EP1648701A2 - Impression d'image au jet d'encre sur une plaque d'impression lithographique - Google Patents

Impression d'image au jet d'encre sur une plaque d'impression lithographique

Info

Publication number
EP1648701A2
EP1648701A2 EP04757677A EP04757677A EP1648701A2 EP 1648701 A2 EP1648701 A2 EP 1648701A2 EP 04757677 A EP04757677 A EP 04757677A EP 04757677 A EP04757677 A EP 04757677A EP 1648701 A2 EP1648701 A2 EP 1648701A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
near infrared
coating
infrared absorbing
imaging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04757677A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1648701A4 (fr
Inventor
Albert S. Deutsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jetplate Corp
Original Assignee
Jetplate Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US10/774,119 external-priority patent/US20040154489A1/en
Application filed by Jetplate Corp filed Critical Jetplate Corp
Publication of EP1648701A2 publication Critical patent/EP1648701A2/fr
Publication of EP1648701A4 publication Critical patent/EP1648701A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
    • B41C1/1066—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by spraying with powders, by using a nozzle, e.g. an ink jet system, by fusing a previously coated powder, e.g. with a laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
    • B41C1/1008—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by removal or destruction of lithographic material on the lithographic support, e.g. by laser or spark ablation; by the use of materials rendered soluble or insoluble by heat exposure, e.g. by heat produced from a light to heat transforming system; by on-the-press exposure or on-the-press development, e.g. by the fountain of photolithographic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/02—Positive working, i.e. the exposed (imaged) areas are removed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/04—Negative working, i.e. the non-exposed (non-imaged) areas are removed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/06—Developable by an alkaline solution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/24—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation characterised by a macromolecular compound or binder obtained by reactions involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. acrylics, vinyl polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
    • B41C2210/26—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation characterised by a macromolecular compound or binder obtained by reactions not involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B41C2210/262—Phenolic condensation polymers, e.g. novolacs, resols

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for imaging a lithographic printing plate and more particularly to a process using an ink jet printer to imagewise apply a near infrared absorbing imaging material to a plate coating, exposing the plate to a near infrared emitters, followed by developing the coating.
  • lithographic printing it is generally required that one or more lithographic printing plates be mounted on a printing press.
  • the lithographic printing plate is characterized by having on its printing surface oleophilic ink receiving areas in the form of the image to be printed, and hydrophilic water receiving areas corresponding to the other, non-printing areas of the surface.
  • ink will fully coat the oleophilic areas of the plate printing surface and not contaminate the hydrophilic areas.
  • the operating press brings the inked plate surface into intimate contact with an impression cylinder or elastic transfer blanket that transfers the ink image to the media to be printed.
  • a lithographic plate is photographically imaged.
  • the plate substrate is most commonly aluminum, from 5 to 12 mils thick, treated so that the printing surface is hydrophilic, although treated or untreated plastic or paper substrates can also be used.
  • the substrate is coated with a solution of a photosensitive composition that is generally oleophilic.
  • the coating layer thickness is commonly about 1 to 3 microns thick.
  • a printing plate with such a photosensitive coating is called “presensitized” (PS). Both negative and positive working photosensitive compositions are used in PS lithographic plates. In a negative plate, light exposure insolubilizes the coating, so that on development the only parts of the coating that aren't removed are the light imaged areas. The reverse is the case in a positive plate. Light exposure solubilizes the coating; on development the coating is only removed in the areas that are light imaged.
  • a positive plate is "blanket exposed” or “flood exposed", i.e., the entire plate is light exposed without any intervening mask or other means for imaging, and imaged in a separate step which can be performed before or after the blanket exposure step.
  • a positive plate can be negatively imaged.
  • the aluminum substrate can be treated to make it hydrophilic either prior to the application of the photosensitive composition or at the time the non-image areas of the coating are removed in a development step.
  • Such a process in which a pre-coated lithographic plate is prepared for press by removing exclusively either the imaged or non-imaged coating in a development step is called a subtractive process; a pre-coated plate having a coating which is at least partially removed in a development step is known as a subtractive plate.
  • Photosensitive compositions used in positive lithographic plates are well known. They are comprised primarily of alkali soluble resins and o-quinone diazide sulfonic acid esters or amides. In addition dyes or colored pigments, indicator dyes, plasticizers and surfactants can also be present. The ingredients are typically dissolved in organic solvents and are coated onto the substrate. Upon drying a thin film or coating is produced.
  • Alkali soluble resins useful in positive plates are well known and include phenol- formaldehyde resins, cresol-formaldehyde resins, styrene-mal ⁇ ic anhydride copolymers, alkyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymers, co-or ter-polymers that contain either acrylic or methacrylic acids and poly(vinyl phenol).
  • U.S. Pat. No.4,642,282 describes an alkali soluble polycondensation product that is also useful as the resin component in positive plates.
  • the o-quinone diazide compounds include o-benzoquinone diazides, o- naphthoquinone diazides and o-anthraquinone diazides.
  • O-quinone diazide compounds useful in positive plates are well known and are described in detail in Light Sensitive Systems by J. Kosar, p.339-352. They are further described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,046,118; 3,046,119; 3,046,120; 3,046,121; 3,046,122; 3,046,123; 3,148,983; 3,181,461; 3,211,553; 3,635,709; 3,711,285 and 4,639,406 incorporated in entirety herein by reference.
  • Such positive plates are sensitive to light in the wavelength range of from about 290 to 500nm.
  • photo-exposure causes the alkali insoluble o-quinone diazide of the positive plate to be converted into an alkali soluble carboxylic acid.
  • a developer which is a dilute aqueous alkaline solution
  • the exposed parts of the coating are removed.
  • the unexposed coating is alkali insoluble, because the o-quinone diazide is unaffected by the developer, and remains on the substrate.
  • lithographic plates are imaged by photographic transfer from original artwork. This process is labor-intensive and costly.
  • a platesetter has the capability to supply an image forming agent, typically light energy or one or more chemicals, to a plate according to various patterns or images as defined by digital data, i.e., to imagewise apply an image forming agent.
  • Specially manufactured lithographic plates may be required for certain types of platesetters.
  • Such a combination of a computer-controlled platesetter and the proprietary plates used with them along with developer solutions and any other materials or apparatuses necessary to prepare the plates for printing is known as a computer-to-plate (CTP) system.
  • CTP computer-to-plate
  • ink jet printers have replaced laser printers as the most popular hard copy output printers for computers.
  • Inkjet printers have several competitive advantages over laser printers.
  • One advantage is that it is possible to manufacture an array of 10's or even 100's of ink jet nozzles spaced very closely together in a single inexpensive print head.
  • This nozzle array manufacturing capability enables fast printing ink jet devices to be manufactured at a much lower cost than laser printers requiring arrays of lasers.
  • the precision with which such a nozzle array can be manufactured and the jetting reliability of the incorporated nozzles means that these arrays can be used to print high quality images comparable to photo or laser imaging techniques.
  • Ink jet printers also are increasingly being used for prepress proofing and other graphic arts applications requiring very high quality hard copy output.
  • Inkjet printers are also scalable to larger sizes inexpensively allowing large format imaging at hitherto low prices. h spite of the large and rapidly growing installed base of ink jet printers for hard copy output, ink jet printing technology is not commonly used in CTP systems. There are many challenging technical requirements facing the practitioner who would design such an ink jet based CTP system as can be seen in the prior art. A first requirement is that the ink jet ink used to image the printing plate be jettable, able to form ink drops of repeatable volume and in an unvarying direction. Further, for practical commercial application, the ink must have a long shelf life, in excess of one year or more. US Pat. No.
  • inks comprising acrylic resins such as trimethylolpropanetriacrylate and poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid, sodium salt), are jetted. While it may be possible to make such a ink formulation work for the purposes of a short term experiment, it would almost certainly clog the nozzles of an ink jet printhead were the ink allowed to remain in the printer for the weeks or more that would be a requirement of practical commercial use. Another requirement is that to be of wide utility, the ink jet based CTP system should be able to prepare printing plates with small printing dots, approximately 50 microns in diameter or smaller, so that high resolution images can be printed.
  • Inkjet printers can produce such small dots, but of those having substantial commercial acceptance, only ink jet printers employing aqueous-based inks are practically capable of printing such small dots.
  • systems described in US Pat. Nos. 4,003,312 (Gunther), 5,495,803 (Gerber), 6,104,931 (Fromson et al), and 6,019,045 (Kato) which use solvent- based hot melt inks will not allow the preparation of the high resolution printing plates necessary for printed images of high quality.
  • hot melt type inks typically freeze on top of the imaged media rather than penetrate into it. This would prevent intimate mixing between potential reactants in the inks and corresponding potential reactants in a PS plate coating.
  • the prepared printing plates be rugged, capable of sustaining press runs of many thousands of impressions.
  • the waxes used in the hot melt inks described in US Pat. No. 6,019,045 (Kato) and 4833486 (Zerillo) would wear out in such a long press run.
  • Another requirement of a successful ink j et based CTP system is that a mature plate technology is to be preferred.
  • the prior art demonstrates that it is not obvious to do so, it greatly simplifies the development of an ink jet CTP system to be able to use commercially available, widely accepted PS plates. There are many tradeoffs in the manufacture of commercially practical lithographic plates.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,653 (Ma et al) describes a plate coating that requires an unpractically high reaction temperature for imaging.
  • US Pat. No. 6,025,022 (Matzinger) describes a new plate coating on a glass substrate that would be unlikely to find wide acceptance
  • To use an ink jet printer in a positive imaging process is impractical because in typical printing, the area of a plate containing images such as text, graphics, and line work, is much less that the non-image containing area of the plate.
  • a negative imaging ink jet process is a unique, surprising, and valuable result.
  • the present invention provides a process for preparing lithographic plates for printing by employing an ink jet printhead to imagewise apply a near infrared absorbing material to a coated plate.
  • the plate is then exposed to near infrared emitters which heats the coating only in areas where the fluid is applied and produce a solubility change in the underlying coating.
  • an image forms that corresponds to the pattern where the near infrared absorbing material is ink jet printed onto the coating.
  • the coating is insolubilized where the near infrared absorbing material is applied, and on development those areas remain while the unimaged parts are dissolved.
  • the resulting image plate can then be placed directly on a printing press to produce multiple copies.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram flow chart depicting a general process of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram flow chart depicting a process of the present invention used to image a presensitized printing plate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention comprises a process for preparing a printing plate for press by imagewise applying a near infrared absorbing imaging fluid to a coated plate, exposing the plate to near infrared emitters, and washing the plate with a developing solution.
  • the near infrared absorbing imaging fluid absorbs energy causing a chemical change the underlying plate coating, making the changed coating insoluble to a developing solution in which the unchanged coating is soluble.
  • the present invention enables thermally sensitive coatings to be imaged at a much lower cost than the current method of imaging using digitally controlled near infrared lasers.
  • the thermally sensitive coatings are imaged by much less costly ink jet printers that have the capability of producing high resolution images comparable to laser imaging.
  • ink jet printing a fluid containing a near infrared absorbing material is applied imagewise to a coated plate, followed by placing the coated plate in an oven having near infrared emitters. The coating is heated only in the areas where the fluid is applied which produces a solubility change in the coating.
  • an image will form that corresponds to the pattern that is ink jet printed onto the coating.
  • the coating is insolubilized where the fluid is applied and on development those areas remain while the unimaged parts are dissolved.
  • the imaged plate can then be placed on a printing press to produce multiple copies.
  • the imaging fluid may be used in a positive working system.
  • a computer-to-plate system preferably comprises an ink jet printer (UP), an oven having near infrared emitters, and a developing processor.
  • the paper-handling or substrate-handling subsystem of ink jet printer should have a short, straight paper path.
  • a printing plate is generally stiffer and heavier than the paper or media typically used in commercially available ink jet printers. If the plate fed into the printer mechanism must bend before or after being presented to the imaging print head, then the movement of the plate through the printer may not be as accurate as the media for which the printer was designed.
  • One preferred printer is the EPSON Stylus Color 7600 available from Epson America, Inc., Long Beach, California, has such a short, straight paper path.
  • a platen is preferably placed at the entrance to the paper feed mechanism. The platen preferably has a registration guide rail and supports the plate as it is pulled into the printer by the feed mechanism, facilitating the accurate transport of the plate under the imaging print head.
  • the UP used is a commercially available drop-on- demand printer capable of printing small ink drops having volumes no larger than 4 picoliters (4 pi) such as the EPSON Stylus Color 7600 ink jet printer available.
  • the great flexibility available to the practitioner in formulating near infrared absorbing imaging materials according to the invention means that a well-performing jettable imaging solution can be formulated such that the print head of almost any ink jet printer will be able to form regular drops with good reliability.
  • the oven required for use in the imaging process in accordance with the present invention may be simple and inexpensive.
  • the oven may be a batch or flow through oven having near infrared emitters such as laser diodes.
  • the emission wavelength of the infrared emitters should be matched to the absorption bandwidth of the near infrared absorbing material contained in the imaging ink.
  • compounds having OH and NH groups typically absorb at 2.2-3.2 microns.
  • Most aromatics and olefins absorb at about 3.2- 3.3 microns.
  • Aliphatics typically absorb at about 3.33-3.55 microns, while aldehydes, ketones, some organic acids and amides typically absorb in the range of 5.7-6.1 microns.
  • Various laser diodes are available commercially that emit radiation in the above ranges.
  • the coating should be a material whose solubility is changed upon heating. Many coatings are useful in this near infrared imaging process. Preferred coatings include
  • Preferred infrared absorbing imaging materials useful in the imaging fluids in accordance with the present invention include squarylium dyes such as squarylium dye HI, croconate dyes such as croconate blue, phthalocynanine, merocyanine dyes such as merocyanine 540, indolizine, pvrlium, dithiolene, metal complexes, carbon black, phthalocyanine and infrared absorption dyes such as ADS 830 AT (available commercially from American Dye Source, h e).
  • squarylium dyes such as squarylium dye HI
  • croconate dyes such as croconate blue
  • phthalocynanine merocyanine dyes
  • merocyanine dyes such as merocyanine 540
  • indolizine pvrlium
  • dithiolene dithiolene
  • metal complexes carbon black
  • a humidifying co-solvent may be added to the insolubilizing fluid.
  • the co-solvent can be a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin, ethoxylated glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, or trimethylol propane, other high boiling point liquids such as pyrrolidone, methylpyrrolidone, or triethanol amine, other simple alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol or tertiary butyl alcohol, or mixtures of such solvents.
  • the co-solvent When used, the co-solvent would typically comprise 5 to 70 percent of the imaging fluid. While generally not necessary, a dye compatible with the near infrared absorbing imaging fluid may be added to the imaging fluid at a level of a few percent to further enhance the visibility of the latent image.
  • the near infrared absorbing imaging fluid may also contain one or more surfactants or wetting agents to control the surface tension of the ink, enhance jettability, and control spread and penetration of the drop on the coated plate. Suitable surfactants and wetting agents include Surfynol 104, Surfynol 465, Surfynol FS- 80, Surfynol PSA-216, Dynol 604, Triton X-100, and similar chemicals or mixtures of similar chemicals.
  • surfactants and wetting agents typically comprise 0.001 to 10 weight percent of the imaging fluid.
  • the near infrared absorbing imaging fluid also may contain one or more biocides to prolong the shelf life of the fluid. Suitable biocides include for example Proxel GXL, Sodium Omadine, Dowicil, GivGuard DXN, and similar chemicals or mixtures of such chemicals.
  • the biocide would typically comprise 0.1 to 3 weight percent of the imaging fluid. If the pH of the imaging fluid is over 10, it is not necessary to use a biocide and this is preferred.
  • a typical formulation for near infrared absorbing imaging fluid in accordance with the present invention comprises:
  • a coated plate 20 is conveyed first through an imaging station 22 where a near infrared imaging fluid is imagewise applied.
  • the plate is then conveyed through a oven 24 having near infrared emitters.
  • the coating is heated only in areas where the imaging fluid is applied, which produces a solubility change in the coating.
  • a positive plate may be prepared by a image reversal process in which the plate is coated with a subtractive coating. A near infrared absorbing imaging fluid is applied imagewise to the coating using an ink jet printer as before. The imaged plate is then conveyed through a oven having infrared emitters, and then through a development, rinse and drying station. The plate is then ready for use.
  • Example 1 A infrared absorbing imaging fluid is prepared by dissolving squarylium dye HI in to form a near infrared sensitive imaging solution comprising 6 weight % of the fluid.
  • a surfactant Triton X-100 and a biocide, Proxel GXL where added in weight amounts of .2% and .3% percent, respectively.
  • the imaging solution is image jetted onto an aluminum plate precoated with a Novolac resin and a naphthoquione diozide sulfonic acid ester.
  • the image plate is then exposed to an oven having infrared emitters followed by development in an alkaline developer solution of the following composition:
  • Aerosol OS Surfactant from Cytec 2.2 grams Water 1000 ml
  • the parts of the coating underlying the imaging solution are insoluablized by heat absorbed by the imaging material.
  • the other parts of the coating are soluble in the developer and are removed.
  • the plate is then washed to remove the developer and any imaging material that was not removed by the developing solution, leaving images on the coated plate that correspond to the images of the early applied near infrared absorbing solution.
  • the plate is then dried.

Abstract

Procédé servant à imprimer une image sur une plaque d'impression lithographique par impression au jet d'encre d'une plaque recouverte d'un revêtement par un matériau absorbant les infrarouges proches. Ce procédé consiste ensuite à exposer cette plaque à des émetteurs d'infrarouges proches et à développer le revêtement.
EP04757677A 2003-03-19 2004-03-19 Impression d'image au jet d'encre sur une plaque d'impression lithographique Withdrawn EP1648701A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45583603P 2003-03-19 2003-03-19
US10/774,119 US20040154489A1 (en) 2000-05-08 2004-02-06 Chemical imaging of a lithographic printing plate
PCT/US2004/008657 WO2004082956A2 (fr) 2003-03-19 2004-03-19 Impression d'image au jet d'encre sur une plaque d'impression lithographique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1648701A2 true EP1648701A2 (fr) 2006-04-26
EP1648701A4 EP1648701A4 (fr) 2006-10-25

Family

ID=33032705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04757677A Withdrawn EP1648701A4 (fr) 2003-03-19 2004-03-19 Impression d'image au jet d'encre sur une plaque d'impression lithographique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1648701A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004082956A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060150847A1 (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-07-13 Presstek, Inc. Inkjet-imageable lithographic printing members and methods of preparing and imaging them
US9745161B2 (en) * 2012-07-12 2017-08-29 Hewlett-Packard Industrial Printing Ltd. Device for receiving and submitting a substrate
BR112015007692A2 (pt) * 2015-03-18 2018-09-25 Daniel Goncalves Fortunato aperfeiçoamentos introduzidos em processo de produção de chapas de impressão não metal e produto resultante.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5372915A (en) * 1993-05-19 1994-12-13 Eastman Kodak Company Method of making a lithographic printing plate containing a resole resin and a novolac resin in the radiation sensitive layer
EP1291718A2 (fr) * 2001-09-11 2003-03-12 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Composition photopolymerisable

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6596462B2 (en) * 1999-12-17 2003-07-22 Konica Corporation Printing plate element and preparation method of printing plate

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5372915A (en) * 1993-05-19 1994-12-13 Eastman Kodak Company Method of making a lithographic printing plate containing a resole resin and a novolac resin in the radiation sensitive layer
EP1291718A2 (fr) * 2001-09-11 2003-03-12 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Composition photopolymerisable

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2004082956A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1648701A4 (fr) 2006-10-25
WO2004082956A3 (fr) 2005-05-12
WO2004082956A2 (fr) 2004-09-30

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