EP1683892B1 - Coating process - Google Patents

Coating process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1683892B1
EP1683892B1 EP05028432.2A EP05028432A EP1683892B1 EP 1683892 B1 EP1683892 B1 EP 1683892B1 EP 05028432 A EP05028432 A EP 05028432A EP 1683892 B1 EP1683892 B1 EP 1683892B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile component
metal powder
period
coating
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP05028432.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1683892A1 (en
Inventor
Elisabeth Danger
Martin Pohl
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THERMISSION AG
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Thermission AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer fest haftenden metallischen Beschichtung auf ein Profilbauteil aus Stahlblech.The invention relates to a method for applying a firmly adhering metallic coating on a profile component made of sheet steel.

Die Beschichtung von Profilbauteilen aus Stahlblech erfolgt mit dem Ziel, deren Eigenschaften zu verbessern. Hierdurch können insbesondere die Korrosionsanfälligkeit, aber auch der Verschleiß bei den beschichteten Profilbauteilen vermindert werden.The coating of profile components made of sheet steel is carried out with the aim of improving their properties. As a result, in particular the susceptibility to corrosion, but also the wear in the coated profile components can be reduced.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich insbesondere auf den Korrosionsschutz von Profilbauteilen aus Stahlblech und hier insbesondere auf das Überziehen der Profilbauteile aus Stahlblech mit Zink.The present invention relates in particular to the corrosion protection of profile components made of sheet steel and in particular to the coating of the profile components made of sheet steel with zinc.

Verfahren zum formlosen Auftragen von fest haftenden Schichten aus formlosen Stoffen auf metallische Oberflächen, insbesondere Bleche, sind im Stand der Technik bekannt. Hierzu zählen das Feuerverzinken, das Spritzverzinken durch thermisches Spritzen, Flammspritzen, Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen, Lichtbogenspritzen oder Plasmaspritzen, das Sherardisieren und das galvanische Verzinken.Methods for the formless application of firmly adhering layers of shapeless materials to metallic surfaces, in particular sheets, are known in the art. These include hot-dip galvanizing, spray-galvanizing by thermal spraying, flame spraying, high-speed flame spraying, arc spraying or plasma spraying, sherardizing and galvanic galvanizing.

Aus der US 5 384 165 ist beispielsweise ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Galvanisieren eines Eisensubstrats bekannt. Das Eisensubstrat liegt in Bandform vor und wird elektrostatisch aufgeladen, ehe es durch ein flüssiges Bad mit pulverförmigem Galvanisierungsmaterial gezogen wird. Das Galvanisierungsmaterial haftet am Eisensubstrat an und wird in einer folgenden Heizstation über die Schmelztemperatur erhitzt. Auf diese Weise wird eine dauerhafte Beschichtung auf dem Eisensubstrat ausgebildet. Abschließend wird das beschichtete Eisensubstrat wieder abgekühlt.From the US 5,384,165 For example, a method and apparatus for electroplating an iron substrate is known. The iron substrate is in ribbon form and is electrostatically charged before being drawn through a liquid bath of powdered plating material. The galvanizing material adheres to the iron substrate and in a subsequent heating station above the melting temperature heated. In this way, a permanent coating is formed on the iron substrate. Finally, the coated iron substrate is cooled again.

Die bekannten Verfahren sind ausgereift und erfüllen ihren Zweck je nach Anwendungsfall bzw. Anforderung an die Beschichtung gut. Insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Erzeugung einer hochwertigen Beschichtung bei hohen Stückzahlen, wie sie im Automobilbau vorliegen, erscheint jedoch eine Verbesserung bzw. Vereinfachung und Rationalisierung wünschenswert. Hierbei bietet das Sherardisieren interessante Ansatzpunkte, wobei dieses Verfahren derzeit zur Beschichtung von Schüttgütern bei kleinen fertig vorgeformten Gegenständen wie Schrauben oder Muttern mit Zink zur Anwendung gelangt.The known methods are mature and fulfill their purpose well depending on the application or the requirement of the coating. However, in particular with regard to the production of a high-quality coating at high quantities, as present in the automotive industry, an improvement or simplification and rationalization seems desirable. Here Sherardizing offers interesting starting points, this process is currently used for coating bulk materials in small preformed objects such as screws or nuts with zinc used.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein für die praktische Anwendung insbesondere im Automobilbau rationelleres und verbessertes Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer festen metallischen Beschichtung auf ein Profilbauteil aus Stahlblech aufzuzeigen.The invention has the object of demonstrating a more rational and practical for the application in particular in the automotive industry improved method for applying a solid metallic coating on a profile component made of sheet steel.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht nach der Erfindung in einem Verfahren gemäß den Maßnahmen von Patentanspruch 1.The solution of this problem consists according to the invention in a method according to the measures of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des grundsätzlichen Erfindungsgedankens zeigen die abhängigen Patentansprüche 2 bis 8 auf.Advantageous developments of the basic concept of the invention, the dependent claims 2 to 8.

Zum Beschichten eines Profilbauteils aus Stahlblech wird dieses metallisch rein in einem Behandlungsraum mit einem zink- oder zinkoxidhaltigen Metallpulver eingenebelt. Elektrostatisch wird auf der Oberfläche des Profilbauteils vollflächig Metallpulver abgeschieden. Das Profilbauteil wird dann über einen Zeitraum von 0,5 h bis 4 h einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen, bei welcher durch einen Diffusionsprozess zwischen dem Stahlblech und dem Metallpulver feste, stoffschlüssige, bis zu 5 µm bis 40 µm dicke Eisen-Zink-Legierungsschichten ausgebildet werden. Bei der Wärmebehandlung kommt es zur Ausbildung eines vom Sherardisieren bekannten Überzugs aus dem Eisen des Stahlblechs und dem Metallpulver an der Oberfläche. Die Dicke der Beschichtung hängt neben dem Aufladungspotential von der Temperatur und der Behandlungszeit ab. Im Rahmen der Erfindung erfolgt die Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 280 °C und 350 °C, insbesondere in einem Temperaturbereich von 300 °C bis 320 °C.For coating a profile component made of sheet steel, it is nebulized metallically pure in a treatment space with a metal powder containing zinc or zinc oxide. Electrostatically, metal powder is deposited over the entire surface of the profile component. The profile component is then subjected to a heat treatment over a period of 0.5 h to 4 h in which solid, cohesive, up to 5 μm to 40 μm thick iron-zinc alloy layers are formed by a diffusion process between the steel sheet and the metal powder. During the heat treatment, a coating of the iron of the steel sheet and the metal powder known from sherardization forms on the surface. The thickness of the coating depends on the charging potential in addition to the temperature and the treatment time. As part of The invention, the heat treatment at a temperature between 280 ° C and 350 ° C, in particular in a temperature range of 300 ° C to 320 ° C.

Vorliegend kommt in erster Linie ein Metallpulver mit dem Hauptbestandteil Zink bzw. Zinkoxid zur Anwendung, welches gegebenenfalls Additive zur Verbesserung der chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften der Beschichtung enthält. Bei der Wärmebehandlung von mit Zinkpulver bedeckten Profilbauteilen entstehen so infolge der Diffusionsvorgänge zwischen dem Grundmetall und dem Beschichtungsmetall Eisen-Zink-Legierungsschichten. Die Überzüge sind gleichmäßig und duktil.In the present case, primarily a metal powder with the main constituent zinc or zinc oxide is used, which optionally contains additives for improving the chemical and physical properties of the coating. During the heat treatment of profile components covered with zinc powder, iron-zinc alloy layers thus arise as a result of the diffusion processes between the base metal and the coating metal. The coatings are uniform and ductile.

Vor dem Beschichten werden die Profilbauteile einer Oberflächenbehandlung unterzogen. Hierbei findet eine Reinigung der Profilbauteile statt, so dass die Profilbauteile metallisch blank sind. Dies kann beispielsweise durch einen Beizvorgang erfolgen, insbesondere ist jedoch an ein Sandstrahlen gedacht.Before coating, the profile components are subjected to a surface treatment. Here, a cleaning of the profile components takes place, so that the profile components are metallic blank. This can be done for example by a pickling process, but in particular is intended to sand blasting.

Der Auftrag des Metallpulvers auf das Profilbauteil erfolgt elektrisch bzw. elektrostatisch. Bevorzugt wird hierzu das Metallpulver im Behandlungsraum elektrisch aufgeladen, wohingegen das Profilbauteil im Behandlungsraum elektrisch geerdet aufgehängt ist. Durch die Spannungsdifferenz schlägt sich das Metallpulver gleichmäßig verteilt und vollflächig auf der Oberfläche des Profilbauteils nieder.The order of the metal powder on the profile component is carried out electrically or electrostatically. For this purpose, the metal powder is preferably electrically charged in the treatment room, whereas the profile component is suspended electrically grounded in the treatment room. Due to the voltage difference, the metal powder is uniformly distributed and over the entire surface down on the surface of the profile component.

Möglich ist auch die umgekehrte Vorgehensweise, bei der das Metallpulver ungeladen ist und an das Profilbauteil ein Hochspannungspotential angelegt, dieses also elektrisch aufgeladen wird.Also possible is the reverse approach, in which the metal powder is uncharged and applied to the profile component a high voltage potential, this is therefore electrically charged.

Die Wärmebehandlung teilt sich auf in eine Aufheizphase bis zum Erreichen der Behandlungstemperatur und eine Haltephase, in der die Behandlungstemperatur über einen bestimmten Zeitraum gehalten wird. Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich die Aufheizphase über einen Zeitraum von 0,5 h bis 2 h. In einzelnen Fällen ist es denkbar, dass die Wärmebehandlung nach der Aufheizphase beendet ist. Grundsätzlich kann daher von einer Haltephase ausgegangen werden, die sich über einen Zeitraum von 0 h bis 2 h erstrecktThe heat treatment is divided into a heating phase until reaching the treatment temperature and a holding phase in which the treatment temperature is maintained for a certain period of time. Preferably, the heating phase extends over a period of 0.5 h to 2 h. In individual cases, it is conceivable that the heat treatment is completed after the heating phase. Basically, therefore be assumed by a holding phase, which extends over a period of 0 h to 2 h

Besonders rationell erfolgt die Beschichtung der Profilbauteile in einem Durchlaufprozess. In der Praxis ist insbesondere daran gedacht, warmgeformte Profilbauteile nach dem Warmformvorgang in einer sich direkt anschließenden Anlage mit pulverförmigem Zink zu versehen und in einem Durchlaufofen den Diffusionsprozess durchzuführen. Hierdurch werden logistische und technische Abläufe vereinfacht bzw. eingespart, was ein großes Kostenersparnispotential eröffnet. Gegebenenfalls kann vor der Beschichtung der Bauteile, wie oben beschrieben, eine Oberflächenbehandlung, beispielsweise durch Sandstrahlen, vorgenommen werden.The coating of the profile components takes place in a particularly efficient manner in a continuous process. In practice, it is especially thought to provide thermoformed profile components after the thermoforming process in a directly subsequent plant with powdery zinc and to carry out the diffusion process in a continuous furnace. As a result, logistical and technical processes are simplified or saved, which opens up a large cost savings potential. Optionally, prior to the coating of the components, as described above, a surface treatment, for example by sandblasting, be made.

Angestrebt ist, die beschichteten Profilbauteile gleichmäßig abzukühlen. Zur Rationalisierung sollte der Abkühlvorgang weniger als eine Stunde betragen.The aim is to evenly cool the coated profile components. For rationalization, the cooling process should be less than one hour.

Zur Einstellung der Qualität und der Eigenschaft der Beschichtung können im Metallpulver neben Zink oder Zinkoxid weitere Komponenten enthalten sein, wodurch Einfluss auf das chemische Verhalten, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit, und das physikalische Verhalten, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Haftfestigkeit der Beschichtung, ebenso wie der Geometrie der Beschichtung und der Schichtdickenverteilung genommen werden kann.In order to adjust the quality and the property of the coating, other components may be present in the metal powder in addition to zinc or zinc oxide, thereby influencing the chemical behavior, in particular with regard to the corrosion resistance, and the physical behavior, in particular with regard to the adhesive strength of the coating how the geometry of the coating and the layer thickness distribution can be taken.

Die Erfindung schafft ein rationelles einfaches Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer qualitativ hochwertigen Beschichtung, insbesondere einer Zinkschicht auf Profilbauteilen aus Stahlblech. Es kann ein gleichmäßiger Überzug erzeugt werden. Die Beschichtung erfolgt trocken bei guter Ausnutzung des Beschichtungsmaterials. Prozessbedingte Verluste am Metallpulver sind minimiert. Die erzeugten Überzüge auf den Profilbauteilen sind verformungsfähig, was ebenfalls vorteilhaft ist.The invention provides a rational simple method for producing a high-quality coating, in particular a zinc layer on profile components made of sheet steel. It can be produced a uniform coating. The coating takes place dry with good utilization of the coating material. Process-related losses of metal powder are minimized. The coatings produced on the profile components are deformable, which is also advantageous.

Claims (8)

  1. Method for the application of a solid metallic coating onto a profile component made from sheet steel, in which the profile component is spray-misted in a treatment room with a metal powder containing zinc or zinc oxide, and the metal powder is electrostatically deposited onto the entire surface of the profile component, after which the profile component is heat-treated at a temperature of between 280°C and 350°C over a period of 0.5 h to 4 h, during which a diffusion process causes iron-zinc alloy layers between 5 µm and 40 µm thick to form between the sheet steel and the metal powder, after which the profile component undergoes cooling.
  2. Method according to claim 1, in which the metal powder is electrically charged in the treatment room.
  3. Method according to claim 1, in which the profile component is electrically charged in the treatment room.
  4. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, in which the heat treatment occurs at a temperature of between 300°C and 320°C.
  5. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, in which the heat treatment includes a heating-up phase and a hold phase and the heating-up phase extends over a period of 0.5 h to 2 h and the hold phase over a period of 0 h to 2 h.
  6. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, in which the cooling of the profile component occurs within a period of less than or equal to 1 h.
  7. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, in which the profile component is subjected to a surface treatment before entering the treatment room.
  8. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, in which the profile component is coated in a continuous process.
EP05028432.2A 2005-01-19 2005-12-23 Coating process Not-in-force EP1683892B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005002706A DE102005002706B4 (en) 2005-01-19 2005-01-19 coating process

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EP1683892A1 EP1683892A1 (en) 2006-07-26
EP1683892B1 true EP1683892B1 (en) 2018-10-31

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EP05028432.2A Not-in-force EP1683892B1 (en) 2005-01-19 2005-12-23 Coating process

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US (1) US20060159858A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1683892B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102005002706B4 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BRPI0709041B1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2018-06-05 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation HOT DIP GALVANIZED STEEL SHEET WITH HIGH CORROSION RESISTANCE
DE102010004081C5 (en) 2010-01-06 2016-11-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method for thermoforming and curing a circuit board
DE102012110649C5 (en) 2012-11-07 2018-03-01 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Thermoforming line and method for producing a hot-formed and press-hardened motor vehicle component
NZ630641A (en) 2012-12-12 2015-10-30 Kwik Coat Aust Pty Ltd Alloy coated workpieces
US10203232B2 (en) * 2016-09-27 2019-02-12 Cameron International Corporation Flow meter with rotor assembly
CH713079A1 (en) 2016-10-26 2018-04-30 Thermission Ag Method for applying a layer structure by thermal diffusion onto a metallic or intermetallic surface.
DE102018114840A1 (en) 2018-06-20 2019-12-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Process for producing a coating on profile components made of sheet steel
DE102018114838A1 (en) 2018-06-20 2019-12-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Motor vehicle component made from tempered steel

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1796195A1 (en) * 1968-09-18 1972-03-09 Lamben Developments Ltd Process for electroplating iron or steel
US3660136A (en) * 1970-11-23 1972-05-02 Gen Electric Method of coating slotted articles
US5059446A (en) * 1990-02-14 1991-10-22 Armco Inc. Method of producing plastic coated metal strip
US5384165A (en) * 1993-06-11 1995-01-24 Sms Engineering Inc. Method and apparatus to galvanize a ferrous substrate
JPH07171485A (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-07-11 Nippon Paint Co Ltd Electrostatic powder coating method
DE69711601T2 (en) * 1996-10-25 2002-09-26 Po Hang Iron & Steel DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE ZINC COATING OF STEEL SHEETS
US6276400B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2001-08-21 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. Corrosion resistant powder coated metal tube and process for making the same
JP2001146567A (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-05-29 Lock Paint Kk Zinc-rich powder coating composition, its coating method and coated product

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Publication number Publication date
EP1683892A1 (en) 2006-07-26
DE102005002706A1 (en) 2006-07-20
DE102005002706B4 (en) 2009-03-05
US20060159858A1 (en) 2006-07-20

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