EP1710022B1 - Signalling device comprising an acoustic signal generator - Google Patents

Signalling device comprising an acoustic signal generator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1710022B1
EP1710022B1 EP06003747.0A EP06003747A EP1710022B1 EP 1710022 B1 EP1710022 B1 EP 1710022B1 EP 06003747 A EP06003747 A EP 06003747A EP 1710022 B1 EP1710022 B1 EP 1710022B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
oscillation
frequency
signaling device
signal transmitter
signal
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EP06003747.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1710022A3 (en
EP1710022A2 (en
Inventor
Dirk Rothhaas
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Werma Holding GmbH and Co KG
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Werma Holding GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
    • B06B1/0269—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time for generating multiple frequencies
    • B06B1/0284—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time for generating multiple frequencies with consecutive, i.e. sequential generation, e.g. with frequency sweep
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/40—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups with testing, calibrating, safety devices, built-in protection, construction details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a signaling device, in particular horn or signal tower, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • acoustic signal transmitters are frequently used, e.g. produce a standardized horn of about 200 or 220 kHz.
  • loudspeakers or simple electromechanical honing systems are used with a coil whose movable armature strikes a membrane.
  • speakers are relatively expensive, take up a lot of space and require relatively much energy.
  • the coil-armature systems have the disadvantage that they are also somewhat expensive, require a relatively large amount of space and energy, but also that they have deficits in tone generation.
  • the object of the invention is in contrast to propose a signaling device, in particular horn or signal tower, with at least one acoustic signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, which has a low energy consumption and / or is economically inexpensive to produce.
  • a signal device is characterized in that a sensor unit is provided for detecting the resonant oscillation of the signal generator.
  • the individual. Resonant frequency of the signaling device in the assembled state can be found.
  • component tolerances and / or mounting conditions of the signal generator or the signal device can be compensated.
  • the resonant vibration of the signal generator depends largely on component tolerances and mounting conditions.
  • the invention advantageously makes it possible to operate the acoustic signal generator as accurately as possible with the resonant frequency. Accordingly loud, the signal transmitter can emit the acoustic signal or can be generated with very little energy, a comparatively loud acoustic signal. An economically favorable operation of the signaling device can thus be realized.
  • a test unit is provided with means for exciting one or more test vibrations of the signal generator provided.
  • the signal generator is excitable in such an elegant way that it can swing advantageous in the resonant frequency.
  • the resonant oscillation of the signal generator can be detected with the aid of the sensor unit according to the invention.
  • a single test pulse is provided for exciting a test oscillation.
  • the test unit can be made particularly simple, since only a short abutment or a single deflection of the signal generator is sufficient to detect the resonant vibration of the signal generator according to the invention with the aid of the sensor unit.
  • the test unit is designed to change the frequency of the test oscillation. With the help of this measure, further possibilities open up in order to detect the resonance oscillation of the signal generator according to the invention.
  • the test unit is designed for scanning a frequency band.
  • scanning is understood to mean a tuning or scanning of a frequency band.
  • the frequency band is understood to mean the frequency range which is limited by a lower frequency and an upper frequency.
  • the frequency band is completely and / or continuously scanned or tuned.
  • the resonant frequency of the signal generator is within the frequency band. If the signal generator is subjected to a test oscillation which essentially corresponds to the resonance oscillation, the signal generator oscillates at its maximum amplitude or exhibits a maximum deflection.
  • the sensor unit is designed to detect the amplitude or deflection of the signal generator.
  • the maximum amplitude or the resonant frequency of the signal generator can be determined in a particularly simple manner.
  • the sensor unit is designed to detect the frequency of the signal generator.
  • the frequency can be detected at which the maximum amplitude, in particular when scanning a frequency band, is determined.
  • the response of the signal generator or its frequency and thus the resonance frequency can be determined in an advantageous manner with the aid of the aforementioned measure in the pulse-like excitation of the signal generator with the aid of the advantageous test unit.
  • the signal generator comprises at least one piezoelectric element, for example a piezoelectric disk, in which a piezosubstrate is arranged on a metallic plate or the like.
  • a corresponding piezoelectric element or piezoelectric disk is on the one hand particularly economically favorable and on the other hand can be arranged in a signal device in a particularly space-saving manner. Accordingly, for example, a particularly small signaling device according to the invention can be realized.
  • the feedback connection can be advantageously used to determine the amplitude.
  • the amplitude or deflection of the piezoelectric disk or the piezoelectric element is proportional to the voltage at the feedback connection. This makes it possible to realize a particularly simple determination of the maximum amplitude or deflection according to the invention.
  • the assembled piezoelectric element can be operated very precisely with its resonance frequency in order to generate relatively loud acoustic, in particular low-frequency signals.
  • At least one luminous element in particular one or more light-emitting diodes, is provided.
  • a signal device can be realized, which can also generate at least one optical signal in addition to an acoustic signal. This combination is particularly advantageous in practice.
  • a modulation unit for modulating a carrier oscillation of the signal generator with a modulation oscillation.
  • a change of the generated useful signal is possible in an elegant manner, above all even in the case of signal generators which are of a very simple design.
  • a useful signal is understood according to the invention, the sound that is perceived by the human ear.
  • the useful signal essentially corresponds to the modulation oscillation.
  • a variation of the useful signal or of the sound perceived by the human ear is possible in a particularly simple manner. Due to this, any useful signals can be generated even with very simple acoustic signal generators.
  • the frequency of the carrier oscillation is higher than the frequency of the modulation oscillation.
  • This acoustical signal generator can be used, which advantageously have a comparatively high fundamental frequency or carrier oscillation and generate a relatively low useful signal or a relatively lower sound perceived by the human ear, in particular horn, with the correspondingly lower-frequency modulation oscillation.
  • modulation unit is preferably designed to modulate the amplitude of the carrier oscillation. This produces a particularly advantageous modulated signal or a useful signal which is correspondingly perceived by the human ear.
  • the modulation oscillation is designed as a sinusoidal oscillation.
  • This is a useful signal can be generated, for example, has a sinusoidal change in amplitude.
  • the modulation oscillation is preferably designed as a rectangular oscillation. Although this leads to the useful signal or the perceived sound is perceived by the human ear as a little harmonious, but this is not significant in many applications. In addition, however, a square wave can be generated particularly easily. As a result, the effort to realize the modulation unit or the modulation of the carrier oscillation of the signal generator is particularly easy to implement.
  • the modulation unit according to the invention can be produced and operated correspondingly inexpensively.
  • a vibration phase of the signal generator and a resting phase of the signal generator alternate with the frequency of the modulation oscillation.
  • the modulation can be implemented particularly easily.
  • the carrier frequency is alternately switched on and off, so that advantageously the oscillation phase or the idle phase of the signal generator is realized.
  • a particularly economically favorable embodiment of the invention is realized. This measure is especially for comparatively low frequencies such. for about 200 Hz and thus for standardized horns particularly advantageous.
  • the frequency of the carrier oscillation is substantially the resonant frequency of the signal generator, which is detected in particular according to the invention.
  • the signaling device according to the invention can be operated particularly economically favorable.
  • piezoelectric element In general, just by the combination of the piezoelectric element with the advantageous modulation unit according to the invention it is only possible, in particular commercially available piezoelectric disks, which generally have a resonance frequency of about 3.4 kHz as a fundamental frequency or carrier frequency to use for certain applications.
  • signal tones By means of the modulation according to the invention, signal tones of about 200 Hz can be generated even with piezo disks. This opens up completely new possibilities for the use of piezoelectric elements or piezoelectric disks as a signal horn or the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a Signal device according to the invention shown with a piezoelectric disk 1, which generates acoustic signals.
  • the signal device has a signal light 2 with a luminous element 4 and a cap 3.
  • the light-emitting element 4 is designed, for example, as a flash 4.
  • An electronic unit 5 or printed circuit board with electronic components comprises, inter alia, a sensor unit (not shown) for detecting the resonant frequency according to the invention and, e.g. a test unit having means for exciting one or more test oscillations of the signal generator 1 and e.g. a modulation unit for modulating a carrier oscillation of the signal generator 1 with a modulation oscillation.
  • FIG. 2 schematically the test method for determining the resonant frequency of the acoustic signal transmitter or the piezoelectric disk 1 is shown.
  • a test pulse 6 is generated, which comprises a response 7 of the signal generator 1 a damped oscillation, which oscillates at the resonant frequency.
  • FIG. 3 the method for determining the resonant frequency is shown, in which a frequency band is scanned or tuned.
  • the signal generator 1 or the piezoelectric disk 1 is subjected to continuously changing frequencies and the corresponding amplitude or response is measured.
  • the amplitude or deflection of the piezoelectric disk 1 in this case is proportional to the voltage 8, which is preferably detected at the feedback connection of the piezoelectric disk 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a frequency band shown, which ranges from a frequency of 9 from just over 0 Hz up to a frequency of almost 4000 Hz.
  • a maximum amplitude was generated at about 2300 Hz.
  • the maximum amplitude or maximum voltage is at the resonant frequency of the mounted Piezo pulley 1 generated, which is in this case represented about 2300 Hz accordingly.
  • the resonant frequency of the mounted piezoelectric disk 1 may differ significantly from the resonant frequency of the unassembled piezoelectric disk 1. This depends on the mounting conditions of the piezoelectric disk 1.
  • the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric disk 1 may differ by up to 30% as a result of the production.
  • FIG. 4 schematically a carrier vibration 16 of the piezoelectric disk 1 is shown, which generates a modulated signal 17 by means of a modulation oscillation.
  • the modulated signal 17 comprises a rest phase 18 of the carrier oscillation 16 and an oscillation phase 19 of the carrier oscillation 16, which alternate in the frequency of the modulation oscillation, not shown.
  • This modulated signal 17 generates a useful signal 20 or tone 20, which is perceived by the human ear, which corresponds approximately to the modulation oscillation.
  • an almost arbitrary useful signal 20 can be generated with the aid of a piezoelectric disk 1.
  • both an economical production, operation and small signaling devices according to the invention can be realized.
  • the carrier vibration 16 according to the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric disk 1 FIG. 2 or 3 on.
  • the modulated signal 17 or the sound 20 perceived by the human ear for example, has a frequency of approximately 200 Hz, which corresponds approximately to a standardized horn sound.
  • the resonance vibration as the carrier vibration 16
  • a loudspeaker is used for comparable purposes, which requires about 300 mA current at an operating voltage of 24 V and on the other hand only has a volume of about 85 dB.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Signalvorrichtung, insbesondere Signalhupe oder Signalsäule, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a signaling device, in particular horn or signal tower, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Beispielsweise bei Alarm- bzw. Signalgeräten zum Signalisieren eines Alarmes oder von Betriebszuständen bzw. Betriebsstörungen und/oder zum Erzeugen eines Aufmerksamkeitssignals (sog. Gong) oder dergleichen werden häufig akustische Signalgeber eingesetzt, die z.B. einen standardisierten Hupton von etwa 200 bzw. 220 kHz erzeugen. Hierfür werden Lautsprecher oder einfache elektromechanische Hupsysteme mit einer Spule, deren beweglicher Anker auf eine Membran schlägt, verwendet.For example, in alarm devices for signaling an alarm or operating conditions and / or for generating an attention signal (so-called gong) or the like, acoustic signal transmitters are frequently used, e.g. produce a standardized horn of about 200 or 220 kHz. For this purpose, loudspeakers or simple electromechanical honing systems are used with a coil whose movable armature strikes a membrane.

Nachteilig bei Lautsprechern ist jedoch, dass diese vergleichsweise teuer sind, viel Platz beanspruchen und relativ viel Energie benötigen. Bei den Spulen-Anker-Systemen ist von Nachteil, dass diese ebenfalls etwas teuer sind, relativ viel Platz und Energie benötigen, aber auch dass diese bei der Tonerzeugung Defizite aufweisen.A disadvantage of speakers, however, is that they are relatively expensive, take up a lot of space and require relatively much energy. The coil-armature systems have the disadvantage that they are also somewhat expensive, require a relatively large amount of space and energy, but also that they have deficits in tone generation.

Ein derartiges gerät ist in der Druckschrift EP 0 266 485 offenbart. Zusätzlich wird hier die Resonanzschwingung, mittels einer separaten Sensoreinheit gemessen.Such a device is in the document EP 0 266 485 disclosed. In addition, the resonance oscillation is measured here by means of a separate sensor unit.

Aufgabe und Vorteile der ErfindungPurpose and advantages of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demgegenüber, eine Signalvorrichtung, insbesondere Signalhupe oder Signalsäule, mit wenigstens einem akustischen Signalgeber zur Erzeugung eines akustischen Signals vorzuschlagen, die einen geringen Energieverbrauch aufweist und/oder wirtschaftlich günstig herstellbar ist.The object of the invention is in contrast to propose a signaling device, in particular horn or signal tower, with at least one acoustic signal generator for generating an acoustic signal, which has a low energy consumption and / or is economically inexpensive to produce.

Diese Aufgabe wird, ausgehend von einer Signalvorrichtung der einleitend genannten Art, durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch die in den Unteransprüchen genannten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Ausführungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung möglich.This object is achieved on the basis of a signaling device of the aforementioned type, by the characterizing features of claim 1. The measures mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are possible.

Dementsprechend zeichnet sich eine erfindungsgemäße Signalvorrichtung dadurch aus, dass eine Sensoreinheit zum Erfassen der Resonanzschwingung des Signalgebers vorgesehen ist. Gemäß der Erfindung wird die individuelle. Resonanzfrequenz der Signalvorrichtung im fertig montierten Zustand auffindbar. Hiermit werden Bauteiltoleranzen und/oder Montagebedingungen des Signalgebers bzw. der Signalvorrichtung ausgleichbar. Die Resonanzschwingung des Signalgebers hängt maßgeblich von Bauteiltoleranzen und Montagebedingungen ab.Accordingly, a signal device according to the invention is characterized in that a sensor unit is provided for detecting the resonant oscillation of the signal generator. According to the invention, the individual. Resonant frequency of the signaling device in the assembled state can be found. Hereby component tolerances and / or mounting conditions of the signal generator or the signal device can be compensated. The resonant vibration of the signal generator depends largely on component tolerances and mounting conditions.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht in vorteilhafter Weise ein Betreiben des akustischen Signalgebers möglichst exakt mit der Resonanzfrequenz. Dementsprechend laut kann der Signalgeber das akustische Signal aussenden bzw. kann mit besonders wenig Energie ein vergleichsweise lautes akustisches Signal erzeugt werden. Eine wirtschaftlich günstige Betriebsweise der Signalvorrichtung kann somit verwirklicht werden.The invention advantageously makes it possible to operate the acoustic signal generator as accurately as possible with the resonant frequency. Accordingly loud, the signal transmitter can emit the acoustic signal or can be generated with very little energy, a comparatively loud acoustic signal. An economically favorable operation of the signaling device can thus be realized.

Vorzugsweise ist eine Prüfeinheit mit Mitteln zum Anregen einer oder mehrerer Prüfschwingungen des Signalgebers vorgesehen. Mit dieser Maßnahme wird in eleganter Weise der Signalgeber derart anregbar, dass dieser vorteilhaft in der Resonanzfrequenz schwingen kann. Hierdurch kann die Resonanzschwingung des Signalgebers mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Sensoreinheit erfasst werden.Preferably, a test unit is provided with means for exciting one or more test vibrations of the signal generator provided. With this measure, the signal generator is excitable in such an elegant way that it can swing advantageous in the resonant frequency. As a result, the resonant oscillation of the signal generator can be detected with the aid of the sensor unit according to the invention.

In einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist ein einzelner Prüfimpuls zum Anregen einer Prüfschwingung vorgesehen. Hierdurch kann die Prüfeinheit besonders einfach ausgebildet werden, da lediglich ein kurzes Anstoßen bzw. eine einzelne Auslenkung des Signalgebers ausreicht, um gemäß der Erfindung mit Hilfe der Sensoreinheit die Resonanzschwingung des Signalgebers zu erfassen.In a particular embodiment of the invention, a single test pulse is provided for exciting a test oscillation. As a result, the test unit can be made particularly simple, since only a short abutment or a single deflection of the signal generator is sufficient to detect the resonant vibration of the signal generator according to the invention with the aid of the sensor unit.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Prüfeinheit zur Änderung der Frequenz der Prüfschwingung ausgebildet. Mit Hilfe dieser Maßnahme eröffnen sich weitere Möglichkeiten, um die Resonanzschwingung des Signalgebers gemäß der Erfindung zu erfassen.Advantageously, the test unit is designed to change the frequency of the test oscillation. With the help of this measure, further possibilities open up in order to detect the resonance oscillation of the signal generator according to the invention.

Vorzugsweise ist die Prüfeinheit zum Abscannen eines Frequenzbandes ausgebildet. Gemäß der Erfindung wird unter Abscannen ein Durchstimmen bzw. Absuchen eines Frequenzbandes verstanden. Als Frequenzband wird der Frequenzbereich verstanden, der durch eine untere Frequenz und eine obere Frequenz begrenzt ist. In vorteilhafter Weise wird das Frequenzband vollständig und/oder kontinuierlich abgescannt bzw. durchgestimmt.Preferably, the test unit is designed for scanning a frequency band. According to the invention scanning is understood to mean a tuning or scanning of a frequency band. The frequency band is understood to mean the frequency range which is limited by a lower frequency and an upper frequency. Advantageously, the frequency band is completely and / or continuously scanned or tuned.

Erfindungsgemäß liegt die Resonanzfrequenz des Signalgebers innerhalb des Frequenzbandes. Wird der Signalgeber mit einer Prüfschwingung beaufschlagt, die im Wesentlichen der Resonanzschwingung entspricht, schwingt der Signalgeber mit seiner maximalen Amplitude bzw. zeigt eine maximale Auslenkung.According to the invention, the resonant frequency of the signal generator is within the frequency band. If the signal generator is subjected to a test oscillation which essentially corresponds to the resonance oscillation, the signal generator oscillates at its maximum amplitude or exhibits a maximum deflection.

Vorzugsweise ist die Sensoreinheit zur Erfassung der Amplitude bzw. Auslenkung des Signalgebers ausgebildet. Hiermit kann in besonders einfacher Weise die maximale Amplitude bzw. die Resonanzfrequenz des Signalgebers ermittelt werden.Preferably, the sensor unit is designed to detect the amplitude or deflection of the signal generator. Hereby, the maximum amplitude or the resonant frequency of the signal generator can be determined in a particularly simple manner.

In einer bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung ist die Sensoreinheit zum Erfassen der Frequenz des Signalgebers ausgebildet. Mit dieser Maßnahme kann einerseits die Frequenz erfasst werden, bei der die maximale Amplitude, insbesondere beim Abscannen eines Frequenzbandes, ermittelt wird.In a preferred variant of the invention, the sensor unit is designed to detect the frequency of the signal generator. With this measure, on the one hand, the frequency can be detected at which the maximum amplitude, in particular when scanning a frequency band, is determined.

Weiterhin kann mit Hilfe der vorgenannten Maßnahme beim impulsartigen Anregen des Signalgebers mit Hilfe der vorteilhaften Prüfeinheit die Antwort des Signalgebers bzw. deren Frequenz und somit der Resonanzfrequenz in vorteilhafter Weise ermittelt werden.Furthermore, the response of the signal generator or its frequency and thus the resonance frequency can be determined in an advantageous manner with the aid of the aforementioned measure in the pulse-like excitation of the signal generator with the aid of the advantageous test unit.

Vorzugsweise umfasst der Signalgeber wenigstens ein Piezoelement, beispielsweise eine Piezoscheibe, bei der ein Piezosubstrat auf einer metallischen Platte oder dergleichen angeordnet ist. Ein entsprechendes Piezoelement bzw. Piezoscheibe ist einerseits besonders wirtschaftlich günstig und andererseits besonders platzsparend in einer Signalvorrichtung anordenbar. Dementsprechend kann beispielsweise eine besonders kleine Signalvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung realisiert werden.Preferably, the signal generator comprises at least one piezoelectric element, for example a piezoelectric disk, in which a piezosubstrate is arranged on a metallic plate or the like. A corresponding piezoelectric element or piezoelectric disk is on the one hand particularly economically favorable and on the other hand can be arranged in a signal device in a particularly space-saving manner. Accordingly, for example, a particularly small signaling device according to the invention can be realized.

Gerade bei der Verwendung einer Piezoscheibe kann in vorteilhafter Weise der Rückkopplungsanschluss zur Ermittlung der Amplitude verwendet werden. Die Amplitude bzw. Auslenkung der Piezoscheibe bzw. des Piezoelementes ist proportional zur Spannung am Rückkopplungsanschluss. Hiermit wird eine besonders einfache Ermittlung der maximalen Amplitude bzw. Auslenkung gemäß der Erfindung realisierbar.Especially when using a piezoelectric disk, the feedback connection can be advantageously used to determine the amplitude. The amplitude or deflection of the piezoelectric disk or the piezoelectric element is proportional to the voltage at the feedback connection. This makes it possible to realize a particularly simple determination of the maximum amplitude or deflection according to the invention.

Vor allem durch die Kombination mit der Sensoreinheit zum Erfassen der Resonanzschwingung des Signalgebers ist es ganz besonders von Vorteil, die insbesondere sehr große Bauteiltoleranz bei handelsüblichen Piezoelementen bzw. Piezoscheiben von etwa 30% zu egalisieren. Hierdurch kann das montierte Piezoelement sehr exakt mit dessen Resonanzfrequenz betrieben werden, um relativ laute akustische, insbesondere niederfrequente Signale zu erzeugen.Especially through the combination with the sensor unit for detecting the resonant oscillation of the signal generator, it is particularly advantageous to equalize the particular very large component tolerance in commercial piezo elements or piezoelectric disks of about 30%. As a result, the assembled piezoelectric element can be operated very precisely with its resonance frequency in order to generate relatively loud acoustic, in particular low-frequency signals.

In einer besonderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist wenigstens ein Leuchtelement, insbesondere eine oder mehrere Leuchtdioden, vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe dieser Maßnahme ist eine Signalvorrichtung realisierbar, die neben einem akustischen Signal auch wenigstens ein optisches Signal erzeugen kann. Diese Kombination ist in der Praxis besonders vorteilhaft.In a particular embodiment of the invention, at least one luminous element, in particular one or more light-emitting diodes, is provided. With the help of this measure, a signal device can be realized, which can also generate at least one optical signal in addition to an acoustic signal. This combination is particularly advantageous in practice.

Darüber hinaus ermöglich gerade die Verwendung von Leuchtdioden einen besonders geringen Energieeinsatz, wodurch die Signalvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung besonders wirtschaftlich günstig betrieben werden kann.In addition, just allow the use of light emitting diodes a particularly low energy consumption, whereby the signal device according to the invention can be operated particularly economically favorable.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist eine Modulationseinheit zum Modulieren einer Trägerschwingung des Signalgebers mit einer Modulationsschwingung vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe einer derartigen Modulationseinheit ist es möglich, besonders einfach aufgebaute akustische Signalgeber zu verwenden und trotzdem keine Defizite bei der Tonerzeugung aufzuweisen. Hierdurch kann eine besonders wirtschaftliche Signalvorrichtung umgesetzt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a modulation unit is provided for modulating a carrier oscillation of the signal generator with a modulation oscillation. With the aid of such a modulation unit, it is possible to use particularly simple acoustic signal generator and still have no deficiencies in the sound production. In this way, a particularly economical signaling device can be implemented.

Darüber hinaus wird gemäß dieser Variante der Erfindung in eleganter Weise eine Veränderung des generierten Nutzsignals vor allem auch bei sehr einfach aufgebauten Signalgebern möglich. Als Nutzsignal wird gemäß der Erfindung der Ton verstanden, der vom menschlichen Ohr wahrgenommen wird. In vorteilhafter Weise entspricht das Nutzsignal im Wesentlichen der Modulationsschwingung. Beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer vorteilhaften Elektronikeinheit zur Variierung der Modulationsschwingung ist auf besonders einfache Weise eine Variierung des Nutzsignals bzw. des vom menschlichen Ohr wahrgenommenen Tones möglich. Aufgrund dessen können beliebige Nutzsignale auch bei sehr einfach aufgebauten akustischen Signalgebern erzeugt werden.Moreover, according to this variant of the invention, a change of the generated useful signal is possible in an elegant manner, above all even in the case of signal generators which are of a very simple design. As a useful signal is understood according to the invention, the sound that is perceived by the human ear. In Advantageously, the useful signal essentially corresponds to the modulation oscillation. For example, with the aid of an advantageous electronic unit for varying the modulation oscillation, a variation of the useful signal or of the sound perceived by the human ear is possible in a particularly simple manner. Due to this, any useful signals can be generated even with very simple acoustic signal generators.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Frequenz der Trägerschwingung höher als die Frequenz der Modulationsschwingung. Hiermit werden akustische Signalgeber verwendbar, die in vorteilhafter Weise eine vergleichsweise hohe Grundfrequenz bzw. Trägerschwingung aufweisen und mit der entsprechend niederfrequenteren Modulationsschwingung ein relativ tiefes Nutzsignal bzw. ein relativ tiefer vom menschlichen Ohr wahrgenommener Ton, insbesondere Hupton erzeugen.Advantageously, the frequency of the carrier oscillation is higher than the frequency of the modulation oscillation. This acoustical signal generator can be used, which advantageously have a comparatively high fundamental frequency or carrier oscillation and generate a relatively low useful signal or a relatively lower sound perceived by the human ear, in particular horn, with the correspondingly lower-frequency modulation oscillation.

Es ist denkbar, die Frequenz, die Phase und/oder die Pulsdauer der Trägerschwingung zu modulieren. Grundsätzlich kann eine sinus-, rechteckförmige oder ähnliche Trägerfrequenz vorgesehen werden. Vorzugsweise ist die Modulationseinheit zur Modulation der Amplitude der Trägerschwingung ausgebildet. Hiermit wird ein besonders vorteilhaftes moduliertes Signal bzw. ein Nutzsignal, das vom menschlichen Ohr entsprechend wahrgenommen wird, erzeugt.It is conceivable to modulate the frequency, the phase and / or the pulse duration of the carrier oscillation. In principle, a sinusoidal, rectangular or similar carrier frequency can be provided. The modulation unit is preferably designed to modulate the amplitude of the carrier oscillation. This produces a particularly advantageous modulated signal or a useful signal which is correspondingly perceived by the human ear.

In einer besonderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Modulationsschwingung als Sinusschwingung ausgebildet. Hiermit wird ein Nutzsignal generierbar, das beispielsweise eine sinusförmige Änderung der Amplitude aufweist. Dies führt in vorteilhafter Weise zu einem vergleichsweise "weichen" Nutzsignal bzw. vom menschlichen Ohr wahrgenommenen Ton. Entsprechend harmonisch wird der wahrgenommene Ton von Menschen empfunden.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the modulation oscillation is designed as a sinusoidal oscillation. This is a useful signal can be generated, for example, has a sinusoidal change in amplitude. This leads advantageously to a comparatively "soft" useful signal or sound perceived by the human ear. Accordingly, the perceived sound of people is perceived as harmonious.

Vorzugsweise ist die Modulationsschwingung als Rechtecksschwingung ausgebildet. Zwar führt dies dazu, dass sich das Nutzsignal bzw. der wahrgenommene Ton vom menschlichen Ohr als eher wenig harmonisch empfunden wird, was jedoch in vielen Anwendungsfällen nicht erheblich ist. Darüber hinaus kann jedoch eine Rechtecksschwingung besonders einfach generiert werden. Hierdurch wird der Aufwand zur Realisierung der Modulationseinheit bzw. der Modulation der Trägerschwingung des Signalgebers besonders einfach realisierbar. Entsprechend kostengünstig kann die Modulationseinheit gemäß der Erfindung hergestellt und betrieben werden.The modulation oscillation is preferably designed as a rectangular oscillation. Although this leads to the useful signal or the perceived sound is perceived by the human ear as a little harmonious, but this is not significant in many applications. In addition, however, a square wave can be generated particularly easily. As a result, the effort to realize the modulation unit or the modulation of the carrier oscillation of the signal generator is particularly easy to implement. The modulation unit according to the invention can be produced and operated correspondingly inexpensively.

In einer bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung wechselt sich eine Schwingphase des Signalgebers und eine Ruhephase des Signalgebers mit der Frequenz der Modulationsschwingung ab. Dementsprechend kann die Modulation besonders einfach umgesetzt werden. Beispielsweise wird die Trägerfrequenz abwechselnd ein- und ausgeschaltet, so dass in vorteilhafter Weise die Schwingphase bzw. die Ruhephase des Signalgebers realisiert wird. Mit Hilfe dieser Maßnahme wird eine besonders wirtschaftlich günstige Ausführungsform der Erfindung realisiert. Diese Maßnahme ist gerade auch für vergleichsweise tiefe Frequenzen wie z.B. für etwa 200 Hz und somit für standardisierte Huptöne ganz besonders von Vorteil.In a preferred variant of the invention, a vibration phase of the signal generator and a resting phase of the signal generator alternate with the frequency of the modulation oscillation. Accordingly, the modulation can be implemented particularly easily. For example, the carrier frequency is alternately switched on and off, so that advantageously the oscillation phase or the idle phase of the signal generator is realized. With the help of this measure, a particularly economically favorable embodiment of the invention is realized. This measure is especially for comparatively low frequencies such. for about 200 Hz and thus for standardized horns particularly advantageous.

Vorzugsweise ist die Frequenz der Trägerschwingung im Wesentlichen die Resonanzfrequenz des Signalgebers, die insbesondere gemäß der Erfindung erfasst wird. Mit Hilfe dieser Maßnahme wird es möglich, mit vergleichsweise wenig Energie große Amplituden bzw. sehr laute Töne zu erzeugen. Dementsprechend kann die Signalvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung besonders wirtschaftlich günstig betrieben werden.Preferably, the frequency of the carrier oscillation is substantially the resonant frequency of the signal generator, which is detected in particular according to the invention. With the help of this measure, it is possible to produce large amplitudes or very loud sounds with comparatively little energy. Accordingly, the signaling device according to the invention can be operated particularly economically favorable.

Generell wird gerade durch die Kombination des Piezoelementes mit der vorteilhaften Modulationseinheit gemäß der Erfindung es erst möglich, insbesondere handelsübliche Piezoscheiben, die im Allgemeinen eine Resonanzfrequenz von etwa 3,4 kHz als Grundfrequenz bzw. Trägerfrequenz besitzen, für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle zu verwenden. Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Modulation können Signaltöne von etwa 200 Hz selbst mit Piezoscheiben generiert werden. Dies eröffnet vollkommen neue Möglichkeiten für den Einsatz von Piezoelementen bzw. Piezoscheiben als Signalhupe oder dergleichen.In general, just by the combination of the piezoelectric element with the advantageous modulation unit according to the invention it is only possible, in particular commercially available piezoelectric disks, which generally have a resonance frequency of about 3.4 kHz as a fundamental frequency or carrier frequency to use for certain applications. By means of the modulation according to the invention, signal tones of about 200 Hz can be generated even with piezo disks. This opens up completely new possibilities for the use of piezoelectric elements or piezoelectric disks as a signal horn or the like.

Ausführungsbeispielembodiment

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird anhand der Figuren nachfolgend näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS.

Im Einzelnen zeigt:

Figur 1
eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch eine erfindungsgemäße Signalvorrichtung mit Piezoscheibe,
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung eines Prüfimpulses sowie der Antwort des Systems,
Figur 3
ein schematisches Schaubild einer Spannung eines Piezoelementes innerhalb eines Frequenzbandes und
Figur 4
eine schematische Darstellung der verschiedenen Schwingungen bei einer Amplitudenmodulation.
In detail shows:
FIG. 1
FIG. 2 a schematic sectional view through a piezo device with piezo disk according to the invention, FIG.
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of a test pulse and the response of the system,
FIG. 3
a schematic diagram of a voltage of a piezoelectric element within a frequency band and
FIG. 4
a schematic representation of the various vibrations in an amplitude modulation.

In Figur 1 ist schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer Signalvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit einer Piezoscheibe 1 dargestellt, die akustische Signale erzeugt.In FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a Signal device according to the invention shown with a piezoelectric disk 1, which generates acoustic signals.

Darüber hinaus weist die Signalvorrichtung eine Signalleuchte 2 mit einem Leuchtelement 4 sowie einer Kalotte 3 auf. Das Leuchtelement 4 ist beispielsweise als Blitz 4 ausgebildet.In addition, the signal device has a signal light 2 with a luminous element 4 and a cap 3. The light-emitting element 4 is designed, for example, as a flash 4.

Eine Elektronikeinheit 5 bzw. Leiterplatte mit Elektronikbauteilen umfasst unter anderem eine nicht näher dargestellte Sensoreinheit zur Erfassung der Resonanzfrequenz gemäß der Erfindung und z.B. eine Prüfeinheit mit Mitteln zum Anregen einer oder mehrerer Prüfschwingungen des Signalgebers 1 sowie z.B. eine Modulationseinheit zum Modulieren einer Trägerschwingung des Signalgebers 1 mit einer Modulationsschwingung.An electronic unit 5 or printed circuit board with electronic components comprises, inter alia, a sensor unit (not shown) for detecting the resonant frequency according to the invention and, e.g. a test unit having means for exciting one or more test oscillations of the signal generator 1 and e.g. a modulation unit for modulating a carrier oscillation of the signal generator 1 with a modulation oscillation.

In Figur 2 ist schematisch das Prüfverfahren zur Ermittlung der Resonanzfrequenz des akustischen Signalgebers bzw. der Piezoscheibe 1 dargestellt. Hierbei wird ein Prüfimpuls 6 erzeugt, der als Antwort 7 des Signalgebers 1 eine gedämpfte Schwingung umfasst, die mit der Resonanzfrequenz schwingt.In FIG. 2 schematically the test method for determining the resonant frequency of the acoustic signal transmitter or the piezoelectric disk 1 is shown. Here, a test pulse 6 is generated, which comprises a response 7 of the signal generator 1 a damped oscillation, which oscillates at the resonant frequency.

In Figur 3 ist das Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Resonanzfrequenz dargestellt, bei dem ein Frequenzband abgescannt bzw. durchgestimmt wird. Hierbei wird der Signalgeber 1 bzw. die Piezoscheibe 1 mit sich kontinuierlich ändernden Frequenzen beaufschlagt und die entsprechende Amplitude bzw. Antwort gemessen. Die Amplitude bzw. Auslenkung der Piezoscheibe 1 ist hierbei proportional zur Spannung 8, die vorzugsweise am Rückkopplungsanschluss der Piezoscheibe 1 erfasst wird. In Figur 3 ist ein Frequenzband dargestellt, das ab einer Frequenz 9 von etwas über 0 Hz bis zu einer Frequenz von knapp 4000 Hz reicht. In Figur 3 ist weiterhin dargestellt, dass eine maximale Amplitude bei etwa 2300 Hz generiert wurde. Die maximale Amplitude bzw. maximale Spannung wird bei der Resonanzfrequenz der montierten Piezoscheibe 1 erzeugt, die in diesem dargestellten Fall dementsprechend etwa 2300 Hz beträgt. Die Resonanzfrequenz der montierten Piezoscheibe 1 kann von der Resonanzfrequenz der nicht montierten Piezoscheibe 1 erheblich abweichen. Dies hängt von den Montagebedingungen der Piezoscheibe 1 ab. Zudem kann die Resonanzfrequenz der Piezoscheibe 1 herstellungsbedingt um bis zu 30% abweichen.In FIG. 3 the method for determining the resonant frequency is shown, in which a frequency band is scanned or tuned. In this case, the signal generator 1 or the piezoelectric disk 1 is subjected to continuously changing frequencies and the corresponding amplitude or response is measured. The amplitude or deflection of the piezoelectric disk 1 in this case is proportional to the voltage 8, which is preferably detected at the feedback connection of the piezoelectric disk 1. In FIG. 3 is a frequency band shown, which ranges from a frequency of 9 from just over 0 Hz up to a frequency of almost 4000 Hz. In FIG. 3 is further shown that a maximum amplitude was generated at about 2300 Hz. The maximum amplitude or maximum voltage is at the resonant frequency of the mounted Piezo pulley 1 generated, which is in this case represented about 2300 Hz accordingly. The resonant frequency of the mounted piezoelectric disk 1 may differ significantly from the resonant frequency of the unassembled piezoelectric disk 1. This depends on the mounting conditions of the piezoelectric disk 1. In addition, the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric disk 1 may differ by up to 30% as a result of the production.

Bei handelsüblichen Piezoscheiben hat sich gezeigt, dass ein vorteilhaftes Frequenzband zwischen etwa 2 bis 4 kHz zur Ermittlung der Resonanzfrequenz abgescannt bzw. durchgestimmt werden sollte.In commercially available piezoelectric disks it has been shown that an advantageous frequency band between about 2 to 4 kHz should be scanned or tuned to determine the resonance frequency.

In Figur 4 ist schematisch eine Trägerschwingung 16 der Piezoscheibe 1 dargestellt, die mit Hilfe einer Modulationsschwingung ein moduliertes Signal 17 erzeugt. Das modulierte Signal 17 umfasst eine Ruhephase 18 der Trägerschwingung 16 und eine Schwingphase 19 der Trägerschwingung 16, die sich in der Frequenz der nicht näher dargestellten Modulationsschwingung abwechseln. Dieses modulierte Signal 17 generiert ein Nutzsignal 20 bzw. Ton 20, der vom menschlichen Ohr wahrgenommen wird, was etwa der Modulationsschwingung entspricht. Dies bedeutet u.a., dass gemäß der Erfindung ein nahezu beliebiges Nutzsignal 20 mit Hilfe einer Piezoscheibe 1 generiert werden kann. Hiermit werden sowohl eine wirtschaftlich günstige Herstellung, Betriebsweise als auch kleine Signalvorrichtungen gemäß der Erfindung realisierbar.In FIG. 4 schematically a carrier vibration 16 of the piezoelectric disk 1 is shown, which generates a modulated signal 17 by means of a modulation oscillation. The modulated signal 17 comprises a rest phase 18 of the carrier oscillation 16 and an oscillation phase 19 of the carrier oscillation 16, which alternate in the frequency of the modulation oscillation, not shown. This modulated signal 17 generates a useful signal 20 or tone 20, which is perceived by the human ear, which corresponds approximately to the modulation oscillation. This means, inter alia, that according to the invention, an almost arbitrary useful signal 20 can be generated with the aid of a piezoelectric disk 1. Hereby, both an economical production, operation and small signaling devices according to the invention can be realized.

Beispielsweise weist die Trägerschwingung 16 die Resonanzfrequenz der Piezoscheibe 1 gemäß Figur 2 oder 3 auf. Das modulierte Signal 17 bzw. der vom menschlichen Ohr wahrgenommene Ton 20 weist beispielsweise eine Frequenz von etwa 200 Hz auf, was etwa einem standardisierten Hupton entspricht.For example, the carrier vibration 16 according to the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric disk 1 FIG. 2 or 3 on. The modulated signal 17 or the sound 20 perceived by the human ear, for example, has a frequency of approximately 200 Hz, which corresponds approximately to a standardized horn sound.

Durch die vorteilhafte Verwendung der Resonanzschwingung als Trägerschwingung 16 wird es gemäß der Erfindung möglich, eine Piezoscheibe 1 mit einer Betriebsspannung von z.B. 24 V und einem Strom von etwa 40 mA zu betreiben, wobei eine Lautstärke von etwa 100 dB generiert wird. Dagegen wird gemäß dem Stand der Technik beispielsweise ein Lautsprecher für vergleichbare Einsatzzwecke verwendet, der bei einer Betriebsspannung von 24 V etwa 300 mA Strom benötigt und dagegen lediglich eine Lautstärke von etwa 85 dB aufweist.By advantageously using the resonance vibration as the carrier vibration 16, according to the invention, it becomes possible to form a piezoelectric disk 1 having an operating voltage of e.g. 24 V and a current of about 40 mA, with a volume of about 100 dB is generated. In contrast, according to the prior art, for example, a loudspeaker is used for comparable purposes, which requires about 300 mA current at an operating voltage of 24 V and on the other hand only has a volume of about 85 dB.

Claims (13)

  1. Signaling horn to signal an alarm or operating condition of a technical apparatus such as a machine, a system, a vehicle or the like and/or to generate an attention-getting signal with at least one acoustic signal transmitter (1) to generate an acoustic signal (17, 20), wherein a sensor unit (5) is provided to detect the resonant oscillation '(16) of the signal transmitter (1),
    characterized in that
    a test unit (5) is provided with means for exciting one or more test oscillations (6, 7) of the signal transmitter (1)
    the test unit (5) is designed to scan a frequency band (9), wherein the resonant frequency lies within the frequency band, and
    the sensor unit (5) is designed to detect the amplitude (8) of the signal transmitter (1), wherein the signal transmitter (1) is so designed that it oscillates with its maximum amplitude (8) when it is subjected to a test oscillation from the test unit (5) that substantially corresponds to the resonant oscillation (6, 7).
  2. Signaling device according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    a single test pulse (6) is provided to excite a test oscillation (7).
  3. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the test unit (5) is designed to change the frequency (9) of the test oscillation (6, 7).
  4. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the sensor unit (5) is designed to detect the frequency (9) of the signal transmitter (1).
  5. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the signal transmitter (1) comprises at least one piezo element'(1).
  6. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a modulation unit (5) is provided to modulate a carrier wave (16) of the signal transmitter (1) with a modulation oscillation (20).
  7. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the frequency (9) of the carrier wave (16) is higher than the frequency (9) of the modulation oscillation (20).
  8. Signaling device according to one of the claims 6 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the modulation unit (5) is designed to modulate the amplitude (8) of the carrier oscillation (16).
  9. Signaling device according to one of the claims 6 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the modulation oscillation (10) is designed as a rectangular wave (10).
  10. Signaling device according to one of the claims 6 to 8,
    characterized in that
    a swing phase (19) of the signal transmitter (1) and a resting phase (18) of the signal transmitter (1) alternate with the frequency (9) of the modulation oscillation (20).
  11. Signaling device according to one of the claims 9 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the frequency (9) of the carrier wave (16) is substantially the resonant frequency (16) of the signal transmitter (1).
  12. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    at least one light element (4) is provided.
  13. Signaling device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the light element (4) is designed as a light-emitting diode.
EP06003747.0A 2005-04-04 2006-02-24 Signalling device comprising an acoustic signal generator Active EP1710022B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510015554 DE102005015554A1 (en) 2005-04-04 2005-04-04 Signaling device e.g. horn, for use with technical device e.g. machine, has sensor unit to detect resonance vibration of acoustic signal generator e.g. piezoelectric plate, and modulation unit to modulate carrier wave of generator

Publications (3)

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EP1710022A2 EP1710022A2 (en) 2006-10-11
EP1710022A3 EP1710022A3 (en) 2008-07-23
EP1710022B1 true EP1710022B1 (en) 2016-08-24

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CN101556466B (en) * 2009-05-08 2012-09-26 湖北省自动化研究所股份有限公司 Method for automatically searching and fixing natural frequency of electric horn of motor vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3138068A1 (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-07-08 Marukokeihouki Co. Ltd., Nagano PIEZOELECTRIC MULTI-FREQUENCY SOUND GENERATING DEVICE
US4393373A (en) * 1981-03-16 1983-07-12 Fuji Electrochemical Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric audible sound generator
IT1205507B (en) * 1986-11-05 1989-03-23 Electronsystem Spa ELECTROMECHANICAL TRUMPET WITH EXCITATION OF THE SOUND MEMBRANE ELECTRONICALLY PILOTED BY DETECTORS OF ITS FREQUENCY OF RESONANCE
US5656779A (en) * 1992-12-04 1997-08-12 Trw Inc. Apparatus and method for producing structural and acoustic vibrations
JP3730689B2 (en) * 1995-09-28 2006-01-05 オリンパス株式会社 Sensor and monolithic piezoelectric vibrator
JPH1152958A (en) * 1997-08-05 1999-02-26 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Piezoelectrric type electro-acoustic transducer

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