EP1716385B1 - Elektro-pyrotechnischer zünder mit wärmeabführung - Google Patents

Elektro-pyrotechnischer zünder mit wärmeabführung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1716385B1
EP1716385B1 EP05707343A EP05707343A EP1716385B1 EP 1716385 B1 EP1716385 B1 EP 1716385B1 EP 05707343 A EP05707343 A EP 05707343A EP 05707343 A EP05707343 A EP 05707343A EP 1716385 B1 EP1716385 B1 EP 1716385B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
resistor element
heater resistor
heat dissipator
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05707343A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1716385A1 (de
Inventor
Yann Le Gallic
Rémi PADEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Autoliv Development AB
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Autoliv Development AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Autoliv Development AB filed Critical Autoliv Development AB
Publication of EP1716385A1 publication Critical patent/EP1716385A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1716385B1 publication Critical patent/EP1716385B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/103—Mounting initiator heads in initiators; Sealing-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/124—Bridge initiators characterised by the configuration or material of the bridge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electropyrotechnic initiator.
  • the field of application of the invention relates to initiators for firing the pyrotechnic charges of gas generators for activating devices for protecting the occupants of motor vehicles, such as, for example, air bags.
  • such an initiator comprises a pyrotechnic ignition charge and a heater resistor element covered by the pyrotechnic ignition charge to ignite it by the Joule effect.
  • Two electrodes are provided for being fed with electricity.
  • electropyrotechnic initiators is influenced by the pair constituted by the resistor element and the ignition pyrotechnic charge, and by the sensitivity imparted to such initiators by the pair used.
  • the all-fire threshold corresponds to the limit value for electrical current passing via the electrodes, above which it is certain that the initiator will function, i.e. that the ignition pyrotechnic charge will ignite.
  • the no-fire threshold corresponds to the limiting value for electrical current passing via the electrodes, below which it is certain that the initiator will not function, i.e. that the ignition pyrotechnic charge will not ignite.
  • Document US-A-6 272 965 concerns an electro-explosive device ("EED") having resistors fabricated on a thermally conductive substrate and interconnected by a central bridge element.
  • the resistance of the bridge element is lower than that of the resistors, which have a larger surface area to volume ratio.
  • a layer of zirconium is placed on the bridge element and explodes into a plasma along with the bridge element in order to ignite a pyrotechnic compound.
  • the substrate using integrated circuit fabrication techniques and the conductive bridge of the EED is overcoated with a composite overcoat comprising a metal and an oxidizer, which produces a chemical explosion upon plasma vaporization of the conductive bridge.
  • the EED comprises a silicon wafer, or a thermally conductive but electrically insulating substrate, such as alumina, which has layers of silicon dioxide grown on the front and back surfaces.
  • the silicon dioxide layers electrically insulate the substrate while providing a low thermal path of resistance across the front and back surfaces of the substrate.
  • the substrate has a nominal low resistivity.
  • a layer of titanium is vapor deposited onto the front surface followed by a layer of zirconium. The zirconium/titanium layer is then selectively etched away to form a bowtie pattern having a central bridge portion.
  • a layer of titanium/nickel/gold is deposited over the back layer of silicon dioxide and Ti/Ni/Au layers are also deposited over the ends of the bowtie shaped zirconium layer to form contact pads.
  • the resistance of the EED is comprised of three resistors in series, with Rland being the resistance through the Ti/Ni/Au layers to either end of the bowtie-shaped zirconium layer and Rbow being the resistance of the bowtie-shaped zirconium layer. With low levels of input signals, the resistances Rland have a much larger surface to volume ratio than the resistance Rbow. Thus, at these levels, the resistances Rland receive most of the energy from the input signals and convert the energy into heat.
  • the Ti/Ni/Au contacts present a large surface area for the conduction of heat through the top silicon dioxide layer, through the thermally conductive substrate and to the header.
  • the zirconium-shaped bowtie dissipates only a fraction of the heat and remains relatively cool.
  • the EED is ignited by supplying a firing signal which has a relatively high intensity.
  • the resistances Rland comprise metal-oxide variable resistances which are formed between the titanium layer in contacts and an oxide-phase layer formed on the zirconium layer.
  • the metal-oxide variable resistances Rland have a relatively high resistance at lower voltages.
  • the metal-oxide resistances Rland decrease substantially and become small in comparison to the resistance Rbow.
  • the resistance Rbow will become the largest resistance and will accordingly receive most of the energy from the firing signal until the zirconium layer vaporizes in a plasma.
  • the container 2 is made of thin light metal, e.g. aluminum, and its plane wall 8 is advantageously weakened so as to open easily under the effect of an increase in the pressure that exists inside the container.
  • the overmolding 6 is preferably made of a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, for example.
  • the body 3 is made out of a dense metal such as steel, for example.
  • the body 3 presents a plane top face 9 and a likewise plane bottom face 15, and over its full height h, it encases an electrically-insulating structure through which there pass two electrically-conducting electrodes 12 and 13.
  • This structure for passing the two electrodes 12 and 13 is vitreous, for example.
  • the two electrodes 12 and 13 are in the form of pins, for example.
  • this structure for passing the two electrodes 12 and 13 is formed by two hollow electrically-insulating tubes 10 and 11, e.g. made of glass, themselves encasing respective ones of the two electrodes 12 and 13.
  • the structure for passing the two electrodes 12 and 13 could comprise a single tube 10 or 11 encasing the corresponding electrode 12 or 13.
  • the body 3 could be electrically-insulating, and could itself encase the electrodes 12 and 13 directly without using tubes 10 and 11, with the body then being made of glass, for example.
  • one of the electrodes 12, 13 surrounded by an electrically-insulating tube 10, 11 may be of the coaxial type, i.e. being electrically connected to the body 3 via a connection situated beneath it.
  • a heat dissipator 31 is provided between the support 16 and the heater resistor element 17.
  • This heat dissipator 31 is electrically insulated from the electrodes 12 and 13 and from the resistor element 17 by any appropriate means that also enables the heat produced by the heater resistor element 17 to be conducted towards the heat dissipator 31.
  • the heat dissipator 31 does not touch the heater resistor element 17.
  • the heat dissipator 31 conducts heat and serves to dissipate the heat produced by the heater resistor element 17 towards the support 16.
  • the heat dissipator presents thermal conductivity greater than or equal to 100 milliwatts per centimeter per Kelvin (mW/cm.K) (which applies to Constantan, being the least thermally conductive of copper-based alloys), and is preferably greater than or equal to 200 mW/cm.K.
  • mW/cm.K milliwatts per centimeter per Kelvin
  • the heat dissipator 31 is constituted, for example, by a heat-conducting layer 31 of determined and continuous thickness, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the heat dissipator 31 is electrically conductive, e.g. being made of metal, such as copper or aluminum. Naturally, any other heat conducting material could be used for the heat dissipator 31.
  • a second layer 33 of heat-conducting and electrically-insulating adhesive is interposed between the heat dissipator 31 and the support 16.
  • the layer 33 of adhesive provides physical contact between the dissipator 31 and the support 16.
  • the first and second layers 32 and 33 surround all sides of the heat dissipator 31 between the support 16, the heater resistor element 17, and the channels 22, 23 for passing the electrodes 12, 13, meeting each other between each channel 22, 23 and the thickness of the heat dissipator 31, so that the heat dissipator 31 is then embedded in the first and second layers 32 and 33.
  • the first and second layers 32 and 33 meet around the channels 22 and 23 where they provide support for the electrically-conducting layer 25.
  • the second layer 33 of adhesive is omitted beneath the heat dissipator 31, and the heat dissipator 31 is in direct contact with the support 16.
  • the heat dissipator 31 is positioned in the desired location on the support 16 which has a plane top surface, and the layer 32 of adhesives followed by the circuit 18 are then deposited on the heat dissipator 31 and the support 16.
  • the first layer 32 of adhesive surrounds the top and the sides of the heat dissipator 31 between the support 16, the heater resistor element 17, and the channels 22 and 23 for passing the electrodes 12 and 13, and meets between each channel 22, 23 and the heat dissipator 31 the support 16.
  • the first layer 32 surrounds the channels 22 and 23 where it acts as a support for the electrically-conducting layer 25.
  • the dissipator 31 may be inserted in part in the thickness direction in a corresponding recess in the support 16, so that its bottom surface 34 and a fraction of its flanks 35 come into contact with the recess in the support 16, as shown in Figure 4 .
  • the presence of the heat dissipator 31 enables the value of the no-fire threshold to be set and raised so as to reduce the difference between the no-fire threshold and the all-fire threshold, as shown in the table below, where the no-fire current and the all-fire current are given with reliability of 99.9%, the element 17 being made of NiCr, and where the no-fire current is raised by more than 44% by the presence of the dissipator. This makes the operation of the initiator more reliable. Initiator No-fire current in mA (10 s/+90°C) All-fire current in mA (2 ms/-40°C) With heat dissipator (17 micrometer thick copper layer) 551 1005 Without heat dissipator 381 998

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder, umfassend:
    - eine pyrotechnische Zündladung (19, 21);
    - ein Heizwiderstandselement (17), das von der pyrotechnischen Zündladung (19, 21) bedeckt ist;
    - zwei Elektroden (12, 13) zum Zuführen von Strom dem Heizwiderstandselement (16); und
    - eine Stütze (16) für das Heizwiderstandselement; und
    zwischen der Stütze (16) und dem Heizerwiderstandselement (17) und unterhalb wenigstens des Heizwiderstandselements (17):
    - einen Wärmeableiter (31) zum Ableiten von Wärme, die von dem Heizwiderstandselement (17) erzeugt wird, in Richtung der Stütze (16);
    wobei der Zünder dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass er ferner umfasst
    - eine erste Schicht (32) des wärmeleitenden und elektrisch isolierenden Klebers, die zwischen dem Heizwiderstandselement (17) und dem Wärmeableiter (31) positioniert ist.
  2. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeableiter (31) eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit größer oder gleich 100 mW/cm.K aufweist.
  3. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite Schicht (33) wärmeleitenden und elektrisch isolierenden Klebers zwischen dem Wärmeableiter (31) und der Stütze (16) positioniert ist.
  4. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeableiter (31) in direktem Kontakt mit der Stütze (16) ist.
  5. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeableiter (31) durch eine wärmeleitende Schicht (31) gebildet ist.
  6. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeableiter (31) aus einem Material ausgewählt aus Metallmaterialien und Keramikmaterialien gemacht ist.
  7. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeableiter (31) aus einem Material ausgewählt aus Kupfer, Aluminium, Legierungen davon, oder Oxide davon gemacht ist.
  8. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeableiter (31) unterhalb des Heizwiderstandselements (17) gelegen ist.
  9. Elektropyrotechnischer Zünder gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Heizwiderstandselement (17) von zwei elektrischen Kontakten (26, 27) bedeckt ist, die getrennt voneinander und jeweils in Kontakt mit einer der beiden Elektroden (12, 13) sind.
EP05707343A 2004-02-11 2005-02-09 Elektro-pyrotechnischer zünder mit wärmeabführung Not-in-force EP1716385B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0401333A FR2866106B1 (fr) 2004-02-11 2004-02-11 Initiateur electro-pyrotechnique a dissipation de chaleur
PCT/EP2005/001400 WO2005078377A1 (en) 2004-02-11 2005-02-09 An electropyrotechnic initiator with heat dissipation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1716385A1 EP1716385A1 (de) 2006-11-02
EP1716385B1 true EP1716385B1 (de) 2010-09-29

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ID=34778670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05707343A Not-in-force EP1716385B1 (de) 2004-02-11 2005-02-09 Elektro-pyrotechnischer zünder mit wärmeabführung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1716385B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4800975B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE483149T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005023835D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2866106B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005078377A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014016923B3 (de) * 2014-11-17 2016-02-25 Elisabeth Dürschinger Zündkapsel für Insassen-Rückhaltesysteme
WO2016078634A1 (de) 2014-11-17 2016-05-26 Günter Dürschinger Zündkapsel für insassen-rückhaltesysteme
DE102015014124A1 (de) 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Ems-Patvag s.r.o. Zündkapsel für Insassen-Rückhaltesysteme

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5774808B2 (ja) 2007-10-30 2015-09-09 オートリブ ディベロップメント アクティエボラーグ 加熱抵抗素子を有する電気式発火始動器
CA2732369C (en) * 2008-07-28 2013-09-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Reflector and gas oven range comprising the same
KR101578897B1 (ko) 2014-12-01 2015-12-17 주식회사 한화 기폭관의 저에너지 폭발형 박막조립체

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227083A (en) * 1964-01-30 1966-01-04 Holex Inc Electroexplosive cartridge with heat sink button
US3449999A (en) * 1967-04-24 1969-06-17 Myron A Coler Method of making an electrical initiator
US3420174A (en) * 1967-09-29 1969-01-07 Us Navy Pulse sensitive electro-explosive device
US3906858A (en) * 1974-07-30 1975-09-23 Us Eneregy Research And Dev Ad Miniature igniter
US4103619A (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-08-01 Nasa Electroexplosive device
JPH07324897A (ja) * 1994-05-30 1995-12-12 Sensor Technol Kk 点火装置
US5847309A (en) * 1995-08-24 1998-12-08 Auburn University Radio frequency and electrostatic discharge insensitive electro-explosive devices having non-linear resistances

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014016923B3 (de) * 2014-11-17 2016-02-25 Elisabeth Dürschinger Zündkapsel für Insassen-Rückhaltesysteme
WO2016078634A1 (de) 2014-11-17 2016-05-26 Günter Dürschinger Zündkapsel für insassen-rückhaltesysteme
US10209041B2 (en) 2014-11-17 2019-02-19 Ems-Patvag s.r.o. Detonator for passenger restraint systems
DE102015014124A1 (de) 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Ems-Patvag s.r.o. Zündkapsel für Insassen-Rückhaltesysteme

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602005023835D1 (de) 2010-11-11
JP4800975B2 (ja) 2011-10-26
WO2005078377A1 (en) 2005-08-25
EP1716385A1 (de) 2006-11-02
JP2007522428A (ja) 2007-08-09
FR2866106B1 (fr) 2007-03-30
ATE483149T1 (de) 2010-10-15
FR2866106A1 (fr) 2005-08-12

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