EP1698747A2 - Device for the anchoring of persons working on roofs, especially on flat roofs - Google Patents

Abstract

Beaten into roof substructure insulation (11), tongues (30) can be tightened by additional means of support like screws. The tongues cause a safety device to grip on the roof. This guarantees that the safety device has great stability under load. A support plate (44) has a slot (47) to fit each tongue.

Description

The invention relates to a device for securing on roofs, in particular flat roofs, active persons according to the preamble of claim 1.

Persons, in particular craftsmen who work on roofs, must be secured on the roof during their work. For this purpose, each person uses a safety harness from a to be applied to the upper body of the person seat belt and at least one safety line. The safety line is connected at one end to the seat belt worn by the person, while the other end of the safety line is connected to one of, preferably, a plurality of fasteners on the roof. Each of these fasteners is part of the device according to the invention.

The person working on the roof can always hook himself with the safety line in the vicinity of their work on the roof in the nearest or easiest to reach fastening means of the device and thus secure against falling from the roof. The respective fastening means is anchored by a connecting means with the roof fixed. This anchorage must be designed so that it is stable enough in all circumstances and does not affect the tightness of the roof.

For roofs, especially with roofs covered flat roofs, it is difficult to arrange the fasteners sufficiently stable on the roof. Another problem is that there may be no leaks in the arrangement of fasteners on the roof. This is especially true when existing, older roofs with fixtures having devices to be retrofitted or need to.

In known devices of this type serve as connecting means for arranging the fasteners on the roof pieces of roofing membranes, which are glued to the underlying, existing roofing membrane and / or welded. Although this type of attachment of the device on the roof is relatively easy to produce, the device gets its grip on the roof but only by the glued or welded roofing sheet. In particular, at high outside temperatures, when the bituminous dimensions of the roofing membranes is soft, it may happen that the known connection means no longer ensure adequate retention of the fasteners on the roof more. Such durability problems also arise when older roofs are to be retrofitted with the device and the existing roofing sheet does not provide sufficient support due to its age the glued or welded roofing sheet piece. This is especially true when a fastener is heavily and / or jerkily charged.

Based on the foregoing, the present invention seeks to provide a simple device for securing on roofs, in particular flat roofs, active people who provides a solid, lasting hold and also leads to no leaks in the roof.

An apparatus for achieving this object has the features of claim 1. By forming at least some connecting means for positive and / or frictional connection of the respective connecting means with the roof, there is a firm hold of the fastener on the roof. The maintenance of the fastener on the roof is not dependent on outside temperatures and the age of the roofing membrane due to the positive and / or frictional connection. The fastening means are "nailed" by the positive and / or frictional connection means quasi on the roof and / or "festgekrallt".

The positive and / or frictional connection means are according to a preferred embodiment of the device for coupling the fastening means to a below a roof membrane lying roof base formed. As a result, it is not necessary for the roofing sheet alone to absorb the force exerted on the fastening means; this is rather completely or at least partially absorbed by the roof substructure, which already has a sufficient strength.

Preferably, the positive and / or non-positive connection means extend obliquely to the surface of the roof. Thereby, the connecting means may act in the manner of claws when the anchored by the connecting means on the roof fastener is loaded. Since usually a plurality of connecting means are arranged around the fastening means, a connecting means is always pulled under load of the fastening means in the manner of an anchor in the roof base due to the oblique course of the connecting means. A release of the fastener even under high load is thus virtually eliminated.

According to a preferred embodiment of the device supporting means are assigned to the frictional and / or positive connection means. The support means ensure that the connecting means maintain their position even under extreme load of the fasteners at least almost and do not deform. Loosening of the fastener under load is thereby effectively avoided.

Preferably, the positive and / or frictional connection means are formed as substantially flat tongues with a sword or blade-like shape. The flat tongues create relatively large contact and support surfaces under load of the fasteners. As a result, the tongues exert only a relatively small surface pressure on the material of the roof substructure when the device is loaded. Thus, it is possible to reliably fix the device with the tongues in an insulation of the roof substructure by the supporting forces are directed substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the tongues.

Preferably, the tongues are each at least tapered towards a free end, in particular pointed. As a result, the tongues in the attachment of the device as a nail in the roof, in particular the roof substructure, drive.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the edges of the tongues are deburred, in particular rounded. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided to polish the tongues, at least their edges. By deburring or

Rounding and / or polishing the tongues avoids a notch effect when the tongues are operated through the roof substructure.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the tongues extend obliquely through a lying on the roof surface support plate of the fastening means. The tongues thereby form claws for reliable anchoring of the fastener in the roof. In particular, when a plurality of tongues are distributed around the fastener, wherein the pointed free ends of all tongues converge obliquely to the vertical center axis of the device, creates a total umbrella-like anchoring of the fastener on the roof, regardless of the direction of the force acting on the fastener force the Tongues pull plow-share or anchor-like into the roof substructure. As a result, the holding force of the fastener is reinforced with increasing load, which leads to a reliable under all circumstances the device, in particular the fastening means of the same, on the roof.

The tongues are further guided in the support plate, preferably in such a way that they are kept largely immovable in the support plate. As a result, the tongues can not appreciably change their relative position, in particular their oblique orientation relative to the support plate, even when the device is loaded. The tongues thereby claw the support plate with the fastener substantially rigidly in the roof base, even if the tongues are not additionally held by support means.

The lower platen has a central raised portion, which is preferably formed by a frustoconical ring portion. Slit-like openings for the positive reception of the end regions of the tongues directed away from the pointed ends are associated with the central raised area. As a result, the attachment points of the tongues are located on the support plate at a distance from the top of the flat roof. Preferably, the apertures are formed corresponding to the end portions of the tongues, whereby the tongues are immovably supported in the apertures. Preferably, the tongues are held in the openings of the support plate is substantially rigid. As a result, the tongues do not change their obliquely directed to the surface of the roof course, even if the device loads, or at least not appreciably.

The slot-like openings of the support plate, according to a preferred embodiment of the device, a reinforcement, in particular an extended guide, exhibit. Alternatively or additionally, the openings may be assigned support means. Thereby, the substantially immovable fixation of the tongues in the support plate is further improved.

According to a preferred further embodiment of the invention support means provide an additional connection of the support plate with the tongues. The tongues are thus fixed by the support means in a stable position under all circumstances. When the fastener is loaded, the tongues can not deform or change their position, thereby precluding a loosening of the device. Preferably, each tongue is associated with a support means. It is thereby intercepted each tongue by its associated support means.

It is envisaged to lock with the support means the direction or inclination of the tongues relative to the surface of the roof. The support plate with the fastener can be tightened so on the roof. Advantageously, the support means are designed as screws. These may be threaded screws, but also self-tapping screws. Alternatively, the support means may also be designed as rivets, in particular hollow rivets. Both with the screws and with the rivets, it is possible to tension the tongues against the direction in which they have been driven into the roof, in particular the roof substructure. Preferably, thereby the angle of the tongues relative to the surface of the roof becomes smaller. As a result, a backlash-free, biased clamping of the support plate with the support means on the roof is possible.

Alternatively, it is possible to form the support means associated with each tongue as a support tab. The preferably flat support tab has a tongue-like shape. The surfaces of the support tabs are slightly larger than the tongues. Each support tab, like the screw, serves to lock the direction or inclination of the tabs relative to the surface of the roof, thereby securely securing the support plate to the fastener on the roof. Preferably, each securing tab has a preferably slot-like opening through which a tongue can be inserted obliquely or transversely through each. Thus, the respective tongue can be inserted through the opening in the respective support tab without jamming, this breakthrough is greater than the cross-section of the respective tongue formed. The tongue can thereby be inserted obliquely through the breakthrough, the respective support tab in different directions and with sufficient clearance.

The slot-like breakthrough in the respective support tab is widened by a bulge at least on one side in the central region. This ensures that the tip of the respective oblique tongue reliably hits the breakthrough in the support tab even with larger deviations in the direction of the tongue. This is especially true when the central area of the aperture on both sides, an upper edge and a lower edge, is widened by a respective bulge.

It is further provided to arrange a spacer plate on a preferably flat lower support plate. The spacer has openings for the head of the tongues, support tabs and / or screws located on the support plate. The thickness of the spacer is chosen so that the heads are completely absorbed therein. The spacer may be formed of a material of a roofing sheet, possibly a simple roofing sheet, but also of other materials, such as rubber, plastic, aluminum or the like. By the heads of the tongues, screws and / or support tabs receiving spacer can be laid above it for sealing Dachbahnstück flat over the spacer, without the roof track piece would have to be guided around the heads of the tongues, screws and / or support straps.

Alternatively, a single support means may be associated with all tongues. Such a support means is preferably in the region of a central elevation of the support plate for fixing the fastener to the roof.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Teilbereich eines Dachs mit drei erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt analog zur Fig. 2 durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt analog zur Fig. 2 durch ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht (Grundriss) auf die Vorrichtung nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

einen Querschnitt analog zur Fig. 2 durch ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,

Fig. 7

eine Draufsicht analog zur Fig. 5 auf die Vorrichtung der Fig. 6,

Fig. 8

eine vergrößert dargestellte Grundrissansicht einer Stützlasche der Vorrichtung nach den Fig. 6 und 7,

Fig. 9

einen Querschnitt durch ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung ohne den in den Fig. 2, 3, 4 und 6 gezeigten Dachunterbau,

Fig. 10

eine perspektivische Ansicht nur der unteren Auflageplatte mit den darin eingesetzten Zungen und Stützlaschen nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 9, und

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Führungseinrichtung zur vereinfachten Montage der Zungen und Stützlaschen.

Preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Fig. 1

a schematic plan view of a portion of a roof with three devices according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a cross section through a first embodiment of the device,

Fig. 3

a cross section similar to FIG. 2 through a second embodiment of the device,

Fig. 4

a cross section similar to FIG. 2 through a third embodiment of the device,

Fig. 5

a plan view (plan view) of the device according to the embodiment of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

a cross section similar to FIG. 2 by a fourth embodiment of the device,

Fig. 7

5 is a plan view analogous to FIG. 5 of the apparatus of FIG. 6,

Fig. 8

an enlarged plan view of a support tab of the device according to FIGS. 6 and 7,

Fig. 9

a cross-section through a fifth embodiment of the device without the roof base shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 6,

Fig. 10

a perspective view of only the lower platen with the tongues and support tabs inserted therein according to the embodiment of Fig. 9, and

Fig. 11

a perspective view of a guide device for simplified installation of the tongues and support tabs.

All embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to a partially shown in FIG. 1 flat roof 10. The flat roof 10 has a conventional roof base, of which in Figs. 2 and 3, only an upper layer, namely an insulating layer of an insulation 11, is shown. The roof substructure, namely the insulation 11, is covered with a roof skin of at least one layer of roofing membranes 12. In Fig. 1, the top layer of the roof skin from strip-shaped side by side laid roofing membranes 12 is shown. The parallel side-by-side roofing membranes 12 are laid with slight overlap of their edge regions, wherein at least the overlapping edge regions of adjacent roofing membranes 12 are welded together and / or glued together so as to form a continuous, closed roof skin. According to the invention by means of connecting means the device by positive and / or frictional engagement with the roof, in particular the roof base, namely in the illustrated embodiment of Insulation 11, connected. As a result, the device with the roof, namely the roof substructure, which does not necessarily have to be the insulation 11, clawed.

In order to protect persons working on the flat roof 10, such as roofers, from falling off the flat roof 10, it is prescribed that the persons secure themselves on the flat roof 10. For this purpose, each person wears a safety harness, which consists of a worn on the upper body seat belt and at least one safety line or a safety belt. One end of the safety line is connected to the safety belt, while the opposite, free end of the safety line is releasably connected to a respective device according to the invention. This device is arranged at different locations of the roof 10. 1 shows an example of the arrangement of several devices on the flat roof 10. Accordingly, in this example, three identical devices are arranged at a distance from each other and at a distance from the edge 13 of the flat roof 10. Any other arrangement of the devices on the flat roof 10 is conceivable. The distribution of the devices over the surface of the flat roof 10 shown by way of example in FIG. 1 thus does not represent the only possibility; rather one of many possibilities.

Each device is fixedly arranged on the flat roof 10, in such a way that when falling even a heavy person from the flat roof 10, the device of the force exerted by this person pulling force without damaging the flat roof 10, in particular the roof membrane of the same forming roofing membrane 12 and below lying insulation 11 or insulation layer of the roof base, holds.

Each of the identically designed devices has a fastener and a plurality of connecting means. The fastener is used for releasably connecting the free end of the safety line or the safety belt with the device and thus also with the flat roof 10. The connecting means serve to establish a permanent connection between the fastening means and the flat roof 10, in particular also the roof base.

A first connection means, which is, however, not a positive and / or frictional connection means, is formed from a roof track piece 14. The roof sheet 14 may be a piece of a conventional roof sheet 12. The roof track piece 14 may be formed as a roof track portion which extends over the entire width of a roof sheet 12, so that by rolling a corresponding length of the roof sheet 12 and Separating the same, the respective roof sheet 14 is formed. Preferably, the roof track piece 14 is formed of a high-quality roofing membrane with high strength properties. The roof track piece 14 is outside the range of the device on the roof sheet 12 of the flat roof 10 and is hereby connected in a conventional manner, ie by welding and / or gluing.

Other, further connecting means according to the invention for positive and / or frictional connection of the device to the roof, so here the flat roof 10, is formed. These connection means will be described in more detail below.

In the illustrated embodiments of the invention, the fastening means is designed as a ring screw 15 or a ring nut 38. These are standardized standard components that are available at low cost. But it is also conceivable to form the fastener in any other way, provided that it is suitable for releasable connection with a free end of the safety line with the person to be secured by the safety belt to be worn. For example, the fastening means, if it is not designed as a ring screw 15 or ring nut 38, also be designed as a fastening hook, a fastening ring, a fastening eye, a fastening screw or a bayonet-type coupling.

In the apparatus of Fig. 2 is used as a fastening means the eye bolt 15, which has a threaded bolt 17 below an upper, exposed mounting ring 16. The threaded bolt 17 is integrally connected to the mounting ring 16. The threaded bolt 17 of the eye bolt 15 extends through which also serves as a connecting means Dachbahnstück 14. For passing the threaded bolt 17 through the roof track piece 14 this has a corresponding opening 18, which may be a punched hole or even an incision. In the area of the eyebolt 15, an upper support plate 19 is arranged above the roof track piece 14. Below the roofing sheet 14, a further, lower support plate 20 is present. The lower support plate 20 corresponds to the upper support plate 19 such that in the region of the opening 18 for the threaded bolt 17, the roof track piece 14 is clamped between the support plates 19 and 20. In this case, the lower support plate 20 is covered by the roof sheet 14 and sealed.

The support plates 19 and 20 are provided in the illustrated embodiment in the central region with through holes 21 for the threaded bolt 17 of the eye bolt 15. In addition, the central region of the support plates 19 and 20 is formed increased. in the Cross section thus have the rotationally symmetrical, preferably circular support plates 19 and 20 on a hat or dish-shaped. Because of the central elevation 22, a central clearance 23 is created, in particular under the lower support plate 20. This serves to receive a lower end region of the lower support plate projecting downwards relative to the lower support plate 20 Threaded bolt 17 of the eye bolt 15 and a nut screwed thereon 25. The nut 25 is welded centrally under the through hole 21 of the lower platen 20. Another nut 26 is assigned to the fastening ring 16 of the eye bolt 15 facing end portion of the threaded bolt 17, namely almost completely screwed onto the threaded bolt 17. This nut 26 is used after screwing the eye bolt 15 in the fixed under the lower platen 20 welded nut 25 for locking the screw, so that the eye bolt 15 can not be solved even under load.

The underlying under the roof sheet 14 lower support plate 20 is provided with a flat, frusto-conical annular portion 27. This wall portion 27 surrounds the circular central elevation 22 of the lower support plate 20. The wall of the frustoconical ring portion 27 is slightly inclined to the top of the flat roof 10, in such a way that the annular portion 27 to the center of the support plate 20 increases. In the illustrated embodiment, the wall of the annular portion 27 relative to the top of the flat roof 10 is only slightly inclined by about 15 ° to 20 °. The inclination of the circumferential wall of the annular portion 27 may also be greater, up to 45 °.

The frustoconical ring portion 27 is provided with a plurality of openings. In the illustrated embodiment, the ring portion 27 has four evenly distributed on its circumference, so each offset by 90 ° slots 28. The slots 20 have a flat, rectangular cross-section. The direction of the slots 28 may also include a larger or smaller angle to the top of the flat roof 10. The long sides of the slots 28 are transverse to the radius of the annular portion 27 (Figure 5). In the lower support plate 20 shown in FIG. 2, the slots 28 on the underside of the support plate 20 are surrounded by a circumferential collar 29. As a result, the slots 28 have longer guide surfaces.

The slots 28 in the lower platen 20 are used to receive the other positive and / or frictional connection means. Each of the four slots 28 is associated with a tongue 30, so that in the apparatus of Fig. 2 (but also all other embodiments) in each case four tongues 30 for form and / or frictional connection of the device with the flat roof 10 serve. This connection is made in the embodiments shown in the area of the insulation 11 of the roof base by the four tongues 30 are anchored like anchors in the insulation. The tongues 30, in particular parts of the same, but can also engage in other parts of the roof or roof substructure. The identically formed tongues 30 are sharpened on a free end 31 protruding into the insulation 11 of the roof substructure (FIGS. 2 and 5). The opposite, narrow longitudinal edges of each tongue 30 are slightly converging toward the free end 31, so that the width of each tongue 30 decreases slightly towards the free end 31. Each tongue 30 is held in the respective slot 28 with an outer end portion 32 opposite the free end 31. For this purpose, the outer end portion 32 of each tongue 30 corresponds to the base of its associated slot 28 of the lower platen 20. Preferably, the outer end portion 32 of each tongue 30 has a slight excess over the slot 28 by the end portion 32 slightly wider and / or something thicker than the slot 28. In this way, an interference fit of the outer end portion 32 of each tongue 30 in its associated slot 28 of the platen 20 comes about, whereby the tongues 30 are substantially rigidly connected to the lower platen 20, to this rigid connection the collar 29 to the downward Extension of each slot 28 of the support plate 20 contributes. The excess of the end portion 32 of each tongue 30 to the slot 28, in particular the narrow longitudinal edges thereof converging slightly towards the free end 31 of the tongue 30, results in the tongue 30 not being able to push completely through the slot 28. Essentially, the respective tongue 30 can be driven only so far into the slot 28 of the lower support plate 20, that the end portion 32 delimiting rear end face 33 of the tongue 30 is approximately flush with the outside of the surface of the annular portion 37 of the support plate 20 or against the Ring portion 27 protrudes slightly outward (Figs. 2 and 4). Alternatively, it is also conceivable to provide each tongue 30 with a thickening at the end region 32 final end face 33 which limits the impact depth of the tongue 30 in the slot 28 of the support plate 20 as on the nail and prevents the tongue 30 at Loading the device slips through the slot 28.

As a result of approximately at 45 ° to the plane of the support plate extending slots 28, the tongues 30 extend at an angle of 45 ° to the surface of the flat roof 10 into the interior of the roof base, which is in the illustrated embodiment, the insulation 11 in. The length of the tongues 30 is then chosen so that when their end portions 32 are wrapped in the slots 28 of the support plate 20, the pointed free ends 31 of all four tongues 30 are directed to a vertical longitudinal central axis 34 of the threaded bolt 17 of the eye bolt 15 and the free ends 31 of opposing tongues 30 are opposite each other at a small distance (FIG. 5). In this case, the flat surfaces of the tongues 30 extend at an angle of about 45 ° to the surface of the flat roof 10, with opposing tongues 30 are directed opposite. In this way, an umbrella-like overall configuration of all four tongues 30 comes about.

The tongues 30 are sword-like and thus have a relatively small thickness. This thickness can be between 2 mm and 4 mm, in particular about 3 mm. The tongues are made of metal, which may also be stainless steel, in particular stainless steel. But the tongues 30 may also be made of aluminum or plastic, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic. From the same materials and the support plates 19 and 20 may exist. These have a wall thickness of 4 mm to 10 mm, in particular 5 mm to 6 mm. It is also conceivable to make the lower support plate 20 solid in the region of the free space below the central elevations 22, so that there is no free space 23 under the central elevation 22. As a result, an improved guidance of the tongues 30 in the slots 28 is brought about. In such a massive design of the support plate 20, it is recommended that these aluminum or plastic, in particular reinforced plastic to form. Alternatively, it is also possible to subsequently fill the free space 23 under the support plate 20, preferably to shed. For this purpose, both compact plastic and foam plastic is suitable. Conveniently, the clearance 23 is poured out or foamed under the central elevation 22 of the platen 20 after the tongues 30 are mounted. Then the material used for pouring or foaming, preferably plastic, after curing as a securing means for the position of the tongues 30. Also by the subsequent filling of the free space 23, the tongues 30 receive under the platen 20 is a reliable guide. By the subsequent pouring or foaming of the free space 23, the tongues 30 are fixed in their respective position with the device still unloaded. Thereby, any game of the device on the flat roof 10 is avoided.

After the lower platen 20 is positively and frictionally secured with the through the slots 28 through the insulation 11 of the roof base tongues 30 on the roof, the lower platen 20 is covered with the filled by the end portions 32 of the tongues 30 slots 28 of Roof track piece 14. The roof track piece 14 has a larger area than the lower support plate 20, whereby opposite the support plate 20 outside around projecting edge portions of the roof track piece 14, the roof sheet 12 overlap to cover the flat roof 10. After bonding the protruding edge regions of the roofing sheet 14 with the roofing sheet 12, the lower support plate 20 with the slots 28 against environmental influences, in particular moisture, sealed. Now, the upper support plate 19 is placed on the central regions of the roofing sheet 14 and the ring screw 15 is screwed with the threaded bolt 17 through the through holes 21 of both support plates 19 into the nut 25 welded under the lower support plate 20. In this case, the eye bolt 15 is tightened so far that the region lying between the support plates 19 and 20 of the roof track piece 14 is clamped by the support plates 19 and 20. Subsequently, the nut 26 is countered to prevent rotation of the eye bolt 15th

Previously, the assembly of all items of the device has been described locally. It is also conceivable to deliver the device pre-assembled by the eye bolt 15 has already been screwed into the nut 25 under the platen 20 and the roof sheet 14 between the receiving plates 19 and 20 has been clamped. The device thus preassembled is placed at the appropriate location on the flat roof 10. By subsequently folding up the outer regions of the roofing sheet 14 protruding from the upper bearing plate 19, the slots 28 for receiving the tongues 30 are freely accessible. It can then hit the tongues 30 through the slots 28 in the roof base and thereby the device can be anchored to the flat roof 10. Subsequently, the opposite to the upper receiving plate 19 projecting edge portions of the roofing sheet 14 are glued to the roof sheet 12 and / or welded, after which the attachment of the device is completed on the flat roof 10.

The device according to the second embodiment of FIG. 3 differs from the device of FIG. 2 essentially only in that all tongues 30 a single support means is assigned. For all the same parts of the device of Figs. 2 and 3, like reference numerals are used. The support means is formed in the embodiment shown as a round support plate 44. The outer diameter of the support disk 44 is sized so that it can serve to cover the underside of the central elevation 22 of the lower platen 20. In this case, the support plate 44 is welded at the bottom of the central elevation 22 circumferentially or with short welds or welds. This is done in such a way that the support disc 44 lies in the same plane in which an outer, planar ring portion 45, which surrounds the frusto-conical middle ring portion 27, is located. At least the underside of the support plate 44 and the annular portion 45 are then in a common horizontal plane, whereby the lower support plate 20 rests on the roof sheet 12. But it is also conceivable to connect the support plate 44 with the support plate 20 so that the lower surface of the support plate 44 is slightly above the plane of the annular portion 45, which ensures that the support plate 40 only with the outer ring portion 45 on the Roofing membrane 12 rests. The support plate 44 has in the middle a preferably circular diameter 46 which is dimensioned in diameter so that through it the nut 25 and the opposite this downwardly projecting lower end portion 24 of the threaded bolt 17 of the eye bolt 15 can pass.

The support disk 44 has a matching slot 47 for each tongue 30. Due to the arrangement of the support disk 44 in the lower region of the central elevation 22, the slots 47 in the support disk 44 are spaced from the slots 28 in the frusto-conical annular portion 27 of the lower support plate 20 (FIG. 3). As a result, each tongue 30 is spaced from each other. Supported points on the support plate 20, at an upper location in the region of a slot 28 and a lower point in the region of the slot 47. The tongues 30 are so except for play in the slots 28 and 47 substantially unverkippbar and stable with the support plate 20 connected.

The device according to the third embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 differs from the devices of FIGS. 2 and 3 essentially only in that the tongues 30 are associated with other support means. For the same parts, in turn, the same reference numerals are used.

The support means of the tongues 30 are formed in the embodiment shown by screws 35. These are either threaded or self-tapping screws. Each tongue 30 is associated with a screw 35. The screws 35 are inserted through through holes 36 in the region of the central elevation 22 of the lower support plate 20. The through holes 26 are sized so that the screws 35 are freely rotatable therein, so there is no thread engagement. The screws 35 are perpendicular to the plane of the central elevation 22 by the support plate 20 inserted in such places that one end of each screw 35 a tongue 30 approximately in the middle meets (Fig. 5). The tongues 30 are provided with threaded through holes 37 where the screws 35 hit them. Through each threaded through hole 37, one end 35 of a screw is hindurchschraubbar. If a self-tapping screw 35 is used, the tongues 30 need only have through-holes. By screwing a correspondingly pointed end of the self-tapping screw into the through hole of the tongue 30, a thread is then automatically cut.

The heads 43 of the screws 35 are embedded in from the top of the central elevation 22 of the lower platen 20 outgoing countersinks so that the heads 43 flush with the top of the central elevation 22. 4 and 5 screws 35 are shown with countersunk head and a simple slot as tool receiving means. However, the screws 35 may also have heads 43 with other common shapes. In the heads 43, other tool receiving means, such as Phillips, hexagon socket or the like may be arranged.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the tongues 30 are held by the screws 35 and in the slots 28 in the lower platen 20. This double fixation of each tongue 30 causes all tongues 30 are connected virtually rigidly with the lower platen 20. In addition, it is conceivable to slightly bias the tongues 30 by tightening the screws 35, so that the free ends 31 are pivoted against the support plate 20. As a result, a firm and backlash-free locking of the device with the roof, in particular the insulation 11, comes about.

Another difference of the device of Fig. 4 to the devices shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is that the fastening means is formed of a commercially available, standardized ring nut 38. The ring nut 38 has a lower base 39 and a continuous threaded bore 40. The support plate 20 is provided with a threaded bolt 41. The threaded bolt 41 is fixedly connected to the support plate 20, in particular welded. A free end of the threaded bolt 41 extends through the threaded bore 40 in the base 39 of the ring nut 38. Between the bottom of the base 39 of the ring nut 38 and the upper support plate 19, a lock nut 42 is arranged. The lock nut 42 is screwed onto the threaded bolt 41.

When assembling the device of the embodiment of FIG. 4 is basically the same procedure as in the assembly of the devices according to the embodiments Only the tongues 30 are additionally secured against pivoting by the screws 35 after the complete insertion or insertion into the slots 28 of the lower support plate 20. The screws 35 are through the through holes 36 in the region of the central elevation 22 of inserted lower support plate 20. By appropriate holes in the roof base, in particular the insulation 11, the ends of the screws 35 can get into the threaded through holes 37 in the tongues 30. The screws 35 are then turned on so far that they produce a desired voltage, in particular bias, the tongues 30 in the roof substructure, in particular the insulation 11. As a result of this voltage, the device with the tongues 30 with the aid of screws 35 on the flat roof 10 is effectively clamped.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show a fourth embodiment of the invention. This differs from the third embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 only in that at the location of the screws 35, the securing means forming support tabs 48 are provided. Again, like reference numerals will be used for those parts of the apparatus of FIGS. 6-8 which are identical or corresponding to the apparatus of FIGS. 4 and 5.

Each tongue 30 is associated with its own support tab 48. Each of the identically formed, tongue-like, flat support tabs 48, the base surface of which is shown in FIG. 8, is tongue-like, essentially flat. The surface of the respective support tab 48 is larger than that of the tongue 30, in particular, the support tabs 48 are wider than the tongues 30. The support tabs 48 are just as the support plate 20 associated with the screws 35, namely in the region of the circular, planar central elevation 22nd held. The flat support tabs 48 are arranged on a pitch circle about the longitudinal center axis 34 of the eye bolt 16 and the threaded bolt 17, in such a way that they are perpendicular, so cut the support plate 20 at a right angle. The support tabs 48 are aligned tangentially to this pitch circle, in such a way that their surfaces form a tangent to the pitch circle. In this way, the tongues 30 can be obliquely inserted through the flat side of the respective support tab 48, namely at a corresponding opening 49 in the respective support tab 48. The opening 49 is dimensioned slightly larger than the cross section of the tongue 30 in that area in which he cuts the respective support tab 48. In this way, the respective tongue 30 extends with play through the support tab 48. The slit-like tongue shown in FIG. 8 has at the lower transverse edge on a bulge 52 extending over the central region thereof. Possibly Such a bulge 52 may also be arranged on the upper or alternatively only on the upper transverse edge of the slot-shaped opening 49. By the single bulge 52 or two opposite bulges 52 of the central region of the opening 49 in the support tab 48, the meeting of the opening 49 in the support tab 48 is facilitated when the tongue 30 through the slot 28 in the support plate 20 and the insulation 11 of the Roof substructures is driven through. The tip of the respective tongue 30 passes into the central region of the slot-shaped opening 49 in the support lug 48, which is widened by at least one bulge 52, even if the tongue 30 is inserted through the support plate 20 and the insulation 11 of the roof substructure at an angle deviating from the desired angle ,

Each support tab 48 has at the upper end two opposite extensions 50, which act like nail heads and prevent complete passage of the support tab 48 through the slot 47 in the region of the central elevation 22 of the support plate 20. At the location of the widenings 50, the head 51 of each support tab 48 can also have an otherwise nail-head-like enlargement, which reliably holds the respective support tab 48 in the slot 47 of the support plate 20.

Characterized in that the tongues 30 extend obliquely through the substantially vertical support tabs 48 (Fig. 6), the tongues 30 are supported in the region of their lower ends by the support tabs 48. When loading the device, in particular the ring nut 48, the tongues 30 can not shift appreciably, so change their direction only in the scope of the game between the respective tongue 30 and the support tab 48 in the region of the slot 47 thereof.

The filling of the clearance 23 previously described in connection with the embodiment of FIG. 2 by a solid support plate 20 or a subsequent pouring or foaming of the clearance 23 is also suitable for the device according to the embodiment of FIG. 4, even if the screws 35 already serve for additional support of the tongues 30.

The present embodiments of the invention relate to a flat roof 10. The invention is also suitable for all other roofs, in particular inclined roofs. The devices can alternatively be applied directly to a roof substructure. Then the devices are also suitable for roofs that are not provided with roofing membranes 12, but roofing tiles, roof tiles, slate or the like.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a fifth embodiment of the device according to the invention. This device corresponds in principle to the device according to the fourth embodiment (FIGS. 6 to 8). Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts.

Figure 9 shows approximately the true proportions of the device. In principle, the devices of the first four embodiments have similar proportions, even if they are shown differently in FIGS. 2 to 8, which has been done only for the sake of clarity in these figures.

In the illustrations of FIGS. 9 and 10, the roof substructure shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 6 with the insulation 11 and the roofing membrane 12 is absent. However, the device of FIGS. 9 and 10 is in principle to be arranged on the same or similar roof substructure. Optionally, a roof track rosette, not shown, may be arranged above the roof track 12, in particular when it is an older or insufficiently resistant roof track 12, which extends over at least the entire area of the device, in particular its (lower) support plate 53. But the roof track rosette can also have a slightly larger diameter. The roof track rosette is formed from a new roofing membrane glued to the lower roofing membrane 12 prior to assembly of the device and / or welded, in particular a high-strength roofing membrane.

The device of FIGS. 9 and 10 differs from the device of FIG. 6 initially in that the support plate 53 is planar. The flat support plate 53 has a circular base.

By the support plate 53, namely slots 28 and 47 in the same, the oblique tongues 30 and the vertical support tabs 48 are inserted therethrough, wherein the oblique tongues 30 extend through an opening 49 of the respective support tab 48 therethrough. This is particularly clearly shown in Fig. 10, wherein only the flat circular support plate 53 and the inserted through this (four) tongues 30 and (four) support tabs 48 are shown.

On the flat support plate 53, a spacer 54 is arranged in the device shown here. The flat spacer 54 is loosely placed on the support plate 53. The preferably circular spacer 54 has a central through hole 55 through which the threaded bolt 41 extends. This is the result Spacer 54 held on the threaded bolt 41 centered to the support plate 53.

In the area of heads 56 of the tongues 30 and heads 51 of the support tabs 48 which rest on the flat support plate 53 and project upwardly, the spacer 54 has openings 58 and 59 which correspond to the heads 56 and 51 of the tongues 30 and Support tabs 48, in particular slightly larger, are formed. The spacer 54 has a thickness sufficient to fully receive the heads 56 of the tongues 30 and the heads 51 of the apertures 46 so that the heads 56 and 51 do not protrude above the planar upper surface of the spacer 54. The diameter of the spacer 54 is selected in the illustrated embodiment so that it ends slightly outside the outer heads 56 of the tongues 30 and in the surface of the spacer 54, the outer apertures 58 are still recording. In contrast, the support plate 53 is provided with a larger diameter. It is also conceivable to choose the diameter of the support plate 53 and the spacer 54 about the same size.

The spacer 54 and this surrounding from the outside annular portion of the larger diameter support plate 53 are also covered in this device by a roof sheet 14. Preferably, this is a circular rosette, which is larger in diameter than the support plate 53, so a circular ring area of the roofing sheet 14 surrounding the support plate 53 rests on the roofing sheet 12 or a reinforcing layer thereof and can be sealingly connected thereto, for example by gluing and / or welding. Through a central through hole 60 for the threaded bolt 41 and the roof track piece 14 is guided on the threaded bolt 41 and centered centered.

On the roof track piece 14, an upper support plate 19 is mounted from above. This is provided in the central region with a bulge, that is approximately as formed as the upper support plates 19 of the previously described embodiments of the device. Above the support plate 19, in turn, a ring nut 38 is provided, which is screwed with a threaded bore 40 on an external thread of the thread at least at the upper end portion of the threaded bolt 41. In the apparatus shown here, the ring nut 38 is integrally connected to the support plate 19, preferably welded. As a result, the support plate 19 is mounted together with the ring nut 38 by screwing the ring nut 38 on the upper end of the threaded bolt 41. On a lock nut 42 for securing the ring nut 38 against unintentional release can be dispensed with in the embodiment shown, because the support plate 19 is integrally connected to the ring nut 38 and the support plate 19 is elastically deformable by the middle bulge and thereby secures the ring nut 38 on the upper end of the threaded bolt 41 against unintentional release.

Fig. 11 shows a guide means 61 for guided mounting of both the oblique tongues 30 and the vertical support tabs 48. The guide means 61 has a base plate 62 which is provided at one end with a through hole 63 which corresponds to the diameter of the threaded bolt 41st is trained. Thereby, the guide means 61 can be pushed with the through hole 63 in the base plate 62 on the threaded bolt 41 and rotated around it. In this way, the guide means 61 can be reliably positioned by appropriate rotation at those points where the tongues 30 and the support tabs 48 are to be inserted through the lower support plate 53, namely via the slots 28 and 47 for the tongues 30 and the support tabs 48 in the support plate 53.

Above the base plate 42, the guide 61 has vertical guide channels 64 for the vertical support tabs 48 and obliquely directed guide channels 65 for the oblique tongues 30. By the guide channels 64 and 65 is determined by the guide means 61, the direction of the oblique tongues 30 and the vertical support tabs 48 when driving the same in the roof base and thereby also ensures that the oblique tongues 20 when driving into the roof base, the openings 49 in the support tabs 48 meet, as shown in Fig. 10 is particularly clear.

In the embodiments shown, four connecting means, in particular tongues 30, and partly an equal number of supporting means are provided. However, the invention is not limited thereto. The number of connecting means, in particular tongues 30, can be greater or less than four. The same applies to the proppant.

Claims (18)

Device for securing on roofs, in particular flat roofs (10), persons active, with at least one fastening means and with connecting means for connecting the fastening means to the roof, characterized in that at least some connecting means for positive and / or frictional connection of the or each fastening means are formed with the roof. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the positive and / or frictional connection means are formed for fastening the fastening means with a roof base. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least some positive and / or frictional connection means obliquely to the surface of the roof, in particular of the flat roof (10) extend. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction and / or positive connection means is associated with at least one support means, preferably each connecting means is associated with a support means. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positive and / or frictional connection means as sword-like, in particular planar, tongues (30) are formed, which are preferably tapered towards a free end (31) and / or pointed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongues (30) preferably extend obliquely through a support plate (20) of the fastening means, wherein preferably the tongues (30) guided by the support plate (20), in particular largely immovably held , Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support plate (20) is curved like a plate to form a central elevation, which are associated with the tongues (30), preferably the central elevation has a circumferential ring portion (27) having a frusto-conical shape, wherein the tongues (30) are associated with the frustoconical ring portion (27). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support plate (20) preferably in the frustoconical ring portion (27) has slot-like openings for receiving the free, pointed ends (31) opposite upper end portions (32) of the tongues (30) in particular corresponding to the cross section of the tongues (30) in their upper end regions (32) are formed for substantially play-free receiving the end portions (32) of the tongues (30) in the slot-like openings (32) of the support plate (20). Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the slot-like openings reinforcements and / or elongated guides for the tongues (30), preferably of circumferential, relative to the underside of the support plate (20) projecting collar (29) are surrounded. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of support means are provided and / or the support means are formed such that they connect the tongues (30) with the support plate (20), wherein the tongues (30) preferably tensioned by the support means are. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the support means, the direction or inclination of the tongues (30) is variable and / or arrestable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each tongue (30) is associated with a support means, wherein the support means are preferably formed as screws (35). Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the screws (35) are supported on the support plate (20), preferably in corresponding through holes (36) in the support plate (20) are freely rotatable. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the screws (35) in a thread in the tongues (30) screwed, preferably by a thread in the tongues (30) are hindurchschraubbar. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support means are designed as tongue-like support tabs (48) which are preferably mounted in the support plate (20), preferably supported on the support plate (20). Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that each support tab (48) has at least one preferably slot-like opening (49) for a tongue (30), optionally a central area of at least one side of the respective slot-like opening (49) being formed by a bulge (52 ) is widened. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a single, common support means for all tongues (30) is provided, preferably by pouring and / or foaming a clearance (23) under a central elevation (22) of the support plate (20). and / or a support disc (44) is formed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support plate (53) is planar, wherein optionally on the support plate (53) has a spacer (54) with openings (58, 59) for the heads (56, 51) of the tongues (30), the support tabs (48) and / or the screws (35) is arranged and the spacer (54) is preferably formed of a roofing sheet material.

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