EP1668436B1 - Manually operated electric control device - Google Patents

Manually operated electric control device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1668436B1
EP1668436B1 EP04786882A EP04786882A EP1668436B1 EP 1668436 B1 EP1668436 B1 EP 1668436B1 EP 04786882 A EP04786882 A EP 04786882A EP 04786882 A EP04786882 A EP 04786882A EP 1668436 B1 EP1668436 B1 EP 1668436B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
control lever
control device
cylinder
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04786882A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1668436B8 (en
EP1668436A2 (en
Inventor
Werner Steprath
Judith Dreyling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Rexroth AG
Original Assignee
Bosch Rexroth AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004004041A external-priority patent/DE102004004041A1/en
Application filed by Bosch Rexroth AG filed Critical Bosch Rexroth AG
Publication of EP1668436A2 publication Critical patent/EP1668436A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1668436B1 publication Critical patent/EP1668436B1/en
Publication of EP1668436B8 publication Critical patent/EP1668436B8/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/04703—Mounting of controlling member
    • G05G2009/04707—Mounting of controlling member with ball joint
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/0474—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks characterised by means converting mechanical movement into electric signals
    • G05G2009/04755—Magnetic sensor, e.g. hall generator, pick-up coil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20576—Elements
    • Y10T74/20582—Levers
    • Y10T74/20612—Hand

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-operated electrical control device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such electrical control devices - also called joysticks - are used for the proportional adjustment of hydraulic valves or hydraulic consumers, for example in mobile machines.
  • a control device in which a control lever is mounted by means of a ball joint to a housing.
  • This ball device allows practically an all-round pivoting of the control lever, wherein the control unit is designed so that two main pivot levels, for example, to adjust the speed and direction of travel of a hydraulic suspension drive are provided. When cornering can then adjust this control lever in intermediate positions between the two main pivot levels.
  • the pivotal movement of the control lever is detected by a sensor, for example, a fixed in the pivot lever permanent magnets and stationary housing attach magnetic field sensors.
  • a pin mounted in the housing is provided in the known control device, which dips into a Tangentialnut of the control lever.
  • a control device in which the control lever is mounted via a universal joint with two 90 ° to each other employed pivot axes.
  • Such universal joints - also called universal joints - also allow an all-round pivoting of the control lever.
  • the universal joint is formed by three nested rings, wherein an inner gimbal is connected to the control lever and mounted with two diametrically projecting pin in receptacles of an intermediate ring. This has at right angles to the two receptacles for êtkardanring two more shots in which an outer gimbal is mounted with two diametrically opposed to its inner surfaces bearing journals. The rotation of this control lever is done by suitable attachment of the lever on the inner gimbal.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a hand-operated electrical control unit, which allows pivoting with sufficient resistance to rotation about a longitudinal axis of a control lever of the control unit with a simple structure.
  • the control unit has a universal joint-like pivot joint with two mutually engaged pivot axes, wherein a first pivot axis is formed by two bearing pins which are fastened directly or indirectly to the control lever or are immersed in it. These are each mounted or fastened in a bearing section, which in turn is guided with its outer surfaces in a bearing shell, so that the second pivot axis of the universal joint-like pivot joint is defined by the bearing shells and the outer surfaces of the bearing sections. Due to the flat contact of the bearing sections on the bearing shells enclosing them, a high quality impression is subjectively imparted. Furthermore, in such a construction, a rotation of the control lever about its longitudinal axis reliably prevented.
  • the solution according to the invention is further characterized by an extremely compact design, wherein the production and assembly can be carried out with little effort.
  • the production costs can be further reduced if the bearing sections and the bearing shells are provided with cylindrical sliding surfaces, ie the bearing sections are formed by cylinder sections and the bearing shells by a cylinder shell.
  • the bearing sections and the bearing shells are provided with cylindrical sliding surfaces, ie the bearing sections are formed by cylinder sections and the bearing shells by a cylinder shell.
  • the production and installation of the cylinder shell is particularly simple if it is made of two shell bodies, which are connected to each other via a web. Such a device can be produced in a simple manner by injection molding of plastic.
  • the bearing pins forming the first pivot axis are either slidably received in the control lever or in the bearing section and correspondingly fixed in the respective other component with interference fit or by gluing, etc.
  • cylindrical shells cover the two cylinder sections as far as possible in the pivoting direction, wherein the axial length of the cylinder sections and the cylinder shells is chosen the same, so that they can be set together in a receptacle of the housing.
  • control lever is extended at the foot end to a receptacle for the sensors, for example for a permanent ring magnet.
  • the preparation is particularly simple if this foot-side end portion of the control lever is cuboid-shaped, wherein the bearing journal mentioned above protrude from two opposite square end faces, which serve as sliding surfaces for the flat bearing surfaces of the cylinder sections.
  • the components of the pivot joint are preferably made of non-magnetizable material.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a part of a hand-operated electric control unit 1 of a mobile implement shown.
  • this control unit 1 can be, for example, the driving speed and the direction of travel of a chassis drive, the speed and the direction of movement of a boom, etc. control.
  • the only partially illustrated control unit 1 has a control lever 2, which is mounted in a housing upper part 4 by means of a universal joint-like pivot joint 6.
  • This pivot joint 6 has two lying in a plane, at 90 ° to each other employed pivot axes, of which a first pivot axis 8 is within the plane and a second pivot axis 10 perpendicular to the plane (see also FIG. 3 ) runs.
  • This pivot joint 6 is designed so that the pivot lever 2 is pivotable on all sides, but it has two main pivot planes through the two axes 8, 10 are determined. That is, a main pivot plane is in the plane of the drawing and is determined by the pivot axis 10, while the other main pivot plane is perpendicular to the plane and is defined by the pivot axis 8.
  • the control lever 2 has a cylindrical base body 12, which is extended to the pivot joint 6 toward an approximately cuboid foot 14. In this there is a receiving space 16 in which an annular permanent magnet can be used.
  • an annular permanent magnet can be used.
  • FIG. 2 As the detailed representation according to FIG. 2 is, which are perpendicular to the drawing plane in FIG. 1 extending side walls 18, 20 respectively provided with openings 22 and 24, in each of which a bearing pin 26, 28 is inserted.
  • the bearing pins 26, 28 are arranged coaxially to the pivot axis 8. In the described embodiment, it is assumed that the bearing pins 26, 28 are each inserted with a press fit into the opening 22, 24.
  • the outer surfaces 46, 48 are designed as coaxial with the pivot axis 10 arranged cylindrical surfaces and are located on correspondingly shaped cylinder inner surfaces 50, 52 of two shell body 54, 56 at. These are by means of an in FIG. 2 underlying web 58 connected to each other, so that a one-piece cylinder shell is formed.
  • This cylinder shell is from below ( Fig.1 ) is inserted into a housing receptacle 60 of the upper housing part 4 and is fixed in position in the direction of the control lever axis and transversely thereto.
  • This housing receptacle 60 has approximately the dimensions that would have to be provided for receiving a conventional ball joint, as for example in the DE 199 60 757 A1 is described. That is, the pivot joint 6 is made extremely compact.
  • the cylinder sections 34, 36 and the associated shell body 54, 56 have the same axial length (relative to the second pivot axis 10) and are on the housing receptacle 60 frontally limiting support surfaces 62, 64 (see FIG. 3 ) supported in the axial direction.
  • the web 58 is provided with an opening 66 through which electrical signal lines of the control unit can be passed.
  • the control lever 2 has an axial bore 68 through which these leads are guided from below to a handle (not shown) of the control lever 2, are arranged on the electrical switch or the like for the actuation of consumers.
  • the magnetic field sensors assigned to the permanent magnets arranged in the receiving space 16 are received in an annular groove 70 or in a plurality of bores distributed around the circumference, which are likewise wired from below.
  • the particular advantage of the universal joint-like pivot joint 6 according to FIG. 2 is that the successive sliding surfaces (cylinder inner surfaces 50, 52 / outer surfaces 46, 48 and bearing surfaces 38, 40 / end faces 42, 44) are designed over a large area, so that a very precise guidance is ensured, which gives a good sense of quality subjectively.
  • the wear of these bearing surfaces is negligible, so that the control signal of the operator can be implemented almost error-free in control signals for the hydraulic consumer even after a long period of use.
  • the upper housing part 4 is provided with an approximately cross-shaped, upwardly rising gate guide 72, along which a spring-biased return element (not shown) is guided. By this return element, the control lever 2 is automatically moved back to its neutral position when released.
  • a spring-biased return element (not shown) is guided.
  • the said neutral position is in FIG. 1 shown.
  • the control lever 2 for example, for steering a mobile implement from the neutral position about the second pivot axis 10 is pivoted to the right.
  • the two cylinder sections 34, 36 slide with their outer surfaces 46, 48 on the cylinder inner surfaces 50, 52 from.
  • the height (view after FIG. 4 ) of the shell body 54, 56 is chosen so that in the maximum pivot position ( FIG. 4 ) the cylinder sections 34, 36 are guided completely or at least along a major part of their outer surface 46, 48.
  • the components of the pivot joint 6 and the control lever 2 are preferably made of non-magnetizable material to avoid measurement errors of the sensor.
  • a hand-operated electrical control unit in which a control lever is mounted by means of a universal joint-like pivot joint.
  • This has two mutually employed pivot axes, wherein an axis is formed by a bearing shell, are guided in the two bearing portions of the pivot joint.
  • bearing journals On the bearing sections in turn bearing journals are arranged, via which the control lever is pivotable about a further axis.

Abstract

There is disclosed a manually operated electric control device wherein a control lever is mounted by means of a universal joint type pivotable joint. Said control device has two axes which can be pivoted in relation to each other. One axis is formed by a bearing bush in which two bearing sections of the pivotable joint are guided. Bearing tappets are arranged on the bearing sections via which the control lever can be pivoted about another axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein handbetätigtes elektrisches Steuergerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a hand-operated electrical control device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Derartige elektrische Steuergeräte - auch Joysticks genannt - werden zur proportionalen Verstellung von Hydroventilen oder hydraulischen Verbrauchern, beispielsweise bei mobilen Arbeitsmaschinen, verwendet.Such electrical control devices - also called joysticks - are used for the proportional adjustment of hydraulic valves or hydraulic consumers, for example in mobile machines.

Aus der DE 199 60 757 A1 ist ein Steuergerät bekannt, bei dem ein Steuerhebel mittels eines Kugelgelenks an einem Gehäuse gelagert ist. Dieses Kugelgerät lässt praktisch eine allseitige Verschwenkung des Steuerhebels zu, wobei das Steuergerät so ausgeführt ist, dass zwei Hauptschwenkebenen, beispielsweise zur Einstellung der Geschwindigkeit und der Fahrtrichtung eines hydraulischen Fahrwerkantriebs vorgesehen sind. Bei der Kurvenfahrt lässt sich dann dieser Steuerhebel in Zwischenstellungen zwischen den beiden Hauptschwenkebenen verstellen. Die Schwenkbewegung des Steuerhebels wird über eine Sensorik, bei spielsweise über einen im Schwenkhebel aufgenommenen Permanentmagneten und im Gehäuse stationär befestigen Magnetfeldsensoren erfasst. Um ein Verdrehen des Steuerhebels um seine Längsachse zu verhindern, ist bei dem bekannten Steuergerät ein im Gehäuse gelagerter Stift vorgesehen, der in eine Tangentialnut des Steuerhebels eintaucht.From the DE 199 60 757 A1 a control device is known in which a control lever is mounted by means of a ball joint to a housing. This ball device allows practically an all-round pivoting of the control lever, wherein the control unit is designed so that two main pivot levels, for example, to adjust the speed and direction of travel of a hydraulic suspension drive are provided. When cornering can then adjust this control lever in intermediate positions between the two main pivot levels. The pivotal movement of the control lever is detected by a sensor, for example, a fixed in the pivot lever permanent magnets and stationary housing attach magnetic field sensors. In order to prevent rotation of the control lever about its longitudinal axis, a pin mounted in the housing is provided in the known control device, which dips into a Tangentialnut of the control lever.

Problematisch bei einer derartigen Lösung ist, dass es zu einem erheblichen Verschleiß der Reibflächen zwischen Tangentialnut und dem Stift kommen kann. Dieser Verschleiß führt zu einem fühlbaren Verdrehspiel der Steuerhebellagerung, was wiederum in einer gewissen Rauhigkeit bei der Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers resultieren kann.The problem with such a solution is that it can lead to considerable wear of the friction surfaces between Tangentialnut and the pin. This Wear leads to a sensible backlash of the control lever bearing, which in turn can result in a certain roughness in the control of the consumer.

Eine ähnliche Lösung mit den gleichen Nachteilen ist aus der EP 0 459 183 A1 und aus der US-A-2100642 bekannt.A similar solution with the same disadvantages is from the EP 0 459 183 A1 and from the US-A-2100642 known.

In der US 5,619,195 ist ein Steuergerät gezeigt, bei dem der Steuerhebel über ein Kreuzgelenk mit zwei 90° zueinander angestellten Schwenkachsen gelagert ist. Derartige Kreuzgelenke - auch Kardangelenke genannt - erlauben ebenfalls eine allseitige Verschwenkung des Steuerhebels. Bei der bekannten Lösung ist das Kreuzgelenk durch drei ineinander liegende Ringe gebildet, wobei ein innerer Kardanring mit dem Steuerhebel verbunden und mit zwei diametral vorstehenden Zapfen in Aufnahmen eines Zwischenrings gelagert ist. Dieser hat rechtwinklig zu den beiden Aufnahmen für den Innenkardanring zwei weitere Aufnahmen, in denen ein äußerer Kardanring mit zwei an seinen Innenflächen diametral zueinander angeordneten Lagerzapfen gelagert ist. Die Verdrehsicherung dieses Steuerhebels erfolgt durch geeignete Befestigung des Hebels an dem inneren Kardanring.In the US 5,619,195 a control device is shown, in which the control lever is mounted via a universal joint with two 90 ° to each other employed pivot axes. Such universal joints - also called universal joints - also allow an all-round pivoting of the control lever. In the known solution, the universal joint is formed by three nested rings, wherein an inner gimbal is connected to the control lever and mounted with two diametrically projecting pin in receptacles of an intermediate ring. This has at right angles to the two receptacles for Innenkardanring two more shots in which an outer gimbal is mounted with two diametrically opposed to its inner surfaces bearing journals. The rotation of this control lever is done by suitable attachment of the lever on the inner gimbal.

Nachteilig bei einer derartigen Konstruktion ist zum einen der sehr komplexe Aufbau mit ineinander geschachtelten Ringen und des weiteren, dass ein erheblicher Bauraum im Steuergerät vorgesehen werden muss. Außerdem ist die Anordnung der Sensorik vergleichsweise komplex gelöst, da die Magnetfeldsensoren in einem Sensorträger aufgenommen sind, der in den äußeren Kardanring eingesetzt wird und die Permanentmagneten in den genannten Schwenkzapfen befestigt sind.The disadvantage of such a construction, on the one hand, the very complex structure with nested rings and further, that a considerable amount of space in the control unit must be provided. In addition, the arrangement of the sensors is solved comparatively complex, since the magnetic field sensors are accommodated in a sensor carrier which is inserted into the outer gimbal and the permanent magnets are mounted in said pivot pin.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein handbetätigtes elektrisches Steuergerät zu schaffen, das bei einfachem Aufbau eine Verschwenkung mit hinreichender Verdrehsicherheit um eine Längsachse eines Steuerhebels des Steuergerätes ermöglicht.In contrast, the present invention seeks to provide a hand-operated electrical control unit, which allows pivoting with sufficient resistance to rotation about a longitudinal axis of a control lever of the control unit with a simple structure.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein handbetätigtes elektrisches Steuergerät gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a hand-operated electrical control device according to the features of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß hat das Steuergerät ein kreuzgelenkartiges Schwenkgelenk mit zwei zueinander angestellten Schwenkachsen, wobei eine erste Schwenkachse durch zwei mittelbar oder unmittelbar am Steuerhebel befestigte oder in diesen eintauchenden Lagerzapfen gebildet ist. Diese sind jeweils in einem Lagerabschnitt gelagert bzw. befestigt, der seinerseits mit seinen Außenflächen in einer Lagerschale geführt ist, so dass durch die Lagerschalen und die Außenflächen der Lagerabschnitte die zweite Schwenkachse des kreuzgelenkartigen Schwenkgelenks definiert ist. Durch die flächige Anlage der Lagerabschnitte an den diese umgreifenden Lagerschalen wird subjektiv eine hohe Qualitätsanmutung vermittelt. Des weiteren ist bei einer derartigen Konstruktion ein Verdrehen des Steuerhebels um seine Längsachse zuverlässig verhindert. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung zeichnet sich des weiteren durch einen äußerst kompakten Aufbau aus, wobei die Herstellung und Montage mit geringem Aufwand durchführbar ist.According to the invention, the control unit has a universal joint-like pivot joint with two mutually engaged pivot axes, wherein a first pivot axis is formed by two bearing pins which are fastened directly or indirectly to the control lever or are immersed in it. These are each mounted or fastened in a bearing section, which in turn is guided with its outer surfaces in a bearing shell, so that the second pivot axis of the universal joint-like pivot joint is defined by the bearing shells and the outer surfaces of the bearing sections. Due to the flat contact of the bearing sections on the bearing shells enclosing them, a high quality impression is subjectively imparted. Furthermore, in such a construction, a rotation of the control lever about its longitudinal axis reliably prevented. The solution according to the invention is further characterized by an extremely compact design, wherein the production and assembly can be carried out with little effort.

Der Fertigungsaufwand lässt sich weiter verringern, wenn die Lagerabschnitte und die Lagerschalen mit zylinderförmigen Gleitflächen versehen sind, d.h. die Lagerabschnitte sind durch Zylinderabschnitte und die Lagerschalen durch eine Zylinderschale gebildet. Bei einer derartigen Lösung ist die Qualitätsanmutung aufgrund der großflächigen Lagerung besonders hoch.The production costs can be further reduced if the bearing sections and the bearing shells are provided with cylindrical sliding surfaces, ie the bearing sections are formed by cylinder sections and the bearing shells by a cylinder shell. In such a Solution is the quality impression due to the large-area storage particularly high.

Die Herstellung und Montage der Zylinderschale ist besonders einfach, wenn diese aus zwei Schalenkörpern hergestellt wird, die über einen Steg miteinander verbunden sind. Ein derartiges Bauelement lässt sich auf einfache Weise durch Spritzgießen aus Kunststoff herstellen.The production and installation of the cylinder shell is particularly simple if it is made of two shell bodies, which are connected to each other via a web. Such a device can be produced in a simple manner by injection molding of plastic.

Die die erste Schwenkachse bildenden Lagerzapfen werden entweder gleitend im Steuerhebel oder im Lagerabschnitt aufgenommen und entsprechend im jeweils anderen Bauteil mit Presspassung oder durch Kleben, etc. festgelegt.The bearing pins forming the first pivot axis are either slidably received in the control lever or in the bearing section and correspondingly fixed in the respective other component with interference fit or by gluing, etc.

Eine besonders zuverlässige Führung ist gewährleistet, wenn die Zylinderschalen in Schwenkrichtung die beiden Zylinderabschnitte weitestgehend überdecken, wobei die Axiallänge der Zylinderabschnitte und der Zylinderschalen gleich gewählt ist, so dass diese gemeinsam in eine Aufnahme des Gehäuses festgelegt werden können.A particularly reliable guidance is ensured if the cylindrical shells cover the two cylinder sections as far as possible in the pivoting direction, wherein the axial length of the cylinder sections and the cylinder shells is chosen the same, so that they can be set together in a receptacle of the housing.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Steuerhebel fußseitig zu einer Aufnahme für die Sensorik, beispielsweise für einen Permanentringmagneten erweitert. Die Herstellung ist besonders einfach, wenn dieser fußseitige Endabschnitt des Steuerhebels quaderförmig ausgebildet ist, wobei die eingangs genannten Lagerzapfen aus zwei gegenüberliegenden Quaderstirnflächen vorstehen, die als Gleitflächen für die ebenen Lagerflächen der Zylinderabschnitte dienen.In a preferred embodiment, the control lever is extended at the foot end to a receptacle for the sensors, for example for a permanent ring magnet. The preparation is particularly simple if this foot-side end portion of the control lever is cuboid-shaped, wherein the bearing journal mentioned above protrude from two opposite square end faces, which serve as sliding surfaces for the flat bearing surfaces of the cylinder sections.

Die Bauelemente des Schwenkgelenkes werden vorzugsweise aus nicht magnetisierbarem Material hergestellt.The components of the pivot joint are preferably made of non-magnetizable material.

Sonstige vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand weiterer Unteransprüche.Other advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of further subclaims.

Im folgenden wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand schematischer Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen Schnitt durch einen Teil eines handbetätigten elektrischen Steuergerätes;
  • Figur 2 eine Detailansicht des Steuergerätes aus Figur 1;
  • Figur 3 einen um 90° versetzten Schnitt durch ein Steuergerät gemäß Figur 1 und
  • Figur 4 eine Figur 1 entsprechende Darstellung mit verschwenktem Steuerhebel.
In the following a preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a section through a part of a hand-operated electric control unit;
  • FIG. 2 a detailed view of the control unit of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 a 90 ° offset section through a control unit according to FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 4 a FIG. 1 corresponding representation with pivoted control lever.

In Figur 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch einen Teil eines handbetätigten elektrischen Steuergerätes 1 eines mobilen Arbeitsgerätes dargestellt. Mittels dieses Steuergerätes 1 lässt sich beispielsweise die Fahrgeschwindigkeit und die Fahrtrichtung eines Fahrwerkantriebes, die Geschwindigkeit und die Bewegungsrichtung eines Auslegers, etc. steuern. Das nur teilweise dargestellte Steuergerät 1 hat einen Steuerhebel 2, der in einem Gehäuseoberteil 4 mittels eines kreuzgelenkartigen Schwenkgelenkes 6 gelagert ist. Dieses Schwenkgelenk 6 hat zwei in einer Ebene liegende, um 90° zueinander angestellte Schwenkachsen, von denen eine erste Schwenkachse 8 innerhalb der Zeichenebene liegt und eine zweite Schwenkachse 10 senkrecht zur Zeichenebene (siehe auch Figur 3) verläuft. Dieses Schwenkgelenk 6 ist so ausgeführt, dass der Schwenkhebel 2 allseitig verschwenkbar ist, er hat jedoch zwei Hauptschwenkebenen, die durch die beiden Achsen 8, 10 bestimmt sind. D.h. eine Hauptschwenkebene liegt in der Zeichenebene und wird durch die Schwenkachse 10 bestimmt, während die andere Hauptschwenkebene senkrecht zur Zeichenebene verläuft und durch die Schwenkachse 8 vorgegeben ist.In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a part of a hand-operated electric control unit 1 of a mobile implement shown. By means of this control unit 1 can be, for example, the driving speed and the direction of travel of a chassis drive, the speed and the direction of movement of a boom, etc. control. The only partially illustrated control unit 1 has a control lever 2, which is mounted in a housing upper part 4 by means of a universal joint-like pivot joint 6. This pivot joint 6 has two lying in a plane, at 90 ° to each other employed pivot axes, of which a first pivot axis 8 is within the plane and a second pivot axis 10 perpendicular to the plane (see also FIG. 3 ) runs. This pivot joint 6 is designed so that the pivot lever 2 is pivotable on all sides, but it has two main pivot planes through the two axes 8, 10 are determined. That is, a main pivot plane is in the plane of the drawing and is determined by the pivot axis 10, while the other main pivot plane is perpendicular to the plane and is defined by the pivot axis 8.

Der Steuerhebel 2 hat einen zylinderförmigen Grundkörper 12, der zum Schwenkgelenk 6 hin zu einem etwa quaderförmigen Fuß 14 erweitert ist. In diesem befindet sich ein Aufnahmeraum 16, in dem ein ringförmiger Permanentmagnet einsetzbar ist. Wie der Detaildarstellung gemäß Figur 2 ist, sind die senkrecht zur Zeichenebene in Figur 1 verlaufenden Seitenwandungen 18, 20 jeweils mit Durchbrüchen 22 bzw. 24 versehen, in die jeweils ein Lagerzapfen 26, 28 eingesetzt ist. Die Lagerzapfen 26, 28 sind koaxial zur Schwenkachse 8 angeordnet. Bei dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel sei angenommen, dass die Lagerzapfen 26, 28 jeweils mit Presspassung in den Durchbruch 22, 24 eingesetzt sind.The control lever 2 has a cylindrical base body 12, which is extended to the pivot joint 6 toward an approximately cuboid foot 14. In this there is a receiving space 16 in which an annular permanent magnet can be used. As the detailed representation according to FIG. 2 is, which are perpendicular to the drawing plane in FIG. 1 extending side walls 18, 20 respectively provided with openings 22 and 24, in each of which a bearing pin 26, 28 is inserted. The bearing pins 26, 28 are arranged coaxially to the pivot axis 8. In the described embodiment, it is assumed that the bearing pins 26, 28 are each inserted with a press fit into the opening 22, 24.

Die aus den Seitenwandungen 18, 20 hervorstehenden Endabschnitte der Lagerzapfen 26, 28 tauchen in Lageraufnahmen 30, 32 von Zylinderabschnitten 34, 36 ein, die mit ihren dem Fuß 14 zugewandten ebenen Lagerflächen 38, 40 an den außenliegenden Stirnflächen 42, 44 der Seitenwandungen 18, 20 des Fußes 14 des Steuerhebels 2 anliegen.The protruding from the side walls 18, 20 end portions of the bearing journals 26, 28 dive into bearing receivers 30, 32 of cylinder sections 34, 36, with their feet 14 facing flat bearing surfaces 38, 40 on the outer end faces 42, 44 of the side walls 18, 20 of the foot 14 of the control lever 2 abut.

Die Außenflächen 46, 48 sind als koaxial zur Schwenkachse 10 angeordneten Zylinderflächen ausgeführt und liegen an entsprechend ausgebildeten Zylinderinnenflächen 50, 52 zweier Schalenkörper 54, 56 an. Diese sind mittels eines in Figur 2 unten liegenden Stegs 58 miteinander verbunden, so dass eine einstückige Zylinderschale gebildet ist.The outer surfaces 46, 48 are designed as coaxial with the pivot axis 10 arranged cylindrical surfaces and are located on correspondingly shaped cylinder inner surfaces 50, 52 of two shell body 54, 56 at. These are by means of an in FIG. 2 underlying web 58 connected to each other, so that a one-piece cylinder shell is formed.

Diese Zylinderschale ist von unten (Fig.1) in eine Gehäuseaufnahme 60 des Gehäuseoberteils 4 eingesetzt und ist dabei in Richtung der Steuerhebelachse und quer dazu lagefixiert. Diese Gehäuseaufnahme 60 hat in etwa diejenigen Abmessungen, die zur Aufnahme eines herkömmlichen Kugelgelenkes vorgesehen sein müssten, wie es beispielsweise in der DE 199 60 757 A1 beschrieben ist. D.h. das Schwenkgelenk 6 ist äußerst kompakt ausgeführt.This cylinder shell is from below ( Fig.1 ) is inserted into a housing receptacle 60 of the upper housing part 4 and is fixed in position in the direction of the control lever axis and transversely thereto. This housing receptacle 60 has approximately the dimensions that would have to be provided for receiving a conventional ball joint, as for example in the DE 199 60 757 A1 is described. That is, the pivot joint 6 is made extremely compact.

Wie sich insbesondere aus der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 3 ergibt, haben die Zylinderabschnitte 34, 36 und die zugehörigen Schalenkörper 54, 56 die gleiche Axiallänge (bezogen auf die zweite Schwenkachse 10) und sind an den die Gehäuseaufnahme 60 stirnseitig begrenzenden Stützflächen 62, 64 (siehe Figur 3) in Axialrichtung abgestützt.As can be seen in particular from the sectional view according to FIG. 3 results, the cylinder sections 34, 36 and the associated shell body 54, 56 have the same axial length (relative to the second pivot axis 10) and are on the housing receptacle 60 frontally limiting support surfaces 62, 64 (see FIG. 3 ) supported in the axial direction.

Der Steg 58 ist mit einem Durchbruch 66 versehen, durch den hindurch elektrische Signalleitungen des Steuergerätes geführt werden können. Zum gleichen Zweck hat der Steuerhebel 2 eine Axialbohrung 68, über die diese Zuleitungen von unten her zu einer Handhabe (nicht dargestellt) des Steuerhebels 2 geführt sind, an der elektrische Schalter oder dergleichen zur Betätigung von Verbrauchern angeordnet sind.The web 58 is provided with an opening 66 through which electrical signal lines of the control unit can be passed. For the same purpose, the control lever 2 has an axial bore 68 through which these leads are guided from below to a handle (not shown) of the control lever 2, are arranged on the electrical switch or the like for the actuation of consumers.

Die dem im Aufnahmeraum 16 angeordneten Permanentmagneten zugeordneten Magnetfeldsensoren sind in einer Ringnut 70 oder in mehreren am Umfang verteilten Bohrungen aufgenommen, die ebenfalls von unten her verkabelt sind.The magnetic field sensors assigned to the permanent magnets arranged in the receiving space 16 are received in an annular groove 70 or in a plurality of bores distributed around the circumference, which are likewise wired from below.

Der besondere Vorteil des kreuzgelenkartigen Schwenkgelenkes 6 gemäß Figur 2 liegt darin, dass die aufeinander abgleitenden Flächen (Zylinderinnenflächen 50, 52/Außenflächen 46, 48 und Lagerflächen 38, 40/Stirnflächen 42, 44 ) großflächig ausgeführt sind, so dass eine sehr exakte Führung gewährleistet ist, die subjektiv ein gutes Qualitätsgefühl vermittelt. Der Verschleiß dieser Lagerflächen ist vernachlässigbar, so dass das Stellsignal des Bedieners auch nach einem langen Verwendungszeitraum nahezu fehlerfrei in Stellsignale für die hydraulischen Verbraucher umsetzbar ist.The particular advantage of the universal joint-like pivot joint 6 according to FIG. 2 is that the successive sliding surfaces (cylinder inner surfaces 50, 52 / outer surfaces 46, 48 and bearing surfaces 38, 40 / end faces 42, 44) are designed over a large area, so that a very precise guidance is ensured, which gives a good sense of quality subjectively. The wear of these bearing surfaces is negligible, so that the control signal of the operator can be implemented almost error-free in control signals for the hydraulic consumer even after a long period of use.

Gemäß Figur 1 ist das Gehäuseoberteil 4 mit einer etwa kreuzförmig verlaufenden, nach oben hin ansteigenden Kulissenführung 72 versehen, entlang der ein federvorgespanntes Rückstellelement (nicht dargestellt) geführt ist. Durch dieses Rückstellelement wird der Steuerhebel 2 beim Loslassen selbsttätig in seine Neutralposition zurück verschoben. Derartige Rückstellelemente sind aus dem Stand der Technik, beispielsweise aus der DE 199 60 757 A1 bekannt, so dass weitere Ausführungen entbehrlich sind.According to FIG. 1 is the upper housing part 4 is provided with an approximately cross-shaped, upwardly rising gate guide 72, along which a spring-biased return element (not shown) is guided. By this return element, the control lever 2 is automatically moved back to its neutral position when released. Such return elements are known from the prior art, for example from the DE 199 60 757 A1 known, so that further statements are unnecessary.

Die genannte Neutralstellung ist in Figur 1 dargestellt. In der Darstellung gemäß Figur 4 ist der Steuerhebel 2 beispielsweise zum Lenken eines mobilen Arbeitsgerätes aus der Neutralstellung um die zweite Schwenkachse 10 nach rechts verschwenkt. Während dieser Schwenkbewegung gleiten die beiden Zylinderabschnitte 34, 36 mit ihren Außenflächen 46, 48 an den Zylinderinnenflächen 50, 52 ab. Die Höhe (Ansicht nach Figur 4) der Schalenkörper 54, 56 ist dabei so gewählt, dass in der Maximalschwenkstellung (Figur 4) die Zylinderabschnitte 34, 36 vollständig oder zumindest entlang eines Grossteils ihrer Aussenfläche 46, 48 geführt sind.The said neutral position is in FIG. 1 shown. In the illustration according to FIG. 4 is the control lever 2, for example, for steering a mobile implement from the neutral position about the second pivot axis 10 is pivoted to the right. During this pivoting movement, the two cylinder sections 34, 36 slide with their outer surfaces 46, 48 on the cylinder inner surfaces 50, 52 from. The height (view after FIG. 4 ) of the shell body 54, 56 is chosen so that in the maximum pivot position ( FIG. 4 ) the cylinder sections 34, 36 are guided completely or at least along a major part of their outer surface 46, 48.

In der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 3 ist der Steuerhebel 2 gegenüber der Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 um die Achse 8 verschwenkt. Diese Verschwenkung erfolgt um die beiden Lagerzapfen 26, 28, wobei die Stirnflächen 42, 44 des Fußes 14 des Steuerhebels 2 an den Lagerflächen 38, 40 der Zylinderabschnitte 34, 36 abgleiten. Selbstverständlich lassen sich auch beide Schwenkbewegungen (um die Achsen 8, 10) überlagern, so dass Zwischenpositionen zu den in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten Schwenkpositionen einstellbar sind.In the sectional view according to FIG. 3 the control lever 2 is opposite to the representation according to FIG. 1 pivoted about the axis 8. This pivoting takes place about the two bearing journals 26, 28, the end faces 42, 44 of the foot 14 of the control lever 2 on the bearing surfaces 38, 40 of the cylinder sections 34, 36 slide. Of course, both pivotal movements (about the axes 8, 10) are superimposed, so that intermediate positions to the in the FIGS. 3 and 4 shown pivot positions are adjustable.

Die Bauelemente des Schwenkgelenkes 6 sowie der Steuerhebel 2 werden vorzugsweise aus nicht magnetisierbarem Material hergestellt, um Messfehler der Sensorik zu vermeiden.The components of the pivot joint 6 and the control lever 2 are preferably made of non-magnetizable material to avoid measurement errors of the sensor.

Offenbart ist ein handbetätigtes elektrisches Steuergerät, bei dem ein Steuerhebel mittels eines kreuzgelenkartigen Schwenkgelenkes gelagert ist. Dieses hat zwei zueinander angestellte Schwenkachsen, wobei eine Achse durch eine Lagerschale gebildet ist, in der zwei Lagerabschnitte des Schwenkgelenkes geführt sind. An den Lagerabschnitten sind wiederum Lagerzapfen angeordnet, über die der Steuerhebel um eine weitere Achse verschwenkbar ist.Disclosed is a hand-operated electrical control unit, in which a control lever is mounted by means of a universal joint-like pivot joint. This has two mutually employed pivot axes, wherein an axis is formed by a bearing shell, are guided in the two bearing portions of the pivot joint. On the bearing sections in turn bearing journals are arranged, via which the control lever is pivotable about a further axis.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Steuergerätcontrol unit
22
Steuerhebelcontrol lever
44
GehäuseoberteilHousing top
66
Schwenkgelenkpivot
88th
1. Schwenkachse1. pivot axis
1010
2. Schwenkachse2nd pivot axis
1212
Grundkörperbody
1414
Fußfoot
1616
Aufnahmeraumaccommodation space
1818
Seitenwandungsidewall
2020
Seitenwandungsidewall
2222
Durchbruchbreakthrough
2424
Durchbruchbreakthrough
2626
Lagerzapfenpivot
2828
Lagerzapfenpivot
3030
Aufnahmeadmission
3232
Aufnahmeadmission
3434
Zylinderabschnittcylinder section
3636
Zylinderabschnittcylinder section
3838
Lagerflächenstorage areas
4040
Lagerflächenstorage areas
4242
Stirnflächenfaces
4444
Stirnflächenfaces
4646
Außenflächeouter surface
4848
Außenflächenexterior surfaces
5050
ZylinderinnenflächeCylinder inner surface
5252
ZylinderinnenflächeCylinder inner surface
5454
Schalenkörpershell body
5656
Schalenkörpershell body
5858
Stegweb
6060
Gehäuseaufnahmehousing receptacle
6262
Stützflächesupport surface
6464
Stützflächesupport surface
6666
Durchbruchbreakthrough
6868
Axialbohrungaxial bore
7070
Ringnutring groove
7272
Kulissenführunglink guide

Claims (9)

  1. A manually operated electric control device comprising a housing (4) on which a control lever (2) is mounted by means of a universal joint type pivotable joint (6) having two axes (8, 10) which can be pivoted in relation to each other, wherein the position of the control lever (2) can be detected by a sensing technology for generating a control signal and wherein a first pivot axis (8) is formed by two bearing tappets (26, 28) operatively connected to the control lever (2), characterized in that the bearing tappets (26, 28) immerse in respective bearing sections (34, 36) which are guided with their external surfaces (46, 48) in a bearing bush (54, 56, 58) so that a second pivot axis (10) is formed.
  2. A control device according to claim 1, wherein each bearing section includes a cylinder section (34, 36) having a plane bearing surface (38, 40) adapted to be adjacent to end faces (42, 44) of the control lever (2), and a convexly curved external cylinder surface (46, 48) adapted to be adjacent to a correspondingly designed concavely curved internal cylinder surface (50, 52) of the bearing bush (54, 56, 58) having the form of a cylinder bush.
  3. A control device according to claim 2, wherein the cylinder bush includes two bush members (54, 56) connected to each other by a bridge (58).
  4. A control device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the bearing tappets (26, 28) are supported to slide in the control lever (2) or in the respective cylinder section (34, 36) and are fastened in the respective other component (34, 36; 2) with press fit or the like.
  5. A control device according to any one of the claims 2 to 4, wherein in a neutral position of the control lever (2) the cylinder bushes (54, 56) extend beyond the cylinder sections (34, 36) in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the control lever.
  6. A control device according to any one of the claims 2 to 5, wherein the axial length of the cylinder sections (34, 36) and of the cylinder bush (54, 56) is equal and the same are supported in a housing seat (60).
  7. A control device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control lever (2) has a receiving chamber (16) for a permanent magnet at the base side.
  8. A control device according to claim 7, wherein the control lever (2) has an approximately rectangular base (14) on which the end faces (42, 44) associated with bearing surfaces (38, 40) are formed.
  9. A control device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the components of the pivotable joint (6) and the control lever (2) are manufactured of non-magnetizable material.
EP04786882A 2003-10-04 2004-09-29 Manually operated electric control device Not-in-force EP1668436B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10346103 2003-10-04
DE102004004041A DE102004004041A1 (en) 2003-10-04 2004-01-27 Hand-operated electric control device/joystick for proportional adjustment of hydraulic valves and consumers in mobile machines/tools has a control lever and swivel pins
PCT/DE2004/002170 WO2005033821A2 (en) 2003-10-04 2004-09-29 Manually operated electric control device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1668436A2 EP1668436A2 (en) 2006-06-14
EP1668436B1 true EP1668436B1 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1668436B8 EP1668436B8 (en) 2008-08-06

Family

ID=34424321

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04786882A Not-in-force EP1668436B8 (en) 2003-10-04 2004-09-29 Manually operated electric control device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070062325A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1668436B8 (en)
JP (1) JP2007507772A (en)
AT (1) ATE395656T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004007167D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005033821A2 (en)

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1548382A (en) * 1924-05-27 1925-08-04 Joseph A Paul Piston and connecting-rod construction
US2100642A (en) * 1935-05-02 1937-11-30 Gen Motors Corp Gear shift lever and resilient mount therefor
US2104101A (en) * 1936-07-03 1938-01-04 Krupp Ag Jointed coupling
US3068032A (en) * 1958-11-13 1962-12-11 Daimler Benz Ag Ball joint connection
US3828148A (en) * 1972-09-20 1974-08-06 Otto Engineering Multi-position electrical switch and spring biasing means for universal-type actuator
JPS54159610U (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-07
DE3138827A1 (en) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-14 Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH, 3000 Hannover GEAR SELECTOR FOR A GEARBOX
US4569245A (en) * 1983-12-07 1986-02-11 Jsj Corporation Drop-in type automotive transmission shifter
JP2503135Y2 (en) * 1990-03-26 1996-06-26 川崎重工業株式会社 Electric joystick device for construction machinery
DE4017696A1 (en) 1990-06-01 1991-12-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert TAXOR
US5313853A (en) * 1992-12-14 1994-05-24 Grand Haven Stamped Products Company, Div. Of Jsj Corporation Flat spring biased shifter
US5619195A (en) 1995-12-29 1997-04-08 Charles D. Hayes Multi-axial position sensing apparatus
JP2000192942A (en) * 1998-10-19 2000-07-11 Okuma Corp Universal joint and parallel mechanism machine having this universal joint
DE19960757A1 (en) 1998-12-24 2000-06-29 Mannesmann Rexroth Ag Hand-operated electrical control device for hydraulic valves or hydraulic machines, has rocker forming part of rotating body on both sides of second pivot plane with axis same as second pivot axis through pivot point in second plane
US20020190948A1 (en) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-19 Coutant Alan R. Arcuate track joystick assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070062325A1 (en) 2007-03-22
JP2007507772A (en) 2007-03-29
EP1668436B8 (en) 2008-08-06
EP1668436A2 (en) 2006-06-14
WO2005033821A3 (en) 2005-06-16
WO2005033821A2 (en) 2005-04-14
ATE395656T1 (en) 2008-05-15
DE502004007167D1 (en) 2008-06-26

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