EP1654400A2 - Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride - Google Patents

Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride

Info

Publication number
EP1654400A2
EP1654400A2 EP04763110A EP04763110A EP1654400A2 EP 1654400 A2 EP1654400 A2 EP 1654400A2 EP 04763110 A EP04763110 A EP 04763110A EP 04763110 A EP04763110 A EP 04763110A EP 1654400 A2 EP1654400 A2 EP 1654400A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
germanium
germanium hydride
hydride
electrolysis
contaminants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04763110A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vladimir Michailovich Vorotyntsev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP1654400A2 publication Critical patent/EP1654400A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B41/00—Obtaining germanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the invention now proposed relates to the preparation of germanium-containing materials and concerns the development of an electrochemical method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride, suitable for use as a source of germanium in microelectronics technologies .
  • a method is known for preparing germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing 25-35 g/1 of germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm 2 , electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte streams, feeding electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber (RF Patent No.
  • the method provides low productivity, of the order of 10 g/hour.
  • the total content of the contaminants SiH 4 , AsH 3 , PH 3 , H 2 S, CH 4 , Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. in the resultant germanium hydride is not more than 1"10 ⁇ 4 %, which limits the field of its practical application, particularly for use in the production of epitaxial Si-Ge structures, where further improvement in the purity of the germanium hydride is needed.
  • the object on which the present invention is based, is to improve the purity of the germanium hydride and to improve the productivity of the method which is at the same time characterized by low energy content.
  • This object is achieved in that, in a known method for preparing germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm 2 with subsequent isolation of the germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen, the electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte streams, feeding electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber, in accordance with the invention an electrical current is first passed through the aqueous- alkaline solution at a temperature no higher than 65°C for the time needed to achieve the minimum possible content of contaminants limiting for germanium hydride, after which germanium dioxide is added to the solution from a concentration of not less than 40 g/1 to the solubility limit and electrolysis is performed at
  • a total content of the contaminants SiH 4 , AsH 3 , PH 3 , H 2 S, CH 4 , Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. in the germanium hydride isolated after synthesis at a level of not more than 1-10 ⁇ 6 % is acceptable for relatively wide fields of practical application, particularly as a source of germanium for nuclear radiation detectors .
  • Germanium hydride with a lower content of said contaminants is required for a number of fields of practical application.
  • the isolated germanium hydride requires additional purification.
  • Known methods of purification, such as rectification with a centre pot ensure the removal of low- and high-boiling dissolved contaminants, and at the same time demand high energy expenditure.
  • Thermodistillation ensures the removal of suspended particles and also demands high energy expenditure .
  • said object is achieved owing to the fact that, in a known method for preparing germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm 2 with subsequent isolation of the germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen, the electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte, feeding electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber, in accordance with the invention an electrical current is first passed through the aqueous- alkaline solution at a temperature no higher than 65°C for the time needed
  • germanium hydride When preparing germanium hydride at the maximum possible productivity - 50 g/hour - it is desirable that electrolysis be performed at a germanium dioxide concentration of 50 g/1 and an electrolyte temperature of 65°C. When preparing large volumes of germanium hydride, it is desirable, before isolation, to concentrate the latter using a diffusion membrane. In order to prepare germanium hydride with a total content of the contaminants SiH 4 , AsH 3 , PH 3 , H 2 S, CH 4 , Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc.
  • the isolated germanium hydride is passed at room temperature through an ultrafiltration membrane, which ensures the removal of suspended particles of 0.05 ⁇ m size to a level of less than 5.5-10 3 particles/mole .
  • the abovementioned membranes may be made from polymeric material, or from metal, or from ceramic.
  • a novel aspect of the method is that an electrical current is passed through the aqueous-alkaline solution first, before addition of the germanium dioxide, which ensures the removal of the dissolved contaminants SiH, AsH 3 , PH 3 , H 2 S, CH, etc., present in reagents and in the material of apparatus, which overall reduces more than 100-fold the content of the latter in the germanium hydride obtained after isolation, increasing the level of purification of the isolated germanium hydride by the membrane method. It is well known that hydrogen is liberated at the cathode when an electrical current is passed through an aqueous-alkaline solution.
  • Analysis of the hydrogen for the content of the abovementioned contaminants is a criterion for the degree of removal of the contaminants from the electrolyte when performing electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution. Electrolysis is performed until the content of the limiting contaminants for the germanium hydride being prepared reaches the minimum possible content.
  • the germanium dioxide concentration of not less than 40 g/1 through to the solubility limit at an electrolyte temperature no higher than 65°C ensures a productivity of 40-50 g/hour, which is 4-5 times higher compared to the prior art.
  • Productivity falls by a factor of 3 at a germanium dioxide concentration of less than 40 g/1.
  • the membrane method is readily implemented at room temperature, providing a more than 10-fold overall level of removal of molecular contaminants and metal contaminants, and removal of suspended particles of submicron size to a level of less than 5.5- 10 3 particles/mole. If the germanium hydride isolated after synthesis contains contaminants with an overall content of more than 1-10 "6 %, as for example 1-10 "4 % in the prior art, purification by the membrane method will be hindered, and for certain contaminants virtually impossible.
  • Germanium hydride is prepared in a monopolar cell of filter-press type at a nickel cathode with a surface area of 500 cm 2 .
  • the cathode gas consists of hydrogen and germanium hydride.
  • concentration of germanium hydride in the hydrogen stream is 6%.
  • the gas mixture is fractionated and the germanium hydride is isolated.
  • the hydride is concentrated using a gas-fractionating diffusion membrane such as PDMS - based on poly(arylate dimethylsiloxane) block copolymer, and is then isolated using the cryoscopic method.
  • a gas-fractionating diffusion membrane such as PDMS - based on poly(arylate dimethylsiloxane) block copolymer
  • the prepared hydride is purified by the membrane method using a gas-diffusion membrane, which simultaneously ensures the removal of molecular contaminants and metal contaminants to a total content of not more than 1'10 " %.
  • the same membrane as for concentration of the germanium hydride may be used as the gas-diffusion membrane. Purification is performed at room temperature. When the limiting contaminants are heterogeneous contaminants in the form of suspended solid particles of submicron size, supplementary purification of the germanium hydride is performed using ultrafiltration membranes, such as nuclear filters of lavsan.
  • the content of said contaminants after purification is less than 5.5-10 3 particles/mole (for 0.05 ⁇ particles) .
  • the method now proposed for preparing high-purity germanium hydride which includes electrochemical synthesis and purification of the isolated germanium hydride by the membrane method, provides high purification efficiency: the total content of SiH 4 , AsH 3 , PH 3 , H 2 S, CH 4 , Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. is not more than l'10 -7 %, and the content of suspended particles of 0.05 ⁇ m in size is less than 5.5- 10 3 particles/mole.
  • the productivity of the method is 40-50 g/hour, while the method is characterized by low energy expenditure, owing to the fact that concentration of the hydride in the stage of isolation from the mixture with hydrogen and purification of the isolated hydride are performed at room temperature.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Germanium hydride is prepared by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide in a concentration of from not less than 40 g/l to the solubility limit, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/ cm2 and a temperature no higher than 65°C, first passing an electrical current through the aqueous-alkaline solution for the time needed to achieve the minimum possible content of contaminants limiting for germanium hydride. For more thorough purification, the isolated germanium hydride is purified by the membrane method. The technical result is preparation of germanium hydride in which the total content of the contaminants SiH4, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. is not more than 1.10-6% - 1.10-7%, which is acceptable for comparatively wide fields of practical application. The use of the membrane method ensures removal from the germanium hydride of suspended particles with a size of 0.05 µm to a level of less than 5.5.10-3 particles/mole, making it suitable in such fields as, for example, optics and laser engineering. The productivity of the method is 40-50 g/hour. 2 main claims, 8 dependent claims, 1 example.

Description

METHOD FOR PREPARING HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM HYDRIDE
The invention now proposed relates to the preparation of germanium-containing materials and concerns the development of an electrochemical method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride, suitable for use as a source of germanium in microelectronics technologies . A method is known for preparing germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing 25-35 g/1 of germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm2, electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte streams, feeding electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber (RF Patent No. 1732697, filed 19.01.90). The method provides low productivity, of the order of 10 g/hour. The total content of the contaminants SiH4, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. in the resultant germanium hydride is not more than 1"10~4%, which limits the field of its practical application, particularly for use in the production of epitaxial Si-Ge structures, where further improvement in the purity of the germanium hydride is needed. The object on which the present invention is based, is to improve the purity of the germanium hydride and to improve the productivity of the method which is at the same time characterized by low energy content. This object is achieved in that, in a known method for preparing germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm2 with subsequent isolation of the germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen, the electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte streams, feeding electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber, in accordance with the invention an electrical current is first passed through the aqueous- alkaline solution at a temperature no higher than 65°C for the time needed to achieve the minimum possible content of contaminants limiting for germanium hydride, after which germanium dioxide is added to the solution from a concentration of not less than 40 g/1 to the solubility limit and electrolysis is performed at a temperature no higher than 65°C. When preparing germanium hydride at the maximum possible productivity - 50 g/hour - it is desirable that electrolysis be performed at a germanium dioxide concentration of 50 g/1 and an electrolyte temperature of 65°C. The preparation of large volumes of germanium hydride is accompanied by high energy consumption owing to the fact that cooling and condensation when isolating germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen are performed at fairly low temperatures. Thus, in order to save energy when preparing large volumes of germanium hydride, it is desirable, before isolation of the germanium hydride, to concentrate the latter using a diffusion membrane. Concentration of the germanium hydride reduces the volume of hydrogen to be cooled, which leads to a reduction in energy consumption. Concentration of the hydride using said membrane is performed at room temperature. A total content of the contaminants SiH4, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. in the germanium hydride isolated after synthesis at a level of not more than 1-10~6% is acceptable for relatively wide fields of practical application, particularly as a source of germanium for nuclear radiation detectors . Germanium hydride with a lower content of said contaminants is required for a number of fields of practical application. To achieve this, the isolated germanium hydride requires additional purification. Known methods of purification, such as rectification with a centre pot, ensure the removal of low- and high-boiling dissolved contaminants, and at the same time demand high energy expenditure. Thermodistillation ensures the removal of suspended particles and also demands high energy expenditure . To prepare germanium hydride with a lower content of said contaminants and which at the same time does not demand additional energy expenditure, said object is achieved owing to the fact that, in a known method for preparing germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm2 with subsequent isolation of the germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen, the electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte, feeding electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber, in accordance with the invention an electrical current is first passed through the aqueous- alkaline solution at a temperature no higher than 65°C for the time needed to achieve the minimum possible content of contaminants limiting for germanium hydride, after which germanium dioxide is added to the solution from a concentration of not less than 40 g/1 to the solubility limit and electrolysis is performed at a temperature no higher than 65°C, while the isolated germanium hydride is purified by the membrane method. When preparing germanium hydride at the maximum possible productivity - 50 g/hour - it is desirable that electrolysis be performed at a germanium dioxide concentration of 50 g/1 and an electrolyte temperature of 65°C. When preparing large volumes of germanium hydride, it is desirable, before isolation, to concentrate the latter using a diffusion membrane. In order to prepare germanium hydride with a total content of the contaminants SiH4, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. at a level of not more than 1'10"7%, suitable for use as a germanium source in microelectronics technologies, it is preferable to purify the isolated germanium hydride using a gas-diffusion membrane, which ensures the simultaneous removal ' of molecular contaminants and contaminants in the form of metals . Heterogeneous contaminants - suspended solid particles of submicron size - are limiting factors for a number of fields of practical application, such as, for example, optics and laser engineering. In order to remove the latter, purified germanium hydride is passed at room temperature through an ultrafiltration membrane, which ensures the removal of suspended particles of 0.05 μm size to a level of less than 5.5-103 particles/mole . The abovementioned membranes may be made from polymeric material, or from metal, or from ceramic. A novel aspect of the method is that an electrical current is passed through the aqueous-alkaline solution first, before addition of the germanium dioxide, which ensures the removal of the dissolved contaminants SiH, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH, etc., present in reagents and in the material of apparatus, which overall reduces more than 100-fold the content of the latter in the germanium hydride obtained after isolation, increasing the level of purification of the isolated germanium hydride by the membrane method. It is well known that hydrogen is liberated at the cathode when an electrical current is passed through an aqueous-alkaline solution. Analysis of the hydrogen for the content of the abovementioned contaminants is a criterion for the degree of removal of the contaminants from the electrolyte when performing electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution. Electrolysis is performed until the content of the limiting contaminants for the germanium hydride being prepared reaches the minimum possible content. The germanium dioxide concentration of not less than 40 g/1 through to the solubility limit at an electrolyte temperature no higher than 65°C ensures a productivity of 40-50 g/hour, which is 4-5 times higher compared to the prior art. Productivity falls by a factor of 3 at a germanium dioxide concentration of less than 40 g/1. This is explained by the fact that, at a germanium dioxide concentration of less than 40 g/1, the rate of formation of germanium hydride falls as a consequence of its dependence on the concentration of germanium dioxide. Performing electrolysis at a temperature higher than 65° leads to a fall in the germanium hydride production rate owing to the increase in thermal decomposition of the latter at the abovementioned concentrations. The membrane method of purification is the cheapest and most efficient method. By virtue of the fact that the germanium hydride isolated after synthesis has a reasonably high level of purification, a total content of contaminants of not more than 1-10"6%, as mentioned above, the membrane method is readily implemented at room temperature, providing a more than 10-fold overall level of removal of molecular contaminants and metal contaminants, and removal of suspended particles of submicron size to a level of less than 5.5- 103 particles/mole. If the germanium hydride isolated after synthesis contains contaminants with an overall content of more than 1-10"6%, as for example 1-10"4% in the prior art, purification by the membrane method will be hindered, and for certain contaminants virtually impossible. The level of purification in the synthesis stage of germanium hydride which is to be further purified by the membrane method is thus an essential feature. All the features mentioned are essential both in the synthesis stage of germanium hydride and also in the stage of its purification, since each is necessary, and together they are sufficient for the preparation of high-purity germanium hydride with the minimum possible energy expenditure . The statements confirming the possibility of accomplishing the invention are supported by examples. Example. Germanium hydride is prepared in a monopolar cell of filter-press type at a nickel cathode with a surface area of 500 cm2. 2.5 N of KOH solution are poured into the cell and an electrical current is passed through at a density of 1.5 A/cm2 and a temperature of 65°C until the content of the dissolved contaminants SiH, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, etc., reaches the minimum possible content. The criterion for assessing the electrolysis performance time is the analysis of the hydrogen for the content of said contaminants. Germanium dioxide is then added to the aqueous-alkaline solution to a concentration of 50 g/1 and electrolysis is performed at a temperature of 65°C. The electrodes are cooled with cold water during electrolysis. A cathode gas, which is separated off from the electrolyte, is formed at the cathode. The cathode gas consists of hydrogen and germanium hydride. According to the results of gas-chromatography analysis, the concentration of germanium hydride in the hydrogen stream is 6%. The gas mixture is fractionated and the germanium hydride is isolated. Before isolation, the hydride is concentrated using a gas-fractionating diffusion membrane such as PDMS - based on poly(arylate dimethylsiloxane) block copolymer, and is then isolated using the cryoscopic method. According to the results of gas-chromatography and chemical-spectral methods of analysis, the total content of SiH4, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. in the germanium hydride isolated after synthesis is not more than 1-10~6%. The productivity of the method is 50 g/hour. Where necessary, when a higher level of removal of said contaminants is required, the prepared hydride is purified by the membrane method using a gas-diffusion membrane, which simultaneously ensures the removal of molecular contaminants and metal contaminants to a total content of not more than 1'10"%. The same membrane as for concentration of the germanium hydride may be used as the gas-diffusion membrane. Purification is performed at room temperature. When the limiting contaminants are heterogeneous contaminants in the form of suspended solid particles of submicron size, supplementary purification of the germanium hydride is performed using ultrafiltration membranes, such as nuclear filters of lavsan. According to the results of ultramicroscope analysis, the content of said contaminants after purification is less than 5.5-103 particles/mole (for 0.05 μ particles) . The method now proposed for preparing high-purity germanium hydride, which includes electrochemical synthesis and purification of the isolated germanium hydride by the membrane method, provides high purification efficiency: the total content of SiH4, AsH3, PH3, H2S, CH4, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Mg, etc. is not more than l'10-7%, and the content of suspended particles of 0.05 μm in size is less than 5.5- 103 particles/mole. The productivity of the method is 40-50 g/hour, while the method is characterized by low energy expenditure, owing to the fact that concentration of the hydride in the stage of isolation from the mixture with hydrogen and purification of the isolated hydride are performed at room temperature.

Claims

1. Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm2 with subsequent isolation of the germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen, the electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte streams, feeding a stream of electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber, characterized in that an electrical current is first passed through the aqueous-alkaline solution for the time needed to achieve the minimum possible content of contaminants limiting for germanium hydride, after which germanium dioxide is added to the solution in a concentration of from not less than 40 g/1 to the solubility limit and electrolysis is ^performed at a temperature no higher than 65°C.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that, essentially, germanium dioxide is added to the solution to a concentration of 50 g/1 and electrolysis is performed at a temperature of 65°C. 3 Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the germanium hydride is concentrated before isolation using a gas-diffusion membrane. 4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the gas-diffusion membrane may be made from polymeric material, or from metal, or from ceramic. 5. Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride by electrolysis of an aqueous-alkaline solution, containing germanium dioxide, at a nickel cathode in a diaphragm cell at a current density of 1.0-1.5 A/cm2 with subsequent isolation of the germanium hydride from the mixture with hydrogen, the electrolysis being performed with cross-mixing of electrolyte streams, feeding a stream of electrolyte from the cathode chamber, after removal of germanium hydride and hydrogen, into the anode chamber, and a stream of electrolyte from the anode chamber, after removal of oxygen, into the cathode chamber, characterized in that an electrical current is first passed through the aqueous-alkaline solution for the time needed to achieve the minimum possible content of contaminants limiting for germanium hydride, after which germanium dioxide is added to the solution in a concentration of from not less than 40 g/1 to the solubility limit and electrolysis is performed at a temperature no higher than 65°C, and after isolation the germanium hydride is purified, preferably by the membrane method. 6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that, essentially, germanium dioxide is added to the solution to a concentration of 50 g/1 and electrolysis is performed at a temperature of 65°C. 7. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the germanium hydride is concentrated before isolation using a gas-diffusion membrane. 8. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the germanium hydride obtained after isolation is purified using a gas-diffusion membrane. 9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that, after purification using a gas-diffusion membrane, the germanium hydride is additionally purified by being passed through an ultrafiltration membrane. 10. Method according to Claim 5 and any of Claims 7-9, characterized in that the membranes may be made from polymeric material, or from metal, or from ceramic.
EP04763110A 2003-07-08 2004-07-06 Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride Withdrawn EP1654400A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2003120999/15A RU2230830C1 (en) 2003-07-08 2003-07-08 High-purity germanium hydride preparation method
PCT/EP2004/007389 WO2005005673A2 (en) 2003-07-08 2004-07-06 Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1654400A2 true EP1654400A2 (en) 2006-05-10

Family

ID=32847080

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04763110A Withdrawn EP1654400A2 (en) 2003-07-08 2004-07-06 Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1654400A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2007527467A (en)
CN (1) CN1820093A (en)
RU (1) RU2230830C1 (en)
TW (1) TW200600613A (en)
WO (1) WO2005005673A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8021536B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2011-09-20 Air Products And Chemical, Inc. Method and apparatus for achieving maximum yield in the electrolytic preparation of group IV and V hydrides
WO2008119505A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-09 Rev Renewable Energy Ventures Inc. Catalytic hydrogenation
US20090159454A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Divided electrochemical cell and low cost high purity hydride gas production process
US20100183500A1 (en) * 2009-01-17 2010-07-22 Henry Lee Germane gas production from germanium byproducts or impure germanium compounds
CN101723326B (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-08-31 浙江理工大学 Preparation method of germane
US8361303B2 (en) 2010-09-02 2013-01-29 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Electrodes for electrolytic germane process
KR101250092B1 (en) * 2012-06-13 2013-04-03 오씨아이머티리얼즈 주식회사 Apparatus for preparing germane gas and the method for preparing mono germane gas using the same
US9174853B2 (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-11-03 Gelest Technologies, Inc. Method for producing high purity germane by a continuous or semi-continuous process
JP7110185B2 (en) * 2017-05-19 2022-08-01 昭和電工株式会社 Method for producing germane electrochemically
WO2018212006A1 (en) * 2017-05-19 2018-11-22 昭和電工株式会社 Method for electrochemically producing germane
CN110612366B (en) * 2017-05-19 2022-04-05 昭和电工株式会社 Method for electrochemically producing germane
US11091374B1 (en) 2019-09-28 2021-08-17 Ge Solartech, LLC Method to produce high purity germane from germanium dioxide or impure germanium compounds

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB794641A (en) * 1954-04-15 1958-05-07 Siemens Ag Improvements in or relating to processes for the production of pure germanium and silicon
FR1204724A (en) * 1957-07-17 1960-01-27 Kali Chemie Ag Process for obtaining very pure elements of the fourth group of the periodic system
US4777023A (en) * 1986-02-18 1988-10-11 Solarex Corporation Preparation of silicon and germanium hydrides containing two different group 4A atoms
SU1732697A1 (en) * 1990-01-19 1995-10-27 Институт химии высокочистых веществ АН СССР Method of synthesis of germanium hydride
RU2071993C1 (en) * 1992-11-10 1997-01-20 Институт химии высокочистых веществ РАН Method of germanium hydride producing
US6080297A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-06-27 Electron Transfer Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for constant composition delivery of hydride gases for semiconductor processing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005005673A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2230830C1 (en) 2004-06-20
WO2005005673A2 (en) 2005-01-20
WO2005005673A3 (en) 2005-04-21
CN1820093A (en) 2006-08-16
TW200600613A (en) 2006-01-01
JP2007527467A (en) 2007-09-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2005005673A2 (en) Method for preparing high-purity germanium hydride
WO2005005981A3 (en) Bio-electrochemical process for producing hydrogen
WO2003003494A3 (en) Method and apparatus for adjusting the temperature of a fuel cell by facilitating methanol crossover and combustion
WO2003089117A1 (en) Hydrogen separation using oxygen ion-electron mixed conducting membranes
WO2005036672A3 (en) Hydrogen diffusion electrode for protonic ceramic fuel cell
CN113453785A (en) Process for the separation of low hydrogen content from natural gas mixtures
AU7861598A (en) Ion exchange membrane fuel cell with peripheral cooling system
Wang et al. Mixed oxygen ionic and electronic conducting membrane reactors for pure chemicals production
CN117923737B (en) Seawater treatment system and seawater treatment method
WO2021096256A1 (en) Water-electrolysis hydrogen purification method using hydrogen separator containing palladium
CN117443152B (en) Method for preparing double high-purity gas by electrically-driven separation of hydrogen and helium mixed gas
CN118458898A (en) System and method for waste water electrolytic coupling carbon reduction
CN113026042B (en) Micro electrochemical reactor based on micro-fluidic technology
KR101275213B1 (en) Boron-doped vanadium based alloy membranes for separation of hydrogen and methods of separating hydrogen using the same
TW202214581A (en) Method for producing ethylene oxide
US20250163591A1 (en) Systems and Methods for Generating eFuels and Platform Chemicals from Carbon Based Fuel Combustion Sources
CN218447990U (en) Fuel cell for increasing stack-entering oxygen concentration and vehicle
Badmaev et al. Electrochemical separation of pure hydrogen from hydrogen-containing mixtures
CN222886705U (en) Treatment system for paint production wastewater
WO2013024937A1 (en) Vanadium-based alloy hydrogen separation membrane doped with yttrium, and hydrogen separation method using same
JPS634639B2 (en)
CN115181983A (en) Electrochemical purification stack, electrochemical purification device and purification method of impurity-containing gas
RU53673U1 (en) PLANT FOR PRODUCING SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
CN121077085A (en) Hydrogen production and energy storage equipment and system thereof
JP2025127595A (en) Manufacturing Systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20051207

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20061222