EP1661722B1

EP1661722B1 - Printer with paper treatment system

Info

Publication number: EP1661722B1
Application number: EP05111212.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Lodewijk T. Holtman; Franciscus J.W.M. Wolters
Original assignee: Oce Technologies BV
Current assignee: Canon Production Printing Netherlands BV
Priority date: 2004-11-25
Filing date: 2005-11-24
Publication date: 2014-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-24
Also published as: EP1661722A1

Description

The invention relates to a hot melt ink jet printer having a paper feed system for feeding printing paper to a print station, and a paper treatment system for subjecting the paper to an anti-cockle treatment.
In printers in which paper or similar media are used as recording media, a tendency of the paper to cockle may sometimes constitute a serious problem. The cockling phenomenon is related to the fact that paper and similar materials tend to absorb humidity from ambient air and to expand and contract in accordance with their humidity content. Typically, the expansion and contraction is unisotropic and is particularly pronounced in a direction in which the fibres of the paper are predominantly oriented. When there exists a gradient in humidity within the paper, then the more humid portion of the paper will expand more than the drier portion, which inevitably leads to the production of cockles or wrinkles.
In a typical setup of an ink jet printer, for example, especially a large format printer, the paper is intermittently advanced over a flat sheet support plate, while a carriage moves back and forth across the paper, and ink jet printheads mounted on the carriage are energised to eject droplets of ink onto the paper so as to form a printed image. Since the carriage moves with relatively high velocity, the ink droplets ejected onto the paper undergo a certain aberration and are deposited on the paper in a somewhat dislocated position. The amount of dislocation is proportional to the flight distance of the ink droplets. Thus, when cockles are present in the paper, the flight distance is non-uniform and, accordingly, the dislocation of the spots of ink on the paper also becomes non-uniform, so that the quality of the printed image is deteriorated.
In a hot melt ink jet printer, the ink is solid at room temperature and must be heated above its melting point, typically in the order of magnitude of 100°C, before of droplets of liquid ink can be jetted onto the paper. As a result, when the image is being printed, the paper will be heated by the high temperature of the ink, and part of the water that has been absorbed in the paper will evaporate. This creates a humidity gradient in the paper in the area of the print station, and the production of cockles is likely to occur.
Several measures can be conceived of in order to cope with this cockling phenomenon in a printer. For example, the paper may be heated in order to reduce its intrinsic humidity content, mechanical means may be employed for forcibly holding the paper flat on the sheet support plate, and/or shielding measures may be taken for preventing the paper from coming into contact with humid ambient air, especially in a stand-by condition of the printer. However, whichever measures are taken for mitigating the cockling phenomenon, such measures generally have a negative effect on the productivity of the printer and/or lead to an increased energy consumption.
US 2003/0137573 discloses an ink jet printer of the type described above, having a vacuum belt forming the paper feed system, and a paper treatment system comprising a heater arranged at the vacuum belt.
US 2004/041893 and EP 0 307 251 disclose printers having a humidity sensor and a heater controlled thereby in order to adujst the temperature of the paper in the print station.
The printer described in the document US 2004/041893 ejects UV ink and has a heat plate as a paper treatment system that heats the paper. The heat plate is arranged on the top surface of the platen. The printer has also a humidity sensor to detect the degree of humidity of ambient air and a control system to control the paper treatment system in response to the degree of humidity. The temperature of the UV ink received on the paper is controlled by controlling the temperature of the paper with the result that the ink is cured enough even if the humidity in the atmosphere is high which normally obstructs curing.
It is an object of the invention to provide a printer which permits a high productivity and It is an object of the invention to provide a printer which permits a high productivity and has a low energy consumption and is nevertheless capable of suppressing the cockling phenomenon to a tolerable limit.
To this end, the printer according to the invention, as defined in detail in claim 1, comprises a humidity sensor arranged to detect the degree of humidity of ambient air, and a control system adapted to control the paper treatment system in response to the detected degree of humidity, and the paper treatment system is arranged upstream of a feed roller of the paper feed system in the direction in which the paper is fed, said feed roller being arranged upstream of the print station , and the paper treatment system is adapted to reduce a humidity gradient in the paper in the direction in which the paper is fed.
The invention is based on the consideration that the cockling tendency of the paper will depend on the degree of humidity of ambient air at the location where the printer is operating. When the air is relatively dry, the cockling tendency is low, and the anti-cockle treatment may be limited or dispensed with completely, so that less or no time and energy is wasted for the anti-cockle treatment. On the other hand, when the humidity of ambient air increases, this is detected by the humidity sensor, and the paper treatment system is automatically activated so as to mitigate the cockling phenomenon and to assure a high print quality.
More specific embodiments and further details of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.
In a specific embodiment, the printing paper is provided in the form of an endless web that is wound on a reel in a paper magazine of the printer and is drawn off from the reel during the printing process. The paper feed system will comprise guide plates which define a relatively narrow paper feed path for guiding the paper from the reel to the print station. This is particularly the case for a printer which has a plurality of reels and permits to select among different qualities or widths of recording media. Then, the guide plates of the paper feed system will define a paper feed path with several branches for guiding the paper from the various reels, and these branches will merge into a common path through which the paper is fed to the print station.
However, since mechanical components such as transport rollers, a cutting mechanism for cutting the web to the desired sheet length, and the like must be disposed at the paper feed path so as to come into contact with the paper, not all of the paper feed path can be bounded by the guide plates. Thus, the paper feed path will comprise certain sections where the paper is accommodated in a narrow space between the guide plates, and other sections where the paper is more exposed to ambient air. As a result, when the printer is an a stand-by condition, and the web of paper is not transported, the paper will absorb humidity mainly in those sections of the feed path which are exposed to ambient air.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide plates defining the narrow sections of the paper feed path are perforated, so that the paper will be exposed to ambient air even in these sections. As a result, the portion of the paper web that rests in the paper feed path in the stand-by state will absorb humidity from the ambient air in a more uniform manner, so that the humidity gradient in the paper is prevented from becoming too large. This helps to avoid the production of cockles.
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic vertical cross-section of a paper transport system of a hotmelt ink jet printer according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a paper sheet, illustrating the occurrence of cockles caused by a humidity gradient in the paper; and
Fig. 3 is a partial view of a guide plate delimiting a paper feed path in the printer shown in Fig. 1.

As is shown in Fig. 1, a hot melt ink jet printer comprises a frame 10 (which has only been shown in phantom lines) and which accommodates a paper magazine 12 and a paper feed system 14 adapted to feed a sheet 16 of paper to a print station 18 on the top side of the frame 10. In the print station 18, the sheet 16 is sucked against a flat top surface of a perforated sheet support plate 20 by means of a vacuum system (not shown). A carriage 22 is arranged to travel back and forth across the sheet 16 in the direction normal to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 1 and carries at its bottom side a number of hot melt ink jet printheads 24 facing the sheet 16. Thus, by energising the printheads 24, a swath of an image is printed in each pass of the carriage 22. Then, the sheet 16 is advanced by a step of appropriate length in a direction indicated by an arrow A, so that the next swath can be printed. A discharge mechanism 26 discharges the sheet onto a tray 28 which, in the example shown, accommodates already a printed sheet 30. The sheet support plate 20 is temperature-controlled in order to control the cooling rate and the solidification of the hot melt ink that has been deposited on the paper.
The paper magazine 12 comprises a set of six reels 32 each providing a supply of printing paper in the form of an endless web 34. The reels 32 are arranged in three levels, and the web 34 from each reel is drawn-off by means of a respectively associated pair of transport rollers 36. An arrangement of guide plates 38 defines a branched system of narrow feed paths 40 which merge into a common feed path 42 on the top side of the paper magazine. The pairs of transport rollers 36 are selectively driven to feed the web 34 from a selected one of the reels 32 to the common feed path 42. It will be understood that the reels 32 may contain paper of different qualities and possibly also non-paper recording media such as plastic films or the like. Further, the webs on the reels 32 may differ in width, so that printed sheets may be produced in different formats, ranging for example from A4 portrait to A0 landscape.
From the common feed path 42, the selected web is guided past a cutting mechanism 44 for cutting the web to the desired sheet length, and then the cut sheet 16 is guided over a system of deflection and tensioning rollers 46 and guide plates 48 to a platen 50 from which it is paid out onto the sheet support plate 20.
On its way from the reel 32 to the platen 50, the web 34 and the sheet 16, respectively, will inevitably be exposed to ambient air and, as a result, will absorb humidity, especially when the relative humidity RH of the ambient air is high. In the example shown, the paper is particularly exposed to ambient air in the vicinity of the cutting mechanism 44.
When the humidity content of the paper increases, it tends to expand, in particular in the direction in which the fibres in the paper are predominantly oriented. Typically, this is the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the web. When the sheet 16, after having expanded in this way, reaches the sheet support plate 20 and is heated by the hot melt ink deposited thereon, part of the water contained in the paper will be evaporated, and the paper shrinks again in width direction of the sheet. Thus, since a humidity gradient is present in the paper, the accompanying reduction in width of the sheet leads to the production of cockles. This has exaggeratedly been illustrated in Fig. 2, where a dashed line indicates an approximate boarder between a more humid portion 52 and a drier portion 54 of the sheet 16. The shrinkage in width of the drier portion 54 leads to the formation of cockles 56 in the portion 52.
In order to reduce the occurrence of such cockles 56 especially in the area of the print station 18, a heater 60 is provided at the paper feed path just upstream of the platen 50, so that the humidity content of the sheet 16 is reduced already before it enters the print station.
The heater 60 is controlled by an electronic control system 62 which is also connected to a humidity sensor 64. In the example shown, the sensor 64 is arranged in a position where it can detect the humidity of air near a portion of the paper feed path where the paper is particularly exposed to ambient air. Thus, when the air humidity is high, the heater 60 is heated to a higher temperature in order to drive the humidity out of the paper more efficiently. When the air humidity is lower, the temperature of the heater 60 may be reduced, so that energy consumption is also reduced. Below a certain threshold level of 40% RH, for example, the heater 60 may be switched off completely, because, then, the amount of cockling is within tolerable limits, anyway.
The control system 62 may also be programmed to establish a different relation between the detected air humidity and the temperature of the heater 60 depending on the quality (e.g. paper weight, of the print medium on the selected reel 32. For example, the theshold for switching between an ON and an OFF state of the heater may be shifted.
In addition, the heater 60 may be segmented in width direction, and the width of the active part of the heater will automatically be adapted to the width of the paper web, so as to avoid a waste of heat energy.
As has been shown in figure 3, the guide plates 38 bounding the various branches of the paper feed paths 40 have a pattern of perforations 66 which are small enough to assure that the paper is smoothly guided between the guide plates but, on the other hand are large and numerous enough to expose the paper to ambient air even in the narrow spaces between the guide plates 38. As a result, when the printer is in stand-by, the portions of the web 34 inside and outside of the narrow passages defined by the guide plates 38 will be exposed to ambient air to approximately the same extent, and this helps to reduce the gradient of humidity developing in the paper during the stand-by period. This will reduce the amount of cockles that are present in the paper already when the printer starts to operate again and the sheet 16 is fed to the platen 50.
If in an embodiment not covered by the claims the printer is not a hot melt printer but an ink jet printer operating with ink that is liquid at room temperature, so that no temperature and humidity gradient will be caused by the hot ink, the perforation of the guide plates 38 alone may be sufficient to suppress cockling below tolerable limits.

Claims

A hot melt ink jet printer having a paper feed system (14) for feeding printing paper (16, 34) to a print station (18), and a paper treatment system (60) for subjecting the paper to an anti-cockle treatment, characterised in that the printer comprises a humidity sensor (64) arranged to detect the degree of humidity of ambient air, and a control system (62) adapted to control the paper treatment system in response to the detected degree of humidity, and the paper treatment system (60) is arranged upstream of a feed roller (50) of the paper feed system (14) in the direction in which the paper is fed, said feed roller (50) being arranged upstream of the print station (18), and the paper treatment system (60) is adapted to reduce a humidity gradient in the paper in the direction in which the paper is fed.
The printer according to claim 1, wherein the control system (62) is adapted to switch off the paper treatment system (60) when the detected degree of humidity is below a certain threshold level.
The printer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the paper treatment system comprises a heater (60) for heating the printing paper (16) before it is fed to the print station (18).
The printer according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the control system (62) is adapted to establish different relations between the detected degree of humidity and the activity of the paper treatment system (60) depending on the type of printing paper being fed to the print station (18).
The printer of claim 4, comprising a paper magazine (12) adapted to store a plurality of stocks of printing paper, the paper feed system (14) being adapted to selectively feed paper from one of the stocks of the paper magazine (12) to the print station (18).
The printer according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the paper feed system (14) defines a paper feed path (40) having at least one section where the paper is exposed to ambient air and at least one section where the paper is guided between guide plates (38), the guide plates (38) being provided with perforations (66) so that the paper is exposed to ambient air also between the guide plates.
The printer of any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one reel (32) supplying an endless web (34) of printing paper.