = COS and Vi + V 2 = SIN.
6. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un amplificateur différentiel (11) présente un gain ajustable.6. Bearing according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that at least one differential amplifier (11) has an adjustable gain.
7. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) présentent des résistances au repos R0i qui sont égales à7. Bearing according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the gauges (8) have resistances at rest R 0 i which are equal to
Rref-Rref-
8. Roulement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont ou comprennent des capteurs choisis parmi les capteurs à ondes acoustiques de surface et les capteurs magnétiques.8. Bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the gauges (8) are or include sensors chosen from surface acoustic wave sensors and magnetic sensors.
9. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont disposées sur un substrat (12) qui est fixé sur la zone (7) de déformation de la bague fixe (1).9. Bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the gauges (8) are arranged on a substrate (12) which is fixed on the zone (7) of deformation of the fixed ring (1).
10. Roulement selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont sérigraphiées en couche épaisse sur le substrat (12).10. Bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that the gauges (8) are screen printed in a thick layer on the substrate (12).
11. Roulement selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (9) et le dispositif de calcul (10) sont intégrés sur le substrat (12).11. Bearing according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the measuring device (9) and the calculation device (10) are integrated on the substrate (12).
12. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins trois systèmes de détermination de l'amplitude des déformations de respectivement une zone (7) de la bague fixe (1). 12. Bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises at least three systems for determining the amplitude of the deformations of respectively an area (7) of the fixed ring (1).
13. Roulement selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les systèmes de détermination sont connectés ou destinés à être connectés à un calculateur apte à calculer, en fonction des amplitudes déterminées, les efforts appliqués lors de la rotation sur la bague fixe (1) et/ou sur un élément solidaire de la bague tournante.13. A bearing according to claim 12, characterized in that the determination systems are connected or intended to be connected to a computer capable of calculating, as a function of the determined amplitudes, the forces applied during rotation on the fixed ring (1) and / or on an element secured to the rotating ring.
14. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont disposées au voisinage d'un chemin de roulement (3).14. Bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the gauges (8) are arranged in the vicinity of a raceway (3).
15. Roulement selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont disposées sur la périphérie extérieure de la bague fixe (1), sensiblement en regard du chemin de roulement (3).15. Bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that the gauges (8) are arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed ring (1), substantially opposite the raceway (3).
16. Roulement selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux rangées de corps roulants (2) disposés dans respectivement un chemin de roulement (3), dans lequel, au voisinage de chaque chemin de roulement (3), au moins un système de détermination est prévu pour déterminer l'amplitude des déformations d'une zone (7).16. Bearing according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that it comprises two rows of rolling bodies (2) disposed in a raceway (3) respectively, in which, in the vicinity of each raceway (3), at least one determination system is provided for determining the amplitude of the deformations of a zone (7).
17. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les jauges (8) sont disposées sur ladite zone selon une ligne qui s'étend dans la direction générale de la rotation.17. Bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the gauges (8) are arranged on said area along a line which extends in the general direction of rotation.
18. Roulement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la zone de déformation (7) est usinée de sorte à être sensiblement plane. 18. Bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the deformation zone (7) is machined so as to be substantially planar.
EP05769762A 2004-05-04 2005-05-03 Bearing deformation sensor comprising two stress gauges Withdrawn EP1743152A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0404769A FR2869982B1 (en) 2004-05-04 2004-05-04 DEFORMATION SENSOR BEARING COMPRISING TWO GAUGES OF CONSTRAINTS
PCT/FR2005/001106 WO2005121731A1 (en) 2004-05-04 2005-05-03 Bearing deformation sensor comprising two stress gauges

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EP1743152A1 true EP1743152A1 (en) 2007-01-17

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FR2869982B1 (en) 2006-07-14
FR2869982A1 (en) 2005-11-11

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