EP1727614A1 - Oleophobic inorganic membranes and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Oleophobic inorganic membranes and method for the production thereof

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Publication number
EP1727614A1
EP1727614A1 EP05716077A EP05716077A EP1727614A1 EP 1727614 A1 EP1727614 A1 EP 1727614A1 EP 05716077 A EP05716077 A EP 05716077A EP 05716077 A EP05716077 A EP 05716077A EP 1727614 A1 EP1727614 A1 EP 1727614A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
membrane
inorganic membrane
oleophobic
inorganic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP05716077A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Schiestel
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of EP1727614A1 publication Critical patent/EP1727614A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
    • B60K15/03504—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means adapted to avoid loss of fuel or fuel vapour, e.g. with vapour recovery systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0072—Inorganic membrane manufacture by deposition from the gaseous phase, e.g. sputtering, CVD, PVD
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
    • B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/022—Metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/024—Oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to oleophobic inorganic membranes, in particular ceramic and metallic membranes, processes for their production and tank ventilation systems, in particular fuel adsorbers, which contain oleophobic inorganic membranes.
  • Internal combustion engines such as internal combustion engines, fuel cells, turbines, jet engines etc. for motor vehicles, airplanes, ships and other mobile and stationary machines such as lawn mowers, chainsaws, power generators etc. generally require a fuel tank to operate.
  • the fuels used such as ethanol, methanol, petrol, motorbenzene, and turbine fuel (JP 4), but also diesel fuels, kerosene, engine petroleum and high-boiling turbine fuels (JP 5), under normal conditions, have a high vapor pressure and boiling ranges, which range from about 30 ° C.
  • the pressure equalization is achieved via a complex ventilation system, in which the liquid is primarily based, in particular, on various floats and siphons should be separated from the interfering steam to prevent liquid fuel from escaping.
  • the ventilation system is therefore usually designed as a closed system.
  • An adsorption section expediently follows the ventilation system of the tank system.
  • Such an adsorption section contains a fuel adsorber that binds the escaping vapors. If required, a "flushing" of the adsorber material with fresh air, for example, ensures that the bound fuel vapors are fed into the combustion.
  • the technical problem underlying the present invention essentially consists in providing means and methods which enable improved and easier separation of the liquid phase and the vapor phase from organic solvents, in particular from fuels for internal combustion engines.
  • a simple pressure equalization should be made possible or the disadvantageous contact between the liquid phase and an adsorber for the vapor phase, in particular a fuel adsorber, can be avoided.
  • the underlying technical problem is solved by providing a method for producing an oleophobic inorganic membrane.
  • the method is characterized in that an inorganic membrane is surface-modified with at least one perfluoroalkyl compound, and an oleophobic inorganic membrane is thus obtained.
  • the inorganic oleophobic membranes of the present invention are particularly suitable for separating steam from liquid as part of a tank ventilation. The tank ventilation is primarily necessary to equalize the pressure (risk of bursting).
  • the membranes are also suitable for separating vapor from liquid in front of a steam or solvent adsorber, in order to prevent the adsorber from being quickly overloaded.
  • Complicated siphon systems as are known from the prior art, are therefore no longer necessary in order to prevent liquid fuel from escaping or damaging the fuel to prevent adsorber with the liquid fuel.
  • the inorganic membrane is designed as a porous membrane and preferably has a pore size of 1 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the inorganic membranes used are particularly advantageously inert to most fuels and organic solvents.
  • the inorganic membranes obtained according to the invention are permanently stable against the effects of the fuels or the organic solvents.
  • the inorganic membrane is a ceramic membrane.
  • the inorganic membrane is a metallic membrane.
  • the inorganic membrane additionally has hydrophilic components in the surface matrix.
  • the inorganic membrane is preferably surface-modified by the process of silanization with perfluoroalkyl compounds and an oleophobic inorganic membrane is obtained.
  • the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by the process of plasma coating with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
  • the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by the process of painting with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
  • Another object of the present invention is also the oleophobic inorganic membrane surface-modified with perfluoroalkyl compounds, which is preferably obtainable by the process according to the invention.
  • the oleophobic inorganic membrane obtained can expediently be used in fuel tank systems, in ventilation systems, within the fuel adsorption section and in front of a conventional fuel adsorber in order to achieve the technical effect found.
  • Another object of the present invention is also the use of the oleophobic inorganic membrane in a ventilation system, for example a fuel system, in particular in front of a conventional fuel adsorber or the use of the membrane in an improved fuel adsorber, that is to say a fuel adsorber known per se which precedes an inorganic, contains oleophobic membrane of the present invention.
  • Another object of the present invention is also an improved fuel adsorber which contains at least one oleophobic inorganic membrane according to the invention.
  • Another object of the present invention is also a fuel adsorption section which contains an oleophobic inorganic membrane according to the invention and / or the improved fuel adsorber according to the invention.
  • a further subject of the present invention is also a ventilation system of a fuel system, which has an oleophobic inorganic membrane according to the invention and / or a inventive improved fuel adsorber of the invention and or contains the fuel adsorption section of the invention.
  • pressure compensation in a tank system can be achieved in a technically much simpler manner by means of the oleophobic inorganic membranes provided, surface-modified with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
  • a pressure equalization realized in this way is therefore also more cost-effective and less prone to failure.
  • the invention also allows a reduction in the weight of the tank systems and thus enables the construction of new types of improved tank systems.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are oleophobic inorganic membranes and a method for the production thereof. Said membranes can be used before the fuel adsorbers of aeration systems in fuel systems and make it possible to separate the liquid fuel and the fuel vapor phase.

Description

Oleophobe anorganische Membranen und Verfahren zu deren HerstellungOleophobic inorganic membranes and process for their manufacture
Beschreibungdescription
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft oleophobe anorganische Membranen, insbesondere keramische und metallische Membranen, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie Tankentlüftungsanlagen, insbeson- dere Kraftstoffadsorber, die oleophobe anorganische Membranen enthalten.The present invention relates to oleophobic inorganic membranes, in particular ceramic and metallic membranes, processes for their production and tank ventilation systems, in particular fuel adsorbers, which contain oleophobic inorganic membranes.
Verbrennungskraftmaschinen wie Verbrennungsmotoren, Brennstoffzellen, Turbinen, Düsenmotoren etc. für Kraftfahrzeuge, Flugzeuge, Schiffe und andere mobilen und stationäre Maschinen wie Rasenmäher, Motorsägen, Stromgeneratoren etc. setzen zu ihrem Betrieb in der Regel einen Kraftstofftank voraus. Naturgemäß haben die eingesetzten Kraftstoffe wie insbesondere Ethanol, Methanol, Ottokraftstoffe Motorenbenzol, und Turbinenkraftstoff (JP 4), aber auch Dieselkraftstoffe, Kerosin, Motorenpetroleum und hoch sieden- de Turbinenkraftstoffe (JP 5) unter Normalbedingungen einen hohen Dampfdruck und Siedebereiche, die im Bereich ab etwa 30°C liegen. Daher bilden sich in den Tankanlagen, insbesondere verstärkt durch die in mobilen Anlagen auftretende Vergrößerung der Oberfläche durch mechanische Durchmischung des flüssigen Kraftstoffs oder durch dessen Erwärmung, Kraftstoffdämpfe, die bereits im Normalbetrieb einen erheblichen Druck auf die Tankanlagen und das Kraft- stoffsystem ausüben können. Um eine Leckage oder ein Bersten zu verhindern, muss deshalb in Tankanlagen und Kraftstoffsystemen für entsprechenden Druckausgleich gesorgt werden.Internal combustion engines such as internal combustion engines, fuel cells, turbines, jet engines etc. for motor vehicles, airplanes, ships and other mobile and stationary machines such as lawn mowers, chainsaws, power generators etc. generally require a fuel tank to operate. Naturally, the fuels used, such as ethanol, methanol, petrol, motorbenzene, and turbine fuel (JP 4), but also diesel fuels, kerosene, engine petroleum and high-boiling turbine fuels (JP 5), under normal conditions, have a high vapor pressure and boiling ranges, which range from about 30 ° C. For this reason, fuel vapors are formed in the tank systems, particularly as a result of the increase in the surface area in mobile systems due to mechanical mixing of the liquid fuel or due to its heating, which can exert considerable pressure on the tank systems and the fuel system even during normal operation. In order to prevent leakage or bursting, appropriate pressure equalization must be ensured in tank systems and fuel systems.
Bekanntermaßen wird der Druckausgleich über ein aufwändiges Entlüftungssystem erreicht, worin in erster Linie, insbesondere basierend auf verschiedenen Schwimmern und Siphons, die Flüssigkeit vom störenden Dampf getrennt werden soll, um zu verhindern, dass flüssiger Kraftstoff austritt. Insbesondere bei Kraftstoffen für Verbrennungsmotoren in Kraftfahrzeugen verbietet der gesetzliche Emissionsschutz das Austreten von Kraftstoffdämpfen aus der Tankanlage in die Umwelt. Das Entlüftungssystem ist daher meist als geschlossenes System ausgeführt. Zweckmäßigerweise schließt sich an das Entlüftungssystem der Tankanlage eine Adsorptionsstrecke an. Eine solche Adsorptionsstrecke beinhaltet einen Kraftstoffadsorber, der die austretenden Dämpfe bindet. Nach Bedarf ist durch ein „Spülen" des Adsorbermaterials mit beispielsweise Frischluft eine Zuführung der gebundenen Kraftstoffdämpfe in die Verbrennung gewährleistet.As is known, the pressure equalization is achieved via a complex ventilation system, in which the liquid is primarily based, in particular, on various floats and siphons should be separated from the interfering steam to prevent liquid fuel from escaping. In particular for fuels for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles, statutory emission protection prohibits the emission of fuel vapors from the tank system into the environment. The ventilation system is therefore usually designed as a closed system. An adsorption section expediently follows the ventilation system of the tank system. Such an adsorption section contains a fuel adsorber that binds the escaping vapors. If required, a "flushing" of the adsorber material with fresh air, for example, ensures that the bound fuel vapors are fed into the combustion.
Um eine nachteilhafte rasche Überladung des Kraftstoffadsorbers durch den Kontakt des Adsorbers mit flüssigem Kraftstoff zu verhindern, müssen Maßnahmen getroffen werden, um einen Kontakt zwi- sehen flüssigem Kraftstoff und dem Kraftstoffadsorber zu vermeiden.In order to prevent disadvantageous rapid overloading of the fuel adsorber by the contact of the adsorber with liquid fuel, measures must be taken to avoid contact between the liquid fuel and the fuel adsorber.
Neben den Tankanlagen für Kraftstoffe für mobile und stationäre Verbrennungskraftmaschinen tritt diese Problematik auch bei anderen Tankanlagen oder Reaktoren bei der Verwendung hochflüchtiger Medien auf; beispielsweise bei der Produktion und Lagerung von organischen Lösungsmitteln oder in Kraftstoffraffinerien.In addition to the tank systems for fuels for mobile and stationary internal combustion engines, this problem also occurs with other tank systems or reactors when using highly volatile media; for example in the production and storage of organic solvents or in fuel refineries.
Das der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegende technische Problem besteht demgemäß im Wesentlichen darin, Mittel und Verfahren bereitzustellen, die eine verbesserte und einfachereTrennung der Flüssigphase und der Dampfphase von organischen Lösungsmitteln, insbesondere von Kraftstoffen für Verbrennungsmotoren, ermöglicht. Dabei soll insbesondere ein einfacher Druckausgleich ermöglicht beziehungsweise der nachteilhafte Kontakt zwischen der Flüssig- phase und einem Adsorber für die Dampfphase, insbesondere einem Kraftstoffadsorber, vermieden werden.Accordingly, the technical problem underlying the present invention essentially consists in providing means and methods which enable improved and easier separation of the liquid phase and the vapor phase from organic solvents, in particular from fuels for internal combustion engines. In particular, a simple pressure equalization should be made possible or the disadvantageous contact between the liquid phase and an adsorber for the vapor phase, in particular a fuel adsorber, can be avoided.
Das zugrundeliegende technische Problem wird gelöst durch die Bereitstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer oleophoben anor- ganischen Membran. Das Verfahren ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine anorganische Membran mit mindestens einer Perfluoralkylverbindung oberflächenmodifiziert wird und so eine oleophobe anorganische Membran erhalten wird.The underlying technical problem is solved by providing a method for producing an oleophobic inorganic membrane. According to the invention, the method is characterized in that an inorganic membrane is surface-modified with at least one perfluoroalkyl compound, and an oleophobic inorganic membrane is thus obtained.
Die Erfinder fanden überraschend, dass die mit dem erfindungsge- mäßen Verfahren erhaltenen oleophoben anorganischen Membranen von flüssigem Kraftstoff sehr schlecht benetzt werden. Ist die erfindungsgemäß erhaltene oleophobe anorganische Membran bevorzugt porös ausgebildet, kann der flüssige Kraftstoff trotzdem nur bei extrem großen Drücken durch die Membran hindurchtreten. An- dererseits können die Kraftstoffdämpfe durch die Membranporen diffundieren. Vorteilhafterweise wird so eine einfache Trennung von flüssigem Kraftstoff und der Dampfphase ermöglicht und ein Druckausgleich in einer Tankanlage auf einfache Weise erreicht. Die anorganischen oleophoben Membranen der vorliegenden Erfindung eignen sich dabei insbesondere, um als Bestandteil einer Tankentlüftung Dampf von Flüssigkeit zu trennen. Die Tankentlüftung ist in erster Linie zum Druckausgleich (Gefahr des Berstens) notwendig. Die Membranen eignen sich auch, um vor einem Dampf- oder Lö- semitteladsorber Dampf von Flüssigkeit zu trennen, um so ein schnelles Überladen des Adsorbers zu verhindern. Komplizierte Siphonsysteme, wie sie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind, sind daher nicht mehr erforderlich, um ein Austreten von flüssigem Kraftstoff beziehungsweise ein schädliches Benetzen der Kraftstoff- adsorber mit dem flüssigem Kraftstoff zu verhindern. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die anorganische Membran als poröse Membran ausgebildet und weist vorzugsweise eine Porengröße von 1 nm bis 100 μm auf.The inventors surprisingly found that the oleophobic inorganic membranes obtained by the process according to the invention are very poorly wetted by liquid fuel. If the oleophobic inorganic membrane obtained according to the invention is preferably porous, the liquid fuel can nevertheless only pass through the membrane at extremely high pressures. On the other hand, the fuel vapors can diffuse through the membrane pores. A simple separation of liquid fuel and the vapor phase is advantageously made possible and pressure equalization in a tank system is achieved in a simple manner. The inorganic oleophobic membranes of the present invention are particularly suitable for separating steam from liquid as part of a tank ventilation. The tank ventilation is primarily necessary to equalize the pressure (risk of bursting). The membranes are also suitable for separating vapor from liquid in front of a steam or solvent adsorber, in order to prevent the adsorber from being quickly overloaded. Complicated siphon systems, as are known from the prior art, are therefore no longer necessary in order to prevent liquid fuel from escaping or damaging the fuel to prevent adsorber with the liquid fuel. In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic membrane is designed as a porous membrane and preferably has a pore size of 1 nm to 100 μm.
Besonders vorteilhaft sind die eingesetzten anorganischen Membranen, wie keramische oder metallische Membranen gegen die meisten Kraftstoffe und organische Lösungsmittel inert. Im Gegensatz zu organischen Polymermembranen sind die erfindungsgemäß erhaltenen anorganischen Membranen dauerhaft gegen die Einwirkungen der Kraftstoffe beziehungsweise der organischen Lösungsmittel stabil. Erfindungsgemäß ist die anorganische Membran eine keramische Membran. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Variante ist die anorganische Membran eine metallische Membran.The inorganic membranes used, such as ceramic or metallic membranes, are particularly advantageously inert to most fuels and organic solvents. In contrast to organic polymer membranes, the inorganic membranes obtained according to the invention are permanently stable against the effects of the fuels or the organic solvents. According to the invention, the inorganic membrane is a ceramic membrane. In a further preferred variant, the inorganic membrane is a metallic membrane.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die anorgani- sehe Membran in der Oberflächenmatrix zusätzlich hydrophile Komponenten auf.In a further preferred embodiment, the inorganic membrane additionally has hydrophilic components in the surface matrix.
Bevorzugt wird die anorganische Membran im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren durch den Vorgang der Silanisierung mit Perfluoralkylver- bindungen oberflächenmodifiziert und eine oleophobe anorganische Membran erhalten.In the process according to the invention, the inorganic membrane is preferably surface-modified by the process of silanization with perfluoroalkyl compounds and an oleophobic inorganic membrane is obtained.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die anorganische Membran durch den Vorgang der Plasmabeschichtung mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifiziert.In a further preferred embodiment, the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by the process of plasma coating with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
Schließlich wird in einer weiteren Ausführungsform die anorganische Membran durch den Vorgang der Lackierung mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifiziert. Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch die oleophobe, mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifizierte anorganische Membran, welche bevorzugterweise mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhältlich ist. Wie vorstehend dargestellt, kann die erhaltene oleophobe anorganische Membran zweckmäßigerweise in Kraftstofftankanlagen, in Entlüftungssystemen, innerhalb der Kraftstoffadsorptionsstrecke sowie vor einem herkömmlichen Kraftstoffadsorber eingesetzt werden, um den aufgefundenen technischen Effekt zu erzielen.Finally, in a further embodiment, the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by the process of painting with perfluoroalkyl compounds. Another object of the present invention is also the oleophobic inorganic membrane surface-modified with perfluoroalkyl compounds, which is preferably obtainable by the process according to the invention. As shown above, the oleophobic inorganic membrane obtained can expediently be used in fuel tank systems, in ventilation systems, within the fuel adsorption section and in front of a conventional fuel adsorber in order to achieve the technical effect found.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch die Verwendung der oleophoben anorganischen Membran in einem Entlüftungssystem, zum Beispiel einer Kraftstoffanlage, insbesondere vor einem herkömmlichen Kraftstoffadsorber beziehungsweise die Verwendung der Membran in einem verbesserten Kraftstoffadsorber, also einem an sich bekannten Kraftstoffadsorber, der vorgeschaltet eine anorganische, oleophobe Membran der vorliegenden Erfindung enthält.Another object of the present invention is also the use of the oleophobic inorganic membrane in a ventilation system, for example a fuel system, in particular in front of a conventional fuel adsorber or the use of the membrane in an improved fuel adsorber, that is to say a fuel adsorber known per se which precedes an inorganic, contains oleophobic membrane of the present invention.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch ein verbesserter Kraftstoffadsorber, welcher mindestens eine oleophobe anorganische Membran gemäß der Erfindung enthält.Another object of the present invention is also an improved fuel adsorber which contains at least one oleophobic inorganic membrane according to the invention.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch eine Kraftstoffadsorptionsstrecke, welche eine erfindungsgemäße oleophobe anorganische Membran und/oder den erfindungsgemäßen verbesserten Kraftstoffadsorber enthält.Another object of the present invention is also a fuel adsorption section which contains an oleophobic inorganic membrane according to the invention and / or the improved fuel adsorber according to the invention.
Schließlich ist ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung auch ein Entlüftungssystem einer Kraftstoffanlage, welche eine erfindungsgemäße oleophobe anorganische Membran und/oder einen erfindungsgemäßen verbesserten Kraftstoffadsorber der Erfindung und oder die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffadsorptionsstrecke enthält.Finally, a further subject of the present invention is also a ventilation system of a fuel system, which has an oleophobic inorganic membrane according to the invention and / or a inventive improved fuel adsorber of the invention and or contains the fuel adsorption section of the invention.
Gemäß der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre kann mittels der bereitgestellten oleophoben, mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifi- zierten anorganischen Membranen in technisch wesentlich einfacherer Weise ein Druckausgleich in einer Tankanlage erreicht werden. Ein so realisierter Druckausgleich ist damit auch kostengünstiger und weniger störanfällig. Die Erfindung erlaubt darüber hinaus eine Gewichtsreduktion der Tankanlagen und ermöglicht so die Konstruktion neuartiger verbesserter Tankanlagen. According to the teaching according to the invention, pressure compensation in a tank system can be achieved in a technically much simpler manner by means of the oleophobic inorganic membranes provided, surface-modified with perfluoroalkyl compounds. A pressure equalization realized in this way is therefore also more cost-effective and less prone to failure. The invention also allows a reduction in the weight of the tank systems and thus enables the construction of new types of improved tank systems.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer oleophoben anorganischen Membran aus einer anorganischen Membran und mindestens einer Perfluor- alkylverbindung, wobei die anorganische Membran mit einer Perfluor- alkylverbindung oberflächenmodifiziert wird und eine oleophobe anorganische Membran erhalten wird.1. A method for producing an oleophobic inorganic membrane from an inorganic membrane and at least one perfluoroalkyl compound, the inorganic membrane being surface-modified with a perfluoroalkyl compound and an oleophobic inorganic membrane being obtained.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die anorganische Membran eine keramische Membran ist.2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic membrane is a ceramic membrane.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die anorganische Membran eine metallische Membran ist.3. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic membrane is a metallic membrane.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , wobei die anorganische Membran durch Silanisierung mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifiziert wird.4. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by silanization with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , wobei die anorganische Membran durch Plasmabeschichtung mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifi- ziert wird.5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by plasma coating with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die anorganische Membran durch Lackierung mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifiziert wird.6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic membrane is surface-modified by coating with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die anorganische Membran eine Porengröße von 1 nm bis 100 μm aufweist.7. The method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic membrane has a pore size of 1 nm to 100 microns.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , wobei die Membran in der Oberflächenmatrix zusätzlich hydrophile Komponenten aufweist. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the membrane in the surface matrix additionally has hydrophilic components.
9. Oleophobe, mit Perfluoralkylverbindungen oberflächenmodifizierte anorganische Membran.9. Oleophobic inorganic membrane modified with perfluoroalkyl compounds.
10. Membran nach Anspruch 9, erhältlich mit dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8.10. Membrane according to claim 9, obtainable by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
11. Verwendung der oleophoben anorganischen Membran nach Anspruch 9 oder 10 in einem Entlüftungssystem, zum Beispiel einer Kraftstoffanlage oder/und vor einem Kraftstoffadsorber.11. Use of the oleophobic inorganic membrane according to claim 9 or 10 in a ventilation system, for example a fuel system and / or in front of a fuel adsorber.
12. Kraftstoffadsorber, enthaltend mindestens eine oleophobe anorganische Membran nach Anspruch 9 oder 10.12. A fuel adsorber containing at least one oleophobic inorganic membrane according to claim 9 or 10.
13. Kraftstoffadsorptionsstrecke, enthaltend den Kraftstoffadsorber nach Anspruch 12.13. A fuel adsorption section containing the fuel adsorber according to claim 12.
14. Entlüftungssystem einer Kraftstoffanlage, enthaltend eine Membran nach Anspruch 9 oder 10 und/oder den Kraftstoffadsorber nach Anspruch 12 und/oder enthaltend die Kraftstoffadsorptionsstrecke nach Anspruch 13. 14. Venting system of a fuel system, comprising a membrane according to claim 9 or 10 and / or the fuel adsorber according to claim 12 and / or containing the fuel adsorption section according to claim 13.
EP05716077A 2004-03-17 2005-03-15 Oleophobic inorganic membranes and method for the production thereof Withdrawn EP1727614A1 (en)

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DE102004013173A DE102004013173B4 (en) 2004-03-17 2004-03-17 Oleophobic inorganic membranes and process for their preparation
PCT/EP2005/002747 WO2005089916A1 (en) 2004-03-17 2005-03-15 Oleophobic inorganic membranes and method for the production thereof

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US20100024898A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 General Electric Company Fuel tank vent including a membrane separator
DE102018206970A1 (en) * 2018-05-04 2019-11-07 Mahle International Gmbh Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine

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WO2005089916A1 (en) 2005-09-29
US20070190386A1 (en) 2007-08-16
JP2007529302A (en) 2007-10-25
DE102004013173B4 (en) 2006-04-13
CA2560270A1 (en) 2005-09-29

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