EP1729718B1 - Reduction of hair growth by applying an agonist of prostaglandin dp-receptor - Google Patents
Reduction of hair growth by applying an agonist of prostaglandin dp-receptor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1729718B1 EP1729718B1 EP04812253A EP04812253A EP1729718B1 EP 1729718 B1 EP1729718 B1 EP 1729718B1 EP 04812253 A EP04812253 A EP 04812253A EP 04812253 A EP04812253 A EP 04812253A EP 1729718 B1 EP1729718 B1 EP 1729718B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- agonist
- prostaglandin
- hair growth
- pgd
- skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/365—Hydroxycarboxylic acids; Ketocarboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q7/00—Preparations for affecting hair growth
- A61Q7/02—Preparations for inhibiting or slowing hair growth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/70—Biological properties of the composition as a whole
Definitions
- the invention relates to reducing hair growth in mammals, particularly for cosmetic purposes.
- a main function of mammalian hair is to provide environmental protection. However, that function has largely been lost in humans, in whom hair is kept or removed from various parts of the body essentially for cosmetic reasons. For example, it is generally preferred to have hair on the scalp but not on the face.
- inhibitors of certain enzymes include inhibitors of 5-alpha reductase (see, for example, Breuer et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,289 ); ornithine decarboxylase (see, for example, Shander, U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,489 ), S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (see, for example Shander, U.S. patent 5,132,293 ); adenylosuccinate synthase (see, for example, Ahluwalia); U.S. Pat. No.
- Patent 6,239,170 cyclooxygenase (see, for example, Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 6,248,751 ); nitric oxide synthase (see, for example Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 5,468,476 ); ornithine aminotransferse (see, for example, Shander et al.,U.S. Patent 5,474,763 ); cysteine synthetic pathway enzymes including L-methionine S-adenosyltransferase.
- L-homocysteine S-methyl transferase, S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolyase, cystathionine synthase and cystathionase see, for example, Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 5,455,234 ); cholesterol synthesis pathway enzymes including HMGCoA reductase and squalene synthetase (see, for example, Henry et al., U.S. Patent 5840752 ); protein kinase C (see, for example, Ahluwalia et al.,U.S. Patent 5,554,608 ); arginase (see, for example, Shander et al., U.S.
- Patent 5,728,736 matrix metalloproteinase (see for example Styczynski et al., U.S. Patent 5,962,466 ); DNA topoisomerase (see, for example Styczynski et al., U.S. Patent 6,037,326 ); aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (see, for example, Henry et al., U.S. Patent 5,939,458 ); hypusine biosynthetic pathway enzymes including deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (see, for example, Styczynski et al. U.S.
- Patent 6,060,471 alkaline phosphatase (see, for example Styczynski et al., U.S. Patent 6,020,006 ); and protein-tyrosine kinase (see, for example Henry et al., U.S. Patent 6,121,269 ).
- U.S. Patent 5,908,867 (Henry et al. ) describes a method for reducing mammalian hair growth by inhibiting the formation of glycoproteins, proteglycans or glycosaminoglycans, for example by use of inhibitors of the synthesis of N-acetyl glucosamine-pyrophosphoryl-dolichyl, chondrotin sulfate, keratin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, heparin, hyaluronic acid, inhibitors of the formation of Glc 3 Man 9 -(GlcNAc) 2 -PP-dolichol or glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid, inhibitors of the transfer of Glc 3 Man 9 -(GlcNAc) 2 , inhibitors of the enzymes glucosidase I, glucosidase II, mannosidas I, mannosidase II
- U.S. Patents 5,652,273 , 5,824,665 and 6,218,435 (all issued to Henry et al. ) describe ways of reducing mammalian hair growth by suppression of the metabolic pathway for conversion of glucose to acetyl-Co-A. This can be effected by, inter alia, inhibition of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, phosphoglycerate kinase, enolase, pyruvate kinase or pyruvate dehydrogenase or by an inhibitor of glucose transport.
- Other methods for modulating hair growth include use of compounds that induce or activates conjugation of an androgen, for example as described by Styczynski et al., in U.S. Patent 5,958,946 ; use of compounds to increase cellular ceramide levels for example as described by Styczynski et al., in U.S. Patent 6,235,737 ; use of non-steroidal suppressors of angiogenesis, for example as described in Ahluwalia in U.S. Patent 6,093,748 ; use of catechin compounds, for example as described in U.S. Patents 5,674,477 and 5,776,442 (Ahluwalia ); use of sulfhydryl reactive compounds for example as described in Shander et al.
- PGE 2 Proliferative endothelial growth factor 2
- PGF 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGI 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGD 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGE 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGF 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGI 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGD 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGE 2 Proliferative factor 2
- PGF 2 Proliferative growth factor 2
- PGI 2 Proliferative endothelial growth factor 2
- PGD 2 Proliferative endothelial growth factor 2
- the interaction between prostaglandin and receptor activates intracellular G protein signal transduction pathways that alter the levels of second messengers such as cAMP, Ca 2+ and inositol phosphates. It is this alteration of the second messenger levels that are thought to evokes a cell response.
- second messengers such as cAMP, Ca 2+ and inositol phosphates
- the receptor(s) for each prostaglandin is coupled to a unique signal transduction pathway.
- the specificity is such that a minor diversity in a prostaglandin's chemical structure can result in as much as complete opposite effect even in the same tissue.
- the prostaglandin PGD 2 causes relaxation of smooth muscle, whereas PGE 2 induces the contraction of smooth muscle.
- prostaglandins contain a cyclopentane ring with the two-side chains alpha (-) and omaga (-).
- Prostaglandins are classified into prostaglandin types A through I based on modifications of the cyclopentane ring. However, the only naturally occurring prostaglandins are types D through I.
- the cell receptors for the prostaglandins PGD 2 , PGE 2 , PGF 2 ⁇ , and PGI 2 are designated as DP, EP, FP and IP, respectively.
- the EP class of receptors is further divided into four subtypes: EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4. Because of the diversity in prostaglandin receptors, as well as the complexity of prostaglandin signaling pathways, it is generally accepted that the knowledge about the function of any one of the prostaglandin in a given tissue cannot be extrapolated to another prostaglandin in the same tissue, or the same prostaglandin in another tissue.
- Each prostaglandin has a unique activity profile not exactly overlapping with others, indicating that each prostaglandin has a specific site of action.
- Prostaglandin or Prostanoid G-protein-coupled PG or Prostanoid receptor* PGE 2 EP (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) PGF 2 ⁇ FP PGI 2 IP PGD 2 DP *The receptors are distinguished by their ligand-binding profiles, and the signal transduction pathways activated on ligand binding.
- the invention provides a cosmetic method) of reducing unwanted mammalian (preferably human) hair growth by applying to the skin an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor in an amount effective to reduce hair growth.
- the agonist interacts strongly with the prostaglandin DP-receptor.
- the unwanted hair growth may be undesirable from a cosmetic standpoint or may result, for example, from a disease or an abnormal condition (e.g., hirsutism).
- the invention provides a method of reducing unwanted mammalian hair growth by applying to the skin a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D 2 , analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin D 2 , PGJ 2 , or an analog of PGJ 2 .
- the agonist/compound will be included in a topical composition along with a dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle.
- the topical compositions comprise a dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle and an agonist of prostaglandin DP receptor.
- the topical compositions comprise a dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle and (a) a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D 2 , analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin D 2 , PGJ 2 , or an analog of PGJ 2 ; (b) a compound that activates DP receptor signal transmission pathway; and/or (c) a compound that inactivates prostaglandin D 2 metabolic pathway.
- the present invention relates to the use of an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor for the manufacture of a therapeutic topical composition for reducing hair growth.
- the present invention relates to the use of a compound for the manufacture of a therapeutic topical composition for reducing hair growth, wherein the compound is (a) a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D 2 , analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin D 2 , PGJ 2 , or an analog of PGJ 2 ; (b) a compound that activates DP receptor signal transmission pathway; and/or or (c) a compound that inactivates prostaglandin D 2 metabolic pathway.
- Antist of prostaglandin DP-receptor means a compound that activates prostaglandin DP receptor.
- An agonist that "interacts strongly" with the prostaglandin DP-receptor is one that that binds the receptor with such affinity that it elicits a response that is at least approximately comparable to (in magnitude) to that elicited by prostaglandin D 2 .
- DP receptor as used herein, means the receptor is of the class that has the strongest affinity for PGD 2 of all the naturally occurring prostaglandins.
- Specific compounds include both the compound itself and pharmacologically acceptable salts of the compound.
- An example of a preferred composition includes at least one agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor in a cosmetically and/or dermatologically acceptable vehicle.
- the composition may be a solid, semi-solid, or liquid.
- the composition may be, for example, a cosmetic and dermatologic product in the form of an, for example, ointment, lotion, foam, cream, gel, or solution.
- the composition may also be in the form of a shaving preparation or an aftershave.
- the vehicle itself can be inert or it can possess cosmetic, physiological and/or pharmaceutical benefits of its own.
- Examples of agonists of prostaglandin DP-receptor include prostaglandin D 2 analogs and prostaglandin D 2 -sequential metabolites and their analogs.
- Analogs of prostaglandin D 2 are known.
- U.S. Pat. 4,203,924 describes 2-decarboxy-2-hydroxymethyl-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-PGD 2 analogs
- U.S. Pat. 4,201,873 describes 9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-PGD 2 analogs
- U.S. Pat. 4,562,204 describes trans-delta2-prostaglandin D 2 derivatives
- U.S. Pat. 3,878,239 describes preparation of other prostaglandin D 2 analogs
- U.S. Pat. 5,700,835 describes 3-oxa-D-prostaglandins.
- Other examples of prostaglandin D 2 analogs are disclosed EP 0 098 141 and EP 0 097 023 .
- Prostaglandin D 2 sequential metabolites and their analogs also are known.
- agonists are provided in Tables 1 and 1 A. TABLE I Examples of PGD 2 analogs, PGD 2 sequential metabolites and their analogs PGD 2 analog 11-Deoxy-11-methylene PGD 2 , 15(R)-15-methyl PGD 2 ,15(S)- 15-methyl PGD 2 , 15-deoxy- ⁇ 12,14 -PGD 2 , 16,16-dimethyl-PGD 2 , 17-phenyl trinor PGD 2 , 9 ⁇ -halogen-15-cyclohexylprostaglandin, 11 ⁇ -halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandin, ZK118182, RS93520, RS93427, SQ27986, ZK110841, BW245C, BW246C, BW A868C, L644122, and L644698.
- PGD 2 metabolites 13, 14-Dihydro-15-keto PGD 2 , PGJ 2 , ⁇ 12 -PGJ 2 , 15-deoxy- ⁇ 12,14 and PGJ 2 analogs PGJ 2 , 9,10-dihydro-15-deoxy- ⁇ 12,14 -PGJ 2 TABLE IA Chemical names of the PGD 2 analogs from Table I ZK118182 Acetic acid, [[(2Z)-4-[(1R,2R,3R,5R)-5-chloro-2-[(1E,3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-3-hydroxycyclopentyl]-2-butenyl]oxy]- (9CI) RS93520 Butanoic acid, 4-[(1R,2R,3S,6R)-2-[(3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propynyl]-3-hydroxybicyclo[4.2.0]oct-7-ylidene]-,
- the composition may include more than one agonist of PGD 2 .
- the composition may include one or more other types of hair growth reducing agents, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,289 ; U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,489 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,132,293 ; U.S. Pat. 5,096,911 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,095,007 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,925 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,686 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,440,090 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,885 ; U.S. Pat. No. 5,411,991 ; U.S. Pat.
- the concentration of the agonist in the composition may be varied over a wide range up to a saturated solution, preferably from 0.1% to 30% by weight or even more; the reduction of hair growth increases as the amount of agonist applied increases per unit area of skin.
- the maximum amount effectively applied is limited only by the rate at which the agonist penetrates the skin.
- the effective amounts may range, for example, from 10 to 3000 micrograms or more per square centimeter of skin.
- the vehicle can be inert or can possess cosmetic, physiological and/or pharmaceutical benefits of its own.
- Vehicles can be formulated with liquid or solid emollients, solvents, thickeners, humectants and/or powders.
- Emollients include stearyl alcohol, mink oil, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isopropyl laurate, polyethylene glycol, petroleum jelly, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and myristyl myristate.
- Solvents include ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, acetone, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethyl formamide.
- the composition optionally can include components that enhance the penetration of the agonist into the skin and/or to the site of action.
- penetration enhancers include urea, polyoxyethylene ethers (e.g., Brij-30 and Laureth-4), 3-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene, terpenes, cis-fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid, palmitoleic acid), acetone, laurocapram, dimethylsulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone, oleyl alcohol, glyceryl-3-stearate, propan-2-ol, myristic acid isopropyl ester, cholesterol, and propylene glycol.
- a penetration enhancer can be added, for example, at concentrations of 0.1% to 20% or 0.5% to 5% by weight.
- the composition also can be formulated to provide a reservoir within or on the surface of the skin to provide for a continual slow release of the agonist.
- the composition also may be formulated to evaporate slowly from the skin, allowing the agonist extra time to penetrate the skin.
- a topical cream composition containing an agonist of PGD 2 may be prepared by mixing together water and all water soluble components in a mixing vessel- A.
- the pH is adjusted in a desired range from about 3.5 to 8.0.
- the vessel temperature may be raised to up to 45°C.
- the selection of pH and temperature will depend on the stability of the agonist.
- the oil soluble components, except for the preservative and fragrance components, are mixed together in another container (B) and heated to up to 70°C to melt and mix the components.
- the heated contents of vessel B are poured into the water phase (container A) with brisk stirring. Mixing is continued for about 20 minutes.
- the preservative components are added at temperature of about 40°C.
- the fragrance components are added at about 25°C - 30°C while the contents are still being mixed and the viscosity has not yet built up to the desired range. If it is desired to increase the viscosity of the resulting emulsion, shear can be applied using a conventional homogenizer, for example a Silverson L4R homogenizer with a square hole high sheer screen.
- the topical composition can be fabricated by including the agonist in the water phase during formulation preparation or can be added after the formulation (vehicle) preparation has been completed. The agonist can also be added during any step of the vehicle preparation.
- EXAMPLE 1 INCI Name W/w (%) DI Water 61.00-75.00 Agonist of PGD 2 1.00-15.00 Mineral oil 1.90 Glyceryl stearate 3.60 PEG 100 stearate 3.48 Cetearyl alcohol 2.59 Ceteareth-20 2.13 Dimethicone, 100 ct 0.48 Lipidure PMB a 3.00 Advanced moisture complex b 5.00 Stearyl alcohol 1.42 Preservative, fragrance and color pigment Qs Total 100.00 a polyquartinium-51 (Collaborative Labs, NY); b glycerin and water and sodium PCA and urea and trehalose and polyqauternium-51 and sodium hyaluronate (Collaborative Labs, NY).
- EXAMPLE 2 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Agonist of PGD 2 0.5-15.00 Glycerol (glycerin) 0-5 Isoceteth-20 3 - 7 Glyceryl isostearate 1.5 - 5 Dicaprylyl ether 3-15 Glyceryl triacetate (triacetin) 0.5 - 10 Preservative, fragrance and color pigment q.s. Water q.s.
- EXAMPLE 3 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Agonist of PGD 2 0.5 - 15.00 Glycerol (glycerin) 0 - 5 Isoceteth-20 3-7 Glyceryl isostearate 1.5 - 5 Dicaprylyl ether 3-15 1-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidanone 0.5-10% Preservative, fragrance and color q.s.
- EXAMPLE 5 INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80 Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 Monocaprylate/Caprate (Estol 3601, Uniquema, NJ) 1-10 Total 100.00
- EXAMPLE 6 INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80 Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 cis Fatty acids 1-10 Total 100.00
- EXAMPLE 7 INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80% Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 Terpene(s) 1-10 Total 100.00
- EXAMPLE 8 INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80% Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 Polyoxyethylene sorbitans (tween) 1-10 Total 100.00
- An agonist of PGD 2 is added to the example 8 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
- a hydroalcoholic formulation containing an agonist of PGD 2 is prepared by mixing the formulation components in a mixing vessel.
- the pH of the formulation is adjusted to a desired value in the range of 3.5 - 8.0.
- the pH adjustment can also be made to cause complete dissolution of the formulation ingredients.
- heating can be applied to up to 45°C, or even up to 70°C depending on the stability of the agonist to achieve dissolution of the formulation ingredients.
- the components of two hydroalcoholic formulations are listed below.
- EXAMPLE 9 (HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 48.00 - 62.50 An agonist of PGD 2 0.5-15.00 Ethanol 16.00 Propylene glycol 5.00 Dipropylene glycol 5.00 Benzyl alcohol 400 Propylene carbonate 2.00 Captex-300 a 5.00 Total 100.00 a caprylic/capric triglyceride (Abitec Corp., OH).
- EXAMPLE 10 (HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 53.00-67.9 An agonist of PGD 2 0.1-15.00 Ethanol 16.00 Propylene glycol 5.00 Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether 5.00 Benzyl alcohol 4.00 Propylene carbonate 2.00 Total 100.00 EXAMPLE 11 (HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC) INCI Name w/w (%) Ethanol (alcohol) 80 Water 17.5 Propylene glycol dipelargonate 2.0 Propylene glycol 0.5 Total 100.00
- the composition should be applied topically to a selected area of the body from which it is desired to reduce hair growth.
- the composition can be applied to the face, particularly to the beard area of the face, i.e., the cheek, neck, upper lip, and chin.
- the composition also may be used as an adjunct to other methods of hair removal including shaving, waxing, mechanical epilation, chemical depilation, electrolysis and laser-assisted hair removal.
- the composition can also be applied to the legs, arms, torso or armpits.
- the composition is particularly suitable for reducing the growth of unwanted hair in women having hirsutism or other conditions.
- the composition should be applied once or twice a day, or even more frequently, to achieve a perceived reduction in hair growth. Perception of reduced hair growth could occur as early as 24 hours or 48 hours (for instance, between normal shaving intervals) following use or could take up to, for example, three months. Reduction in hair growth is demonstrated when, for example, the rate of hair growth is slowed, the need for removal is reduced, the subject perceives less hair on the treated site, or quantitatively, when the weight of hair removed (i.e., hair mass) is reduced.
- Human hair follicles in growth phase were isolated from face-lift tissue (obtained from plastic surgeons) under dissecting scope using a scalpel and watchmakers forceps. The skin was sliced into thin strips exposing 2-3 rows of follicles that could readily be dissected. Follicles were placed into 0.5 ml William's E medium (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD.) supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine, 10 ⁇ g/ml insulin, 10 ng/ml hydrocortisone, 100 units of penicillin, 0.1 mg/ml streptomycin and 0.25 ⁇ g/ml amphotericin B.
- the follicles were incubated in 24-well plates (1 follicle/well) at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO 2 and 95% air. Compounds are dissolved into dimethyl sulfoxide as 100-fold stock solution.
- the control hair follicles were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide without prostaglandin.
- the follicles were photographed in the 24-well plates under the dissecting scope at a power of 10X.
- image recordings were made on day 0 (day follicles were placed in culture), and again on day 7.
- the length of hair follicle was assessed using an image analysis software system. The growth of hair fiber was calculated by the subtracting the follicle length on day 0 from that determined on day 7.
- PGD 2 and its analogs demonstrated a significant reduction of human hair follicle growth. All seven of the PGD 2 analogs tested significantly reduced hair growth. The results are provided in Table III. TABLE III REDUCTION OF HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE GROWTH BY PGD 2 AND ITS ANALOGS Hair follicle length increase (mm) Prostaglandin Dose ( ⁇ M) Treated Control % Reduction PGD 2 30 0.24 ⁇ 0.10 1.89 ⁇ 0.38 87.3 ⁇ 5.0 15-Deoxy- ⁇ 12,14 -PGD 2 50 0.10 ⁇ 0.08 1.76 ⁇ 0.27 94.3 ⁇ 4.5 16,16-Dimethyl PGD 2 50 0.10 ⁇ 0.05 1.76 ⁇ 0.27 94.3 ⁇ 2.8 15(S)-15-Methyl PGD 2 100 0.08 ⁇ 0.06 1.10 ⁇ 0.35 92.7 ⁇ 5.5 17-Phenyl trinor PGD 2 50 0.10 ⁇ 0.12 1.62 ⁇ 0.43 93.8 ⁇ 7.4 11-Deoxy
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to reducing hair growth in mammals, particularly for cosmetic purposes.
- A main function of mammalian hair is to provide environmental protection. However, that function has largely been lost in humans, in whom hair is kept or removed from various parts of the body essentially for cosmetic reasons. For example, it is generally preferred to have hair on the scalp but not on the face.
- Various procedures have been employed to remove unwanted hair, including shaving, electrolysis, depilatory creams or lotions, waxing, plucking, and therapeutic antiandrogens. These conventional procedures generally have drawbacks associated with them. Shaving, for instance, can cause nicks and cuts, and can leave a perception of an increase in the rate of hair regrowth. Shaving also can leave an undesirable stubble. Electrolysis, on the other hand, can keep a treated area free of hair for prolonged periods of time, but can be expensive, painful, and sometimes leaves scarring. Depilatory creams, though very effective, typically are not recommended for frequent use due to their high irritancy potential. Waxing and plucking can cause pain, discomfort, and poor removal of short hair. Finally, antiandrogens -- which have been used to treat female hirsutism -- can have unwanted side effects.
- It has previously been disclosed that the rate and character of hair growth can be altered by applying to the skin inhibitors of certain enzymes. These inhibitors include inhibitors of 5-alpha reductase (see, for example,
Breuer et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,289 ); ornithine decarboxylase (see, for example,Shander, U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,489 ), S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (see, for exampleShander, U.S. patent 5,132,293 ); adenylosuccinate synthase (see, for example,Ahluwalia); U.S. Pat. No. 5,095,007 ); aspartate transcarbamylase (see, for example,Ahluwalia, U.S. Pat. No. 5,095,007 ); gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (see, for example,Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,911 ); transglutaminase (see, for example,Shander, et al., U.S. Patent 5,143,925 ); L-asparagine synthetase (see, for example,Ahluwalia, U.S. Patent 5,444,090 ); 5-lipoxygenase (see, for example,Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 6,239,170 ); cyclooxygenase (see, for example,Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 6,248,751 ); nitric oxide synthase (see, for exampleAhluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 5,468,476 ); ornithine aminotransferse (see, for example,Shander et al.,U.S. Patent 5,474,763 ); cysteine synthetic pathway enzymes including L-methionine S-adenosyltransferase. L-homocysteine S-methyl transferase, S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolyase, cystathionine synthase and cystathionase (see, for example,Ahluwalia et al., U.S. Patent 5,455,234 ); cholesterol synthesis pathway enzymes including HMGCoA reductase and squalene synthetase (see, for example,Henry et al., U.S. Patent 5840752 ); protein kinase C (see, for example,Ahluwalia et al.,U.S. Patent 5,554,608 ); arginase (see, for example,Shander et al., U.S. Patent 5,728,736 ); matrix metalloproteinase (see for exampleStyczynski et al., U.S. Patent 5,962,466 ); DNA topoisomerase (see, for exampleStyczynski et al., U.S. Patent 6,037,326 ); aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (see, for example,Henry et al., U.S. Patent 5,939,458 ); hypusine biosynthetic pathway enzymes including deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (see, for example,Styczynski et al. U.S. Patent 6,060,471 ); alkaline phosphatase (see, for exampleStyczynski et al., U.S. Patent 6,020,006 ); and protein-tyrosine kinase (see, for exampleHenry et al., U.S. Patent 6,121,269 ). -
U.S. Patent 5,908,867 (Henry et al. ) describes a method for reducing mammalian hair growth by inhibiting the formation of glycoproteins, proteglycans or glycosaminoglycans, for example by use of inhibitors of the synthesis of N-acetyl glucosamine-pyrophosphoryl-dolichyl, chondrotin sulfate, keratin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, heparin, hyaluronic acid, inhibitors of the formation of Glc3Man9-(GlcNAc)2-PP-dolichol or glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid, inhibitors of the transfer of Glc3Man9-(GlcNAc)2, inhibitors of the enzymes glucosidase I, glucosidase II, mannosidas I, mannosidase II, and β-galactosidase and compounds that affect the exocytosis of proteoglycans. -
U.S. Patents 5,652,273 ,5,824,665 and6,218,435 (all issued to Henry et al. ) describe ways of reducing mammalian hair growth by suppression of the metabolic pathway for conversion of glucose to acetyl-Co-A. This can be effected by, inter alia, inhibition of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, phosphoglycerate kinase, enolase, pyruvate kinase or pyruvate dehydrogenase or by an inhibitor of glucose transport. - Other methods for modulating hair growth include use of compounds that induce or activates conjugation of an androgen, for example as described by
Styczynski et al., in U.S. Patent 5,958,946 ; use of compounds to increase cellular ceramide levels for example as described byStyczynski et al., in U.S. Patent 6,235,737 ; use of non-steroidal suppressors of angiogenesis, for example as described inAhluwalia in U.S. Patent 6,093,748 ; use of catechin compounds, for example as described inU.S. Patents 5,674,477 and5,776,442 (Ahluwalia ); use of sulfhydryl reactive compounds for example as described inShander et al. In U.S. Patent 5,411,991 ; and use of pantothenic acid or an analogue thereof, for example as described byAhluwalia et al in U.S. Patent 5,364,885 .PCT Publication WO03086331 (Ahluwalia et al - There are four primary prostaglandins (PGs), namely, PGE2, PGF2, PGI2 and PGD2. They are synthesized and released from cells as a result of various chemical or physical stimuli. The released prostaglandins act as local hormones on cells in the vicinity to exert a variety of actions such as inflammation and muscle contraction or relaxation. Each prostaglandin binds to specific members of a family of G protein-coupled prostaglandin receptors. The interaction between prostaglandin and receptor activates intracellular G protein signal transduction pathways that alter the levels of second messengers such as cAMP, Ca2+ and inositol phosphates. It is this alteration of the second messenger levels that are thought to evokes a cell response. The receptor(s) for each prostaglandin is coupled to a unique signal transduction pathway. The specificity is such that a minor diversity in a prostaglandin's chemical structure can result in as much as complete opposite effect even in the same tissue. For example, the prostaglandin PGD2 causes relaxation of smooth muscle, whereas PGE2 induces the contraction of smooth muscle.Chemically, prostaglandins contain a cyclopentane ring with the two-side chains alpha (-) and omaga (-). Prostaglandins are classified into prostaglandin types A through I based on modifications of the cyclopentane ring. However, the only naturally occurring prostaglandins are types D through I.
- The cell receptors for the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE2, PGF2α, and PGI2 are designated as DP, EP, FP and IP, respectively. The EP class of receptors is further divided into four subtypes: EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4. Because of the diversity in prostaglandin receptors, as well as the complexity of prostaglandin signaling pathways, it is generally accepted that the knowledge about the function of any one of the prostaglandin in a given tissue cannot be extrapolated to another prostaglandin in the same tissue, or the same prostaglandin in another tissue. Each prostaglandin has a unique activity profile not exactly overlapping with others, indicating that each prostaglandin has a specific site of action.
Prostaglandin (PG) or Prostanoid G-protein-coupled PG or Prostanoid receptor* PGE2 EP (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) PGF2α FP PGI2 IP PGD2 DP *The receptors are distinguished by their ligand-binding profiles, and the signal transduction pathways activated on ligand binding. - In one aspect, the invention provides a cosmetic method) of reducing unwanted mammalian (preferably human) hair growth by applying to the skin an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor in an amount effective to reduce hair growth. Preferably, the agonist interacts strongly with the prostaglandin DP-receptor. The unwanted hair growth may be undesirable from a cosmetic standpoint or may result, for example, from a disease or an abnormal condition (e.g., hirsutism).
- In another aspect, the invention provides a method of reducing unwanted mammalian hair growth by applying to the skin a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D2, analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin D2, PGJ2, or an analog of PGJ2.
- Typically, in practicing the aforementioned methods, the agonist/compound will be included in a topical composition along with a dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle. The topical compositions comprise a dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle and an agonist of prostaglandin DP receptor. The topical compositions comprise a dermatologically or cosmetically acceptable vehicle and (a) a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D2, analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin D2, PGJ2, or an analog of PGJ2; (b) a compound that activates DP receptor signal transmission pathway; and/or (c) a compound that inactivates prostaglandin D2 metabolic pathway.
- In addition, the present invention relates to the use of an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor for the manufacture of a therapeutic topical composition for reducing hair growth. Further, the present invention relates to the use of a compound for the manufacture of a therapeutic topical composition for reducing hair growth, wherein the compound is (a) a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D2, analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin D2, PGJ2, or an analog of PGJ2; (b) a compound that activates DP receptor signal transmission pathway; and/or or (c) a compound that inactivates prostaglandin D2 metabolic pathway.
- "Agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor", as used herein, means a compound that activates prostaglandin DP receptor. An agonist that "interacts strongly" with the prostaglandin DP-receptor is one that that binds the receptor with such affinity that it elicits a response that is at least approximately comparable to (in magnitude) to that elicited by prostaglandin D2. "DP receptor", as used herein, means the receptor is of the class that has the strongest affinity for PGD2 of all the naturally occurring prostaglandins.
- Specific compounds include both the compound itself and pharmacologically acceptable salts of the compound.
- Other features and advantages of the invention may be apparent from the detailed description and from the claims.
- An example of a preferred composition includes at least one agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor in a cosmetically and/or dermatologically acceptable vehicle. The composition may be a solid, semi-solid, or liquid. The composition may be, for example, a cosmetic and dermatologic product in the form of an, for example, ointment, lotion, foam, cream, gel, or solution. The composition may also be in the form of a shaving preparation or an aftershave. The vehicle itself can be inert or it can possess cosmetic, physiological and/or pharmaceutical benefits of its own.
- Examples of agonists of prostaglandin DP-receptor include prostaglandin D2 analogs and prostaglandin D2-sequential metabolites and their analogs.
- Analogs of prostaglandin D2 (also referred to as PGD2) are known. For example,
U.S. Pat. 4,203,924 describes 2-decarboxy-2-hydroxymethyl-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-PGD2 analogs;U.S. Pat. 4,201,873 describes 9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-PGD2 analogs;U.S. Pat. 4,562,204 describes trans-delta2-prostaglandin D2 derivatives;U.S. Pat. 3,878,239 describes preparation of other prostaglandin D2 analogs; andU.S. Pat. 5,700,835 describes 3-oxa-D-prostaglandins. Other examples of prostaglandin D2 analogs are disclosedEP 0 098 141 andEP 0 097 023 . - Prostaglandin D2 sequential metabolites and their analogs also are known.
- Specific examples of agonists are provided in Tables 1 and 1 A.
TABLE I Examples of PGD2 analogs, PGD2 sequential metabolites and their analogs PGD2 analog 11-Deoxy-11-methylene PGD2, 15(R)-15-methyl PGD2,15(S)- 15-methyl PGD2, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGD2, 16,16-dimethyl-PGD2, 17-phenyl trinor PGD2, 9β-halogen-15-cyclohexylprostaglandin, 11α-halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandin, ZK118182, RS93520, RS93427, SQ27986, ZK110841, BW245C, BW246C, BW A868C, L644122, and L644698. PGD2 metabolites 13, 14-Dihydro-15-keto PGD2, PGJ2, Δ12-PGJ2, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14 and PGJ2 analogs PGJ2, 9,10-dihydro-15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 TABLE IA Chemical names of the PGD2 analogs from Table I ZK118182 Acetic acid, [[(2Z)-4-[(1R,2R,3R,5R)-5-chloro-2-[(1E,3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-3-hydroxycyclopentyl]-2-butenyl]oxy]- (9CI) RS93520 Butanoic acid, 4-[(1R,2R,3S,6R)-2-[(3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propynyl]-3-hydroxybicyclo[4.2.0]oct-7-ylidene]-, (4Z)- (9CI) RS93427 Butanoic acid, 4-[(1S,2S,3R,6S)-2-[(3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propynyl]-3-hydroxybicyclo[4.2.0]oct-7-ylidene]-, (4Z)-(9CI) SQ27986 5-Heptenoic acid, 7-[(1S,2S,3S,4R)-3-[(1E,3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]-, (5Z)- (9CI) ZK110841 5-Heptenoic acid, 7-[(1R,2R,3R,5R)-5-chloro-2-[(1E,35)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-3-hydroxycyclopentyl]-, (5Z)-(9CI) BW245C 4-Imidazolidineheptanoic acid, 3-[(3R)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl]-2, 5-dioxo-, (4S)-rel- (9CI) BW246C (4R)-(3-[(3R,S)-3-Cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl]-2,5-dioxo)-4-imidazolidineheptanoic acid L44122 Benzoic acid, 4-[3-[3-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyl]propyl]- (9CI) L44698 Benzoic acid; 4-[3-[3-(3-hydroxyoctyl)-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyl]propyl]- (9CI) BWA868C 4-Imidazolidineheptanoic acid, 3-[(2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2,5-dioxo-1-(phenylmethyl)- (9CI) - The composition may include more than one agonist of PGD2. In addition, the composition may include one or more other types of hair growth reducing agents, such as those described in
U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,289 ;U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,489 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,132,293 ;U.S. Pat. 5,096,911 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,095,007 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,925 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,686 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,440,090 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,885 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,411,991 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,648,394 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,468,476 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,475,763 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,554,608 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,674,477 ;U.S. Pat. No. 5,728,736 ;U.S. Pat. 5,652,273 ;WO 94/27586 WO 94/27563 WO 98/03149 - The concentration of the agonist in the composition may be varied over a wide range up to a saturated solution, preferably from 0.1% to 30% by weight or even more; the reduction of hair growth increases as the amount of agonist applied increases per unit area of skin. The maximum amount effectively applied is limited only by the rate at which the agonist penetrates the skin. The effective amounts may range, for example, from 10 to 3000 micrograms or more per square centimeter of skin.
- The vehicle can be inert or can possess cosmetic, physiological and/or pharmaceutical benefits of its own. Vehicles can be formulated with liquid or solid emollients, solvents, thickeners, humectants and/or powders. Emollients include stearyl alcohol, mink oil, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isopropyl laurate, polyethylene glycol, petroleum jelly, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and myristyl myristate. Solvents include ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, acetone, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethyl formamide.
- The composition optionally can include components that enhance the penetration of the agonist into the skin and/or to the site of action. Examples of penetration enhancers include urea, polyoxyethylene ethers (e.g., Brij-30 and Laureth-4), 3-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene, terpenes, cis-fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid, palmitoleic acid), acetone, laurocapram, dimethylsulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone, oleyl alcohol, glyceryl-3-stearate, propan-2-ol, myristic acid isopropyl ester, cholesterol, and propylene glycol. A penetration enhancer can be added, for example, at concentrations of 0.1% to 20% or 0.5% to 5% by weight.
- The composition also can be formulated to provide a reservoir within or on the surface of the skin to provide for a continual slow release of the agonist. The composition also may be formulated to evaporate slowly from the skin, allowing the agonist extra time to penetrate the skin.
- A topical cream composition containing an agonist of PGD2 may be prepared by mixing together water and all water soluble components in a mixing vessel- A. The pH is adjusted in a desired range from about 3.5 to 8.0. In order to achieve complete dissolution of ingredients the vessel temperature may be raised to up to 45°C. The selection of pH and temperature will depend on the stability of the agonist. The oil soluble components, except for the preservative and fragrance components, are mixed together in another container (B) and heated to up to 70°C to melt and mix the components. The heated contents of vessel B are poured into the water phase (container A) with brisk stirring. Mixing is continued for about 20 minutes. The preservative components are added at temperature of about 40°C. Stirring is continued until the temperature reaches about 25°C to yield a soft cream with a viscosity of 8,000 - 12,000 cps, or a desired viscosity. The fragrance components are added at about 25°C - 30°C while the contents are still being mixed and the viscosity has not yet built up to the desired range. If it is desired to increase the viscosity of the resulting emulsion, shear can be applied using a conventional homogenizer, for example a Silverson L4R homogenizer with a square hole high sheer screen. The topical composition can be fabricated by including the agonist in the water phase during formulation preparation or can be added after the formulation (vehicle) preparation has been completed. The agonist can also be added during any step of the vehicle preparation. The components of cream formulations are described in the examples below.
EXAMPLE 1 (CREAM) INCI Name W/w (%) DI Water 61.00-75.00 Agonist of PGD2 1.00-15.00 Mineral oil 1.90 Glyceryl stearate 3.60 PEG 100 stearate 3.48 Cetearyl alcohol 2.59 Ceteareth-20 2.13 Dimethicone, 100 ct 0.48 Lipidure PMBa 3.00 Advanced moisture complexb 5.00 Stearyl alcohol 1.42 Preservative, fragrance and color pigment Qs Total 100.00 apolyquartinium-51 (Collaborative Labs, NY);
bglycerin and water and sodium PCA and urea and trehalose and polyqauternium-51 and sodium hyaluronate (Collaborative Labs, NY).EXAMPLE 2 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Agonist of PGD2 0.5-15.00 Glycerol (glycerin) 0-5 Isoceteth-20 3 - 7 Glyceryl isostearate 1.5 - 5 Dicaprylyl ether 3-15 Glyceryl triacetate (triacetin) 0.5 - 10 Preservative, fragrance and color pigment q.s. Water q.s. to 100.00 EXAMPLE 3 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Agonist of PGD2 0.5 - 15.00 Glycerol (glycerin) 0 - 5 Isoceteth-20 3-7 Glyceryl isostearate 1.5 - 5 Dicaprylyl ether 3-15 1-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidanone 0.5-10% Preservative, fragrance and color q.s. Water to 100.00 EXAMPLE 4 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 470 Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 1-Dodecyl-2-pyrrolidanone 1-10 Total 100.00 - An agonist of PGD2 is added to the example 4 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
EXAMPLE 5 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80 Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 Monocaprylate/Caprate (Estol 3601, Uniquema, NJ) 1-10 Total 100.00 - An agonist of PGD2 is added to the example 5 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
EXAMPLE 6 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80 Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 cis Fatty acids 1-10 Total 100.00 - An agonist of PGD2 is added to the example 6 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
EXAMPLE 7 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80% Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 Terpene(s) 1-10 Total 100.00 - An agonist of PGD2 is added to the example 7 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
EXAMPLE 8 (CREAM) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 70-80% Glyceryl stearate 4 PEG-100 4 Cetearyl alcohol 3 Ceteareth-20 2.5 Mineral oil 2 Stearyl alcohol 2 Dimethicone 0.5 Preservatives 0.43 Polyoxyethylene sorbitans (tween) 1-10 Total 100.00 - An agonist of PGD2 is added to the example 8 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
- A hydroalcoholic formulation containing an agonist of PGD2 is prepared by mixing the formulation components in a mixing vessel. The pH of the formulation is adjusted to a desired value in the range of 3.5 - 8.0. The pH adjustment can also be made to cause complete dissolution of the formulation ingredients. In addition, heating can be applied to up to 45°C, or even up to 70°C depending on the stability of the agonist to achieve dissolution of the formulation ingredients. The components of two hydroalcoholic formulations are listed below.
EXAMPLE 9 (HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 48.00 - 62.50 An agonist of PGD2 0.5-15.00 Ethanol 16.00 Propylene glycol 5.00 Dipropylene glycol 5.00 Benzyl alcohol 400 Propylene carbonate 2.00 Captex-300a 5.00 Total 100.00 acaprylic/capric triglyceride (Abitec Corp., OH). EXAMPLE 10 (HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC) INCI Name w/w (%) Water 53.00-67.9 An agonist of PGD2 0.1-15.00 Ethanol 16.00 Propylene glycol 5.00 Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether 5.00 Benzyl alcohol 4.00 Propylene carbonate 2.00 Total 100.00 EXAMPLE 11 (HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC) INCI Name w/w (%) Ethanol (alcohol) 80 Water 17.5 Propylene glycol dipelargonate 2.0 Propylene glycol 0.5 Total 100.00 - An agonist of PGD2 is added to the Example 11 formulation and mixed until solubilized.
- The composition should be applied topically to a selected area of the body from which it is desired to reduce hair growth. For example, the composition can be applied to the face, particularly to the beard area of the face, i.e., the cheek, neck, upper lip, and chin. The composition also may be used as an adjunct to other methods of hair removal including shaving, waxing, mechanical epilation, chemical depilation, electrolysis and laser-assisted hair removal.
- The composition can also be applied to the legs, arms, torso or armpits. The composition is particularly suitable for reducing the growth of unwanted hair in women having hirsutism or other conditions. In humans, the composition should be applied once or twice a day, or even more frequently, to achieve a perceived reduction in hair growth. Perception of reduced hair growth could occur as early as 24 hours or 48 hours (for instance, between normal shaving intervals) following use or could take up to, for example, three months. Reduction in hair growth is demonstrated when, for example, the rate of hair growth is slowed, the need for removal is reduced, the subject perceives less hair on the treated site, or quantitatively, when the weight of hair removed (i.e., hair mass) is reduced.
- Human hair follicles in growth phase (anagen) were isolated from face-lift tissue (obtained from plastic surgeons) under dissecting scope using a scalpel and watchmakers forceps. The skin was sliced into thin strips exposing 2-3 rows of follicles that could readily be dissected. Follicles were placed into 0.5 ml William's E medium (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD.) supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine, 10 µg/ml insulin, 10 ng/ml hydrocortisone, 100 units of penicillin, 0.1 mg/ml streptomycin and 0.25 µg/ml amphotericin B. The follicles were incubated in 24-well plates (1 follicle/well) at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 95% air. Compounds are dissolved into dimethyl sulfoxide as 100-fold stock solution. The control hair follicles were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide without prostaglandin. The follicles were photographed in the 24-well plates under the dissecting scope at a power of 10X. Typically, image recordings were made on day 0 (day follicles were placed in culture), and again on day 7. The length of hair follicle was assessed using an image analysis software system. The growth of hair fiber was calculated by the subtracting the follicle length on day 0 from that determined on day 7.
- PGD2 and its analogs demonstrated a significant reduction of human hair follicle growth. All seven of the PGD2 analogs tested significantly reduced hair growth. The results are provided in Table III.
TABLE III REDUCTION OF HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE GROWTH BY PGD2 AND ITS ANALOGS Hair follicle length increase (mm) Prostaglandin Dose (µM) Treated Control % Reduction PGD2 30 0.24 ± 0.10 1.89 ± 0.38 87.3 ± 5.0 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-PGD2 50 0.10 ± 0.08 1.76 ± 0.27 94.3 ± 4.5 16,16-Dimethyl PGD2 50 0.10 ± 0.05 1.76 ± 0.27 94.3 ± 2.8 15(S)-15-Methyl PGD2 100 0.08 ± 0.06 1.10 ± 0.35 92.7 ± 5.5 17-Phenyl trinor PGD2 50 0.10 ± 0.12 1.62 ± 0.43 93.8 ± 7.4 11-Deoxy-11-methylene PGD2 50 1.11 ± 0.14 1.76 ± 0.27 36.9 ± 8.0 15(R)-15-Methyl PGD2 50 0.04 ± 0.05 1.62 ± 0.43 97.5 ± 3.1 - The sequential metabolite of PGD2, namely, PGJ2 that is formed in the cells from PGD2, was also found to reduce hair growth. In addition, natural metabolites and (analogs) of PGJ2 that were tested reduced hair growth. The results are provided in Table IV.
TABLE IV Reduction of human hair follicle growth by the PGD2 metabolite, PGJ2 and its analogs Hair follicle length increase (mm) Prostaglandin Dose (µM) Treated Control Reduction PGJ2 30 0.16 ± 0.25 1.89 ± 0.38 91.5 ± 13 Δ12-PGJ2 30 0.29 ± 0.46 1.89 ± 0.38 84.6 ± 24 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 30 0.10 ± 0.09 1.89 ± 0.38 94.7 ± 5.0 9,10-Dihydro-15-deoxy-à 12,14-PGJ2 50 0.02 ± 0.03 1.62 ± 0.43 98.8 ± 1.9 - The hair growth inhibition profile by both PGD2 and PGJ2 (and its analogs) was found to be dose dependent. The results are provided in Table V.
TABLE V DOSE-DEPENDENT REDUCTION OF HUMAN HAIR FOLLICLE GROWTH BY PGD2 ,PGJ2 AND ITS METABOLITES Growth of follicle (mm) Prostaglandin Dose (µM) Treated Control % Reduction PGD2 1 1.51 ± 0.28 1.58 ± 0.30 4.4 5 1.38 ± 0.30 1.58 ± 0.30 12.7 10 0.98 ± 0.32 1.58 ± 0.30 38.0 PGJ2 1 1.43 ± 0.34 1.58 ± 0.30 9.5 5 1.03 ± 0.35 1.58 ± 0.30 34.8 10 0.50 ± 0.29 1.58 ± 0.30 68.4 Δ-12-PGJ2 1 1.40 ± 0.44 1.41 ± 0.34 0.7 5 1.26 ± 0.38 1.41 ± 0.34 10.6 10 0.32 ± 0.15 1.41 ± 0.34 77.3 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 1 1.42 ± 0.37 1.41 ± 0.34 0 5 0.21 ± 0.13 1.41 ± 0.34 34.8 10 0.08 ± 0.07 1.41 ± 0.34 94.3 - Because PGD2 and PGJ2 analogs behave as agonists of the PGD2, and are expected to bind strongly to this receptor, the results indicate that this stimulation of PGD2 results in reduction of hair growth. These results further demonstrate that activation of PGD2 by a compound that acts as an agonist of PGD2 or PGJ2 results in a reduction of hair growth.
- Other embodiments are within the claims.
Claims (44)
- A cosmetic method of reducing mammalian hair growth which comprises selecting an area of skin from which reduced hair growth is desired; and applying to said area of skin a dermatologically acceptable composition comprising an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor in an amount effective to reduce hair growth.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is a prostaglandin D2 analog.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is a prostaglandin D2 derivative.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist interacts strongly with the prostaglandin DP-receptor.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 11-deoxy-11-methylene PGD2 .
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 15(R)-15-methyl PGD2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is (S)-15-methyl PGD2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGD2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 16,16-dimethyl-PGD2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 17-phenyl trinor PGD2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 9β-halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandin.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 11α-halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandin.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is acetic acid, [[(2Z)-4-[(1R,2R,3R,5R)-5-chloro-2-[(1E,3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-L hydroxy-1-propenyl]-3-hydroxycyclopentyl]-2-butenyl]oxy]- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is butanoic acid, 4-[(1R,2R,3S,6R)-2-[(3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propynyl]-3-hydroxybicyclo[4.2.0]oct-7-ylidene]-, (4Z)- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is butanoic acid, 4-[(1S,2S,3R,6S)-2-[(3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propynyl]-3-hydroxybicyclo [4.2.0]oct-7-ylidene]-, (4Z)- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 5-heptenoic acid, 7-[(1S,2S,3S,4R)-3-[(1E,3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]-, (5Z)- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 5-heptenoic acid, 7-[(1R,2R,3R,SR)-5-chloro-2-[(1E,3S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-3-hydroxycyclopentyl]-, (5Z)- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 4-imidazolidineheptanoic acid, 3-[(3R)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl]-2,5-dioxo-, (4S)-rel- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is (4R)-(3-[R,S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl]-2,5-dioxo)-4-imidazolineheptanoic acid.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is benzoic acid, 4-[3-[3-[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyl]propyl]- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is benzoic acid, 4-[3-[3-(3-hydroxyoctyl)-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyl]propyl]- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 4-imidazolidineheptanoic acid, 3-[(2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2,5-dioxo-1-(phenylmethyl)- (9CI).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is a PGD2 metabolite.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto PGD2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is PGJ2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is Δ12-PGJ2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said agonist is 9,10-dihydro-15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2-
- The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of said agonist in said composition is between 0.1% and 30%.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a reduction in hair growth of at least 30% when tested in the Human Hair Follicle assay,
- The method of claim 1, wherein the composition provides a reduction in hair growth of at least 60% when tested in the Human Hair Follicle assay.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the agonist is applied to the skin in an amount of from 10 to 3000 micrograms of said agonist per square centimeter of skin.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said area of skin is on the face of a human.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the composition is applied to the area of skin in conjunction with shaving.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said area of skin is on a leg of the human.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said area of skin is on an arm of the human.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said area of skin is in an armpit of the human.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said area of skin is on the torso of the human.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the composition is applied to an area of skin of a woman with hirsutism.
- The method of claim 1, wherein said hair growth comprises androgen stimulated hair growth.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further includes a second component that also causes a reduction in hair growth.
- A cosmetic method of reducing mammalian hair growth, which comprises selecting an area of skin including hair follicles from which reduced hair growth is desired; and
applying to the skin a compound selected from the group consisting of prostaglandin D2, analogs of prostaglandin D2, PGJ2, or an analog of PGJ2, in an amount effective to reduce hair growth. - Use of an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor for preparation of a medicament for reducing mammalian hair growth.
- Cosmetic use of a composition comprising an agonist of prostaglandin DP-receptor for reducing unwanted hair growth.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/721,118 US20050112075A1 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2003-11-25 | Reduction of hair growth |
PCT/US2004/039693 WO2005051335A1 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-24 | Reduction of hair growth by applying an agonist of prostaglandin dp-receptor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1729718A1 EP1729718A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
EP1729718B1 true EP1729718B1 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04812253A Not-in-force EP1729718B1 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-24 | Reduction of hair growth by applying an agonist of prostaglandin dp-receptor |
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US (1) | US20050112075A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1729718B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE404165T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0414915A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2539986C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004015849D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2313124T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA06004407A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005051335A1 (en) |
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US20020172693A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2002-11-21 | Delong Michell Anthony | Compositions and methods for treating hair loss using non-naturally occurring prostaglandins |
US20020013294A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2002-01-31 | Delong Mitchell Anthony | Cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions and methods using 2-decarboxy-2-phosphinico derivatives |
US20020037914A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2002-03-28 | Delong Mitchell Anthony | Compositions and methods for treating hair loss using C16-C20 aromatic tetrahydro prostaglandins |
TWI495471B (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2015-08-11 | R Tech Ueno Ltd | Composition and method for promoting hair growth |
US20070059264A1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-15 | Ahluwalia Gurpreet S | Reduction of hair growth |
US7727516B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2010-06-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Reduction of hair growth |
WO2013142295A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Compositions and methods for regulating hair growth |
DK2037967T3 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2017-03-13 | Univ Pennsylvania | PROSTAGLANDIN-D2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS FOR TREATMENT OF ANDROGENETIC ALOPECI |
US8206695B2 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2012-06-26 | La Canada Ventures, Inc. | Eyelash enhancement composition and method of treatment |
US8623918B2 (en) | 2008-10-29 | 2014-01-07 | Novaer Holdings, Inc. | Amino acid salts of prostaglandins |
US8722739B2 (en) | 2008-10-29 | 2014-05-13 | Novaer Holdings, Inc. | Amino acid salts of prostaglandins |
US20110293549A1 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2011-12-01 | Athena Cosmetics, Inc. | Composition, method and kit for enhancing hair |
EP2725901A4 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2014-10-29 | Penn State Res Found | Compositions, methods and kits for treating leukemia |
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-
2003
- 2003-11-25 US US10/721,118 patent/US20050112075A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-11-24 CA CA2539986A patent/CA2539986C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-24 DE DE602004015849T patent/DE602004015849D1/en active Active
- 2004-11-24 BR BRPI0414915-7A patent/BRPI0414915A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-24 EP EP04812253A patent/EP1729718B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-11-24 MX MXPA06004407A patent/MXPA06004407A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-11-24 ES ES04812253T patent/ES2313124T3/en active Active
- 2004-11-24 WO PCT/US2004/039693 patent/WO2005051335A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-24 AT AT04812253T patent/ATE404165T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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BRPI0414915A (en) | 2006-11-07 |
EP1729718A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
CA2539986A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
ES2313124T3 (en) | 2009-03-01 |
WO2005051335A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
DE602004015849D1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
CA2539986C (en) | 2011-01-04 |
MXPA06004407A (en) | 2006-06-14 |
ATE404165T1 (en) | 2008-08-15 |
US20050112075A1 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
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