EP1710193B1 - Fastening assembly for installing elevator guide rails - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sleeve for receiving at least one spring, a spring arrangement, a fastening arrangement for fastening retaining elements, in particular retaining brackets for guide rails of elevators, and a method for fastening these retaining elements.

A known way of securing elevator parts, for example guide rails in a hoistway, is to fasten the guide rails to the wall with screws whose heads are arranged in anchor channels which are concreted in the wall. In this type of attachment is disadvantageous, however, that the position of the anchor rails must already be known at the time of concreting, and that the anchor rails must be so precisely concreted that a vertical course of the guide rails is guaranteed. In the event of later planning of the elevator, modifications or modernization, it is no longer possible to insert anchor channels into the concrete. In this case, the guide rails are attached to holding elements, which in turn are anchored by dowels in the concrete.

These holding elements are provided with recesses which may be formed as holes or slots, but also in any other way in the holding elements. In order to prevent a displacement of the holding elements, the recesses are usually only slightly larger in at least one direction than the dowel extending through the recess.

When mounting the holding elements a distinction is made between two different types of installation, the Vorsteckmontage and Durchsteckmontage.

In the Vorsteckmontage the outer diameter of at least a portion of the dowel is greater than the smallest diameter of an associated recess of the retaining element. This makes it necessary to first mark the holes on the concrete with the aid of the holding element or a template, to remove the holding element or the template, then to put a hole in the concrete and then insert the dowel into the hole before the holding element can be placed over the dowel to the wall. Then the remaining parts of the mounting assembly are mounted, which is usually a screw with washers, which is inserted through the recess in the dowel and tightened.

A disadvantage of pre-plugging is that many assembly steps are needed to assemble the fastener assembly. In addition, it is necessary to carry out the assembly of the items in the elevator shaft. There is a risk that some of the items may be lost and replaced. An advantage of the Vorsteckmontage is that large anchor diameters can be selected to accommodate large forces, but these large diameter result in that the holes deeper and the distances of the holes to each other and adjacent concrete edges must be greater. This leads to larger holding elements and limited choice of attachment location on the wall, which in turn is disadvantageous.

When through-hole mounting, the diameter of the anchor is smaller than the smallest diameter of the recesses of Retaining elements. This makes it possible to first attach the retaining element to the wall, only then drill the hole through the recess of the retaining element and then to assemble the items of the mounting assembly. It is possible to mount the mounting arrangement before, so that the screw, washers and dowels are inserted together in the hole. Thereafter, the fastening arrangement only needs to be tightened. This results in a much simpler assembly process. A disadvantage of the through-hole mounting is that the largest diameter of the anchor is limited to the smallest diameter of the recess and thus the absorbable force can not be chosen arbitrarily large. In order to perform a push-through method, so the dowel must not be greater than the corresponding recess, in which case the largest possible power transmission is to be achieved with the smallest possible dowel.

When operating a lift system different loads occur that must be absorbed by the dowels. Thus, acting with respect to the dowel axis longitudinal and transverse forces on the dowel, especially when driving past the car to the corresponding holding element. The resulting dynamic forces cause losses of tension in the concrete and thus contribute particularly to the relaxation of the anchor in the concrete. In order to reduce or eliminate these unwanted effects, the dowels or the dowel screws are preloaded with a certain force. This bias is achieved by the use of springs between the holding part and the free screw head or the nut. The bias should be such that even with slight withdrawal of the anchor from the bore sufficient preload forces are maintained.

To provide the bias generally disc springs are used. Several disc springs can be combined by arranging against each other or parallel arrangement further so that the combination results in a desired spring travel and a desired spring force. By combining it becomes possible, despite the use of only one type of disc spring, a spring arrangement with the desired spring properties, i. Spring force and travel, to provide. By a higher uniform bias can be achieved that a smaller dowel outer diameter to accommodate the loads occurring is sufficient and thus a through-hole mounting is possible. The disadvantage is that the assembly of the springs must be made on site. On the one hand often go some of the small individual spring elements lost, on the other hand, the springs often tilt on the thread of the screw. In addition, pushing the springs on the screw is a time-consuming fine work, which must also be performed in the elevator shaft.

In a vertical elevator shaft, most of the dowels are installed horizontally. The horizontal position of the dowel axis and the resulting position of the thread and arranged transversely to the dowel axis disc springs can cause the springs rest on the inside of the thread and then cant, which can set lower biasing forces, which is a danger.

For this purpose, the springs can also be combined incorrectly, which under certain circumstances also leads to lower preload forces and then represents a danger.

To solve the problems described above, the dowels have been glued in the wall and the cavities between Wall, dowel and retaining element filled with material, eg plastic. However, it is disadvantageous that special tools and special material are necessary and the adhesive bonds for curing no low temperatures and no changing loads tolerate and that these adhesive anchors are quite expensive, so far no satisfactory solution has been achieved.

The document US 2,936,805 shows a bolt assembly with a sleeve and disc springs, wherein the disc springs are arranged on the sleeve and the sleeve so with a bore into which the bolt is inserted, engages that the disc springs between the element having the bore, and a flange of the Sleeve are arranged.

The document US 6,196,356 B1 shows an apparatus and method for attaching guide rails for elevators, wherein the guide rails can be fixed without welding and the attachment can withstand seismic loads.

The document EP 0 190 596 A1 shows a screw fastening assembly comprising a spring for biasing the screw fastening assembly in the installed state.

In this field of technology, therefore, there is a need for a fastening arrangement which can be mounted easily and quickly and preferably by means of push-through mounting and without special tools, and can even be preassembled with the least possible expenditure of time. In particular, a slight sliding of the spring elements must be ensured.

For this purpose, a spring arrangement with the features of claim 1 and a fastening arrangement with the features of claim 7, presented.

The sleeve serves to receive at least one spring with a passage, wherein the cross section of the sleeve is adapted to the cross section of the passage of the at least one spring.

In one embodiment, the sleeve is provided with at least one slot which allows the sleeve to be compressed at one end and the at least one spring to be more easily slid. In a further embodiment, the sleeve is provided with a continuous slot, so that a compression of the entire sleeve is possible.

The sleeve is preferably provided at least at one end with an outwardly projecting collar, which avoids that the springs can fall down after being pushed onto the sleeve. The sleeve is preferably made of plastic. Furthermore, the sleeve may be formed of metal or of a composite material.

The wall thickness of the sleeve can be formed arbitrarily thick, so that it is possible to adjust the wall thickness of the sleeve so that springs with a passage with a large diameter can be used together with dowels with a small diameter.

The spring arrangement according to the invention comprises a sleeve and at least one spring, which is held on the sleeve so that the sleeve and the at least one spring can be mounted together or form a mounting element. The preferably several springs can thus all be pushed onto the sleeve and are held on it, so that there is a spring element that provides a desired spring force and a desired travel and can be used as a preassembled arrangement. This results in the advantage that the springs do not have to be mounted individually in the hoistway and that the springs spaced from the thread are guided through the sleeve so that they can not tilt on a thread.

As springs plate springs are preferably used. In another embodiment, the springs used are coil springs.

The fastening arrangement according to the invention for fastening retaining elements which have recesses, in particular retaining rails for guide rails of elevators on concrete walls, includes a dowel having a wall-side end, a free end, a clamping portion at the wall-side end for clamping the dowel in a concrete wall, a threaded portion at the free end, a shank between the threaded portion and the clamping portion, and one of a screwed onto the threaded portion Nut existing dowel head includes, and a spring assembly according to the invention, which is pushed onto the dowel.

In one embodiment, at least one washer is further provided, which is pushed onto the dowel and rests against the spring assembly. In this case, a washer between nut and spring arrangement and / or arranged between spring assembly and retaining element. Preferably, the dowel used is a steel anchor.

The diameter of the clamping region, the shaft and the threaded portion of the dowel is preferably substantially the same and nearly equal to or only slightly smaller than the smallest diameter of the recess of the retaining element. This makes it possible to first attach the retaining element to the wall and then insert the dowel through the recess in a provided in the wall bore, which is a prerequisite for through-hole assembly.

In a further embodiment, the diameter of the clamping region is greater than the diameter of the threaded portion of the anchor and the smallest diameter of the recess of the retaining element. Consequently, in this case, the dowel must be inserted into the wall before the holding element is attached to the wall, ie the attachment can be made only by means of Vorsteckmontage.

A method of attaching retaining elements having recesses, in particular retaining tracks for guide rails of elevators in concrete walls, comprises the steps of providing the individual parts of a fastening arrangement according to the invention, marking the drilling site by means of a suitable template, drilling a suitable hole in the concrete wall, inserting the anchor of the fastener assembly into the bore, attaching a retaining member to the concrete wall with the associated recess over the anchor, assembling the remainder of the fastener assembly, and tightening the fastener nut until a desired clamping force is achieved. This method allows the use of dowels having an outer diameter which is larger than the smallest diameter of the recess of the holding element, so that the assembly can be carried out as a Vorsteckmontage.

Another method of attaching retaining elements having recesses, in particular retaining tracks for guide rails of elevators on concrete walls, comprises the steps of providing a preassembled mounting arrangement according to the invention, the attachment of a retaining element to the concrete wall, drilling a suitable bore through one of the recesses in the concrete wall, the insertion of the mounting assembly through the recess in the bore and the tightening of the nut of the mounting assembly until a desired clamping force is reached. By this method, a particularly simple and quick installation of the holding elements is achieved. The mounting arrangement can be pre-assembled with taken in the elevator shaft. Due to the safe guidance of the springs by means of the sleeve tilting of the springs is prevented and their position accurately defined. Thus, a biasing force applied which is large enough to use a dowel with an outer diameter that is small enough that a through-mounting of the mounting arrangement is possible. Thus, an easily, quickly and without special tool mountable mounting arrangement is provided, which is able to take the required dynamic loads fatigue-relevant. By using the sleeve for the spring assembly a high repeat accuracy of Dübelvorspannkraft is achieved at many attachment points in the elevator shaft.

It is understood that the invention is not limited to mounting brackets for guide rails of elevators. In general, the most diverse elevator parts can be used with holding elements in the context of the invention, in particular controls, drives, sleepers, etc. In general, the invention can be used to attach all types of objects to concrete walls.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Figur 1

zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Hülse nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung.

Figur 2

zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Federanordnung nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung.

Figur 3

zeigt eine teilweise Querschnittsansicht der Federanordnung aus Figur 2.

Figur 4

zeigt eine teilweise Querschnittsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung.

Figur 5

zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Haltebügels für Führungsschienen von Aufzügen der mittels eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und einer erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungsanordnung montiert ist.

The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1

shows a perspective view of a sleeve according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2

shows a perspective view of a spring arrangement according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3

shows a partial cross-sectional view of the spring assembly FIG. 2 ,

FIG. 4

shows a partial cross-sectional view of a fastening arrangement according to the invention in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5

shows a perspective view of a retaining clip for guide rails of elevators is mounted by means of a method according to the invention and a fastening arrangement according to the invention.

FIG. 1 illustrates a sleeve 10 according to the invention in a preferred embodiment. The outer diameter of the sleeve 10 substantially corresponds to the inner diameter of a spring 20 (FIG. FIG. 3 ) and is adapted in dimensions to the dimensions of the spring 20 so that the sleeve holds the springs on it. The sleeve 10 has at each end an outwardly curved collar 14, which additionally secures the spring 20 located on the sleeve 20 against slipping. In order to push the springs on the collar 14 on the sleeve, the sleeve 10 is provided in the axial direction with two slots 12. The slots 12 allow the sleeve 10 to be compressed at the slotted end for sliding the springs 20.

In a preferred embodiment, disc springs are used, in the desired arrangement on the sleeve 10 are pushed and held by them. The disc springs can each be arranged against each other or parallel to each other, which influences the spring travel or the spring stiffness of the entire spring assembly. The arrangement of the springs 20 in the FIGS. 2 and 3 is merely an example of a possible arrangement, in principle, any spring combination is conceivable. By postponing the in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3 illustrated spring assembly 60 is formed. The longitudinal axis of the sleeve 10 and the longitudinal axis of the disc springs have the same orientation, ie, the sleeve 10 and the springs 20 are arranged coaxially with each other.

The use of the sleeve 10 together with springs 20 for forming the spring assembly 60 according to the invention is basically not limited to the application example described. The spring arrangement 60 according to the invention can be used in any other field and be advantageous. Wherever several springs 20 are to be arranged on or against each other, the sleeve 10 according to the invention and the spring assembly 60 using this provides a secure guidance of the springs 20 and defines the fixed position of the springs 20. If springs 20 are to be arranged on threads, then can be prevented by means of the sleeve 10 according to the invention and the spring assembly 60 according to the invention generally tilting of the springs with each other or in the thread.

The sleeve 10 is preferably made of plastic, but may also be formed of any other material. The wall thickness of the sleeve 10 can be chosen arbitrarily strong. So it is possible to use different springs 20 with the same dowel or the same dowel with different springs 20. The sleeve 10 takes on the additional function of an adapter piece.

In FIG. 4 For example, a preferred embodiment of a fastener assembly 70 is shown attaching a retainer 30 (shown broken away) to a wall (not shown). The fastening arrangement 70 comprises a spring arrangement 60 according to the invention, which in turn preferably has a plurality of springs 20 and a sleeve 10 according to the invention. The spring assembly 60, together with two washers 58, is slid onto a dowel 50, which in the preferred embodiment is a steel anchor having a wall-side end 51, a free end 52, a clamping portion 53 at the wall-side end 51 for clamping Dowel 50 in a concrete wall, a threaded portion 54 at the free end 52, a shaft 55 between the threaded portion 54 and the clamping portion 53 and a consisting of a screwed onto the threaded portion 54 nut 56 dowel head comprises. The fastener 70 can be pre-assembled and taken in the assembled state by a fitter with in the elevator shaft.

In the preferred embodiment, the dowel 50 used is a steel anchor, but in principle any other suitable dowel shape can be used. These may be one-piece dowel-screw devices, but also mounting arrangements in which the dowel 50 and the screw are two separate elements. In this case, the screw can already partially be rotated into the dowel 50 during pre-assembly of the fastening arrangement 70, so that both parts hold together, but the dowel 50 does not spread apart.

The use of the fastening arrangement 70 according to the invention is not limited to the present application example. It is basically any other use conceivable needed in the inventive mounting arrangements 70.

FIG. 5 shows a holding element or a retaining bracket 30 for a guide rail 40 of an elevator, which has recesses 32 and can be attached to the assembly site directly to the wall. In the embodiment shown, the recesses 32 are elongated holes, but they may also have a circular shape or any other suitable shape. During assembly, a hole of suitable depth is placed in the wall through the recess 32. The number of recesses 32 is not limited to two, it is also only one or more than two recesses conceivable. Likewise, more than one fastening arrangement according to the invention can be arranged in a recess 32. The preassembled mounting assembly 70 is inserted through the recess 32 in the bore and the nut 56 is tightened until a desired clamping force is reached. Thus, the headband 30 can be quickly and easily mounted at its destination in the elevator shaft. The design of the retaining bracket 30 and guide rails 40 is also not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Any suitable form is conceivable. So bpsw. the guide rail 40 and the holding member 30 may be formed integrally.

Claims (11)

1. Spring arrangement having springs (20) and a sleeve (10) for accommodating the springs (20) with a passage, the cross-section of the sleeve (10) being adapted to the cross-section of the passage of the springs (20) and the springs (20) being held on the sleeve (10) such that the sleeve (10) and the springs (20) form an assembly element, characterised in that the sleeve (10) comprises, at each of its ends, an outwardly convex flange (14), so as to define a fixed position of the springs (20) and prevent jamming of the springs (20).
2. Spring arrangement according to claim 1, which is provided with at least one slot (12) in the axial direction.
3. Spring arrangement according to claim 2, which is provided with a continuous slot (12) in the axial direction.
4. Spring arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, which is formed from plastics.
5. Spring arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the springs (20) are plate springs.
6. Spring arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the springs (20) are helical springs.
7. Fixing arrangement for fixing retaining elements (30) which comprise recesses (32), particularly for fixing retaining brackets for elevator guide rails (40) on concrete walls, having

   - a dowel pin (50) which comprises a wall end (51), a free end (52), a clamping region (53) on the wall end (51) for securing the dowel pin (50) in a concrete wall, a threaded region (54) on the free end (52), a shank (55) between the threaded region (54) and the clamping region (53) and a dowel pin head consisting of a nut (56) screwed onto the threaded region (54), and

   - a spring arrangement (60) according to the invention, as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, which is pushed onto the dowel pin (50).
8. Fixing arrangement according to claim 7, having at least one washer (58) which is pushed onto the dowel pin (50) and bears against the spring arrangement (60).
9. Fixing arrangement according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the dowel pin (50) is a steel anchor.
10. Fixing arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the diameter of the clamping region (53), the shank (55) and the threaded region (54) of the dowel pin (50) is substantially equal to the smallest diameter of the recess (32) in the retaining element (30).
11. Fixing arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the diameter of the clamping region (53) of the dowel pin (50) is greater than the diameter of the threaded region (54) of the dowel pin (50) and the smallest diameter of the recess (32) in the retaining element (30).

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