EP1654157A2 - Circuit for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers - Google Patents

Circuit for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers

Info

Publication number
EP1654157A2
EP1654157A2 EP04767909A EP04767909A EP1654157A2 EP 1654157 A2 EP1654157 A2 EP 1654157A2 EP 04767909 A EP04767909 A EP 04767909A EP 04767909 A EP04767909 A EP 04767909A EP 1654157 A2 EP1654157 A2 EP 1654157A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
pressure
circuit
regulator
circuit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04767909A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1654157B1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Schmutz
Jean Dehayes
Didier Gaget
Jean-Michel Cazenave
Stéphane Lessi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1654157A2 publication Critical patent/EP1654157A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1654157B1 publication Critical patent/EP1654157B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D25/00—Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/14—Respiratory apparatus for high-altitude aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D2231/00—Emergency oxygen systems
    • B64D2231/02—Supply or distribution systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6851—With casing, support, protector or static constructional installations
    • Y10T137/6855—Vehicle
    • Y10T137/6906—Aerial or water-supported [e.g., airplane or ship, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to circuits for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers in the event of cabin decompression.
  • Aeronautical regulations (FAR for example) impose in commercial aircraft the presence of an emergency oxygen system for passengers capable of delivering a flow of pure oxygen determined to each passenger according to the altitude of the aircraft in accidental decompression of the cabin.
  • the systems currently proposed use a calibrated hole determining the flow of oxygen supplied to the passenger mask, a pneumatic regulator, sensitive to ambient pressure, regulating the oxygen pressure upstream of the calibrated orifices.
  • These purely pneumatic systems have low precision and response time, which results in the supply of an oxygen flow rate greater than the minimum regulatory flow rate required, hence the need to take on oversized oxygen tanks, affecting the commercial performance of the aircraft.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simplified, efficient oxygen supply circuit which makes it possible to eliminate most of the aforementioned drawbacks, in particular at the level of the on-board mass, and having better security.
  • the circuit comprises, in an oxygen supply line connected to a source of oxygen under pressure, a motorized pressure regulator, actuable in response to a pressure control signal supplied by an electronic control unit.
  • the circuit includes a cabin pressure sensor supplying the electronic control unit with an absolute pressure signal for the preparation of the regulator control signal.
  • the uric figure schematically represents a supply circuit oxygen according to the invention.
  • a pressure oxygen tank in this case a bottle 1 containing oxygen at a nominal pressure between 120 and 200 bars, fitted with a regulator 2 delivering oxygen to a pressure typically between 5 and 8 bars relating to a line 3, comprising a pressure regulator 4, for supplying oxygen to the crew, and at least one line 5 for supplying oxygen to the masks 6 of passengers in the cabin.
  • a regulating block 7 essentially comprising a motorized solenoid valve 8, controlled, according to external parameters, by an electronic control unit 9.
  • the motorized valve 8 is advantageously of the type described in document EP-A-499 505 (Amault Zapata), in the name of the Applicant, the content of which is incorporated here for reference, capable of regulating the pressure downstream of line 5 by following a setpoint signal 10 produced by the electronic control unit 9 as a function in particular of a cabin pressure signal 11 supplied by an absolute pressure sensor 12, as well as a regulated pressure signal 13 supplied by a pressure sensor 14 in line 5 downstream of the regulator 8.
  • the valve 8 can be blocked at least temporarily in the closed position, automatically and / or manually, isolating the passenger circuit towards the masks es 6 to give priority to the supply of oxygen from cylinder 2 to crew line 3.
  • the electronic control unit 9 can also trigger the opening of the boxes of the passenger masks 6.
  • a connection 15 can be provided downstream of the regulator 8 for independent supply of oxygen to an on-board oxygen therapy system, in particular for the accompaniment of patients with respiratory failure.
  • the block 7 comprises a two-pass line 16 provided with a safety solenoid valve 17 making it possible to short-circuit the regulator 8 in the event of the latter failing.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to precisely follow the minimum flow rates imposed according to the different altitudes reached by the aircraft, by regulatory standards, thereby avoiding systematic overconsumption of oxygen and therefore making it possible to reduce the dimensions or the number of oxygen cylinders 1, and therefore their weight.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the numbers and the lengths of the oxygen pipes, and therefore the risks of leakage, in particular in the cabin, by also allowing increased accommodation in the structures of the cabin.
  • the connections between the sensors, electronic control units and regulator 8 being solely electrical, their monitoring and follow-up are greatly facilitated, which avoids tedious maintenance operations and in particular regular removal.

Abstract

The invention relates to a circuit for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers. According to the invention, the line (5) used to supply pressurised oxygen to the passenger masks (6) comprises a motorised pressure regulator (8) which can be actuated in response to a pressure control signal (10) provided by an electronic control unit (9) according to a signal (11) that is representative of the cabin pressure (12).

Description

Circuit de fourniture d'oxygène à des passagers d'un aéronef La présente invention concerne les circuits de fourniture d'oxygène à des passagers d'aéronef en cas de décompression cabine. Les réglementations aéronautiques (FAR par exemple) imposent dans les aéronefs commerciaux la présence d'un système d'oxygène de secours pour passagers apte à délivrer un débit d'oxygène pur déterminé à chaque passager en fonction de l'altitude de l'aéronef en cas de décompression accidentelle de la cabine. Les systèmes actuellement proposés mettent en œuvre un trou calibré déterminant le débit d'oxygène fourni au masque passager, un détendeur pneumatique, sensible à la pression ambiante, régulant la pression d'oxygène en amont des orifices calibrés. Ces systèmes purement pneumatiques ont une précision et un temps de réponse faibles, ce qui se traduit par la fourniture d'un débit d'oxygène supérieur au débit réglementaire minimum requis, d'où la nécessité d'embarquer des réservoirs d'oxygène surdimensionnés, affectant les performances commerciales de l'aéronef. De plus, ces systèmes, qui nécessitent de nombreuses tuyauteries et raccords, sont sources de fuites potentielles et imposent des opérations de maintenance longues et délicates. La présente invention a pour objet de proposer un circuit de fourniture d'oxygène simplifié, performant, permettant de supprimer la plupart des inconvénients susmentionnés, en particulier, au niveau de la masse embarquée, et présentant une meilleure sécurité. Pour ce faire, selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le circuit comprend, dans une ligne de fourniture d'oxygène connectée à une source d'oxygène sous pression, un régulateur de pression motorisé, actionnable en réponse à un signal de commande de pression fourni par une unité électronique de commande. Selon une caractéristique plus particulière de l'invention : - le circuit comporte un capteur de pression cabine fournissant à l'unité électronique de commande un signal de pression absolu pour l'élaboration du signal de commande du régulateur. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation, donnée à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif, faite en relation avec le dessin annexé, sur lequel : la figure urique représente schématiquement un circuit de fourniture d'oxygène selon l'invention. Sur la figure unique, on reconnaît un réservoir d'oxygène sous pression, en l'occurrence une bouteille 1 contenant de l'oxygène sous une pression nominale entre 120 et 200 bars, munie d'un détendeur 2 délivrant de l'oxygène à une pression typiquement entre 5 et 8 bars relatifs à une ligne 3, comprenant un régulateur de pression 4, de fourniture d'oxygène à l'équipage, et au moins à une ligne 5 de fourniture d'oxygène aux masques 6 de passagers en cabine. Selon un aspect de l'invention, dans la ligne 5, est interposé un bloc de régulation 7 comprenant essentiellement une électrovanne motorisée 8, contrôlée, en fonction de paramètres extérieurs, par une unité électronique de commande 9. Plus précisément, la vanne motorisée 8 est avantageusement du type de celle décrite dans le document EP-A-499 505 (Amault Zapata), au nom de la Demanderesse, dont le contenu est intégré ici pour référence, capable de réguler la pression en aval de la ligne 5 en suivant un signal de consigne 10 élaboré par l'unité électronique de commande 9 en fonction notamment d'un signal de pression cabine 11 fourni par un capteur de pression absolu 12, ainsi que d'un signal 13 de pression régulée fourni par un capteur de pression 14 dans la ligne 5 en aval du régulateur 8. Avantageusement, la vanne 8 peut-être bloquée au moins temporairement en position fermée, de façon automatique et/ou manuelle, isolant le circuit passager vers les masques 6 pour donner la priorité de fourniture d'oxygène de la bouteille 2 à la ligne d'équipage 3. Selon le choix du fabricant et/ou de l'exploitant de l'aéronef, l'unité électronique de commande 9 peut également déclencher l'ouverture des boîtes des masques 6 des passagers. De même, une connexion 15 peut être prévue en aval du régulateur 8 pour fourniture indépendante d'oxygène à un système embarqué d'oxygénothérapie, notamment pour l'accompagnement de malades insuffisants respiratoire. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure, le bloc 7 comporte une ligne de bi-passe 16 pourvue d'une électrovanne de sécurité 17 permettant de court-circuiter le régulateur 8 en cas de défaillance de ce dernier. Comme précédemment mentionné, le système selon l'invention permet de suivre avec précision les débits minima imposés selon les différentes altitudes atteintes par l'aéronef, par les normes réglementaires, en évitant ainsi une surconsommation systématique d'oxygène et en permettant donc de réduire les dimensions ou le nombre des bouteilles d'oxygène 1 , et donc leur poids. Le système selon l'invention permet de réduire les nombres et les longueurs des tuyauteries d'oxygène, et donc les risques de fuite, notamment en cabine, en autorisant par ailleurs une logeabilité accrue dans les structures de la carlingue. Les liaisons entre les capteurs, unités électroniques de commande et le régulateur 8 étant uniquement électriques, leur surveillance et suivi sont grandement facilités, ce qui évite des opérations de maintenance fastidieuses et notamment les déposes régulières. Quoique l'invention ait été décrite en relation avec des modes de réalisation particuliers, elle ne s'en trouve pas limitée mais est susceptible de modifications et de variantes qui apparaîtront à l'homme du métier dans le cadre des revendications ci-après. The present invention relates to circuits for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers in the event of cabin decompression. Aeronautical regulations (FAR for example) impose in commercial aircraft the presence of an emergency oxygen system for passengers capable of delivering a flow of pure oxygen determined to each passenger according to the altitude of the aircraft in accidental decompression of the cabin. The systems currently proposed use a calibrated hole determining the flow of oxygen supplied to the passenger mask, a pneumatic regulator, sensitive to ambient pressure, regulating the oxygen pressure upstream of the calibrated orifices. These purely pneumatic systems have low precision and response time, which results in the supply of an oxygen flow rate greater than the minimum regulatory flow rate required, hence the need to take on oversized oxygen tanks, affecting the commercial performance of the aircraft. In addition, these systems, which require numerous pipes and fittings, are sources of potential leaks and require long and delicate maintenance operations. The object of the present invention is to provide a simplified, efficient oxygen supply circuit which makes it possible to eliminate most of the aforementioned drawbacks, in particular at the level of the on-board mass, and having better security. To do this, according to a characteristic of the invention, the circuit comprises, in an oxygen supply line connected to a source of oxygen under pressure, a motorized pressure regulator, actuable in response to a pressure control signal supplied by an electronic control unit. According to a more particular characteristic of the invention: - the circuit includes a cabin pressure sensor supplying the electronic control unit with an absolute pressure signal for the preparation of the regulator control signal. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of an embodiment, given by way of illustration but in no way limiting, made in relation to the appended drawing, in which: the uric figure schematically represents a supply circuit oxygen according to the invention. In the single figure, there is a pressure oxygen tank, in this case a bottle 1 containing oxygen at a nominal pressure between 120 and 200 bars, fitted with a regulator 2 delivering oxygen to a pressure typically between 5 and 8 bars relating to a line 3, comprising a pressure regulator 4, for supplying oxygen to the crew, and at least one line 5 for supplying oxygen to the masks 6 of passengers in the cabin. According to one aspect of the invention, in line 5, is interposed a regulating block 7 essentially comprising a motorized solenoid valve 8, controlled, according to external parameters, by an electronic control unit 9. More precisely, the motorized valve 8 is advantageously of the type described in document EP-A-499 505 (Amault Zapata), in the name of the Applicant, the content of which is incorporated here for reference, capable of regulating the pressure downstream of line 5 by following a setpoint signal 10 produced by the electronic control unit 9 as a function in particular of a cabin pressure signal 11 supplied by an absolute pressure sensor 12, as well as a regulated pressure signal 13 supplied by a pressure sensor 14 in line 5 downstream of the regulator 8. Advantageously, the valve 8 can be blocked at least temporarily in the closed position, automatically and / or manually, isolating the passenger circuit towards the masks es 6 to give priority to the supply of oxygen from cylinder 2 to crew line 3. Depending on the choice of the manufacturer and / or operator of the aircraft, the electronic control unit 9 can also trigger the opening of the boxes of the passenger masks 6. Similarly, a connection 15 can be provided downstream of the regulator 8 for independent supply of oxygen to an on-board oxygen therapy system, in particular for the accompaniment of patients with respiratory failure. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the block 7 comprises a two-pass line 16 provided with a safety solenoid valve 17 making it possible to short-circuit the regulator 8 in the event of the latter failing. As previously mentioned, the system according to the invention makes it possible to precisely follow the minimum flow rates imposed according to the different altitudes reached by the aircraft, by regulatory standards, thereby avoiding systematic overconsumption of oxygen and therefore making it possible to reduce the dimensions or the number of oxygen cylinders 1, and therefore their weight. The system according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the numbers and the lengths of the oxygen pipes, and therefore the risks of leakage, in particular in the cabin, by also allowing increased accommodation in the structures of the cabin. The connections between the sensors, electronic control units and regulator 8 being solely electrical, their monitoring and follow-up are greatly facilitated, which avoids tedious maintenance operations and in particular regular removal. Although the invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments, it is not limited thereto but is susceptible to modifications and variants which will appear to a person skilled in the art within the scope of the claims below.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Circuit de fourniture d'oxygène à des passagers d'un aéronef, comprenant, dans une ligne de fourniture d'oxygène (5) connectée à une source d'oxygène sous pression (1), un régulateur de pression motorisé (8) actionnable en réponse à un signal de commande de pression (10) fourni par une unité électronique de commande (9). 1. An oxygen supply circuit for passengers of an aircraft, comprising, in an oxygen supply line (5) connected to a source of pressurized oxygen (1), a motorized pressure regulator (8) operable in response to a pressure control signal (10) provided by an electronic control unit (9).
2. Circuit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un capteur de pression cabine (12) fournissant à l'unité électronique de commande (9) un signal de pression absolue (11) pour l'élaboration dudit signal de commande (10) du régulateur (8). 2. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a cabin pressure sensor (12) supplying the electronic control unit (9) with an absolute pressure signal (11) for the preparation of said control signal (10) of the regulator (8).
3. Circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une ligne (16) de bi-passe du régulateur (8) pourvue d'une électrovanne de sécurité (17). 3. Circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a line (16) of the regulator bypass (8) provided with a safety solenoid valve (17).
4. Circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la ligne de fourniture d'oxygène (5) comprend une connexion aval (15) à un système d'oxygénothérapie. 4. Circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxygen supply line (5) comprises a downstream connection (15) to an oxygen therapy system.
5. Circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la source d'oxygène comprend au moins une bouteille d'oxygène sous pression (1). 5. Circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxygen source comprises at least one cylinder of pressurized oxygen (1).
EP20040767909 2003-08-04 2004-07-21 Circuit for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers Active EP1654157B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0350394A FR2858560B1 (en) 2003-08-04 2003-08-04 OXYGEN SUPPLY CIRCUIT TO PASSENGERS OF AN AIRCRAFT
PCT/FR2004/050348 WO2005016750A2 (en) 2003-08-04 2004-07-21 Circuit for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1654157A2 true EP1654157A2 (en) 2006-05-10
EP1654157B1 EP1654157B1 (en) 2013-04-17

Family

ID=34073126

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040767909 Active EP1654157B1 (en) 2003-08-04 2004-07-21 Circuit for supplying oxygen to aircraft passengers

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9272786B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1654157B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007501041A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0413263B8 (en)
CA (1) CA2533483C (en)
FR (1) FR2858560B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2363624C2 (en)
UA (1) UA83496C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005016750A2 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
CA2533483A1 (en) 2005-02-24
US9272786B2 (en) 2016-03-01
US20070144597A1 (en) 2007-06-28
BRPI0413263B8 (en) 2013-04-16
BRPI0413263B1 (en) 2013-02-19
UA83496C2 (en) 2008-07-25
CA2533483C (en) 2013-04-23
RU2363624C2 (en) 2009-08-10
FR2858560A1 (en) 2005-02-11
FR2858560B1 (en) 2005-09-09
EP1654157B1 (en) 2013-04-17
RU2006106724A (en) 2006-08-27
WO2005016750A3 (en) 2006-07-27
JP2007501041A (en) 2007-01-25
WO2005016750A2 (en) 2005-02-24
BRPI0413263A (en) 2006-10-10

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