EP1676762A1 - Weapon system carried on a light vehicle and process to set up such a weapon system. - Google Patents

Weapon system carried on a light vehicle and process to set up such a weapon system. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1676762A1
EP1676762A1 EP05292595A EP05292595A EP1676762A1 EP 1676762 A1 EP1676762 A1 EP 1676762A1 EP 05292595 A EP05292595 A EP 05292595A EP 05292595 A EP05292595 A EP 05292595A EP 1676762 A1 EP1676762 A1 EP 1676762A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon system
vehicle
ground
arms
stand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05292595A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1676762B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Balbo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexter Systems SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Nexter Systems SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA, Nexter Systems SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to SI200530901T priority Critical patent/SI1676762T1/en
Publication of EP1676762A1 publication Critical patent/EP1676762A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1676762B1 publication Critical patent/EP1676762B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/28—Wheeled-gun mountings; Endless-track gun mountings
    • F41A23/32—Wheeled-gun mountings; Endless-track gun mountings with split trails

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of weapon systems and in particular weapon systems mounted on a vehicle.
  • Armored vehicles heavy or light, wheeled or tracked, and which have a turret carrying a gun whose caliber can be between 75 mm and 155 mm, are thus known.
  • the known systems are also relatively heavy (at least 18 tons), and their size limits the possibilities of air transport in theaters of operation.
  • the weapon system according to the invention can also be implemented very quickly and it can increase the firepower and mobility of land forces.
  • the invention relates to a weapon system comprising a barrel mounted on a cradle integral with a vehicle, weapon system characterized in that the cradle is integral with a base fixed at a rear portion of the vehicle, base on which are articulated at least two arms each carrying a spade at their end, each arm being lockable in unfolded position and also comprising a stand intended to bear on the ground between the spade and the base.
  • each crutch carries a plate at its end bearing on the ground, plate linked to the stand by a hinge.
  • the stand when the arm is in the unfolded position and the vehicle is on a horizontal ground, the stand is substantially vertical and the end of the spade is at a distance of between 0mm and 200 mm from the ground.
  • the distance between the stand and the articulation of the arm on the base will preferably be between 5% and 20% of the total length of the stand.
  • the base may comprise at least two branches on which the arms are articulated, locking means being provided between each branch and the articulated arm that it carries.
  • the locking means will advantageously be in the locking position when the arm is inclined relative to the horizontal by an angle of between 10 ° and 30 °.
  • the base will be able to carry a circular on which will be fixed a fork carrying the cradle.
  • the cradle of the barrel may be rotated in site and in relation to the base by the drive means.
  • the pivoting of the arms may be controlled by hydraulic cylinders powered by a generator integral with the vehicle.
  • the barrel may have a caliber of between 75mm and 155mm and the pivoting capacity in the bed of the cradle may be greater than 100 °.
  • the pivoting capacity in site may be between -10 ° and + 70 °.
  • Figure 1 shows in rear perspective a vehicle 1 equipped with a weapon system 2 according to the invention.
  • the vehicle is a light vehicle (mass less than 5 tonnes), here a 4 ⁇ 4HMMWV (registered trademark by American Motors) whose rear has been released to receive the weapon system.
  • the weapon system 2 comprises a barrel 3 equipped with a muzzle brake 4, barrel mounted on a cradle 5.
  • the structure of the barrel is the subject of the present invention.
  • the barrel conventionally comprises a breeching sleeve 3a and a hydraulic reversing brake 3b connecting the barrel to the cradle (see also FIG. 2c).
  • the cradle 5 is pivotally mounted at an axis 3c on a fork 6, which allows the pointing of the weapon in site.
  • the pivoting of the cradle relative to the fork is provided in a conventional manner by an electric motor (24) (see Figure 3c and 4).
  • the fork 6 is also mounted on a circular 7 (for example a circular ball) which is more particularly visible in Figures 3a and 3b and which allows a rotation of the fork 6 around a vertical axis to enable a pointing in the field of the weapon.
  • the rotation of the fork on the circular (bearing pointing) is provided by another electric motor 25 (see Figure 4).
  • the pointing motors 24 and 25 are supplied with energy from a not shown electrical generator.
  • the circular receiving the fork is integral with a base 8 which is fixed at a rear portion of the vehicle 1.
  • the base 8 is more particularly visible in Figures 3a and 3b. It comprises a substantially circular central portion on which is fixed the circular 7 and which is extended by three branches 9a, 9b and 9c regularly distributed angularly around the central portion.
  • a front branch 9c is fixed to the frame of the vehicle 1 by a flange 10 bolted or welded to the frame through the floor 1a.
  • This flange also carries an articulated hinge hook 11 which keeps the tube 3 relative to the vehicle 1 during the rolling steps.
  • the rear branches 9a and 9b are also attached to the chassis of the vehicle by means not visible in the figures (for example bolts).
  • the rear branches 9a and 9b carry arms 12a and 12b which are articulated on the branches by pins 13 (see Figures 1 and 4).
  • the arms can pivot relative to the branches with the help of hydraulic cylinders, not shown for the clarity of the figures but which will be mounted between a first tab 14a welded to the arm 12a or 12b and a second tab 14b welded to the branch 9a or 9b (see Figure 4).
  • a locking means 16 is provided on each arm to ensure the immobilization of the arms 12a and 12b in their deployed position.
  • This locking means is shown open in Figure 1. It comprises a claw 16a fixed to the end of each leg 9a, 9b, claw for cooperating with fingers 16b carried by each arm 12a, 12b.
  • the claw 16a is pivotally mounted relative to the branch 9a, 9b and is held in the engagement position on the fingers 16b by spring means (not shown).
  • Each arm 12a, 12b is extended by a spade 17 intended to anchor the arm in the ground and it also carries a stand 18 which is intended to bear on the ground, stand which is arranged between the spade 17 and the articulation 13 of the arm 12a, 12b considered on its branch 9a, 9b.
  • Each stand 18 is rigidly connected to the arm 12a, 12b considered. It may for example be fixed by welding the arm.
  • the arms 12a, 12b and the branches 9a, 9b of the base and the legs 18 are made of welded sheet metal.
  • Each leg 18 carries a plate 19 at its end intended to bear against the ground.
  • This plate is intended to provide a sufficient support surface with the ground, which guarantees the stability of the weapon system, even on soft ground.
  • the plate 19 is connected to the stand by a joint which gives it at least three degrees of freedom in rotation with respect to the stand (hinge-type ball joint), in order to ensure support despite irregularities of the ground.
  • a joint which gives it at least three degrees of freedom in rotation with respect to the stand (hinge-type ball joint), in order to ensure support despite irregularities of the ground.
  • ball joint is well known to those skilled in the art and is commercially available. It is not necessary to describe it in detail.
  • the stand 18 When the arms 12a and 12b are in the unfolded position ( Figure 2a) and the vehicle is on a horizontal ground, the stand 18 is substantially vertical and the spade 17 is at a distance of the ground D between 0 mm and 200 mm .
  • the weapon system For the weapon system to be able to fire, it is necessary for the spades 17 to be engaged in the ground. Indeed, in this case the weapon system is in contact with the ground at a support polygon having sufficient dimensions and prohibiting in particular an excessive recovery of the vehicle 1 to the rear under the effect of the decline of the cannon 3.
  • the vehicle 1 After unfolding the arms 12a, 12b towards the rear of the vehicle until the crutches 18 are supported on the ground, the vehicle 1 is moved backwards with its own motorization.
  • each stand 18 being rigid relative to the arm 12a, 12b considered, the recoil of the vehicle causes a pivoting of the arms 12a, 12b on the ends of the stands 18 thanks to the plates 19.
  • the spades 17 then engage in the ground and the rear axle 21 of the vehicle 1 lifts slightly from the ground.
  • this pivoting of the arms has the effect of ensuring the locking of the locks 16 which ensure the rigidity of the set of arms 12a, 12b and branches 9a, 9b integral with the base 8.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b make it possible to better understand the implementation of the invention.
  • the point H is the connection between a stand 18 and an arm 12a, 12b.
  • the point O is the articulation 13 of the arm 12a, 12b considered on its branch 9a, 9b.
  • Point A is the end of the spade 17 which engages in the ground.
  • the point B represents the ball joint connecting the end of the stand 18 and the plate 19 in contact with the ground.
  • Figure 5a shows one of the arms 12a, 12b when it has just been unfolded, the stand 18 resting on the ground.
  • the vehicle 1 is moved backwards (movement in the direction R).
  • the device then takes the configuration of FIG. 5b.
  • the arm 12a, 12b and its stand 18 forming a rigid system, the only freedom of the device is in fact a pivoting of an angle ⁇ around the ball joint B, which causes an uplift of the rear axle 21 (light lifting which is amplified in the figure for the sake of clarity).
  • the end A (the spade 17) engages in the ground and the arm then forms with the horizontal an angle ⁇ .
  • an arm length OA will be chosen which ensures (for a given mass of vehicle 1) a sufficient lever arm behind the vehicle to prevent it from turning over during firing.
  • the muzzle brake an asymmetrical shape (for example at its gills 23), which shape will ensure the appearance of a force that rotates the weapon system in the desired direction.
  • asymmetrical shape for example at its gills 23
  • a low value for the angle ⁇ makes it possible to reduce the amplitude of the rear pivoting. This amplitude is also reduced by choosing a distance D between the spade 17 and the relatively low ground when the arm has just been unfolded.
  • a distance D between the spade 17 and the relatively low ground when the arm has just been unfolded.
  • an angle ⁇ of between 10 ° and 30 ° will preferably be chosen and a distance D between the spade and the ground (horizontal) which will be between 0 mm will be adopted. and 200 mm.
  • the total length of the arm is between 1 and 2 m.
  • the amplitude of the lifting of the axle 21 also depends on the distance OH between the articulation 13 and the stand 18.
  • an OH distance of between 5% and 20% of the total length of the stand is chosen.
  • the implementation of the device according to the invention is also fast, the vehicle 1 itself being used to ensure anchoring to the ground.
  • the arms 12a, 12b are then folded towards the front of the vehicle by means of their hydraulic cylinders.
  • the deployment of the weapon system is done in a time less than 30 seconds.
  • the time required for the withdrawal of the weapon system is of the same order.
  • the pivoting in the site and in the bearing is ensured by the electric motors 24 and 25.
  • the amplitude of the pivoting in the bearing is of the order of 100 °, the amplitude of pivoting in the site is between -10 ° and + 70 ° relative to a horizontal plane passing through the pins 3c.
  • Electronic means to ensure the conduct of shooting.
  • These means are conventional and they include: a fire calculator incorporating ballistics data, a satellite positioning system (GPS) supplemented by an inertial unit and means of communication with a command post.
  • GPS satellite positioning system
  • These means are coupled to the electric motors and they ensure a fast pointing of the gun so as to ensure the desired fire by the command post.
  • the vehicle may carry a supply of ammunition which will be put in place in a locker 23 (see Figure 3c and 4, the locker is not shown in the other figures).
  • a trailer may also be provided to carry other ammunition.

Abstract

The system has a carriage which is integrated with a mounting base (8) that is fixed at the level of a rear part of a vehicle. Arms are articulated on the base and have diggers (17) at their respective ends. Each arm is locked in unfolded position and comprises a supporting leg (18) having a plate (19). The leg is supported on the ground between the diggers and the base. An independent claim is also included for a method for setting up a weapon system.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des systèmes d'armes et notamment des systèmes d'armes montés sur véhicule.The technical field of the invention is that of weapon systems and in particular weapon systems mounted on a vehicle.

Il est bien connu d'associer un système d'arme avec un véhicule. Cependant on met en oeuvre généralement des véhicules spécifiques qui ont été définis pour pouvoir supporter le système d'arme considéré et qui peuvent notamment résister aux efforts de tir.It is well known to associate a weapon system with a vehicle. However, it is generally implemented specific vehicles that have been defined to be able to support the weapon system in question and which can in particular withstand firing efforts.

On connaît ainsi des véhicules blindés, lourds ou légers, à roues ou chenillés, et qui sont dotés d'une tourelle portant un canon dont le calibre peut être compris entre 75 mm et 155 mm.Armored vehicles, heavy or light, wheeled or tracked, and which have a turret carrying a gun whose caliber can be between 75 mm and 155 mm, are thus known.

On connaît également des systèmes d'artillerie de campagne de 155 mm montés sur des camions renforcés et qui peuvent tirer à partir de celui-ci grâce à la mise en oeuvre de stabilisateurs ou bêches arrières permettant la reprise des efforts de tir. Ces artilleries présentent l'avantage d'être très mobiles mais le véhicule utilisé est modifié et renforcé pour permettre le tir de l'arme.Also known are 155 mm field artillery systems mounted on reinforced trucks that can fire from it through the implementation of stabilizers or rear spades to resume the shooting efforts. These artillery have the advantage of being very mobile but the vehicle used is modified and reinforced to allow the shooting of the weapon.

Les systèmes connus sont également relativement lourds (au moins 18 tonnes), et leur encombrement limite les possibilités de transport aérien sur les théâtres d'opérations.The known systems are also relatively heavy (at least 18 tons), and their size limits the possibilities of air transport in theaters of operation.

Pour donner aux forces armées une mobilité et une puissance de feu accrue, il serait intéressant d'équiper avec une artillerie des véhicules légers (masse inférieure à 5 tonnes) et très mobiles. Cependant de tels véhicules ne peuvent aujourd'hui résister aux contraintes engendrées par le tir d'une artillerie.To give the armed forces mobility and increased firepower, it would be interesting to equip with artillery light vehicles (mass less than 5 tons) and very mobile. However, such vehicles can not today withstand the constraints caused by firing an artillery.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un système d'arme pouvant équiper un véhicule léger (masse inférieure à 5 tonnes) tout en réduisant à un niveau acceptable les contraintes subies par le véhicule. Le système d'arme selon l'invention peut également être mis en oeuvre très rapidement et il permet d'accroître la puissance de feu et la mobilité des forces terrestres.It is the object of the invention to provide a weapon system that can equip a light vehicle (mass less than 5 tons) while reducing the constraints on the vehicle to an acceptable level. The weapon system according to the invention can also be implemented very quickly and it can increase the firepower and mobility of land forces.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un système d'arme comportant un canon monté sur un berceau solidaire d'un véhicule, système d'arme caractérisé en ce que le berceau est solidaire d'une embase fixée au niveau d'une partie arrière du véhicule, embase sur laquelle sont articulés au moins deux bras portant chacun une bêche à leur extrémité, chaque bras étant verrouillable en position dépliée et comportant également une béquille destinée à venir en appui sur le sol entre la bêche et l'embase.Thus the invention relates to a weapon system comprising a barrel mounted on a cradle integral with a vehicle, weapon system characterized in that the cradle is integral with a base fixed at a rear portion of the vehicle, base on which are articulated at least two arms each carrying a spade at their end, each arm being lockable in unfolded position and also comprising a stand intended to bear on the ground between the spade and the base.

D'une façon préférée chaque béquille porte un plateau au niveau de son extrémité venant en appui sur le sol, plateau lié à la béquille par une articulation.In a preferred manner each crutch carries a plate at its end bearing on the ground, plate linked to the stand by a hinge.

Avantageusement, lorsque le bras se trouve en position dépliée et que le véhicule est sur un sol horizontal, la béquille est sensiblement verticale et l'extrémité de la bêche se trouve à une distance du sol comprise entre 0mm et 200 mm.Advantageously, when the arm is in the unfolded position and the vehicle is on a horizontal ground, the stand is substantially vertical and the end of the spade is at a distance of between 0mm and 200 mm from the ground.

La distance entre la béquille et l'articulation du bras sur l'embase sera de préférence comprise entre 5% et 20 % de la longueur totale de la béquille.The distance between the stand and the articulation of the arm on the base will preferably be between 5% and 20% of the total length of the stand.

L'embase pourra comporter au moins deux branches sur lesquelles sont articulés les bras, des moyens de verrouillage étant prévus entre chaque branche et le bras articulé qu'elle porte.The base may comprise at least two branches on which the arms are articulated, locking means being provided between each branch and the articulated arm that it carries.

Le moyen de verrouillage sera avantageusement en position de verrouillage lorsque le bras sera incliné par rapport à l'horizontale d'un angle compris entre 10° et 30°.The locking means will advantageously be in the locking position when the arm is inclined relative to the horizontal by an angle of between 10 ° and 30 °.

L'embase pourra porter une circulaire sur laquelle sera fixée une fourche portant le berceau.The base will be able to carry a circular on which will be fixed a fork carrying the cradle.

Le berceau du canon pourra être pivoté en site et en gisement par rapport à l'embase par des moyens moteurs.The cradle of the barrel may be rotated in site and in relation to the base by the drive means.

Le pivotement des bras pourra être commandé par des vérins hydrauliques alimentés par un générateur solidaire du véhicule.The pivoting of the arms may be controlled by hydraulic cylinders powered by a generator integral with the vehicle.

Le canon pourra avoir un calibre compris entre 75mm et 155mm et la capacité de pivotement en gisement du berceau pourra être supérieure à 100°.The barrel may have a caliber of between 75mm and 155mm and the pivoting capacity in the bed of the cradle may be greater than 100 °.

La capacité de pivotement en site pourra être comprise entre -10° et +70°.The pivoting capacity in site may be between -10 ° and + 70 °.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un tel système d'arme, procédé caractérisé en ce que pour mettre le système d'arme en batterie on réalise successivement les étapes suivantes :

  • on déplie les bras vers l'arrière du véhicule jusqu'à appui des béquilles sur le sol,
  • on fait reculer le véhicule de façon à provoquer le pivotement des bras sur les extrémités des béquilles et l'engagement des bêches dans le sol.
The subject of the invention is also a method of implementing such a weapon system, characterized in that to put the weapon system into battery, the following steps are successively carried out:
  • the arms are unfolded towards the rear of the vehicle until the crutches rest on the ground,
  • the vehicle is pulled back so as to cause the arms to pivot on the ends of the crutches and the spades to engage in the ground.

Pour sortir de batterie le système d'arme on réalise ensuite successivement les étapes suivantes :

  • on déverrouille les bras,
  • on fait avancer le véhicule pour dégager les bêches du sol,
  • on replie les bras vers l'avant du véhicule.
To release the battery system from the battery, the following steps are successively carried out:
  • we unlock our arms,
  • the vehicle is moved forward to clear the spades from the ground,
  • fold the arms towards the front of the vehicle.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 montre en vue perspective arrière un véhicule équipé d'un système d'arme selon l'invention, le système d'arme étant dans sa position de transport,
  • les figures 2a, 2b et 2c montrent trois étapes successive du déploiement et de la mise en oeuvre du système d'arme selon l'invention,
  • les figures 3a, 3b et 3c montrent partiellement et suivant trois autres angles de vue le système d'arme déployé,
  • la figure 4 est une vue partielle et de détail montrant l'articulation du bras et son moyen de verrouillage,
  • les figures 5a et 5b sont des schémas explicatif de la cinématique des bras.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, a description given with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 shows a rear perspective view of a vehicle equipped with a weapon system according to the invention, the weapon system being in its transport position,
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c show three successive stages of the deployment and implementation of the weapon system according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c show partially and according to three other angles of view the deployed weapon system,
  • FIG. 4 is a partial and detailed view showing the articulation of the arm and its locking means,
  • Figures 5a and 5b are diagrams explaining the kinematics of the arms.

La figure 1 montre en perspective arrière un véhicule 1 équipé d'un système d'arme 2 selon l'invention.Figure 1 shows in rear perspective a vehicle 1 equipped with a weapon system 2 according to the invention.

Le véhicule est un véhicule léger (masse inférieure à 5 tonnes), ici un 4×4HMMWV (marque déposée par American Motors) dont l'arrière a été libéré pour recevoir le système d'arme.The vehicle is a light vehicle (mass less than 5 tonnes), here a 4 × 4HMMWV (registered trademark by American Motors) whose rear has been released to receive the weapon system.

Le système d'arme 2 comporte un canon 3 équipé d'un frein de bouche 4, canon monté sur un berceau 5.The weapon system 2 comprises a barrel 3 equipped with a muzzle brake 4, barrel mounted on a cradle 5.

La structure du canon ne fait l'objet de la présente invention. Le canon comprend d'une façon classique un manchon de culasse 3a et un frein de recul hydraulique 3b reliant le canon au berceau (voir aussi la figure 2c).The structure of the barrel is the subject of the present invention. The barrel conventionally comprises a breeching sleeve 3a and a hydraulic reversing brake 3b connecting the barrel to the cradle (see also FIG. 2c).

Le berceau 5 est monté pivotant au niveau d'un axe 3c sur une fourche 6, ce qui permet le pointage de l'arme en site. Le pivotement du berceau par rapport à la fourche est assuré d'une façon classique par un moteur électrique (24) (voir figure 3c et 4).The cradle 5 is pivotally mounted at an axis 3c on a fork 6, which allows the pointing of the weapon in site. The pivoting of the cradle relative to the fork is provided in a conventional manner by an electric motor (24) (see Figure 3c and 4).

La fourche 6 est par ailleurs montée sur une circulaire 7 (par exemple une circulaire à billes) qui est plus particulièrement visible aux figures 3a et 3b et qui permet une rotation de la fourche 6 autour d'un axe vertical pour permettre un pointage en gisement de l'arme. La rotation de la fourche sur la circulaire (pointage en gisement) est assurée par un autre moteur électrique 25 (voir figure 4).The fork 6 is also mounted on a circular 7 (for example a circular ball) which is more particularly visible in Figures 3a and 3b and which allows a rotation of the fork 6 around a vertical axis to enable a pointing in the field of the weapon. The rotation of the fork on the circular (bearing pointing) is provided by another electric motor 25 (see Figure 4).

Les moteurs de pointage 24 et 25 sont alimentés en énergie à partir d'un générateur électrique non représenté. On pourrait aussi mettre en oeuvre un générateur hydraulique associé à des moteurs ou vérins hydrauliques.The pointing motors 24 and 25 are supplied with energy from a not shown electrical generator. One could also implement a hydraulic generator associated with hydraulic motors or cylinders.

La circulaire recevant la fourche est solidaire d'une embase 8 qui est fixée au niveau d'une partie arrière du véhicule 1.The circular receiving the fork is integral with a base 8 which is fixed at a rear portion of the vehicle 1.

L'embase 8 est plus particulièrement visible aux figures 3a et 3b. Elle comporte une partie centrale sensiblement circulaire sur laquelle est fixée la circulaire 7 et qui est prolongée par trois branches 9a, 9b et 9c régulièrement réparties angulairement autour de la partie centrale.The base 8 is more particularly visible in Figures 3a and 3b. It comprises a substantially circular central portion on which is fixed the circular 7 and which is extended by three branches 9a, 9b and 9c regularly distributed angularly around the central portion.

Une branche avant 9c est fixée au châssis du véhicule 1 par une bride 10 boulonnée ou soudée au châssis au travers du plancher 1a. Cette bride porte par ailleurs un crochet de brelage articulé 11 qui permet de maintenir le tube 3 par rapport au véhicule 1 lors des étapes de roulage.A front branch 9c is fixed to the frame of the vehicle 1 by a flange 10 bolted or welded to the frame through the floor 1a. This flange also carries an articulated hinge hook 11 which keeps the tube 3 relative to the vehicle 1 during the rolling steps.

Les branches arrière 9a et 9b sont également fixées au châssis du véhicule par des moyens non visibles sur les figures (par exemple des boulons).The rear branches 9a and 9b are also attached to the chassis of the vehicle by means not visible in the figures (for example bolts).

Les branches arrières 9a et 9b portent des bras 12a et 12b qui sont articulés sur les branches par des axes 13 (voir figures 1 et 4). Les bras peuvent pivoter par rapport aux branches avec l'aide de vérins hydrauliques, non représentés pour la clarté des figures mais qui seront montés entre une première patte 14a soudée au bras 12a ou 12b et une deuxième patte 14b soudée à la branche 9a ou 9b (voir la figure 4).The rear branches 9a and 9b carry arms 12a and 12b which are articulated on the branches by pins 13 (see Figures 1 and 4). The arms can pivot relative to the branches with the help of hydraulic cylinders, not shown for the clarity of the figures but which will be mounted between a first tab 14a welded to the arm 12a or 12b and a second tab 14b welded to the branch 9a or 9b (see Figure 4).

Ces vérins seront alimentés en fluide sous pression par un générateur hydraulique 15 fixé au plancher 1a (voir figures 3c et 4).These cylinders will be supplied with fluid under pressure by a hydraulic generator 15 fixed to the floor 1a (see Figures 3c and 4).

Un moyen de verrouillage 16 est prévu sur chaque bras pour permettre d'assurer l'immobilisation des bras 12a et 12b dans leur position déployée. Ce moyen de verrouillage est représenté ouvert sur la figure 1. Il comporte une griffe 16a fixée à l'extrémité de chaque branche 9a, 9b, griffe destinée à coopérer avec des doigts 16b portés par chaque bras 12a, 12b. La griffe 16a est montée basculante par rapport à la branche 9a, 9b considérée et elle est maintenue en position d'engagement sur les doigts 16b par des moyens ressorts (non représentés).A locking means 16 is provided on each arm to ensure the immobilization of the arms 12a and 12b in their deployed position. This locking means is shown open in Figure 1. It comprises a claw 16a fixed to the end of each leg 9a, 9b, claw for cooperating with fingers 16b carried by each arm 12a, 12b. The claw 16a is pivotally mounted relative to the branch 9a, 9b and is held in the engagement position on the fingers 16b by spring means (not shown).

Chaque bras 12a, 12b est prolongé par une bêche 17 destinée à assurer un ancrage du bras dans le sol et il porte également une béquille 18 qui est destinée à venir en appui sur le sol, béquille qui est disposée entre la bêche 17 et l'articulation 13 du bras 12a,12b considéré sur sa branche 9a, 9b.Each arm 12a, 12b is extended by a spade 17 intended to anchor the arm in the ground and it also carries a stand 18 which is intended to bear on the ground, stand which is arranged between the spade 17 and the articulation 13 of the arm 12a, 12b considered on its branch 9a, 9b.

Chaque béquille 18 est reliée rigidement au bras 12a, 12b considéré. Elle pourra par exemple être fixée par soudure au bras. Les bras 12a,12b et les branches 9a, 9b de l'embase ainsi que les béquilles 18 sont réalisées en tôles mécano soudées.Each stand 18 is rigidly connected to the arm 12a, 12b considered. It may for example be fixed by welding the arm. The arms 12a, 12b and the branches 9a, 9b of the base and the legs 18 are made of welded sheet metal.

Chaque béquille 18 porte un plateau 19 au niveau de son extrémité destinée à venir en appui sur le sol. Ce plateau est destiné à fournir une surface d'appui suffisante avec le sol, ce qui garantit la stabilité du système d'arme, même sur sol meuble.Each leg 18 carries a plate 19 at its end intended to bear against the ground. This plate is intended to provide a sufficient support surface with the ground, which guarantees the stability of the weapon system, even on soft ground.

Le plateau 19 est lié à la béquille par une articulation qui lui donne au moins trois degrés de liberté en rotation par rapport à la béquille (articulation de type rotule), cela afin de permettre d'assurer l'appui malgré les irrégularités du sol. Une telle articulation à rotule est bien connue de l'Homme du Métier et elle est disponible dans le commerce. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire de la décrire dans les détails.The plate 19 is connected to the stand by a joint which gives it at least three degrees of freedom in rotation with respect to the stand (hinge-type ball joint), in order to ensure support despite irregularities of the ground. Such a ball joint is well known to those skilled in the art and is commercially available. It is not necessary to describe it in detail.

Lorsque les bras 12a et 12b se trouvent dans leur position repliée (figure 1), leurs faces supérieures viennent en butée sur une zone plane 20 de la branche correspondante 9a,9b (voir figure 4).When the arms 12a and 12b are in their folded position (Figure 1), their upper faces abut on a flat area 20 of the corresponding branch 9a, 9b (see Figure 4).

Lorsque les bras 12a et 12b se trouvent en position dépliée (figure 2a) et que le véhicule est sur un sol horizontal, la béquille 18 est sensiblement verticale et la bêche 17 se trouve à une distance du sol D comprise entre 0 mm et 200 mm.When the arms 12a and 12b are in the unfolded position (Figure 2a) and the vehicle is on a horizontal ground, the stand 18 is substantially vertical and the spade 17 is at a distance of the ground D between 0 mm and 200 mm .

On remarque dans ce cas que le verrou 16 n'est pas encore verrouillé.Note in this case that the lock 16 is not yet locked.

Pour que le système d'arme puisse tirer, il est nécessaire que les bêches 17 soient engagées dans le sol. En effet dans ce cas le système d'arme se trouve en contact avec le sol au niveau d'un polygone d'appui ayant des dimensions suffisantes et interdisant notamment un relèvement excessif du véhicule 1 vers l'arrière sous l'effet du recul du canon 3.For the weapon system to be able to fire, it is necessary for the spades 17 to be engaged in the ground. Indeed, in this case the weapon system is in contact with the ground at a support polygon having sufficient dimensions and prohibiting in particular an excessive recovery of the vehicle 1 to the rear under the effect of the decline of the cannon 3.

Pour que les bêches puissent s'engager dans le sol, il suffit de procéder de la façon suivante.So that the spades can engage in the ground, just proceed as follows.

Après dépliage des bras 12a, 12b vers l'arrière du véhicule jusqu'à appui des béquilles 18 sur le sol, on fait reculer le véhicule 1 avec sa propre motorisation.After unfolding the arms 12a, 12b towards the rear of the vehicle until the crutches 18 are supported on the ground, the vehicle 1 is moved backwards with its own motorization.

Chaque béquille 18 étant rigide par rapport au bras 12a,12b considéré, le recul du véhicule provoque un pivotement des bras 12a, 12b sur les extrémités des béquilles 18 grâce aux plateaux 19.Each stand 18 being rigid relative to the arm 12a, 12b considered, the recoil of the vehicle causes a pivoting of the arms 12a, 12b on the ends of the stands 18 thanks to the plates 19.

Les bêches 17 s'engagent alors dans le sol et l'essieu arrière 21 du véhicule 1 se soulève légèrement du sol.The spades 17 then engage in the ground and the rear axle 21 of the vehicle 1 lifts slightly from the ground.

Dans le même temps ce pivotement des bras a pour effet d'assurer le verrouillage des verrous 16 qui assurent la rigidité de l'ensemble des bras 12a,12b et des branches 9a,9b solidaires de l'embase 8.At the same time this pivoting of the arms has the effect of ensuring the locking of the locks 16 which ensure the rigidity of the set of arms 12a, 12b and branches 9a, 9b integral with the base 8.

Les schémas des figures 5a et 5b permettent de mieux comprendre la mise en oeuvre de l'invention.The diagrams of FIGS. 5a and 5b make it possible to better understand the implementation of the invention.

Le point H figure la liaison entre une béquille 18 et un bras 12a, 12b. Le point O figure l'articulation 13 du bras 12a, 12b considéré sur sa branche 9a, 9b.The point H is the connection between a stand 18 and an arm 12a, 12b. The point O is the articulation 13 of the arm 12a, 12b considered on its branch 9a, 9b.

Le point A figure l'extrémité de la bêche 17 qui s'engage dans le sol.Point A is the end of the spade 17 which engages in the ground.

Le point B représente la rotule reliant l'extrémité de la béquille 18 et le plateau 19 en contact avec le sol.The point B represents the ball joint connecting the end of the stand 18 and the plate 19 in contact with the ground.

On a schématisé par un cercle une roue de l'essieu arrière 21 qui est bien entendu solidaire des branches 9a, 9b fixées au plancher du véhicule.Diagrammatically by a circle a wheel of the rear axle 21 which is of course integral with the branches 9a, 9b fixed to the floor of the vehicle.

La figure 5a montre un des bras 12a, 12b lorsqu'il vient d'être déplié, la béquille 18 venant en appui sur le sol.Figure 5a shows one of the arms 12a, 12b when it has just been unfolded, the stand 18 resting on the ground.

On recule le véhicule 1 (mouvement suivant la direction R). Le dispositif prend alors la configuration de la figure 5b. Le bras 12a, 12b et sa béquille 18 formant un système rigide, la seule liberté du dispositif est en effet un pivotement d'un angle α autour de la rotule B, ce qui provoque un soulèvement de l'essieu arrière 21 (soulèvement léger qui est amplifié sur la figure pour la clarté de l'exposé).The vehicle 1 is moved backwards (movement in the direction R). The device then takes the configuration of FIG. 5b. The arm 12a, 12b and its stand 18 forming a rigid system, the only freedom of the device is in fact a pivoting of an angle α around the ball joint B, which causes an uplift of the rear axle 21 (light lifting which is amplified in the figure for the sake of clarity).

L'extrémité A (la bêche 17) s'engage dans le sol et le bras forme alors avec l'horizontale un angle α.The end A (the spade 17) engages in the ground and the arm then forms with the horizontal an angle α.

L'essieu 21 n'étant plus en contact avec le sol, la plus grande partie des efforts de recul est supportée par les bras 12a,12b et leurs béquilles 18.As the axle 21 is no longer in contact with the ground, the majority of the recoil forces are supported by the arms 12a, 12b and their crutches 18.

L'Homme du Métier dimensionnera aisément les bras et béquilles en fonction des caractéristiques de l'arme et du véhicule.The skilled person will easily size the arms and crutches according to the characteristics of the weapon and the vehicle.

On choisira en particulier une longueur de bras OA qui assure (pour une masse de véhicule 1 donnée) un bras de levier suffisant en arrière du véhicule pour empêcher le retournement de celui-ci lors du tir. On pourra éventuellement, en fonction des caractéristiques de l'arme, compléter le dispositif selon l'invention par un moyen permettant aussi de réduire le relèvement du canon lors du tir.In particular, an arm length OA will be chosen which ensures (for a given mass of vehicle 1) a sufficient lever arm behind the vehicle to prevent it from turning over during firing. Depending on the characteristics of the weapon, it may be possible to supplement the device according to the invention by a means that also makes it possible to reduce the raising of the gun during firing.

On pourra par exemple prévoir au niveau du frein de bouche 4 des moyens permettant d'exercer lors du tir un couple provoquant un pivotement du système d'arme 2 autour du point A dans un sens permettant d'appliquer plus fortement la béquille 18 sur le sol. Ces moyens pourront être constitués tout simplement par un ou plusieurs perçages 22 (figure 1) disposés au niveau d'une surface supérieure du frein de bouche 4. Ces perçages permettront lors du tir une évacuation d'une partie des gaz propulsifs suivant une direction verticale et orientée vers le haut.It will be possible, for example, to provide at the level of the muzzle brake 4 means making it possible to exercise during the firing a torque causing a pivoting of the weapon system 2 around the point A in a direction to apply more strongly the stand 18 on the ground. These means may be constituted simply by one or more holes 22 (Figure 1) disposed at an upper surface of the muzzle brake 4. These holes will allow during the firing a discharge of a portion of the propellant gases in a vertical direction and facing up.

On pourra aussi donner au frein de bouche une forme dissymétrique (par exemple au niveau de ses ouïes 23) forme qui assurera l'apparition d'un effort faisant pivoter le système d'arme dans le sens souhaité. On pourra par exemple prévoir à l'intérieur du frein une surface sur laquelle s'exerce la pression des gaz qui est plus importante en dessous d'un plan médian du frein de bouche qu'au-dessus.It will also be possible to give the muzzle brake an asymmetrical shape (for example at its gills 23), which shape will ensure the appearance of a force that rotates the weapon system in the desired direction. For example, it is possible to provide inside the brake a surface on which the pressure of the gases is exerted, which is greater below a median plane of the muzzle brake than above.

De telles dispositions au niveau du frein de bouche ne font pas l'objet de la présente invention mais sont plus particulièrement décrites dans la demande de brevet FR-04.10903 du 14 octobre 2004 à laquelle on pourra se reporter.Such provisions at the level of the muzzle brake are not the subject of the present invention but are more particularly described in patent application FR-04.10903 of October 14, 2004 to which reference may be made.

Une valeur faible pour l'angle α permet de réduire l'amplitude du pivotement arrière. Cette amplitude se trouve également réduite en choisissant une distance D entre la bêche 17 et le sol relativement faible lorsque le bras vient d'être déplié. Pour un système d'arme ayant un calibre compris entre 90 mm et 105mm on choisira de préférence un angle α compris entre 10° et 30° et on adoptera une distance D entre la bêche et le sol (horizontal) qui sera comprise entre 0 mm et 200 mm. La longueur totale du bras est comprise entre 1 et 2 m.A low value for the angle α makes it possible to reduce the amplitude of the rear pivoting. This amplitude is also reduced by choosing a distance D between the spade 17 and the relatively low ground when the arm has just been unfolded. For a weapon system having a caliber of between 90 mm and 105 mm, an angle α of between 10 ° and 30 ° will preferably be chosen and a distance D between the spade and the ground (horizontal) which will be between 0 mm will be adopted. and 200 mm. The total length of the arm is between 1 and 2 m.

L'amplitude du soulèvement de l'essieu 21 dépend également de la distance OH entre l'articulation 13 et la béquille 18.The amplitude of the lifting of the axle 21 also depends on the distance OH between the articulation 13 and the stand 18.

On choisira par exemple une distance OH comprise entre 5% et 20 % de la longueur totale de la béquille.For example, an OH distance of between 5% and 20% of the total length of the stand is chosen.

On voit que grâce à invention il est possible d'assurer avec des moyens relativement simples et légers une liaison au sol d'un système d'arme autorisant le tir à partir d'un véhicule relativement léger.It can be seen that, thanks to invention, it is possible to provide, with relatively simple and light means, a connection to the ground of a weapon system authorizing firing from a relatively light vehicle.

La mise en oeuvre du dispositif selon l'invention est également rapide, le véhicule 1 étant lui-même utilisé pour assurer l'ancrage au sol.The implementation of the device according to the invention is also fast, the vehicle 1 itself being used to ensure anchoring to the ground.

Inversement, pour sortir de batterie le système d'arme selon invention, il est nécessaire tout d'abord de déverrouiller les bras (par une action manuelle sur la griffe 16a qui est dotée pour cela d'une poignée - voir figure 4).Conversely, to remove the battery weapon system according to the invention, it is first necessary to unlock the arms (by a manual action on the claw 16a which is provided with a handle - see Figure 4).

Il suffira ensuite de faire avancer le véhicule 1. Une telle opération assurera un pivotement inverse des bras 12 et permettra le dégagement des bêches hors du sol.It will then be sufficient to advance the vehicle 1. Such an operation will provide a reverse pivoting arms 12 and allow the release of the spades out of the ground.

On replie ensuite les bras 12a, 12b vers l'avant du véhicule à l'aide de leurs vérins hydrauliques.The arms 12a, 12b are then folded towards the front of the vehicle by means of their hydraulic cylinders.

Concrètement le déploiement du système d'arme se fait en un temps inférieur à 30 secondes. Le délai nécessaire pour le repli du système d'arme est du même ordre. Lorsque le système d'arme est en position de tir (figure 2c) il est bien entendu possible de commander son positionnement en site et en gisement à partir d'un pupitre de contrôle 22 (voir figure 4).Concretely the deployment of the weapon system is done in a time less than 30 seconds. The time required for the withdrawal of the weapon system is of the same order. When the weapon system is in the firing position (Figure 2c) it is of course possible to control its positioning in site and in the field from a control panel 22 (see Figure 4).

Les pivotements en site et en gisement sont assurés par les moteurs électriques 24 et 25. L'amplitude du pivotement en gisement est de l'ordre de 100°, l'amplitude de pivotement en site est comprise entre -10° et +70° par rapport à un plan horizontal passant par les tourillons 3c.The pivoting in the site and in the bearing is ensured by the electric motors 24 and 25. The amplitude of the pivoting in the bearing is of the order of 100 °, the amplitude of pivoting in the site is between -10 ° and + 70 ° relative to a horizontal plane passing through the pins 3c.

Des moyens électroniques (non représentés) permettent d'assurer la conduite du tir. Ces moyens sont classiques et ils comprennent : un calculateur de tir incorporant les données de balistiques, un système de localisation par satellite (GPS) complété par une centrale inertielle et des moyens de communication avec un poste de commandement. Ces moyens sont couplés aux moteurs électriques et ils permettent d'assurer un pointage rapide du canon de façon à assurer le tir souhaité par le poste de commandement.Electronic means (not shown) to ensure the conduct of shooting. These means are conventional and they include: a fire calculator incorporating ballistics data, a satellite positioning system (GPS) supplemented by an inertial unit and means of communication with a command post. These means are coupled to the electric motors and they ensure a fast pointing of the gun so as to ensure the desired fire by the command post.

Bien entendu le véhicule pourra porter une réserve de munitions qui seront mises en place dans un casier 23 (voir figure 3c et 4, le casier n'étant pas représenté sur les autres figures). On pourra également prévoir une remorque pour emporter d'autres munitions.Of course the vehicle may carry a supply of ammunition which will be put in place in a locker 23 (see Figure 3c and 4, the locker is not shown in the other figures). A trailer may also be provided to carry other ammunition.

Claims (13)

Système d'arme (2) comportant un canon (3) monté sur un berceau (5) solidaire d'un véhicule (1), système d'arme caractérisé en ce que le berceau (5) est solidaire d'une embase (8) fixée au niveau d'une partie arrière du véhicule (1), embase sur laquelle sont articulés au moins deux bras (12a, 12b) portant chacun une bêche (17) à leur extrémité, chaque bras étant verrouillable en position dépliée et comportant également une béquille (18) destinée à venir en appui sur le sol entre la bêche (17) et l'embase (8).Weapon system (2) comprising a barrel (3) mounted on a cradle (5) integral with a vehicle (1), a weapon system characterized in that the cradle (5) is integral with a base (8). ) fixed at a rear part of the vehicle (1), base on which are articulated at least two arms (12a, 12b) each carrying a spade (17) at their end, each arm being lockable in unfolded position and also comprising a stand (18) intended to rest on the ground between the spade (17) and the base (8). Système d'arme selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la béquille (18) porte un plateau (19) au niveau de son extrémité venant en appui sur le sol, plateau lié à la béquille (18) par une articulation.Weapon system according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand (18) carries a plate (19) at its end bearing on the ground, plate connected to the stand (18) by a hinge. Système d'arme selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque le bras (12a, 12b) se trouve en position dépliée et que le véhicule (1) est sur un sol horizontal, la béquille (18) est sensiblement verticale et l'extrémité de la bêche (17) se trouve à une distance du sol comprise entre 0mm et 200 mm.Weapon system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that when the arm (12a, 12b) is in the unfolded position and the vehicle (1) is on a horizontal ground, the stand (18) is substantially vertical and the end of the spade (17) is at a distance from the ground between 0mm and 200 mm. Système d'arme selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre la béquille (18) et l'articulation (13) du bras (12a, 12b) sur l'embase (8) est comprise entre 5% et 20 % de la longueur totale de la béquille.Weapon system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance between the stand (18) and the articulation (13) of the arm (12a, 12b) on the base (8) is between 5% and 20% of the total length of the stand. Système d'arme selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'embase (8) comporte au moins deux branches (9a, 9b) sur lesquelles sont articulés les bras (12a, 12b), des moyens de verrouillage (16) étant prévus entre chaque branche (9a, 9b) et le bras articulé (12a, 12b) qu'elle porte.Weapon system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base (8) has at least two legs (9a, 9b) on which the arms (12a, 12b) are articulated, locking means (16 ) being provided between each leg (9a, 9b) and the articulated arm (12a, 12b) which it carries. Système d'arme selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de verrouillage (16) est en position de verrouillage lorsque le bras (12a, 12b) est incliné par rapport à l'horizontale d'un angle (α) compris entre 10° et 30°.Weapon system according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking means (16) is in the locking position when the arm (12a, 12b) is inclined with respect to the horizontal of an angle (α) between 10 ° and 30 °. Système d'arme selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'embase (8) porte une circulaire (7) sur laquelle est fixée une fourche (6) portant le berceau (5) .Weapon system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base (8) carries a circular (7) on which is fixed a fork (6) carrying the cradle (5). Système d'arme selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le berceau (5) du canon peut être pivoté en site et en gisement par rapport à l'embase par des moyens moteurs (24, 25) .Weapon system according to claim 6, characterized in that the cradle (5) of the barrel can be rotated in elevation and location with respect to the base by drive means (24, 25). Système d'arme selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le pivotement des bras (12a, 12b) est commandé par des vérins hydrauliques alimentés par un générateur (15) solidaire du véhicule (1).Weapon system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pivoting of the arms (12a, 12b) is controlled by hydraulic cylinders fed by a generator (15) integral with the vehicle (1). Système d'arme selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le canon (3) a un calibre compris entre 75mm et 155mm et en ce que la capacité de pivotement en gisement du berceau (5) est supérieure à 100°.Weapon system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the barrel (3) has a size between 75mm and 155mm and in that the bearing capacity in the bed of the cradle (5) is greater than 100 °. Système d'arme selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la capacité de pivotement en site est comprise entre -10° et +70°.Weapon system according to claim 9, characterized in that the site pivoting capacity is between -10 ° and + 70 °. Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un système d'arme (2) selon une des revendications précédentes, procédé caractérisé en ce que pour mettre le système d'arme en batterie on réalise successivement les étapes suivantes : - on déplie les bras (12a, 12b) vers l'arrière du véhicule jusqu'à appui des béquilles (18) sur le sol, - on fait reculer le véhicule (1) de façon à provoquer le pivotement des bras (12a, 12b) sur les extrémités des béquilles (18) et l'engagement des bêches (17) dans le sol. A method of implementing a weapon system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that to put the weapon system in battery is successively carried out the following steps: the arms (12a, 12b) are unfolded toward the rear of the vehicle until the crutches (18) rest on the ground, - The vehicle (1) is moved back so as to cause the arms (12a, 12b) to pivot on the ends of the crutches (18) and the engagement of the spades (17) in the ground. Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un système d'arme selon la revendication 12, procédé caractérisé en ce que pour sortir de batterie le système d'arme (2) on réalise successivement les étapes suivantes : - on déverrouille les bras (12a, 12b), - on fait avancer le véhicule (1) pour dégager les bêches (17) du sol, - on replie les bras (12a, 12b) vers l'avant du véhicule (1). A method of implementing a weapon system according to claim 12, characterized in that for removing the battery system from the battery (2) the following steps are successively carried out: - the arms (12a, 12b) are unlocked, the vehicle (1) is advanced to release the spades (17) from the ground, - Folding the arms (12a, 12b) to the front of the vehicle (1).
EP05292595A 2004-12-28 2005-12-07 Weapon system carried on a light vehicle and process to set up such a weapon system. Active EP1676762B1 (en)

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FR0413966A FR2880108B1 (en) 2004-12-28 2004-12-28 ARM SYSTEM COMPRISING A LIGHT VEHICLE AND METHOD OF IMPLEMENTING SUCH AN ARMS SYSTEM

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ATE450771T1 (en) 2009-12-15
US20080053301A1 (en) 2008-03-06
FR2880108A1 (en) 2006-06-30
EP1676762B1 (en) 2009-12-02
CA2530138C (en) 2013-07-09
DE602005018010D1 (en) 2010-01-14
CA2530138A1 (en) 2006-06-28
US7357063B2 (en) 2008-04-15
FR2880108B1 (en) 2007-03-23
SI1676762T1 (en) 2010-03-31

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