EP1716943B1 - Sintered support for core for cast iron cylinder case - Google Patents
Sintered support for core for cast iron cylinder case Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1716943B1 EP1716943B1 EP06300404A EP06300404A EP1716943B1 EP 1716943 B1 EP1716943 B1 EP 1716943B1 EP 06300404 A EP06300404 A EP 06300404A EP 06300404 A EP06300404 A EP 06300404A EP 1716943 B1 EP1716943 B1 EP 1716943B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cast iron
- ferrous material
- core
- iron
- prop
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0002—Cylinder arrangements
- F02F7/0007—Crankcases of engines with cylinders in line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C21/00—Flasks; Accessories therefor
- B22C21/12—Accessories
- B22C21/14—Accessories for reinforcing or securing moulding materials or cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing by molding in a sand mold a crankcase of internal combustion engine cylinders.
- the internal combustion engine cylinder housings made of cast iron, are entirely molded by a molding process in a sand mold.
- This sand mold consists of an outer shell or outer core entirely made of sand, as well as a number of inner cores, also entirely made of sand and intended to form hollow internal parts inside the housing. After molding and after solidification of the cast iron which is poured into the mold, the cores are removed by shaking, that is to say by vibration, and shot blasting.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a means for making props, more convenient and more economical than the means known from the prior art, and which, moreover, allows to better adapt the nature of the material of which are constituted the props to the nature of the molding material.
- the subject of the invention is a method of manufacturing, by molding in a sand mold, a cast iron part comprising at least one thin chamber, according to which a mold is used comprising at least one inner core intended to constitute the thin chamber of the workpiece, said core comprising a retaining strut which remains embedded in the casting of the piece after molding, and which is made of sintered ferrous material.
- the sintered ferrous material is a ferrous material without carbon and, for example, iron.
- the ferrous material may also be an alloy of iron and molybdenum containing between 0.5% and 2.5% molybdenum.
- the sintered ferrous material has a density of 5.5 to 7.5.
- the part produced by means of the method is, for example, an internal combustion engine cylinder casing and in that the thin chamber is the water box of said casing.
- the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder casing made of cast iron of the type comprising at least one stanchion embedded in the cast iron, consisting of a sintered ferrous material at least partially impregnated with cast iron.
- the interface between the strut and the body of the housing consists of a dense zone of thickness between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm having a substantially pearlitic structure.
- An internal combustion engine cylinder casing is a piece known in itself which, as shown in section at figure 1 , comprises a plurality of cylinders 1 each delimited by drums 2 surrounded by hollow zones 3 used for the circulation of a cooling fluid.
- a housing is made of cast iron by molding and, as seen on the figure 1 in the areas between two adjacent barrels, metal parts 4 called stanchions are embedded in the cast iron. These struts 4 are parts intended to consolidate the sand mold used for the manufacture of the housing and remain in place after molding.
- the sand mold has various elements, and in particular a core such as the core shown in FIG. figure 2 , intended to produce the water chamber 3 of the cylinder housing.
- the core 5 which is sand, has relatively thin walls 6 and whose spacing is imposed by the holding parts 4.
- stanchions are metal parts intended to be embedded in the melt of the housing and to remain trapped in this melt.
- This mold structure for making a cast iron cylinder casing by the sand molding process is known in itself generally.
- the struts 4 are made in a novel way by powder metallurgy using a powder of a metal material which is sintered, so as to form a solid body having the desired shape and a certain porosity.
- the material of which the stanchion is made is a ferrous material such as pure or substantially pure iron, that is to say iron whose elements other than iron are only impurities resulting from the elaboration.
- the material may also be alloyed iron with a relatively limited amount of alloying elements such as molybdenum. In particular, the material can be almost pure iron containing up to 1.5% molybdenum.
- the part obtained has a density that can be adjusted according to the sintering conditions, and this density can vary between 5.5 and 7.5, and preferably between 6 and 7 and better, be of the order of 6.8 .
- casings with pure iron stanchions having a density of 6 have been made.
- a micrographic examination has shown that the liquid metal penetrates by capillarity into the pores to the heart of the stanchion and that it resulted in an improvement of the hardness and an increase of the density of the stanchion.
- this joining layer is essentially formed of metal supplied by the casting, that is to say of cast iron and that its structure is pearlitic (without graphite lamella).
- the sulphides that were present in the cast iron are found in the thickness of the tie layer.
- the props are enriched in carbon by migration of carbon from the cast iron to the stanchion, and that this increase of the carbon content is all the more important that the density is low. .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de fabrication par moulage dans un moule en sable d'un carter de cylindres de moteur à combustion interne.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing by molding in a sand mold a crankcase of internal combustion engine cylinders.
Les carters de cylindres de moteur à combustion interne, réalisés en fonte, sont entièrement moulés par un procédé de moulage dans un moule de sable. Ce moule de sable est constitué d'une enveloppe extérieure ou noyau extérieur entièrement constitué de sable, ainsi que d'un certain nombre de noyaux intérieurs, également entièrement constitués de sable et destinés à former des parties internes évidées à l'intérieur du carter. Après moulage et après solidification de la fonte qui est versée dans le moule, les noyaux sont éliminés par décochage, c'est-à-dire par vibration, et par grenaillage.The internal combustion engine cylinder housings, made of cast iron, are entirely molded by a molding process in a sand mold. This sand mold consists of an outer shell or outer core entirely made of sand, as well as a number of inner cores, also entirely made of sand and intended to form hollow internal parts inside the housing. After molding and after solidification of the cast iron which is poured into the mold, the cores are removed by shaking, that is to say by vibration, and shot blasting.
Lors de la coulée, des efforts mécaniques et thermiques sont exercés par la fonte sur les noyaux, ce qui peut engendrer des risques de déformation ou de déplacement de ces noyaux, notamment au niveau des zones où la toile, c'est-à-dire l'épaisseur des noyaux, est faible et en particulier inférieure à 3 mm. C'est notamment le cas des noyaux destinés à réaliser la chambre à eau des carters cylindres, ces chambres à eau étant des espaces situés autour des fûts des cylindres, destinés à assurer une circulation d'eau pour le refroidissement du carter lors de son utilisation. Afin de maintenir en place les noyaux destinés à réaliser ces boîtes à eau, et notamment dans l'espace entre deux fûts adjacents, on dispose des pièces de maintien appelées étançons, constituées de matières métalliques et destinées à maintenir les noyaux pendant la coulée. Ces étançons sont totalement noyés dans la fonte du carter au moment de la coulée et donc, restent à l'intérieur du carter et en font partie intégrante. Afin que ces pièces rapportées à l'intérieur des carters ne soient pas des zones de fragilité, il est nécessaire qu'elles soient parfaitement soudées à la fonte qui les enveloppe. Pour cela, on utilise des étançons en acier doux ferritique R.ST.36-2 DIN 17111, revêtus d'étain. Ces pièces sont mises en forme par frappe à froid. Le revêtement d'étain a pour fonction de favoriser la cohésion entre l'acier de l'étançon et la fonte du carter cylindre. II est par ailleurs connu de
Cette solution présente cependant quelques inconvénients : la réalisation en grande série d'étançons ayant des formes complexes est relativement coûteuse, la nécessité d'utiliser un revêtement en étain pour obtenir une bonne liaison avec la fonte qui est relativement coûteux, des limitations dans les possibilités de choix de matériaux pour réaliser l'étançon, et enfin le fait que ces étançons, même après moulage, ont des compositions sensiblement différentes de celles de la fonte et restent des corps étrangers.However, this solution has a few drawbacks: the mass production of struts having complex shapes is relatively expensive, the need to use a tin coating to obtain a good bond with the cast iron which is relatively expensive, limitations in the possibilities choice of materials to achieve the stanchion, and finally the fact that these stanchions, even after molding, have compositions substantially different from those of the cast iron and remain foreign bodies.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un moyen pour réaliser des étançons, plus commode et plus économique que les moyens connus de l'art antérieur, et qui, en outre, permet d'adapter au mieux la nature du matériau dont sont constitués les étançons à la nature du matériau de moulage.The object of the present invention is to provide a means for making props, more convenient and more economical than the means known from the prior art, and which, moreover, allows to better adapt the nature of the material of which are constituted the props to the nature of the molding material.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication par moulage dans un moule en sable d'une pièce en fonte comportant au moins une chambre mince, selon lequel on utilise un moule comprenant au moins un noyau interne destiné à constituer la chambre mince de la pièce, ledit noyau comprenant un étançon de maintien qui reste noyé dans la fonte de la pièce après moulage, et qui est en matériau ferreux fritté.To this end, the subject of the invention is a method of manufacturing, by molding in a sand mold, a cast iron part comprising at least one thin chamber, according to which a mold is used comprising at least one inner core intended to constitute the thin chamber of the workpiece, said core comprising a retaining strut which remains embedded in the casting of the piece after molding, and which is made of sintered ferrous material.
De préférence, le matériau ferreux fritté est un matériau ferreux sans carbone et, par exemple, du fer.Preferably, the sintered ferrous material is a ferrous material without carbon and, for example, iron.
Le matériau ferreux peut également être un alliage de fer et de molybdène contenant entre 0,5% et 2,5% de molybdène.The ferrous material may also be an alloy of iron and molybdenum containing between 0.5% and 2.5% molybdenum.
De préférence, le matériau ferreux fritté à une densité comprise entre 5,5 et 7,5.Preferably, the sintered ferrous material has a density of 5.5 to 7.5.
La pièce réalisée à l'aide du procédé est, par exemple, un carter de cylindres de moteur à combustion interne et en ce que la chambre mince est la boîte à eau dudit carter.The part produced by means of the method is, for example, an internal combustion engine cylinder casing and in that the thin chamber is the water box of said casing.
L'invention concerne également un carter de cylindre de moteur à combustion interne en fonte du type comprenant au moins un étançon noyé dans la fonte, constitué d'un matériau ferreux fritté au moins partiellement imprégné de fonte.The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine cylinder casing made of cast iron of the type comprising at least one stanchion embedded in the cast iron, consisting of a sintered ferrous material at least partially impregnated with cast iron.
De préférence, l'interface entre l'étançon et le corps du carter est constitué d'une zone dense d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,1 mm et 0,5 mm ayant une structure essentiellement perlitique.Preferably, the interface between the strut and the body of the housing consists of a dense zone of thickness between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm having a substantially pearlitic structure.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite de façon plus précise mais non limitative en regard des figures annexées, dans lesquelles :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un carter de cylindre de moteur à combustion interne, - la
figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un noyau de moulage de la chambre à eau d'un carter de moteur à combustion interne, - la
figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un étançon utilisé pour consolider les noyaux.
- the
figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an internal combustion engine cylinder casing, - the
figure 2 is a perspective view of a molding core of the water chamber of an internal combustion engine casing, - the
figure 3 is a perspective view of a prop used to consolidate nuclei.
Un carter de cylindre de moteur à combustion interne est une pièce connue en elle-même qui, comme représenté en coupe à la
Le moule en sable comporte différents éléments, et notamment un noyau tel que le noyau représenté à la
Cette structure de moule pour réaliser un carter de cylindre en fonte par le procédé de moulage au sable, est connue en elle-même d'une façon générale.This mold structure for making a cast iron cylinder casing by the sand molding process is known in itself generally.
En revanche, selon l'invention, les étançons 4 sont réalisés d'une façon nouvelle par métallurgie des poudres en utilisant une poudre d'un matériau métallique qui est frittée, de façon à former un corps solide ayant la forme voulue ainsi qu'une certaine porosité. Le matériau dont est constitué l'étançon est un matériau ferreux tel que du fer pur ou pratiquement pur, c'est-à-dire du fer dont les éléments autres que le fer ne sont que des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration. Le matériau peut également être du fer allié avec une quantité relativement limitée d'éléments d'alliage tels que le molybdène. En particulier, le matériau peut être du fer quasiment pur contenant jusqu'à 1,5% de molybdène.In contrast, according to the invention, the struts 4 are made in a novel way by powder metallurgy using a powder of a metal material which is sintered, so as to form a solid body having the desired shape and a certain porosity. The material of which the stanchion is made is a ferrous material such as pure or substantially pure iron, that is to say iron whose elements other than iron are only impurities resulting from the elaboration. The material may also be alloyed iron with a relatively limited amount of alloying elements such as molybdenum. In particular, the material can be almost pure iron containing up to 1.5% molybdenum.
La pièce obtenue a une densité qui peut être ajustée en fonction des conditions de frittage, et cette densité peut varier entre 5,5 et 7,5, et de préférence entre 6 et 7 et mieux, être de l'ordre de 6,8.The part obtained has a density that can be adjusted according to the sintering conditions, and this density can vary between 5.5 and 7.5, and preferably between 6 and 7 and better, be of the order of 6.8 .
La technique de fabrication par frittage de pièces telles que les étançons selon l'invention est connue en elle-même de l'homme du métier.The sintering technique of parts such as props according to the invention is known in itself to those skilled in the art.
Lorsqu'on réalise des carters de cylindres de moteurs à combustion interne en fonte en utilisant des moules dont les étançons sont des étançons en matériaux ferreux frittés comme les étançons selon l'invention, ces étançons se noient dans la fonte. Du fait de leur porosité, la fonte pénètre par capillarité à l'intérieur des étançons. C'est en particulier le cas lorsque la densité est inférieure à 6,5.When casings of cast iron internal combustion engine cylinders are made by using molds whose props are stents made of sintered ferrous materials, such as the props according to the invention, these props are drowned in the cast iron. Because of their porosity, the cast iron penetrates by capillarity inside the props. This is particularly the case when the density is less than 6.5.
A titre d'exemple, on a réalisé des carters avec des étançons en fer pur ayant une densité de 6. Avec de tels étançons, un examen micrographique a montré que le métal liquide pénétrait par capillarité dans les porosités jusqu'au coeur de l'étançon et qu'il en résultait une amélioration de la dureté et une augmentation de la densité de l'étançon.By way of example, casings with pure iron stanchions having a density of 6 have been made. With such struts, a micrographic examination has shown that the liquid metal penetrates by capillarity into the pores to the heart of the stanchion and that it resulted in an improvement of the hardness and an increase of the density of the stanchion.
On a constaté également, en réalisant des carters avec des étançons de différentes densités, que la zone de jonction entre la fonte et les étançons s'étendait sur tout le pourtour de ceux-ci, qu'elle avait une épaisseur qui pouvait varier entre 0,1 et 0,5 mm, et que cette épaisseur était fonction de la densité du métal fritté ayant servi à réaliser l'étançon. En particulier, lorsque l'étançon est réalisé avec un fritté ayant une densité de 6, l'épaisseur de la couche de jonction entre la fonte et l'étançon est de l'ordre de 0,2 mm, alors que lorsque l'étançon a une densité de 7, l'épaisseur de cette couche de jonction est de l'ordre de 0,25 mm. On a constaté également que cette couche de jonction est essentiellement formée de métal apporté par la coulée, c'est-à-dire de fonte et que sa structure est perlitique (sans lamelle de graphite). En outre, les sulfures qui étaient présents dans la fonte se retrouvent dans l'épaisseur de la couche de jonction.It has also been found, by producing casings with stanchions of different densities, that the zone of junction between the cast iron and the stanchions extended all around them, that it had a thickness that could vary between 0 , 1 and 0.5 mm, and that this thickness was a function of the density of the sintered metal used to make the stanchion. In particular, when the prop is made with a sinter having a density of 6, the thickness of the tie layer between the cast iron and the prop is of the order of 0.2 mm, whereas when the stanchion is has a density of 7, the thickness of this junction layer is of the order of 0.25 mm. It has also been found that this joining layer is essentially formed of metal supplied by the casting, that is to say of cast iron and that its structure is pearlitic (without graphite lamella). In addition, the sulphides that were present in the cast iron are found in the thickness of the tie layer.
On constate également qu'au cours de la coulée, les étançons s'enrichissent en carbone par migration du carbone de la fonte vers l'étançon, et que cette augmentation de la teneur en carbone est d'autant plus importante que la densité est faible.It is also noted that during the casting, the props are enriched in carbon by migration of carbon from the cast iron to the stanchion, and that this increase of the carbon content is all the more important that the density is low. .
On remarque enfin que la présence de ferrite dans la ceinture de liaison entre la fonte et l'étançon n'affecte pas le transfert thermique à travers cette zone, puisque le coefficient de conduction thermique de l'acier est supérieur à celui du gaz dans le cas où il y a des cavités dans le fritté, et/ ou du graphite dans le cas de la fonte.Finally, it is noted that the presence of ferrite in the connecting belt between the cast iron and the stanchion does not affect the heat transfer through this zone, since the heat conduction coefficient of the steel is greater than that of the gas in the where there are cavities in the sinter, and / or graphite in the case of melting.
Claims (8)
- A manufacturing method by moulding in a sand mould of a cast iron part, comprising at least one thin chamber (3) according to which a mould is used comprising at least one internal core (5) intended to constitute the thin chamber (3) of the part, the said core comprising a support prop (4) which remains embedded in the cast iron of the part after moulding, characterized in that the prop is made of sintered ferrous material.
- The method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sintered ferrous material is a ferrous material without carbon.
- The method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the ferrous material without carbon is iron.
- The method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the ferrous material is an alloy of iron and molybdenum containing between 0.5% and 2.5% molybdenum.
- The method according to any of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the sintered ferrous material has a density comprised between 5.5 and 7.5.
- The method according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the part is a cylinder casing of an internal combustion engine and in that the thin chamber (3) is the water box of the said casing.
- A cylinder casing of an internal combustion engine of cast iron of the type comprising at least one prop (4) embedded in the cast iron, characterized in that the prop (4) is of a sintered ferrous material at least partially impregnated with cast iron.
- A cylinder casing of an internal combustion engine according to Claim 7, characterized in that the junction zone between the prop (4) and the body of the casing has a thickness comprised between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0504430A FR2885061B1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2005-04-29 | SINK ETAN FOR CASTER CYLINDER CAST IRON |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1716943A1 EP1716943A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
EP1716943B1 true EP1716943B1 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
Family
ID=35414607
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06300404A Not-in-force EP1716943B1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2006-04-25 | Sintered support for core for cast iron cylinder case |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1716943B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE477869T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006016192D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2885061B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012110592A1 (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | Martinrea Honsel Germany Gmbh | A method of manufacturing a cylinder crankcase and a casting block assembly for a cylinder crankcase |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013101942B3 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-07-31 | Ks Aluminium-Technologie Gmbh | Coolant jacket core and method for producing a coolant jacket core |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4446906A (en) * | 1980-11-13 | 1984-05-08 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making a cast aluminum based engine block |
JPS61182848A (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Chaplet |
AT388319B (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-06-12 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | CASTING CORE FOR THE WATER JACKET OF A CYLINDER BLOCK OF A MULTI-CYLINDER PISTON PISTON COMBUSTION ENGINE |
DE19832718A1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-01-27 | Vaw Alucast Gmbh | Cast aluminum engine block for internal combustion motor |
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 FR FR0504430A patent/FR2885061B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-04-25 EP EP06300404A patent/EP1716943B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-04-25 AT AT06300404T patent/ATE477869T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-04-25 DE DE602006016192T patent/DE602006016192D1/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012110592A1 (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | Martinrea Honsel Germany Gmbh | A method of manufacturing a cylinder crankcase and a casting block assembly for a cylinder crankcase |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2885061A1 (en) | 2006-11-03 |
DE602006016192D1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
EP1716943A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
ATE477869T1 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
FR2885061B1 (en) | 2007-07-27 |
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