EP1704378B1 - Multi-stage heat-exchanger assembly - Google Patents

Multi-stage heat-exchanger assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1704378B1
EP1704378B1 EP05700556.3A EP05700556A EP1704378B1 EP 1704378 B1 EP1704378 B1 EP 1704378B1 EP 05700556 A EP05700556 A EP 05700556A EP 1704378 B1 EP1704378 B1 EP 1704378B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
primary side
valve
temperature
secondary side
heat
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EP05700556.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1704378A1 (en
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Atli Benonysson
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Danfoss AS
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Danfoss AS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-stage heat exchanger assembly having a primary side and a secondary side, which are in heat-transmitting connection and can be flowed through in opposite directions, wherein the primary side has at least two offset in the flow direction feed points and a valve arrangement is provided, which cooperates with a temperature sensor arrangement and controls a flow of heat transfer fluid through the primary side.
  • the US-A-4798242 shows the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a multi-stage heat exchanger arrangement is for example made DE 197 02 897 C2 known.
  • the return of a heat source via a valve is opened, so that the primary side of the heat exchanger is flowed through by hot water from the heat source.
  • a three-way valve is controlled by a temperature sensor.
  • the heat transfer medium usually hot water, passed through one or more pipe sections in the heat exchanger.
  • the effective heat transfer area between the primary side and the secondary side is increased or decreased.
  • the invention has for its object to achieve a stable adjustment of the temperature at the output of the secondary side.
  • multiple valves which may be made correspondingly smaller, allows faster adjustment and improved stability.
  • the multiple valve design which may in principle be designed as simple throttle valves, is less expensive than the use of three-way valves having a more complicated structure.
  • With the new design can also ensure that a stream of heat transfer medium is not simply distributed in the manner of a three-way valve on the primary side of the heat exchanger assembly. It is also possible to supply all feed points with heat transfer fluid. Thus, it is possible, for example, to supply only one feed point with heat transfer fluid at a low heat consumption on the secondary side, which is located downstream of the first feed point on the primary side. Since the corresponding valve is only intended to regulate small flow rates, better stability is achieved because a small valve can be regulated more easily and quickly.
  • the temperature sensor arrangement preferably has at least one temperature sensor which determines the temperature of the fluid on the secondary side.
  • the inflow of heat transfer fluid can be controlled on the primary side in dependence on the temperature of the fluid on the secondary side.
  • the temperature sensor arrangement preferably has a number of temperature sensors corresponding to the number of feed points, which are arranged on the secondary side. Thus, the temperature influence of the secondary side can be detected even better by the primary side.
  • each temperature sensor is associated with a valve. So there are a number of temperature sensors that corresponds to the number of valves. For example, each valve can be controlled by its associated temperature sensor. If necessary, it is advantageous to comply with certain hierarchies. One possible approach is then to first operate only the valve which supplies the most downstream feed point on the primary side. Only when this valve fully open is, and the temperature is not sufficient, a valve is opened, which supplies a farther upstream feed point. In this way you get a stepped approach that can relatively quickly produce the desired temperature on the secondary side.
  • the temperature sensors are connected to a common control device which controls the valves.
  • the control device can then determine the heat requirement from the entirety of the temperature information and then possibly cause a different distribution of the heat transfer fluid to the primary side in order to obtain the desired service water temperature at the output of the secondary side.
  • At least one valve connected to a feed point located downstream of the first feed point is combined with a differential pressure regulator which maintains the pressure across the valve constant.
  • a differential pressure regulator which maintains the pressure across the valve constant.
  • Fig. 1 shows a heat exchanger assembly 1 with a heat exchanger 2, which has a primary side 3 and a secondary side 4.
  • the primary side 3 and the secondary side 4 are shown here only schematically. They are in a heat-transmitting connection to each other, so that heat, which is conveyed by a heat transfer fluid on the primary side 3, to another fluid, such as service water, can be transmitted to the secondary side 4.
  • the primary side is flowed through in a first direction (based on the representation of the Fig. 1 : from right to left) and the secondary side 4 in the opposite direction.
  • Service water is supplied to the secondary side 4 via an input 5 and removed at an output 6.
  • the primary side is a heat transfer fluid, for example, hot water from a district heating system, fed via a feed line 7 and removed via a return line 8.
  • the flow 7 splits into two branch lines 9, 10, of which the first branch line 9 is connected to a first feed point 11 of the primary side 3 and the second branch line 10 is connected to a second feed point 12 of the primary side 3.
  • the second feed point 12 is based on the flow through the primary side 3 downstream of the first feed point 11.
  • the secondary side 4 has two sections 14, 15, of which the section 14 is always used for heat transfer from the primary side 3 to the secondary side 4 (or vice versa), while the section 15 is used only when the heat transfer fluid via the branch line 9 is supplied to the first feed point 11.
  • a first valve 16 and in the second branch line 10 a second valve 17 is arranged. Both valves control the inflow of heat transfer fluid to the primary side 3 in each connected feed point 11, 12.
  • the first valve 16 is opened, then the first feed point 11 is supplied with heat transfer fluid, which then flows through the entire primary side 3.
  • the second valve 17 is opened, then heat transfer fluid is supplied at the second feed point 12, so that a heat transfer takes place only at the second portion 14 on the secondary side 4.
  • a first temperature sensor 18 is provided, which is arranged in the region of the first feed point 11, and a second temperature sensor 19, which is arranged in the region of the second feed point 12. Both temperature sensors 18, 19 detect the temperature on the secondary side. 4
  • the temperature sensor 18 is associated with the valve 16 and the temperature sensor 19 with the valve 17 so that the supply of heat transfer fluid can be controlled directly as a function of the temperature on the secondary side 4.
  • the first temperature sensor 18 determines that the setpoint temperature has not yet been reached, then the first temperature sensor 18 controls the first valve 16, so that an additional transfer of heat from the primary side 3 to the section 15 of the secondary side 4 is possible.
  • the opening and closing of the two valves 16, 17 is thus controlled by the two temperature sensors 18, 19.
  • the set point of the valves 16, 17 can be controlled via the valve control.
  • the valve control can be carried out in several different ways. For example, it is possible to close the valve 16 and open the valve 17, so that heat is transferred only in the section 14 of the secondary side 4. You can operate the valves 16, 17 so that the valve 16 is opened and the valve 17 is closed. In this case, heat is transferred to the secondary side 4 in sections 14 and 15. It is also possible to open both valves 16, 17. In this case, heat is transferred to the section 15 of the secondary side 4 and an increased heat transfer to the section 14 of the secondary side. 4
  • valves 16, 17 can, as shown, be operated directly by the temperature sensors 18, 19, for example by an electrical, magnetic or mechanical control. It is also possible to use manually operable valves 16, 17, which then have to be manually activated as a function of a sensed or measured temperature.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly, wherein the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the temperature sensors 18, 19 are arranged in both cases in the vicinity of the feed points 11, 12, so that they detect in principle the entire thermal effect of the heat supplied via the individual stages of the primary side.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a multi-stage heat exchanger assembly, wherein the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals, as in the Fig. 1 and 2 ,
  • Each valve 16, 17 has a drive 21, 22, wherein the drives 21, 22 are controlled by the temperature sensors 18, 19.
  • a pressure-controlled valve 23 is arranged, which is controlled via a membrane 24 and a capillary tube 25 from the supply pressure in front of the valve 17 and a diaphragm spring 26 shown only schematically.
  • the valve 23 thus ensures that the pressure drop across the valve 17 remains constant.
  • the first valve 16 is influenced solely by the temperature at the temperature sensor 18. The degree of opening of this valve 16 will therefore be set as a function of the temperature at the outlet of the secondary side 4.
  • the second valve 17 is adjusted in response to the pressure at the flow 7, because the pressure difference across the second valve 17 by means of the differential pressure regulator, which has the pressure-controlled valve 23 is kept constant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mehrstufen-Wärmetauscheranordnung mit einer Primärseite und einer Sekundärseite, die in wärmeübertragender Verbindung stehen und in entgegengesetzte Richtungen durchströmbar sind, wobei die Primärseite mindestens zwei in Strömungsrichtung versetzte Einspeisepunkte aufweist und eine Ventil-anordnung vorgesehen ist, die mit einer Temperaturfühleranordnung zusammenwirkt und einen Strom eines Wärmeträgerfluids durch die Primärseite steuert. Die US-A-4798242 zeigt den Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a multi-stage heat exchanger assembly having a primary side and a secondary side, which are in heat-transmitting connection and can be flowed through in opposite directions, wherein the primary side has at least two offset in the flow direction feed points and a valve arrangement is provided, which cooperates with a temperature sensor arrangement and controls a flow of heat transfer fluid through the primary side. The US-A-4798242 shows the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Mehrstufen-Wärmetauscheranordnung ist beispielsweise aus DE 197 02 897 C2 bekannt. Hier wird beim Zapfen von Brauchwasser auf der Sekundärseite der Rücklauf einer Wärmequelle über ein Ventil geöffnet, so daß die Primärseite des Wärmetauschers von heißem Wasser aus der Wärmequelle durchströmt wird. In Abhängigkeit von der Vorlauftemperatur des primärseitigen Wärmeträgermediums wird ein Drei-WegeVentil von einem Temperaturfühler gesteuert. Mit Hilfe dieses Ventils wird das Wärmeträgermedium, in der Regel heißes Wasser, durch einen oder durch mehrere Rohrabschnitte im Wärmetauscher geleitet. Dadurch wird die wirksame wärmeübertragende Fläche zwischen der Primärseite und der Sekundärseite vergrößert oder verkleinert. Es ist also möglich, die Kapazität des Wärmetauschers in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur auf der Primärseite einzustellen, was wiederum eine Temperaturvorregelung des Brauchwassersystems auf der Sekundärseite ergibt und zwar durch eine Verkürzung oder Verlängerung der thermischen Länge des Wärmetauschers in Abhängigkeit von der Vorlauftemperatur der Wärmequelle. Dadurch wird eine Anpassung der Wärmetauscherkapazität an den aktuellen Bedarf und eine Verbesserung der Stabilität bei der Brauchwässertemperatur erzielt.Such a multi-stage heat exchanger arrangement is for example made DE 197 02 897 C2 known. Here, when drawing tap water on the secondary side, the return of a heat source via a valve is opened, so that the primary side of the heat exchanger is flowed through by hot water from the heat source. Depending on the flow temperature of the primary-side heat transfer medium, a three-way valve is controlled by a temperature sensor. With the help of this valve, the heat transfer medium, usually hot water, passed through one or more pipe sections in the heat exchanger. As a result, the effective heat transfer area between the primary side and the secondary side is increased or decreased. It is thus possible to adjust the capacity of the heat exchanger as a function of the temperature on the primary side, which in turn results in a temperature pre-regulation of the service water system on the secondary side by shortening or lengthening the thermal length of the heat exchanger in dependence on the flow temperature of the heat source. This achieves an adaptation of the heat exchanger capacity to the current demand and an improvement in the stability at the service water temperature.

Allerdings hat sich gezeigt, daß ein derartiges System relativ träge ist.However, it has been found that such a system is relatively sluggish.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine stabile Einstellung der Temperatur am Ausgang der Sekundärseite zu erzielen.The invention has for its object to achieve a stable adjustment of the temperature at the output of the secondary side.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Mehrstufen-Wärmetauscheranordnung der eingangs genannten Art mit den Merkmalen im kennzeichnenden Teil von Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in a multi-stage heat exchanger assembly of the type mentioned above with the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Die Verwendung von mehreren Ventilen, die entsprechend kleiner ausgebildet sein können, erlaubt eine schnellere Einstellung und eine verbesserte Stabilität. Darüber hinaus ist die Ausbildung mit mehreren Ventilen, die im Prinzip als einfache Drosselventile ausgebildet sein können, kostengünstiger als die Verwendung von Drei-Wege-Ventilen, die einen komplizierteren Aufbau haben. Mit der neuen Ausgestaltung kann man auch dafür sorgen, daß ein Strom des Wärmeträgermediums nicht einfach nur nach Art eines Drei-Wege-Ventils auf die Primärseite der Wärmetauscheranordnung verteilt wird. Man kann vielmehr auch alle Einspeisepunkte mit Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit versorgen. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, bei einem niedrigen Wärmeverbrauch auf der Sekundärseite nur einen Einspeisepunkt mit Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit zu versorgen, der stromab des ersten Einspeisepunktes auf der Primärseite liegt. Da das entsprechende Ventil nur kleine Durchflußmengen regeln soll, wird eine bessere Stabilität erreicht, weil sich ein kleines Ventil einfacher und schneller regeln läßt. Man hat auch einen kleineren "wirksamen" Wärmetauscher und damit eine kleinere Verstärkung. Die Regelung wird damit schneller und stabiler. Bei einem größeren Wärmeverbrauch am Ausgang der Sekundärseite kann man dann den Strom der Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit durch die gesamte Primärseite leiten. Schließlich ist es auch möglich, alle Einspeisepunkte gleichzeitig mit Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit zu versorgen, so daß eine zusätzliche thermische Beaufschlagung der Sekundärseite ermöglicht wird. Diese gestufte Vergrößerung der Energiezufuhr ergibt wieder eine stabilere Regelung, indem Unter- und Überschwingen bei den beschriebenen Kombinationen vermindert wird.The use of multiple valves, which may be made correspondingly smaller, allows faster adjustment and improved stability. In addition, the multiple valve design, which may in principle be designed as simple throttle valves, is less expensive than the use of three-way valves having a more complicated structure. With the new design can also ensure that a stream of heat transfer medium is not simply distributed in the manner of a three-way valve on the primary side of the heat exchanger assembly. It is also possible to supply all feed points with heat transfer fluid. Thus, it is possible, for example, to supply only one feed point with heat transfer fluid at a low heat consumption on the secondary side, which is located downstream of the first feed point on the primary side. Since the corresponding valve is only intended to regulate small flow rates, better stability is achieved because a small valve can be regulated more easily and quickly. It also has a smaller "effective" heat exchanger and thus a smaller gain. The regulation will be faster and more stable. With a larger heat consumption at the output of the secondary side can then direct the flow of heat transfer fluid through the entire primary side. Finally, it is also possible to supply all feed points simultaneously with heat transfer fluid, so that an additional thermal loading of the secondary side is made possible. This stepped increase in energy supply again gives a more stable control by reducing undershoots and overshoots in the described combinations.

Vorzugsweise weist die Temperaturfühleranordnung mindestens einen Temperatursensor auf, der die Temperatur des Fluids auf der Sekundärseite ermittelt. Damit läßt sich der Zufluß von Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit auf der Primärseite in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Fluids auf der Sekundärseite steuern.The temperature sensor arrangement preferably has at least one temperature sensor which determines the temperature of the fluid on the secondary side. Thus, the inflow of heat transfer fluid can be controlled on the primary side in dependence on the temperature of the fluid on the secondary side.

Vorzugsweise weist die Temperaturfühleranordnung eine der Anzahl der Einspeisepunkte entsprechende Anzahl von Temperatursensoren auf, die auf der Sekundärseite angeordnet sind. Damit läßt sich die Temperaturbeeinflussung der Sekundärseite durch die Primärseite noch besser erfassen.The temperature sensor arrangement preferably has a number of temperature sensors corresponding to the number of feed points, which are arranged on the secondary side. Thus, the temperature influence of the secondary side can be detected even better by the primary side.

Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn die Temperaturfühler die Temperatur auf der Sekundärseite im Bereich eines Einspeisepunktes auf der Primärseite ermitteln. Damit läßt sich die Wirkung der über einzelne Einspeisepunkte auf der Primärseite zugeführten Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit noch besser erfassen. Es ergibt sich eine weitaus genauere Regelung.This applies in particular if the temperature sensors determine the temperature on the secondary side in the area of a feed point on the primary side. Thus, the effect of the heat transfer fluid supplied via individual feed points on the primary side can be detected even better. This results in a much more precise regulation.

Hierbei ist besonders bevorzugt, daß jeder Temperatursensor einem Ventil zugeordnet ist. Es gibt also eine Anzahl von Temperatursensoren, die der Anzahl der Ventile entspricht. Man kann beispielsweise jedes Ventil durch seinen zugeordneten Temperatursensor steuern lassen. Gegebenenfalls ist es hierbei von Vorteil, wenn man gewisse Hierarchien einhält. Eine mögliche Vorgehensweise besteht dann darin, daß man zunächst nur das Ventil betätigt, das den am weitesten stromabwärts gelegenen Einspeisepunkt auf der Primärseite versorgt. Erst wenn dieses Ventil vollständig geöffnet ist, und die Temperatur noch nicht ausreicht, wird ein Ventil geöffnet, das einen weiter stromaufwärts gelegenen Einspeisepunkt versorgt. Auf diese Weise bekommt man eine gestufte Vorgehensweise, die relativ schnell die gewünschte Temperatur auf der Sekundärseite erzeugen kann.It is particularly preferred that each temperature sensor is associated with a valve. So there are a number of temperature sensors that corresponds to the number of valves. For example, each valve can be controlled by its associated temperature sensor. If necessary, it is advantageous to comply with certain hierarchies. One possible approach is then to first operate only the valve which supplies the most downstream feed point on the primary side. Only when this valve fully open is, and the temperature is not sufficient, a valve is opened, which supplies a farther upstream feed point. In this way you get a stepped approach that can relatively quickly produce the desired temperature on the secondary side.

In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Temperatursensoren mit einer gemeinsamen Steuereinrichtung verbunden sind, die die Ventile steuert. Die Steuereinrichtung kann dann aus der Gesamtheit der Temperaturinformationen den Wärmebedarf ermitteln und dann möglicherweise eine andere Verteilung der Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit auf die Primärseite verursachen, um die gewünschte Brauchwassertemperatur am Ausgang der Sekundärseite zu erhalten.In an alternative embodiment it can be provided that the temperature sensors are connected to a common control device which controls the valves. The control device can then determine the heat requirement from the entirety of the temperature information and then possibly cause a different distribution of the heat transfer fluid to the primary side in order to obtain the desired service water temperature at the output of the secondary side.

Vorzugsweise ist mindestens ein Ventil, das mit einem in Strömungsrichtung stromab des ersten Einspeisepunktes angeordneten Einspeisepunkt verbunden ist, mit einem Differenzdruckregler kombiniert, der den Druck über das Ventil konstant hält. Mit einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ist die Zufuhr der Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit durch dieses Ventil und damit prinzipiell auch die Zufuhr der Wärme durch dieses Ventil nur vom Öffnungsgrad dieses Ventils abhängig. Dies erleichtert die Regelung ganz erheblich.Preferably, at least one valve connected to a feed point located downstream of the first feed point is combined with a differential pressure regulator which maintains the pressure across the valve constant. With such a configuration, the supply of the heat transfer fluid through this valve and thus in principle the supply of heat through this valve depends only on the degree of opening of this valve. This facilitates the regulation quite considerably.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Hierin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausgestaltung einer Mehrstufen-Wärmetauscheranordnung,
Fig. 2
eine zweite Ausgestaltung einer Wärmetauscheranordnung und
Fig. 3
eine dritte Ausgestaltung einer Wärmetauscheranordnung.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Herein show:
Fig. 1
A first embodiment of a multi-stage heat exchanger arrangement,
Fig. 2
a second embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly and
Fig. 3
a third embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Wärmetauscheranordnung 1 mit einem Wärmetauscher 2, der eine Primärseite 3 und eine Sekundärseite 4 aufweist. Die Primärseite 3 und die Sekundärseite 4 sind hier lediglich schematisch dargestellt. Sie stehen in einer wärmeübertragenden Verbindung zueinander, so daß Wärme, die von einem Wärmeträgerfluid auf der Primärseite 3 zugefördert wird, an ein anderes Fluid, beispielsweise Brauchwasser, an der Sekundärseite 4 übertragen werden kann. Wie dies durch Pfeile dargestellt ist, wird die Primärseite in einer ersten Richtung durchströmt (bezogen auf die Darstellung der Fig. 1: von rechts nach links) und die Sekundärseite 4 in entgegengesetzter Richtung. Brauchwasser wird der Sekundärseite 4 über einen Eingang 5 zugeführt und an einem Ausgang 6 abgenommen. Der Primärseite wird ein Wärmeträgerfluid, beispielsweise heißes Wasser aus einer Fernheizungsanlage, über einen Vorlauf 7 zugeführt und über einen Rücklauf 8 abgenommen. Fig. 1 shows a heat exchanger assembly 1 with a heat exchanger 2, which has a primary side 3 and a secondary side 4. The primary side 3 and the secondary side 4 are shown here only schematically. They are in a heat-transmitting connection to each other, so that heat, which is conveyed by a heat transfer fluid on the primary side 3, to another fluid, such as service water, can be transmitted to the secondary side 4. As shown by arrows, the primary side is flowed through in a first direction (based on the representation of the Fig. 1 : from right to left) and the secondary side 4 in the opposite direction. Service water is supplied to the secondary side 4 via an input 5 and removed at an output 6. The primary side is a heat transfer fluid, for example, hot water from a district heating system, fed via a feed line 7 and removed via a return line 8.

Der Vorlauf 7 spaltet sich in zwei Zweigleitungen 9, 10, von denen die erste Zweigleitung 9 mit einem ersten Einspeisepunkt 11 der Primärseite 3 und die zweite Zweigleitung 10 mit einem zweiten Einspeisepunkt 12 der Primärseite 3 verbunden ist. Der zweite Einspeisepunkt 12 liegt bezogen auf die Durchströmung der Primärseite 3 stromab des ersten Einspeisepunkts 11. Wärmeträgerfluid, das dem ersten Einspeisepunkt 11 zugeführt wird, durchströmt also die gesamte Primärseite 3 des Wärmetauschers 2. Wärmeträgerfluid, das am zweiten Einspeisepunkt 12 in die Primärseite 3 eingespeist wird, durchströmt nur einen Teil der Primärseite 3 des Wärmetauschers, d.h. ein erster Abschnitt 13 der Primärseite 3 wird von dem Wärmeträgerfluid, das am zweiten Einspeisepunkt 12 zugeführt wird, nicht zur Wärmeübertragung genutzt.The flow 7 splits into two branch lines 9, 10, of which the first branch line 9 is connected to a first feed point 11 of the primary side 3 and the second branch line 10 is connected to a second feed point 12 of the primary side 3. The second feed point 12 is based on the flow through the primary side 3 downstream of the first feed point 11. Heat transfer fluid, which is supplied to the first feed point 11, so flows through the entire primary side 3 of the heat exchanger 2 heat transfer fluid, which is fed to the primary side 3 at the second feed point 12 is, flows through only a portion of the primary side 3 of the heat exchanger, ie, a first portion 13 of the primary side 3 is not used by the heat transfer fluid, which is supplied at the second feed point 12, for heat transfer.

Dementsprechend hat auch die Sekundärseite 4 zwei Abschnitte 14, 15, von denen der Abschnitt 14 immer zur Wärmeübertragung von der Primärseite 3 auf die Sekundärseite 4 (oder umgekehrt) genutzt wird, während der Abschnitt 15 nur dann verwendet wird, wenn das Wärmeträgerfluid über die Zweigleitung 9 dem ersten Einspeisepunkt 11 zugeführt wird.Accordingly, the secondary side 4 has two sections 14, 15, of which the section 14 is always used for heat transfer from the primary side 3 to the secondary side 4 (or vice versa), while the section 15 is used only when the heat transfer fluid via the branch line 9 is supplied to the first feed point 11.

In der ersten Zweigleitung 9 ist ein erstes Ventil 16 und in der zweiten Zweigleitung 10 ist ein zweites Ventil 17 angeordnet. Beide Ventile steuern den Zufluß von Wärmeträgerfluid zur Primärseite 3 in den jeweils angeschlossenen Einspeisepunkt 11, 12. Wenn das erste Ventil 16 geöffnet wird, dann wird der erste Einspeisepunkt 11 mit Wärmeträgerfluid versorgt, das dann die gesamte Primärseite 3 durchströmt. Wenn das zweite Ventil 17 geöffnet wird, dann wird Wärmeträgerfluid am zweiten Einspeisepunkt 12 zugeführt, so daß eine Wärmeübertragung nur am zweiten Abschnitt 14 auf die Sekundärseite 4 erfolgt. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, beide Ventile 16, 17 zu öffnen, so daß nur ein Teil des Wärmeträgerfluids durch den Abschnitt 13 fließt, während der Rest der Primärseite 3 mit einer größeren Menge an Wärmeträgerfluid versorgt wird.In the first branch line 9, a first valve 16 and in the second branch line 10, a second valve 17 is arranged. Both valves control the inflow of heat transfer fluid to the primary side 3 in each connected feed point 11, 12. When the first valve 16 is opened, then the first feed point 11 is supplied with heat transfer fluid, which then flows through the entire primary side 3. When the second valve 17 is opened, then heat transfer fluid is supplied at the second feed point 12, so that a heat transfer takes place only at the second portion 14 on the secondary side 4. Of course, it is also possible to open both valves 16, 17, so that only a portion of the heat transfer fluid flows through the section 13, while the rest of the primary side 3 is supplied with a larger amount of heat transfer fluid.

Zur Steuerung der Ventile 16, 17 ist ein erster Temperaturfühler 18 vorgesehen, der im Bereich des ersten Einspeisepunkts 11 angeordnet ist, und ein zweiter Temperaturfühler 19, der im Bereich des zweiten Einspeisepunkts 12 angeordnet ist. Beide Temperaturfühler 18, 19 erfassen die Temperatur auf der Sekundärseite 4.To control the valves 16, 17, a first temperature sensor 18 is provided, which is arranged in the region of the first feed point 11, and a second temperature sensor 19, which is arranged in the region of the second feed point 12. Both temperature sensors 18, 19 detect the temperature on the secondary side. 4

In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Temperaturfühler 18 dem Ventil 16 und der Temperaturfühler 19 dem Ventil 17 zugeordnet, so daß man die Zufuhr von Wärmeträgerfluid unmittelbar in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur auf der Sekundärseite 4 steuern kann.In the in Fig. 1 In the embodiment shown, the temperature sensor 18 is associated with the valve 16 and the temperature sensor 19 with the valve 17 so that the supply of heat transfer fluid can be controlled directly as a function of the temperature on the secondary side 4.

Wenn am Ausgang 6 Brauchwasser mit einer gewünschten Temperatur entnommen werden soll, wird dort ein nicht näher dargestelltes Ventil geöffnet. Das durch die Sekundärseite 4 strömende Brauchwasser hat eine zu niedrige Temperatur, deren absoluter Wert allerdings nicht konstant ist, sondern von Umgebungseinflüssen beaufschlagt ist. Solange die auf der Sekundärseite herrschende Temperatur noch nicht der vorgegebenen Solltemperatur entspricht, wird dies vom zweiten Temperaturfühler 19 erfaßt, der das zweite Ventil 17 aufsteuert, so daß das Brauchwasser auf der Sekundärseite 4 erwärmt wird. Wenn die Wärmeübertragung in der Stufe des Wärmetauschers 2, die den Abschnitt 14 der Sekundärseite 4 aufweist, ausreicht, um das Brauchwasser auf die gewünschte Temperatur zu erwärmen, sind keine weiteren Maßnahmen erforderlich. In diesem Fall stellt nämlich auch der erste Temperaturfühler 18 fest, daß die Solltemperatur erreicht ist. Die Regelung der Wassertemperatur erfolgt bis dahin also ausschließlich über das Zusammenwirken zwischen dem zweiten Temperaturfühler 19 und dem zweiten Ventil 17. Diese Regelung kann relativ schnell erfolgen, so daß auch die Gefahr eines Aufschwingens klein bleibt.If you want to remove 6 hot water with a desired temperature at the output, a valve not shown in detail is opened. The hot water flowing through the secondary side 4 has too low a temperature whose absolute value is not constant, but is exposed to environmental influences. As long as the prevailing on the secondary side temperature does not yet correspond to the predetermined target temperature, this is detected by the second temperature sensor 19, the aufsteuert the second valve 17 so that the hot water is heated on the secondary side 4. If the heat transfer in the stage of the heat exchanger 2, which has the portion 14 of the secondary side 4, sufficient to heat the service water to the desired temperature, no further action is required. In this case, the first temperature sensor 18 also determines that the setpoint temperature has been reached. The regulation of the water temperature takes place up to then so exclusively on the interaction between the second temperature sensor 19 and the second valve 17. This scheme can be done relatively quickly, so that the risk of Aufschwingens remains small.

Wenn auch der erste Temperaturfühler 18 feststellt, daß die Solltemperatur noch nicht erreicht ist, dann steuert der erste Temperaturfühler 18 das erste Ventil 16 auf, so daß eine zusätzliche Übertragung von Wärme von der Primärseite 3 auf den Abschnitt 15 der Sekundärseite 4 möglich ist.Although the first temperature sensor 18 determines that the setpoint temperature has not yet been reached, then the first temperature sensor 18 controls the first valve 16, so that an additional transfer of heat from the primary side 3 to the section 15 of the secondary side 4 is possible.

Das Öffnen und Schließen der beiden Ventile 16, 17 wird also von den beiden Temperaturfühlern 18, 19 gesteuert. Der Einstellpunkt der Ventile 16, 17 kann über die Ventilsteuerung gesteuert werden. Die Ventilsteuerung kann in mehreren verschiedenen Arten ausgeführt werden. Man kann beispielsweise das Ventil 16 schließen und das Ventil 17 öffnen, so daß eine Wärmeübertragung nur im Abschnitt 14 der Sekundärseite 4 erfolgt. Man kann die Ventile 16, 17 so betreiben, daß das Ventil 16 geöffnet und das Ventil 17 geschlossen wird. In diesem Fall erfolgt eine Wärmeübertragung in den Abschnitten 14 und 15 auf die Sekundärseite 4. Man kann auch beide Ventile 16, 17 öffnen. In diesem Fall erfolgt eine Wärmeübertragung auf den Abschnitt 15 der Sekundärseite 4 und eine vergrößerte Wärmeübertragung auf den Abschnitt 14 der Sekundärseite 4.The opening and closing of the two valves 16, 17 is thus controlled by the two temperature sensors 18, 19. The set point of the valves 16, 17 can be controlled via the valve control. The valve control can be carried out in several different ways. For example, it is possible to close the valve 16 and open the valve 17, so that heat is transferred only in the section 14 of the secondary side 4. You can operate the valves 16, 17 so that the valve 16 is opened and the valve 17 is closed. In this case, heat is transferred to the secondary side 4 in sections 14 and 15. It is also possible to open both valves 16, 17. In this case, heat is transferred to the section 15 of the secondary side 4 and an increased heat transfer to the section 14 of the secondary side. 4

Die Ventile 16,17 können, wie dargestellt, von den Temperaturfühlern 18, 19 direkt betrieben werden, beispielsweise durch eine elektrische, magnetische oder mechanische Ansteuerung. Es ist auch möglich, daß man manuell betätigbare Ventile 16, 17 verwendet, die dann von Hand in Abhängigkeit von einer gefühlten oder gemessenen Temperatur angesteuert werden müssen.The valves 16, 17 can, as shown, be operated directly by the temperature sensors 18, 19, for example by an electrical, magnetic or mechanical control. It is also possible to use manually operable valves 16, 17, which then have to be manually activated as a function of a sensed or measured temperature.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer Wärmetauscheranordnung, bei der gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly, wherein the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

Geändert hat sich nun, daß die Temperaturfühler 18,19 nicht mehr direkt mit den Ventilen 16, 17 gekoppelt sind, sondern mit einer Steuereinrichtung 20, die wiederum die Ventile 16, 17 ansteuert. Mit einer derartigen Steuereinrichtung 20 kann man die Temperatureinflüsse der Primärseite 3 auf die Sekundärseite 4 noch etwas besser berücksichtigen.Has now changed that the temperature sensor 18,19 are no longer directly coupled to the valves 16, 17, but with a control device 20, which in turn controls the valves 16, 17. With such a control device 20, the temperature influences of the primary side 3 on the secondary side 4 can be considered somewhat better.

Die Temperaturfühler 18, 19 sind in beiden Fällen in der Nähe der Einspeisepunkte 11, 12 angeordnet, so daß sie im Prinzip die gesamte thermische Auswirkung der über die einzelnen Stufen der Primärseite zugeführten Wärme erfassen.The temperature sensors 18, 19 are arranged in both cases in the vicinity of the feed points 11, 12, so that they detect in principle the entire thermal effect of the heat supplied via the individual stages of the primary side.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Mehrstufen-Wärmetauscheranordnung, bei der gleiche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind, wie in den Fig. 1 und 2. Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a multi-stage heat exchanger assembly, wherein the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals, as in the Fig. 1 and 2 ,

Jedes Ventil 16, 17 weist einen Antrieb 21, 22 auf, wobei die Antriebe 21, 22 über die Temperaturfühler 18, 19 gesteuert werden.Each valve 16, 17 has a drive 21, 22, wherein the drives 21, 22 are controlled by the temperature sensors 18, 19.

In Reihe mit dem zweiten Ventil 17 ist ein druckgesteuertes Ventil 23 angeordnet, das über eine Membran 24 und ein Kapillarrohr 25 vom Versorgungsdruck vor dem Ventil 17 und einer nur schematisch dargestellten Membranfeder 26 gesteuert wird. Das Ventil 23 sorgt also dafür, daß der Druckabfall über das Ventil 17 konstant bleibt.In series with the second valve 17, a pressure-controlled valve 23 is arranged, which is controlled via a membrane 24 and a capillary tube 25 from the supply pressure in front of the valve 17 and a diaphragm spring 26 shown only schematically. The valve 23 thus ensures that the pressure drop across the valve 17 remains constant.

Das erste Ventil 16 wird ausschließlich von der Temperatur am Temperatursensor 18 beeinflußt. Der Öffnungsgrad dieses Ventils 16 wird sich also in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur am Ausgang der Sekundärseite 4 einstellen. Das zweite Ventil 17 wird in Abhängigkeit vom Druck am Vorlauf 7 eingestellt, weil die Druckdifferenz über das zweite Ventil 17 mit Hilfe des Differenzdruckreglers, der das druckgesteuerte Ventil 23 aufweist, konstant gehalten wird.The first valve 16 is influenced solely by the temperature at the temperature sensor 18. The degree of opening of this valve 16 will therefore be set as a function of the temperature at the outlet of the secondary side 4. The second valve 17 is adjusted in response to the pressure at the flow 7, because the pressure difference across the second valve 17 by means of the differential pressure regulator, which has the pressure-controlled valve 23 is kept constant.

Claims (5)

  1. Multiple-stage heat exchanger arrangement (1) having a primary side (3) and a secondary side (4) which are in heat-transmitting connection and can be flowed through in opposed directions, the primary side (3) having at least one first infeed point (11) and one second infeed point (12) which are connected to the primary side (3), and a valve arrangement (16, 17) being provided which interacts with a temperature sensor arrangement (18, 19) and controls a flow of a heat exchange fluid through the primary side (3), and the valve arrangement having a dedicated valve (16, 17) for each infeed point (11, 12), and the heat exchange fluid which is fed to the first infeed point (11) flowing through the entire primary side (3) of the heat exchanger (2), and the heat exchange fluid which is fed into the primary side (3) at the second infeed point (12) flowing through only a part of the primary side (3) of the heat exchanger, with the result that the heat exchanger arrangement (1) has a first section (13) of the primary side (3), the first section (13) of the primary side (3) not being utilized for heat transfer by the heat exchange fluid which is fed in at the second infeed point (12), characterized in that the temperature sensor arrangement (18, 19) has a number of temperature sensors (18, 19) which corresponds to the number of infeed points (11, 12), which temperature sensors (18, 19) are arranged on the secondary side (4).
  2. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensors (18, 19) determine the temperature on the secondary side (4) in the region of an infeed point (11, 12) on the primary side (3).
  3. Arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each temperature sensor (18, 19) is assigned to a valve (16, 17).
  4. Arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature sensors (18, 19) are connected to a common control device (20) which controls the valves (16, 17).
  5. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one valve (17) which is connected to an infeed point (12) which is arranged upstream of the first infeed point (11) in the flow direction is combined with a differential pressure regulator (23-26) which keeps the pressure across the valve (17) constant.
EP05700556.3A 2004-01-09 2005-01-07 Multi-stage heat-exchanger assembly Not-in-force EP1704378B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004001379A DE102004001379B4 (en) 2004-01-09 2004-01-09 Multi-stage heat exchanger arrangement
PCT/DK2005/000005 WO2005066571A1 (en) 2004-01-09 2005-01-07 Multi-stage heat-exchanger assembly

Publications (2)

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EP1704378A1 EP1704378A1 (en) 2006-09-27
EP1704378B1 true EP1704378B1 (en) 2014-10-08

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EP (1) EP1704378B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100449252C (en)
DE (1) DE102004001379B4 (en)
RU (1) RU2314475C9 (en)
WO (1) WO2005066571A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005043952A1 (en) 2005-09-15 2007-04-05 Danfoss A/S Heat exchanger and method for controlling a heat exchanger
DE102009022640A1 (en) * 2009-05-26 2010-12-02 Danfoss A/S valve assembly
RU2473014C1 (en) * 2010-06-10 2013-01-20 Данфосс А/С Control method of single-pipe heat supply system
AU2013329887B2 (en) * 2012-10-09 2018-02-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling a temperature distribution in a heat exchanger
WO2014118047A1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2014-08-07 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. A valve arrangement for a heat treatment apparatus
DE102013219716A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for the automated use of waste heat
CN105277007B (en) * 2015-09-28 2017-05-03 广州罗杰韦尔电气有限公司 Control system and method for graphite condenser
DK179248B1 (en) * 2016-09-12 2018-03-05 Danfoss As Tapping unit with only one connection
DK179208B9 (en) * 2016-09-12 2018-04-16 Danfoss As Fluid supply system
EP3525060B1 (en) * 2018-02-08 2021-04-21 Grundfos Holding A/S Flow control module and method for controlling the flow in a hydronic system
SE543008C2 (en) * 2018-11-22 2020-09-22 Stockholm Exergi Ab Method and system for balancing mass flow during production disruption or shortage in a district heating network

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GB2175685B (en) * 1985-05-30 1989-07-05 Aisin Seiki Heat exchange arrangements.
CN1155640A (en) * 1995-10-20 1997-07-30 艾克泽吉公司 Supplying heat to externally fired power system
WO1998011391A1 (en) * 1996-09-11 1998-03-19 Limax Öl-Gas-Fernwärmetechnik Gmbh Temperature presetting system without auxiliary energy for systems for heating water for domestic use with and without circulation and arrangements therefor
DE19702897C2 (en) * 1996-09-11 1998-10-01 Limax Oel Gas Fernwaermetechni Temperature pre-regulation for domestic water heating systems
GB9812238D0 (en) * 1998-06-08 1998-08-05 Schack Engineering Gb Limited Heat exchanger
GB0121375D0 (en) * 2001-09-04 2001-10-24 Ashe Morris Ltd Temperature control systems

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RU2314475C1 (en) 2008-01-10
RU2314475C9 (en) 2008-04-27
CN100449252C (en) 2009-01-07
CN1910423A (en) 2007-02-07
WO2005066571A1 (en) 2005-07-21
DE102004001379A1 (en) 2005-08-04
DE102004001379B4 (en) 2005-11-24
EP1704378A1 (en) 2006-09-27

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