EP1732804A1 - Second exhaust valve for a second stage regulator - Google Patents
Second exhaust valve for a second stage regulatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1732804A1 EP1732804A1 EP20050724144 EP05724144A EP1732804A1 EP 1732804 A1 EP1732804 A1 EP 1732804A1 EP 20050724144 EP20050724144 EP 20050724144 EP 05724144 A EP05724144 A EP 05724144A EP 1732804 A1 EP1732804 A1 EP 1732804A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust valve
- stage regulator
- module
- exhaust
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
- B63C11/18—Air supply
- B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
- B63C11/2227—Second-stage regulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
- Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
- Y10T137/7838—Plural
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an underwater diving second stage regulator configuration that minimizes icing of the regulator when in cold water. More particularly, the present invention relates to a second exhaust valve that may be selectively added-on to a second stage regulator when in cold water to prevent water droplets from entering the second stage regulator through a first exhaust valve of the second stage regulator.
- Second stage regulators such as those used in underwater diving, are generally known in the art.
- second stage regulators also known as breathing regulators, constitute the second of two stages of gas pressure regulation between a pressurized air source (e.g. one or more tanks of compressed gas) and the respiratory system of a user.
- a first stage regulator is operatively connected to the pressurized air source and delivers gas at an intermediate pressure to the second stage regulator.
- a function of a second stage regulator is to then deliver the gas to the user at a breathable pressure in response to inhalation by the user.
- gas flows from the pressurized air source through the first stage regulator resulting in a first expansion of the gas flow.
- the gas flows through the second stage regulator resulting in a second expansion of the gas flow.
- Each expansion causes a lowering of the temperature of the gas itself. Since the initial temperature of the gas is the ambient temperature, and the decrease in temperature resulting from the expansion starts at this temperature, the lower the ambient temperature the lower the final temperature of the gas in the second stage regulator. It is possible for the gas flow flowing through the second stage regulator to be at a temperature well below that at which water freezes. [0004] It is generally known that second stage regulators must have an opening in direct communication with the ambient water for the removal of exhaled gas. Conventional second stage regulators tend to have a single interface overlying the opening.
- the interface functions as one-way valve to allow the exhaled gas to exit the second stage regulator without allowing the ambient water from entering the second stage regulator.
- water droplets are likely to slip past the interface and enter the second stage regulator. Turbulence within the regulator may cause the water droplets to come into contact with components of the second stage regulator (i.e. levers, springs, valves, etc.).
- components of the second stage regulator i.e. levers, springs, valves, etc.
- Preventing the proper movement of the components of the second stage regulator may adversely affect the performance of the second stage regulator. Further, restricting proper movement of the components may lead to premature depletion of the user's air supply. [0006] Accordingly, it would be advantageous to provide a second stage regulator system which reduces the formation of ice on components of the second stage regulator when the second stage regulator is being used in cold ambient water. It would further be desirable to provide a second stage regulator system that prevents water droplets from entering the second stage regulator through the interface overlying the exhaust opening in a conventional second stage regulator. It would further be advantageous to provide a second stage regulator system that utilizes two interfaces between the ambient water and the components of the second stage regulator.
- the present invention relates to a second stage regulator for use with a pressurized air source and a first stage regulator.
- the second stage regulator comprises a base having a housing, a first exhaust valve and a first interface.
- the second stage regulator further comprises a second exhaust valve having a second interface.
- the second exhaust valve is adapted to be removably coupled to the base so that the second exhaust valve is positioned in series with the first exhaust valve.
- the present invention also relates to a second stage module for use with a second stage regulator having a first exhaust valve.
- the second stage module comprise a housing, a second exhaust valve coupled to the housing and configured to operate between a closed position and an open position for releasing gas to the environment, and an interface on the housing configured to releasably couple the housing to the second stage regulator.
- the present invention further relates to method of providing a second stage regulator that is adapted for use in both warm and cold water conditions.
- the method comprises providing a second stage regulator base module and a second exhaust valve module, wherein the second stage regulator base module includes a first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve module includes a second exhaust valve.
- the method also comprises removably coupling the second exhaust valve module to the second stage regulator base module, and configuring the second stage regulator base module to be functional without having the second exhaust valve module coupled to the second stage regulator base module.
- the present invention further relates to a modular second stage regulator system adapted for use in both a warm ambient environment and a cold ambient environment.
- the modular second stage regulator system comprises a second stage regulator base module including a housing defining a regulator chamber, the regulator chamber communicating with a pressurized gas source, the ambient environment and the respiratory system of a user.
- the second stage regulator base module also includes a valve assembly for delivering air from the pressurized air source to the user at a breathable pressure, a first exhaust valve separating the regulator chamber from the ambient environment, and a first module interface.
- the second exhaust valve module includes a body defining an exhaust chamber having a first and second opposite end, a second exhaust valve coupled to the second end of the exhaust chamber, and a second module interface for mating with the first module interface of the second stage regulator base module to provide releasable coupling of the second exhaust valve in series with the first
- the present invention further relates to various features and combinations of features shown and described in the disclosed embodiments. Other ways in which the objects and features of the disclosed embodiments are accomplished will be described in the following specification or will become apparent to those skilled in the art after they read this specification. Such other ways are deemed to fall within the scope of the disclosed embodiments if they fall within the scope of the claims which follow.
- FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a modular second stage regulator system including a second stage regulator base module and a secondary exhaust valve module.
- FIGURE 2 is an exploded view of the modular second stage regulator system of FIGURE 1.
- FIGURES 3A through 3D are a cross-sectional view of the modular second stage regulator system illustrating a typical breathing cycle.
- FIGURE 1 a modular second stage regulator system 10 is shown according to a preferred embodiment. While the disclosed embodiments will be illustrated as a second stage regulator designed for underwater diving, the features of the disclosed embodiments have a much wider applicability.
- the modular second stage regulator system is adaptable for any air regulating application sensitive to icing of the second stage regulator due to moisture in the ambient environment entering the second stage regulator through an exhaust opening (e.g. divers in coldwater conditions, firefighters working in a cold environment in which there is moisture in the air, etc.).
- Modular second stage regulator system 10 comprises a second stage regulator base module 12 and an added-on secondary exhaust valve module 60.
- Secondary exhaust valve module 60 is an add-on module that may be selectively added or removed from modular second stage regulator system 10.
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 is releasably coupled (e.g. added-on, attached, mounted, connected, etc.) to second stage regulator base module 12.
- second stage regulator base module 12 generally includes a housing 14, an inlet 16, a typical valve assembly (not shown), a regulator chamber 18, a mouthpiece 20, a primary exhaust valve mechanism 22, and a modular interface 24.
- Housing 14 is generally rigid and has an interior that defines
- Regulator chamber 18 is configured to communicate with the pressurized air source (not shown) through inlet 16.
- a typical valve assembly (not shown) within second stage regulator base module 12 comprises several components (e.g. a demand lever, a biasing member, sealing members, etc.) and delivers the pressurized air source to the user at a breathable pressure.
- Regulator chamber 18 further communicates with the respiratory system of the user through mouthpiece 20.
- regulator chamber 18 is in direct communication with the ambient water through an opening 26 in housing 14. Direct communication exists between regulator chamber 18 and the ambient water because of the need to expel gases exhaled by the user.
- the interface between regulator chamber 18 and the ambient water is primary exhaust valve mechanism 22.
- Primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 is a one-way valve for enabling exhaled air from the user to escape from regulator chamber 18 without permitting the ambient water from entering second stage regulator base module 12.
- primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 comprises a flapper valve 28 overlying a support member, shown as an exhaust spider 30. In the closed positioned, flapper valve 28 provides a seal between the ambient environment and regulator chamber 18.
- Exhaust spider 30 provides a means for supporting the flapper valve 28 while also permitting exhaled gas to flow through the support member.
- exhaust spider 30 has a hub and spoke configuration for allowing exhaled gas to pass through support openings 32 located between the spokes.
- flapper valve 28 includes a valve stem 34 so that when flapper valve 28 overlies exhaust spider 30, valve stem 34 engages with the hub of exhaust spider 30 to provide for longitudinal movement of valve 28.
- support for flapper valve 28 may be provided by one of a variety of configurations that provide support to a flapper valve while also allowing gas to pass through the support (e.g. a web-like configuration, an open weave configuration, etc.).
- primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 is not limited to a flapper valve and support member configuration,- but may comprise any one-way valve configuration (i.e. a check valve, a curtain valve or the like, etc.).
- exhaust spider 30 covers opening 26 and is integrally formed with housing 14 as a single unitary body.
- exhaust spider 30 may be a separate component coupled to housing 14. Coupling exhaust spider 30 to housing 14 may be achieved through any of a variety of configurations (e.g. press fit, snap fit, locking tabs, mechanical fasteners (e.g. screws, bolts, rivets, pins, etc.), etc.).
- exhaust spider 30 may be fused to housing 14 as a single molded unit (e.g., welding, ultrasonic, adhesives, etc.).
- exhaled gas passes outwardly through support openings 32 of exhaust spider 30 and radially outwardly between flapper valve 28 and the perimeter of exhaust spider 30.
- the pressure increase within regulator chamber 18 lifts flapper valve 28 in the longitudinal direction allowing the gas to exit.
- flapper valve 28 closes and reestablishes the seal between the ambient water and regulator chamber 18 to prevent water from entering second stage regulator base module 12.
- primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 allows the
- modular second stage regulator system 10 may be selectively used without secondary exhaust valve module 60.
- warm water e.g. water having a temperature above approximately 10 degrees Celsius, when the user inhales through mouthpiece 20, a rapid pressure drop and expansion of gas occurs within second stage regulator base module 12. The rapid pressure drop and expansion of gas causes a cooling condition within second stage regulator base module 12. Since the surrounding water is warm, the heat from the water warms second stage regulator 12 and regulator supercooling is avoided.
- second stage regulator base module 12 If warm water droplets enter second stage regulator base module 12 through primary exhaust valve mechanism 22, the warm water droplets will not cause icing within the regulator or around flapper valve 28, and will likely be flushed out of second stage regulator base module 12 through primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 upon a subsequent exhalation by the user.
- modular second stage regulator system 10 is going to be used in cold water (e.g. water having a temperature below approximately 10 degrees Celsius)
- the ambient water may sustain the supercooling of second stage regulator base module 12. Because the ambient water is cold, there is no ambient heat to dampen the cooling condition occurring within second stage regulator base module 12. Further, the likelihood of achieving the supercooled condition is worsened by the fact that the gas starts at a lower temperature when the system is used in cold water.
- second stage regulator base module 12 becomes supercooled, the introduction of cold water droplets to second stage regulator base module 12 through primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 may lead to icing and subsequently regulator malfunction. Malfunction may result from a cold water droplet freezing around flapper valve 28, which may lead to imperfect sealing of flapper valve 28 to exhaust spider 30. An imperfect seal allows for additional cold water to enter second stage regulator base module 12. Alternatively, turbulence within second stage regulator base module 12 may displace a cold water droplet near the components of the valve assembly (not shown) within second stage regulator base module 12. If a cold water droplet freezes near a component, the icing can impair the operation of second stage regulator base module 12.
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 is coupled to second stage regulator base module 12.
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 is coupled by detachably mounting secondary exhaust module 60 in series with primary exhaust valve 22.
- second stage regulator base module 12 further includes module interface 24.
- Module interface 24 is configured for mating with the corresponding module interface of secondary exhaust valve module 60. According to a preferred embodiment, module interface 24 is threaded.
- module interface 24 and the corresponding module interface of secondary exhaust valve module 60 may be provided by one of a variety of other mating mechanisms that provide for releasable mating (e.g. press- fit, snap-fit, locking tabs, etc.).
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 is sealably coupled to second stage regulator base module 12.
- a seal positioned between secondary exhaust valve module 60 and second stage regulator base module 12 advantageously prevents water droplets from entering the system at the point of coupling.
- an O-ring 78 positioned near interface 24 provides a substantially watertight seal.
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 generally comprises a secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 and a module interface 68.
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 further comprises a body 64 and an exhaust chamber 66.
- body 64 and exhaust chamber 66 may be integrally formed as part of second stage regulator base module 12.
- body 64 is a generally rigid housing comprising a first end 70 and second opposite end 72.
- Body 64 has an interior defining exhaust chamber 66 which extends from first end 70 to second end 72.
- First end 70 includes module interface 68 for mating with module interface 24 of second stage regulator base module 12.
- module interface 68 is integrally formed as part of body 64.
- module interface 68 may be integrally formed as part of secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62.
- module interface 68 is threaded for releasably mating with the threads of module interface 24 of second stage regulator base module 12. The mating of module interface 68 and module interface 24 forms a seal between second stage regulator base module 12 and secondary exhaust valve module 60.
- Secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 is a one-way valve for enabling exhaled gas from the user to escape second stage regulator base module 12. Secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 is coupled to second end 72 of body 64 and generally includes a secondary exhaust spider 74 and secondary flapper valve 76. The configuration and operation of secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 is substantially similar to the configuration and operation of primary exhaust valve mechanism 22. As illustrated in FIGURE 2, secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 is separate component coupled to second end 72 of body 64.
- Exhaust chamber 66 is a dry chamber with first end 70 in communication with regulator chamber 18 and second end 72 in communication with the ambient water. Exhaust chamber 66 is adequately dimensioned in the longitudinal direction to provide sufficient clearance for the unrestricted operation of primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 and secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62.
- FIGURES 3A through 3D illustrate a typical breathing cycle of the user using second stage regulator base module 12 selectively fitted with secondary exhaust valve module 60.
- both primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 and secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 are in a closed position.
- the pressure within regulator chamber 18 increases and the exhaled gas passes outwardly through support openings 32 of exhaust spider 30.
- the increased pressure first causes primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 to open while secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 remains in a closed.
- the exhaled gas enters exhaust chamber 66 and flows towards second end 72 of body 64.
- secondary exhaust valve mechanism opens and enables the exhaled gas to exit second stage regulator system 10.
- regulator chamber 18 begins to drop.
- the pressure decrease is first realized by primary ' exhaust valve mechanism 22 and causes primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 to close while secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 remains open.
- second l stage regulator base module 12 is sealed off from the ambient water, while secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 remains in direct fluid communication with the ambient water.
- secondary exhaust valve mechanism realizes the drop in pressure and subsequently closes.
- no ambient water is present in exhaust chamber 66. However, if water droplets slip past secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 upon closing water droplets may enter exhaust chamber 66.
- any water droplets bypassing secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 will be confined to exhaust chamber 66 and will not enter second stage regulator base module 12 since primary exhaust valve mechanism 22 is already in the closed position. Therefore, any water droplets bypassing secondary exhaust valve mechanism 62 will not reach the components of second stage regulator base module 12 and will not cause icing within the regulator. In addition, icing around secondary flapper valve 76 is unlikely since secondary flapper valve 76 is not directly exposed to the cooling condition occurring within second stage regulator base module 12. Also, it is unlikely that water droplets would freeze within exhaust chamber 66 since exhaust chamber 66 is also not directly exposed to cooling condition occurring within second stage regulator base module 12. Any water droplets confined to exhaust chamber 66 will likely be flushed from modular second stage regulator system 10 on the subsequent exhalation of the user.
- secondary exhaust valve module 60 to second stage regulator base module 12 does have an adverse consequence which is why the configuration is modular.
- the user By selectively adding-on secondary exhaust valve module 60 to second stage regulator base module 12, the user must now exert more pressure (i.e. exhale harder) to remove exhaled gas from modular second stage regulator system 10. More pressure is necessary to remove the exhaled gas since the force necessary to open two exhaust valves is greater than the force necessary to open one exhaust valve. Therefore, in accordance with the present invention, the system is designed to be modular. Modularity permits a user to easily add secondary exhaust valve module 60 to second stage regulator base module 12 when needed to help prevent regulator malfunction, and remove secondary exhaust valve module 60 when not needed.
- Secondary exhaust valve module 60 may be added or removed from second stage regulator base module 12 before the user is going to operate second stage regulator system 10. Alternatively, secondary exhaust valve module 60 may be added or removed from second stage regulator base module 12 by the user during operation of second stage regulator system 10.
- the configuration of module interface 24 and module interface 68 is designed so that secondary exhaust valve module 60 can be easily added or removed from second stage regulator base module 12.
- any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures.
- Other substitutions, modifications, changes and/or omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of a preferred and other exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention as expressed in the appended claims.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/787,600 US20050189019A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-02-26 | Second exhaust valve for a second stage regulator |
PCT/US2005/006544 WO2005082706A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-28 | Second exhaust valve for a second stage regulator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1732804A1 true EP1732804A1 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
EP1732804B1 EP1732804B1 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
Family
ID=34886808
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05724144A Not-in-force EP1732804B1 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-28 | Second exhaust valve for a second stage regulator |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050189019A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1732804B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE393727T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005006400T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005082706A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9518669B2 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-12-13 | Conbraco Industries, Inc. | Dual check backflow preventer |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2581007A (en) * | 1947-01-11 | 1952-01-01 | Donald J Douglas | Swimming helmet |
US2619085A (en) * | 1951-09-20 | 1952-11-25 | Holley P Bradley | Mask |
US2758596A (en) * | 1954-05-24 | 1956-08-14 | Scott Aviation Corp | Portable breathing apparatus of the demand type |
US3101732A (en) * | 1961-12-26 | 1963-08-27 | Healthways | Mouthpiece regulator |
US4219017A (en) * | 1978-11-09 | 1980-08-26 | Burr John D | Pilot regulator |
FR2644750A1 (en) * | 1989-03-21 | 1990-09-28 | Spirotech Ind Commerc | DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING RESPIRATORY GAS FOR A PLUNGER |
IT1281812B1 (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1998-03-03 | Htm Sport Spa | REGULATOR FOR IMMERSIONS IN COLD WATERS. |
US5664558A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-09-09 | Wagner; Barry K. | Multi-tubular diving snorkel |
US6089225A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-07-18 | Brown; Richard I. | System and method to prevent the transmission of pathogenic entities between the multiple users of second stage regulators |
-
2004
- 2004-02-26 US US10/787,600 patent/US20050189019A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-02-28 EP EP05724144A patent/EP1732804B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-02-28 AT AT05724144T patent/ATE393727T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-28 WO PCT/US2005/006544 patent/WO2005082706A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-28 DE DE200560006400 patent/DE602005006400T2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005082706A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE393727T1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
EP1732804B1 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
US20050189019A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
DE602005006400D1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
WO2005082706A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
DE602005006400T2 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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